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fS
cr University of Florida .
Institute of Food-and Agricultural Sciences
Central Florida Research and Education Center
Sanford, Florida

Research Report SAN 90-62- August 1989

Broccoli and Cauliflower Variety Trials, 1989 .

Ivalou Hancik and J. M. White

This report summarizes the evaluations of 41 lines of broccoli and 33 lines
of cauliflower. Entries were evaluated for adaptability to central Florida's
winter/early spring production conditions.

Materials and Methods

The seedbed was sown on January 17, 1989. Seedlings were transplanted to
a Myakka fine sand on February 28, 1989. Six lines of seed (Green Valiant,
Chancellor, NVH 517, NVH 521, Commander, and Emperor) arrived too late to be
included in the initial seedbed. These six entries were started in the
greenhouse on February 22, 1989, moved to a shade house to harden-off on March
1, and transplanted to the field on March 10, 1989.

* Fertilizer and pesticides were applied as suggested in the Extension
Service Control Guide.

A randomized block design with four replications was used with a single-
row plot size of 20' x 2.5' wide and 9.25" in-row spacing. Each line was
harvested when it was judged to be mature; multiple harvests (1-3 for broccoli,
0-3 for cauliflower) were made as needed.

Results and Discussion

Broccoli

Days to first harvest ranged from 59-85 days with most lines ready at 66
or 72 days after transplanting. Early yield ranged from 62-359 crates/acres;
the 359 crate cultivar (Green Valiant) was harvested all at once, 78 days after
transplanting, and as such may not be a true representation of early yield.
Total yield ranged from 67-538 crates per acre; top-yielding varieties included
Pirate, Pinnacle, and Southern Comet. Of these three varieties, Southern Comet
produced the highest percentage of marketable heads (43.7%). On the whole,
marketable percentage ranged from 0-74.6; Arcadia and 87-11 produced the highest
percentage of marketable heads. Large heads were obtained from AMX 15010,
however the bulk of this weight may be attributed to an exceptionally large
stalk.

Cauliflower

Days to first harvest ranged from 50-85 days with most lines ready 78 days
after transplanting. Early yield ranged from 5-704 crates/acre; line 81205 had
an early yield of 565 crates with 77% marketable 72 days after transplanting.

Total yield ranged from 5-828 crates/acre; top-yielding varieties included
Majestic, 81205, and Ravella (Royal-Sluis). Although Majestic looked.good, only
45% of the heads were marketable, whereas 81205 produced 77% marketable heads.
Percent marketable ranged from 0-100. White Satin produced 100% marketable
heads, however total yield was low.

Four lines (ACX 871713, Snow Star, Snowflower, and Sernio 1896-4-SJ) did
not produce any heads and may not be suited to central Florida growing
conditions. Tip burn, a nutritional disorder, was observed on some varieties
and is noted in Table 2.

Yield data and other characteristics rated in this trial are found in Table
1 for broccoli and Table 2 for cauliflower.

Seed Sources

AC Abbott & Cobb, Feasterville, PA
AM Amsa Seed Co., Modesto, CA
AS Asgrow Seed Co. Kalamazoo, MI
AT American Takii, Inc., Salinas, CA
NK Northrup-King Co., Gilroy, CA
PA Park Seed Co., Greenwood, SC
PS Petoseed Co., Inc., Saticoy, CA
RS Royal Sluis, Inc., Enkhuizen, Holland
SA Sakata Seed America, Inc., So. San Francisco, CA
SU Sunseeds, Hollister, CA

**

Packman
86-9
Southern Comet
AMX 15003
Green Top

AMX 15005
AMX 15002
Zeus

59
59
66
66
66

66
66
66

86
84
168
178
252

262
190
96

366
301
484
458
425

399
397
388

0.44
0.47
0.53
0.58
0.63

0.46
0.52
0.54

56.2
47.5
43.7
65.8
29.4

31.1
58.6
48.6

loose head

light green

Table 1. Broccoli Variety Trial Spring 1989, Sanford, FL.

