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Editorial | |
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Students tag new school "Calvin... | |
Prairie school, Florida-style | |
A campus that hugs the land | |
Shape as a program solution | |
New river residence | |
Ron Garl, golf course architec... | |
Viewpoint | |
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Copyright
Copyright Front Cover Front Cover 1 Front Cover 2 Table of Contents Page 1 Page 2 Editorial Page 3 Member news Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Legal notes Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 12a Page 12b Page 13 Students tag new school "Calvin Klein High" Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Prairie school, Florida-style Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 A campus that hugs the land Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Shape as a program solution Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 New river residence Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Ron Garl, golf course architect Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Viewpoint Page 47 Page 48 Back Cover Back Cover 1 Back Cover 2 |
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W A A Flo This- publication- is. copyrighted. by- the- Florida. Association. of. the. American. Institute. of- Architects- and- is- an- official- journal- of- the- Association. Limited permission to. digitize- and make this- electronic- version available- has- been- granted- by the. Association- to- the- University- of- Florida- on- behalf- of- the- State- University- System* of F lorida. Use- of- this- version- is- restricted- by. United- States- Copyright- legislation- and- its- fair use- provisions.- Other- uses- may- be- a vi olati on -of- copyright- protect ons. Requests- for- permissions- should- be- directed to- the- Florida- Association- of. the. American- Institute. of- Architects.- Contact- information- is- available- at- the- Association' sweb site. OW, NAI F I-w1 N4I : Winter / Sun America's best window is now better at helping keep your clients warm in January and cool in July. The reason is Andersen" High-Performance insulating glass. A special transparent coating on the inner glass pane works 24 86916 C 1986 Andrenn Corp. hours a day, 365 days a year-in all climates and in all seasons, on all sides of a home-to restrict the flow of radiant heat. That means heat can't readily escape homes in winter. Yet this coating doesn't inhibit direct sunlight from the low winter sun, which is converted into free radiant heat as it strikes objects such as furniture in a room. In summer, High-Performance insulating glass resists the radiant heat generated outdoors as the higher sun strikes driveways, sidewalks and so on. When you specify this revolutionary window, you not only select the latest in glazing technology. You also share in a reputation that Andersen has been carefully building for more than 80 years. For more information on the time-honored Andersen window, now with High-Perfor- mance insulating glass, contact ERe Florida Huttig Sash & Door Company. Orlando Fort Meyers* Clearwater Jacksonville. Come home to quality Apdersen r ij 1 i7 Z"' b CONTENTS Features March/April, 1986 Volume 33, Number 2 Students Tag New School "Calvin Klein High" The Design Arts Group created an exciting new high school in Tampa Vivian Gaither High School. Peter Gottschalk, AIA Prairie School, Florida-Style South Fork High School in Martin County is Ranon, Bentler & Partners' energy-efficient response to the "village concept" in school design. Diane D. Greer A Campus That Hugs The Land At Manatee Community College, Richard G. Allen designs breezy passageways to connect low-slung, ground-hugging buildings. Francine C. DiFilippo Shape As A Program Solution In rural Dade County, Maspons/Goicouria/Estevez creates a "showplace"for clients and the Arabian horses they raise. Diane D. Greer New River Residence On the New River in Fort Lauderdale, architect Don Singer designs a house with "a continuous series of visual surprises." Diane D. Greer Ron Garl, Golf Course Architect A close look at a well-known designer of some famous "links" and how he works with architects. Lillian Morse Departments Florida Architect, Official Journal of the Florida Association of the American In- stitute of Architects, is owned and pub- lished by the Association, a Florida Cor- poration not for profit. ISSN-0015-3907. It is published six times a year at the Executive Office of the Association, 104 East Jefferson St., Tallahassee, Florida 32302. Telephone (904) 222-7590. Opinions expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the FA/AIA. Editorial material may be reprinted only with the express permission of Florida Architect. Single copies, $2.00; Annual subscription, $12.00. Third class postage. Editorial Member News Legal Notes Viewpoint Cover photo of a private Fort Lauderdale residence by Donald Singer Architect P.A. is by Steven Brooke. