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CCUES TO
SKEILQTONS
A fo@P '~vOTA A 80064
Poke ts UAS o Qaft
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The 'middle third' rule. Des
lean (L) is the same, the wa
is not
'I ,
SAFE .BUILDING
pite the fact that the .
ll, left is unsafe, but th
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INrdES5TIGA>F B~AS1NMN LEAKS AND
fNCUjS
TO AFAKI
r~/G
SI
CAC^IN G %S CAUSEDO BY RACKS
fO(ES. VINDOW.AJS AR RASWT
fARN# OUJTSDE,)WATCR 1A8I.3~ bK
WIWMew N oOUsr ABOrl BAS~tIteNW
.U.a6AKS AND OMPNSS- PNWA8ER
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lopi
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krnlalrs IJ
eMM
hwrr. waterr \\ill Attack An O)ld I ounr
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od
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TRY ROY Q)NO
^sE
C(Ue 10 DRY ROT
DRY ROT
STARTS ON
~rii ou~sgDC
OF WOOD
WHE V40P
Y.'* I
FOR
1,00K OUT
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.
L'r
un^ghti tervisio
yr tf7 ryflTxhd to
i hinncy stick caOl
1 nId rlm rtTin
\l~~mtusrn
kIladmn to
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-over4fw whto anj -
ation: inc ff cGrT tca
volvc 0fnrur
yngl ina
Disused or leaky
QoIvanised Irfy Wcae3r
tnK uncased and
uninsulated
r.
Owmsf n
.uninsulkadO fwraer hou I
COOYMrne romnwcery frOn
va" guwiv ineswseno
often bocead o frozen
urusultd c w feed pp
-..$OW N I .
llf^ "r.. rseI on a housco ui Town Strcct forr, horm othe
ldidr hIoiua i bfnUL dincI a L amny r
_
-
~-~i4
r,~~:D~~
~
~-,I;' ~. s
lai~." .:
-:
iftMbtel
i.
r;b
Common Sources Of Roof Leaks
*Cracks in chimney masonry
*Loose flashing around chimneys
*Loose or missing shingles
*Cracks caused by settling raft
*Water backup from plugged gutt
other debris, moss, etc.
*Protruding nailheads
*On flat roofs: bubbles b blist
Where roofing abuts vertical
valleys
e
e
rs
rs,
or
ers; cracks
surfaces
--------* -- ------- ---- ---- ~ `--- - ---I -.- .-~.- _-I-~I ~-~- -- --* --T -~-* -I --_ _. --_ ---- _-I_____ _ I
Electrical System Is Cross-Indexed By CircuitAnd By Room
mos IB
Section 1: List Of Loads On Circuits
i 1 M p p
Section 2: Circuits In Each Room
0
L
Ii I
*~ig % dotm
0
Roo
L19AM6 m ;(~t1~
oil ~Omu
*C V&%"A
itcuitall
Li
dff JL-
ivei JEW
ei
Nona
Imp- -I"
FIG. 164.
Three-wire cleat
f \
WOOD -
OOXING
wrAVA
VCC(LAIN
I I
I I
I '1
SI
I I
I I
I 71
I I
rI I
I
II
I
Im I
CL CEAr
PORCELAIN
TUBL
N
PAMr:,;::
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L
:* ;
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"s
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mwwl
AW AV -AF' AP AMW Ar AV AV
i-
B
III2lrrn
0: il .... '.':
'( ''' i
lll ~~~.a.r~ i .... ... I
....i :. .... ~ ..... i i i l i.. . ... . .. ..
''''' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i :l:::l':'li ii;i .;9i;. ~
i II
......
r^%~-'
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Pwlmee rem...
.r
fr It<4.,N
*r m.'
E l. ~S
qW w P -w
Ole ou a
fla.r
PA'aNQ .THRU ri.,OOR
I. .i
~NITH PiFIPC Oft mx
-. r
Fe
/ F f;.
tyj;/~:)'i~ c A
IROSEie KCWCTTE
, .- . -
?1.1: ,: .. ,,< C
i"' i~Li~tiC ?
,ON. U CSE ,,pOULET C
nasyrc COOVEN
S "...
Fa. 23 67
.AMP REEPTA .
'''
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U
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IV N&.
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- v
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wo
r
. A~
c
,
*
-
11 -
tenl the outer metal sheath and the insulation.
The
elation
and
wires from moisture.