Cultivar
Early Emerald
Early Dawn
NVH 517
V.,-wQ ft1 7
AMX 15008
Green Lady

Hybrid #12
*Commander
Arcadia
87-11

Days toa
Supplier 1st harvest

Early yieldb
(23 Ib crates
per acre)
182
79
159
oaa
143
152

126
124
109
160

Total yieldc
(23 lb crates
per acre)
304
298
232
1 -7Q
362
347

306
369
358
339

Avg. mkt.
wt/head
(Ib)
0.49
0.53
0.50
A r
0.42
0.45

0.64
0.58
0.61
0.57

Total no.
harvests

2
3
2
3
2

%
marketable

47.7
36.0
69.0
01 Q
40.5
52.2

large beads

20.:0
70.7
74.6

*

Wintergarden XPH 5055
Zeus
AMX 15010
Symphony
Emperor

NVH 521
Green Comet

67
152
239
355
309

259
264

NK
AT

67
460
445
405
404

389
372

0.48
0.84
0.92
0.59
0.64

0.72
0.40

33.3
49.1
2.0
31.3
46.5

1.9
3.1

~~~~~~sal beads _

small beads
large stalk

uneven head devel.

Mariner
Vantage
Sunre 8023
59-386
Silvia

Pinnacle
Premium Crop
Green Valiant

PS
SU
SU
AT
SU

AT
AT
NK

300
150
114
159
62

98
197
359

317
312
306
196
184

504
384
359

0.48
0.50
0.52
0.63
0.62

0.83
0.62
0.61

42.6
34.4
16.7
29.4
64.2

7.0
47.8
28.6

uven devel. heads

uneven devel. heads

Table 1. Cont'd.

Cultivar
Sunre 8019
BRO 6
BRO 3-1

86-4

Days toa
Supplier 1st harvest

b

Early yieldb
(23 Ib crates
per acre)

112
132
123

111 ..

Total yield
(23 Ib crates
per acre)

231
147
123

286

Chancellor NK 78 253 253
. IULa.L y.eJ.Ll UUL oULIeu .L.oU aJ.L.L na.LVesus kLjncuues earJ-y yLeJi).

Avg. mkt.
wt/head
(Ib)
0.72
0.70
0.00
8:88
0.60

0.48

Total no.
harvests

marketable
marketable

25.8
26.1
0.0
8:8
44.7

43.1

Notes,~

large beads

uneven leaf head
uneven devel. ads

AMX 15006

166

SLSD 0.05

142.19

358

119.84

0.66

0.34

4.0 leafy head

29.29

aDays from transplanting to harvest.

bEarly yield =-yield obtained during the first harvest of each cultivar.

Cm- A- -i-*- -_-_ ^-1 -_- -11 ---- __ /* _, -_-_?-_ ._-a\

__ ___

**>

Snow King
XPH 5058
Milkyway
ACX 887884
Ravella

Majestic
81205
Snow Crown

50
66
66
66
" 66

147
215
230
259
318

341
565
180

539
566
551
390
318

828
803
550

0.70
1.11
0.95
0.51
0.88

1.12
1.43
1.07

13.3
78.3
60.0
53.6
48.6

45.7
77.2
48.3

ricey

fuzzy

looks good
pointy, very white
tip burn

Table 2. Cauliflower Variety Trial Spring 1989, Sanford, FL.

Cultivar Supplier
Snow Grace,(T-518) AT
Starbrite AC
ACX872722 AC
ACX 888810 AC
Milkyway SA

Days toa
1st harvest

78
78
78
7
72
72

Early yieldb
(23 lb crates
per acre)

512
571
396
428
256

Total yieldc
(23 Ib crates
per acre)

625
571
564
428
417

Avg. mkt.
wt/head
(Ib)
1.06
1.40
1.35
1.06
1.04

Total no.
harvests

2
1
2
1
2

Market-
able

37.7
39.0
77.3
34.7
50.0

Notes ---

tip burn

tip burn

tip burn

RavP 1 n
"Snowmass
85-13
White Stone

GOA.
704
320
199

739
704
320
199

1 94
1.62
1.58
0.98

30 4
10.6
90.0
72.2

tip
tip
tip

burn/ricey
burn
burn

Candid Charm
Silver Streak
Purple Cap
Polaris
White. Rock

(XPH5105)

411
305
80
136
35

JUL

411
305
230
136
35

1906.
ACX 871711

1.65
1.53
0.85
1.52
1.40

1.32
0.00

/Z.O -Lip urn

28.6
85.7
35.7
55.6
66.7

tip burn
purple/unattractive

S 50.0
0.0

Snow Dome
White Diamond
Sunre 5007
White Satin
Everest

AT
SU
SU
NK
SU

ACX 871713 AC 0 0
Snow Star AS 0 0
Snow Flower A- 4 n

0
0
A

0.00
0.00
1.20
1.80
0.00

0.00
0.00
f% ^Mf

0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
0.0

0.00
0.0

tip burn

not adaptable

Table 2. Cont'd.

Early yieldb Total yields Avg. mkt. %
Days toa (23 Ib crates (23 Ib crates wt/head Total no. Market-
Cultivar Supplier 1st harvest Der acre) ner acre) (1h' harv-c e ^. -t-

aDays from transplanting to harvest.

Sernio (1896-4-SJ)

LSD 0.05

v
0

293.30

0

304.97

U. uu
0.00

0.63

u.u
0.0

- 40.26

0

Early yield yield obtained during the first harvest of each cultivar.

CTotal yield obtained from all harvests (includes early yield).