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 _1_1_- q _ I" ^ ^^^. ;y ;' ;' :. ::` "' ** i Heavy-duty beauty. Mildoor's line of "Nob-Look" tub and shower enclosures. You can choose from six tub enclo- sures and seven shower enclosures. Order polished brite-dipped and anodized silver or antique brass, or Magnacolor acrylic white or black. Or any custom color as an option. Get the full facts about our con- temporary handle, the self-cleaning track, concealed caulking receptor, dual hanger hooks, drip guard, contin- uous hinge, exclusive leveling system and rigid corner construction. We have a four-color specification brochure waiting for you. Send for your copy. mikdoor A Dvision of Miller Industries, Inc 16295 N.W. 13th Ave., Miami, FL 33169-0910 305-621-0501 Florida 1-800-432-3116 National 1-800-446-7628 PRODUCTSTHAT HAVE PASSEDTHETESTOFTIME SIDING GLASS DOORS BATH AND SHOWER ENCLOSURES SLIDING GLASS MIRROR CLOSET DOORS SINGLE-HUNG AND ROLLING WINDOWS i' & EDITORIAL FLORIDA ARCHITECT Florida Association of the American Institute of Architects 104 East Jefferson Street Post Office Box 10388 Tallahassee, Florida 32302 Publisher/Executive Vice President George A. Alien, CAE Editor Diane D. Greer Assistant Publisher Director of Advertising Carolyn Maryland National Sales Representative Lee T. Griffis, Inc. Design and Production Peter Mitchell Associates, Inc. Editorial Board Ivan Johnson, AIA, Chairman Carl Abbott, AIA Stuart L. Bentler, AIA Bill Hegert, AIA John Totty, AIA President James J. Jennewein, AIA 780 Ashley Tower 100 S. Ashley Drive Tampa, Florida 33602 Vice President/President-elect John Barley, AIA P. O. Box 4850 Jacksonville, Florida 32201 Secretary/Treasurer John Ehrig, AIA 2333 E. Bay Drive Suite 221 Clearwater, Florida 33546 Past President Mark Jaroszewicz, FAIA University of Florida College of Architecture 331 Architecture Building Gainesville, Floride 32611 Regional Directors Glenn A. Buff, FAIA 1821 SW 98th Avenue Miami, Florida 33157 Mark Jaroszewicz, FAIA University of Florida College of Architecture 331 Architecture Building Gainesville, Floride 32611 " he Influences of Style on Florida Architecture" is the theme of the Florida I Design Conference '86 to be held this May in Howey-in-the-Hills. The intent of the conference is to assess the impact of classic revival, vernacular, modern and post-modern architecture on the Florida architecture that is being produced today. I assume that the aforementioned styles are familiar to most people, certainly to most architects, although the term "vernacular" seems to cause a few to pause and grope for a definition and there is the ever-present confusion about modernism, post-modernism and its apparent offspring, neo-modernism. The conference should be interesting, and I suspect there'll be a lot of conflicting opinions. All architects are influenced by work that's been done historically or by current work they admire. Why so many architects tense when a label of style is assigned to their work is an interesting question. Perhaps those who refuse to categorize their work view their designs as statements of pure form that have a certain moral force which overrides any known style. Perhaps they just don't like being categorized. Perhaps they don't know. Paul Goldberger, architecture critic of the New York Times, says we'll never again see the rejection of history that was central to modernism's ideology. We will continue to see, instead, more buildings that rely heavily on historical form. As surely as an historical thread wove its way from the Acropolis to Andrea Palladio to Sir Christopher Wren and to Thomas Jefferson, every time we see a building with classical proportions, we are looking at a "style." In terms of ornament and detail, isn't it a current group of post-modernists who borrow heavily from the classicists? Modernism is probably dead, but its grandchild, neo- modernism, is alive and well. This confident new phase in the history of architec- ture is already very visible on the Florida landscape. You can recognize it by its sense of bravado, and as Goldberger says, "its concern more with aesthetics than ethics." "If there is anything that denotes the architecture of our time, modern or post- modern alike," Goldberger says, "it is the concentration on what we might call formal issues, the preoccupation with what things look like as opposed to what they mean." ^^XJ^ ^ <^%^/r Vice President for Professional Society Larry Schneider, AIA 115 Woodland Road Palm Springs, Florida 33461 Vice President for Governmental Relations Lee Ramos, AIA 7000 S.W. 62nd Avenue, Suite 510 Miami, Florida 33143 Vice President for Professional Development Dean Rowe, AIA 777 S. Harbor Island Blvd. Suite 300 Tampa, Florida 33602 Vice President for Public Relations/Communications