Flexib)le arn
practically
everywhere
for
house
wiring
and
e armored cable with armor and layers of insulation pro
a away to show bare wires (right).
ad reliable. (I some localities it is not appved
* TF * 1^^ ^ ^- .- -
in
S
mn
SWUMiD
'I
Im 5l45
,L krO
A 9k*P F %#
. ,I ll lp.w11 ,w ".- r-Np - -
V 4 4P F1-e mwo
- Ll- - -.- Uw
m th, and the two are then sheathed with add
ket contact (or a short circuit) occurred beItwen
e co or a-s- or
K7
sheathed cable with layers of insulation progrp
to show bar wire (right).
I
K7
KW~~W L4~IfAJJL
lr aqtV"
ImrlrPSW$CW'V
n~L skAN& ~ ~ mom; ML W
wi=a,--vwav auD uc -irrLrWt wan a tr-m rap as nar t t
utlet as is possible, regardless as to whether it then
*^rT ~jJ**--------
slow-----
-r
-,'
StI
S"S i 1
I i
f ir
1 ,1111I l lt i iii i
\
W ". 7 - - W W F ,w I -,
whic-h tlilsulated
wires can I
hr
Sthreaii.
Th&i s, t,
ing a house, since the conduit r m
inrirg a house, since the con(lit pruiiremnlm
conduit with cable installed.
Layers o
vdy out away from cable to show
d alo permits easy replaax
'^**
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(If
/
.Fio. 586
rrrn rr~ rrIiir riririrlS.
I
;I
' -- -.~sF~p;Js.ll.(.ii-~I~P~
CONDUIT WIRING
Fxo. 629
. as .Wcurr R as other joints.
y
4:
"4,
:it
*. '
3, -
p~L Kt :
L~t
Tp
'r 16
*i1
rI~34
a
-C !
FIG 69
------ M-1 ----
--LII .~-c---yL-----li~P----I-YLII~~~.I.-~~,n xlnL. r..- I~ ~~ -~ ~.-..
I_ ~ __~__~_~_ ~
_
--
.
~,CIIICUrr;-l- *.~LI+I~CPI~
Y
t
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A'r
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a. a
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51
AMIN.- 0n
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-tic
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FIG.
64
*
I .
- --
8 9*
C.
a
9 4
S O
*
*
0
0
*
*
*9 4
sO e
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S *0
. *
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O*
9 4
I ,
l,0
I
tow
4W
Sxo.
65
N
we
9
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4 g Oe *
S~ I o T
,'#
C -
;t-- .- i~:.--
t:
i.,
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-61
rl)
II~
0 *0 -
* 0
FRlU~m
Inkatlg %WtI1 Switch: 'Wire Paad tolle Jot
Vail, s w
t Floov
BralC kde t at& 6in. Insrt (ia wire throu11
from cctl k. por throiy hole tn pgate. Catha wth
t 'wth bit on etair, fish inserUd throu ceiling .
Nal wl fi teo oa sig
/oe. .attak ob B s Ilr lae {tdj^ swch
aci^ij.oiAf tii a~ O.j" ^^.B'ivrf
(s) i||. ___/^ ^---
P C jt5
'1Meh4' fotx! :
~ ?.
4v ja~. .;
T
IVI
p
q
U1Y.1 Ar.
I ,. IE~
R fiP:,' .. :'
1:~1 ....t'
r -I ~
I,
-- :~
4.'.
to" t.. ..a.d aboe w
for U wtI.
qte
Sp
IL_
III'
c f ufi to
aol uvlng f'th :
I
.o .. 4-'
.. *i
inuii
oj, .P '
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c.a. b
-
777"
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HI
do
'go
i'
-1 T
mJ
,"T 4 E
--~ --
I/
r
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_ _I -- 1
Md i i n i i I : in il --I I
i
* *XVA
C1P1&te~ c
1. `
0...
0.SI.'
0
14Cor i a
*'Moldiag,
Ryemaov b&s.oo&vS Qi u~ r
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U s~*
r ~ 5 i .~5b
;; .
Now
P ,
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IV A*I.
. ,: "r. .- ':, .- ... '_ ,. ... -
'J
.,,,
in ~;r
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n
rr
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Ya
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0'. "'`:
v .r~ ri
X:
.Y.*J~ a. 4
"~~ I 'apF~.
C
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C
~SL f(r~L; fiC *rkl; ,af-.r j :.r
t. -i
~htr+a I
.~ ;ih~ 5
Icd pg'~~r ~p
:.:' :115 C
i '5 -1 I: 21
r
'0i
a..
S..
- - -- -- ------ --- ------- --- --- --------
.. t-Y
'' ':L `~.t
..
r,
~By~i) I
,S
.rpl
a
-3 I - -
Uppc~ r
~~ ~00t
~J~f 1 1.1111~ ~-- 9, W # of #1 41 a 0I-I
.ry
'f
"
) ; i 'I'
'
;
-
i;:
I
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. (c; Y-
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t~-~ZrrE=
rl
J' I
r
t~
,
Ig
;'*__
'T
C:
.''