Don Sackman, AIA 2869 S.W. 27th Avenue Coconut Grove, Florida 33133 General Counsel J. Michael Huey, Esquire Suite 510, Lewis State Bank Post Office Box 1794 Tallahassee, Florida 32302 FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Member News Construction has been com- pleted on the Magnetic Reso- nance Unit M.R.I. at St. Mary's Hospital. The 8,000 s.f. unit, which is the largest and most advanced in the Southeast, was designed by Peacock & Lewis Architects & Planners, Inc. of West Palm Beach. "The architec- tural firm of Miller & Meier & Associates has changed its name to Miller, Meier, Kenyon and Cooper, Architects and Engineers. Craig W. Kenyon, AIA and Rob- ert D. Cooper, AIA, are the new principals in the firm a Barnett + Fronczak Architects with con- sultants The Design Arts Group, Tilden, Lobnitz & Cooper, Inc. and Post, Buckley, Schuh and Jernigan, Consulting Engineers have been awarded the design of the FAMU/FSU Engineering Facility. The 118,000 s.f. facility has a $13 million budget and will contain classrooms, student serv- ices, teaching and research lab- oratories to support the civil, mechanical, electrical, industrial and chemical engineering pro- grams at the two schools. The project is scheduled for comple- tion in September, 1987. . Ronald D. Schwab, principal of Schwab & Twitty Architects, Inc. has been selected a member of the panel of ULI, the Urban Land Institute, one of America's most highly respected and widely quoted sources of information on urban planning, growth and de- velopment. Schwab was selected for his expertise in the design of mixed-use projects for down- town redevelopment. m Ian A. Nestler, AIA, has joined the Coral Gables office of Sasaki Associates, Inc., a planning and design firm, as senior architect. m Sasaki As- sociates, Inc. of Coral Gables will conduct a feasibility study and do a schematic design for the restoration of a venerable Miami Beach Art Deco hotel. The St. Moritz Hotel was built in 1939 and its new owners, Mount Rush- more Associates of Miami, want the building restored for com- mercial use. m Currie Stubbins Schneider Architects AIA, PA, will design Rainberry Bay Club- house II for Rainberry Bay De- velopment Corp. St. Andrews Country Club will be designed by Kenneth Hirsch Associates Archi- tects at Fairway Terrace, a joint venture of Par Four Group, Inc. and Saxoney Builders. a Palm Beach Park of Commerce, the first development approved under the county's new Planned Industrial Park District zoning or- dinance, has received an Award of Excellence from the South Flor- ida Chapter of the National Asso- ciation of Industrial and Office Parks (NAIOP). Urban Design Studio, of West Palm Beach and Stuart, was responsible for cre- ating the land use and long range plans, overall design and obtain- ing the necessary permits for the multiple use project. The City of New Smyrna Beach has se- lected Keith C. Hock, AIA, of Daytona Beach, to design the City Hall addition for adminis- trative offices. Wolfberg/Alva- rez & Associates has opened a branch office in the metropolitan Tampa area. Through its new of- fice in Largo, the firm is extend- ing its services into the highly competitive western and north Florida market. Leandro J. Ona, P.E., is now an associate of Wolfberg/Alvarez & Associates. . GBS Architects, Landscape Ar- chitects, Planners, Inc. has been selected to design and prepare full architectural and landscape plans for the expansion and reno- vation of the golf clubhouse at Turtle Creek Country Club in Tequesta. The 5,000 s.f. expan- sion will include a large dining room and lounge. m Site work re- cently began for the new Delray Beach mixed use project of Wa- terford Place. When completed, the complex, designed by Currie Stubbins Schneider Architects, will have 236 apartments, a 250- room hotel and eight office build- ings. . Rogers, Lovelock & Fritz, Inc. of Winter Park, was recently awarded the contract to design the Social Sciences Building at Rollins College. The project will include classroom and laboratory facilities. The Acura Automo- bile Dealership is under con- struction in West Palm Beach. The 30,000 s.f. facility was de- signed by Anstis Ornstein Asso- ciates Architects & Planners, Inc. and will be complete April 1, 1986. Justus Hellmuth, interna- tionally recognized aviation con- sultant, architect and engineer, has joined Greiner Engineering, Inc. Hellmuth recently directed the master plan study for Brus- sel's National Airport in Belgium. a Anderson Parrish Associates, Inc., an architectural/engineer- ing firm in St. Petersburg, will merge with Havens & Emerson, Inc., an environmental/engineer- ing firm, pending approval by shareholders of both companies. The present principals of Ander- son Parrish will remain in key management roles and the firms' names will continue to be used. . Fugleberg Koch Architects pro- vided design services for three newly completed prison indus- tries facilities in Polk, Volusia and Sumter Counties. The three facilities will be operated by the state-sponsored non-profit cor- poration, PRIDE: Prison Reha- bilitative Industries and Diver- sified Enterprises, Inc., founded by Jack Eckerd. The plants con- sisted of a custom furniture de- sign facility, a vehicle repair and remodeling facility and an electri- ..... .... ~ ~ ... .i AOL A L 'V - 4,Y i. 07-. J'llj ll,>'.