S
running 'Vire U 'Trom Cellar
IV
C *1 I 0
I I 'I
0 Cell.r -q
DtU1 througki fW IPus fhish I 'Attach cAe. to
and aie wth through fooar a fih r d pPul Iu
bit. on exten der, into wU to wooe env
31'f .~t: r
.,
S4. .
ca~b -run conc"q,4
behind
l.o
, .^
mdbe dhM I
b*oeboar4.
V.,
*& *W / fl w 'With.4
A Ad A'W&Utwit -WUlot
9iliht.
c
~Ti3tuce
A
'-pIS4O 4 3.1
*r mr -r *r I -r -~
"Heal
F*
8
r
r-
.e
-
S ;~
r~ 'fY~~~~
I I
&croae watl in th lout toot d i i
. r. .j
4 4
V r
rkn'
4
-
..
F j.lf~`~h~'~
~~:r.I. i
' a~l-r!i
,1
I~I- ~ . - r - -- ------ --
Elecrncdl
IIo)(
Br to
i : r'.
GOOD: Completed cir
cuit between box and
hot wire shows box is
properly grounded, .:
-II ----- ---I
BAD: Weak gl.o be .
tween grouInd wtre:' 1
and 'boAx idicas
c.urrnt'le i.; lagi
A -
I
- - 2 - . . . .
m
mmm
I---
.4 ,. I .
I
Wall
Cro55 -5dction
GOOD: Enough
in cable to b
to pull 12 m
into the box.
slack
e able
lore
'a~
S.
a
S.
r.9
*q
0~
BAD: No slack. Will
require rew junction
box and piece of new
cable asIpl .
1.
Discotwlect
Old
kCd bfe
2.
~Cut
~.Armor
3.
Add
uoxncton
Box
S
*
When there isn't enough
back, new BX cable must
old cable to ca
be splic ii
L
l ..3 :-'"- T 't, -
g
r
r
. -. :~'
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~ '.
+ I
I
r.
r
c
t
4.
/ *
:1-. .
ID~IIDVD*Lrr IY'. ~.W~~~L~I.- ~GL~) I-y._.~L --C-YIIII-l~r~ -Y~ --'--UL-'~-- --l-~-y*~---Y
a
; 't
..
..~.
!*.
~Crornc~in
Down
for
C/ose/
r I
,: ClosI Oe Prole
fr val Yve
. .2.. ..,.
"' '" ,: ,"'; Y.'"
."I', . '
, . :: ; ..: .
,, .-,-;;,]' ;. :: ', .. .
"L '--. .. ;,,z '] -'- -,. ,.,I.-,',. ..1..-.
SobV n
e 5.
by
. *.
PIPE STOCK a DIE
--i
PIPE VISE
PIPE CUTTER.
HACK SAW
PIPE TAP
.' .-
PLUNGER
PIPE WRENCH
ADJUSTABLE
WRENCH
P"
SEAT DRESSER
BLOW TORCH
REAMER
AUGER
Fi. 73.--Plumbers tools. Tools are not in proportion
PLUMBING
I~-
1
.e 2 c'.~"
.: i:r.j
~,:
LI, -I
i b-
rn. sj t tItat it it t hl rtl thIrt#i<|r i t ,l ii at Itit .>t l t. thr
ELBOW COUPLING TEE
(- 9 (90) .
PIPE
PLUG
PIF
PiP i
PIPE CAP
NI
. REDUCER
SGA,
PPLE
GASKET UNIQN.-
131
'"KET
Pipe Typ Test
IF THERE IS ANY DOUBT about the material
of which your piping is made, a magnet
and small knife will tell you quickly:
*COPPER
ed wit
. gold.
t won't
Color
stick.
showing
When scratch-
is ,orange-
*BRASS-Magnet won t stick. Wh
ed, color is yellowish gold.
*LEAD -Magnet won't stick. Soft
scratch with knife; color is
gray.
CAST IRON--Magn
en scratch-
when
silvery
st cks.
iet '
*GA LVANIZZED
Y rWy v YWe I
;
:p,
r
.. ~:*
r
hi
(I'
WATR IN TKN
AcrT A3 SF'AL
AGew-T SEWER
From Fixture
atep% Of
To Soa. Water
S L:
,u Seat
Ck.eanout
Y
FLoO.
Dramr LUnc
Vat4rV
I,.'.'
Vent lines prevent vacuums in the main
soil stack from siphoning water out o -
the traps. All vents amst opneot tO,
highest point in the system.
- ' *. ' .; .&, % .* -
J
3L
qh.. -
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R ,-- l
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