-iII1-- FSU/FAMU Engineering Facility by Barnett + Fronczak Architects. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 cal work plant. PRIDE is the first private non-profit corporation in the country that is authorized by a state government to sell items or services manufactured or per- formed by prison inmates. 0 Baldwin Sackman + Associates Architects, Planners and Interior Designers has promoted three people in their firm. David H. Carrington, AIA, is a partner and Pedro Diez, RA, and Alex M. Stur- man, RA, are associates. Studio One, Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture in Winter Park won the Sterling MIRM Award for Best Model Complex Landscaping. Cindy E. Cleary, ASLA, Director of Planning and Landscape Architecture, and August C. Schwartz, ASLA, were responsible for the design and production of the Spring Hill Model Center for Catalina Homes of Orlando. Susan Schuyler Smith, ASID, IBD, was awarded first place in the statewide ASID competition for the restoration of a 25-year-old paint store in West Palm Beach for the corpo- rate headquarters of Spectrum, her interior design firm. Work- ing with Ms. Smith on the proj- ect was Gordon Mock, AIA. m Albert J. Cooper, III and David B. Porterwood are new partners in the Maitland firm of Charlan Brock & Associates. n Schwab & Twitty Architects, Inc. has moved its offices to Northbridge Centre where it will occupy the entire 14th floor of the complex they designed. Slattery & Root, AIA, of Boca Raton designed a new 200-home development for West- bury Homes Corporation. Known as Rainbow Lakes, the commu- nity for single family homes will be in Boynton Beach. Harper Buzinec Carreno Archi- tects/Engineers in Miami designed the expansion and rehabilitation of the existing 11.3-acre island base of the U.S. Coast Guard on Miami Beach. The project, which includes the demolition of many obsolete buildings, is the largest construction project being un- dertaken by the Coast Guard this year. It includes a new 4-story St " qc U The 1939 St. Moritz Hotel on Miami Beach will undergo a restorat on Sasaki Associates' schematic design. housing/health care/food service building and an operational sup- port building for boat and equip- ment maintenance. a Epping Forest, the former home of Alfred I. duPont which was built in 1927, is being devel- oped by Gate Petroleum Co. of Jacksonville. The property em- braces 58 acres and sits on the St. John's River. The duPont mansion will be restored by Jack- sonville architect Ted Pappas, FAIA, for use as a club. The Palm Beach firm of Schwab & Twitty is creating the designs for 140 resi- dences on the site. w a Studio One has received the Renaissance '85 Award from Remodeling magazine and the National Remodelers' Council. The award was presented to the firm for the remodeling of 18 Wall Street in Orlando. Char- lan Brock & Associates will de- sign a medium-density residen- tial project near Wilmington, North Carolina for Structures, Inc. The Fairways at the Cape will be located within The Cape Golf and Racquet Club. m Robert Koch, AIA, was the featured speaker at a seminar on the Flor- ida Mechanics' Lien Law. The seminar was part of an ongoing program conducted by Orlando attorney Donald F. Wright, an ionbased expert on lien law. Richard Allen, AIA, PA, announced the lea^gW9riS^SK Schwab & Twitty's designfor one of the 140 private residences at Epping Forest in Jacksonville. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 organization of an area of spe- cialized services under the name of Architectural Roofing Consul- tants. ARC is the result of Allen's 25 years of experience providing consultation, design and super- vision services about roofing. Norman V. Sharrit will serve as project coordinator. The Holi- day Inn Riverfront in Bradenton, designed by Currie Stubbins Schneider AIA, PA, won the Torchbearer Award given by Holiday Inn International. The five-story hotel was completed in 1985 and was designed in a contemporary Caribbean style. m The Russell Partnership, Inc. has been commissioned to design a new radio therapy facility for the Radiology Department of the V.A. Medical Center in Miami. Construction for the $1.5 million facility is scheduled to begin in the summer of 1986. N Urban Design Studio of West Palm Beach won the State Award of Excellence in the Florida Nur- serymen and Growers Associa- tion 1985 Landscape Awards Program. The firm received the award for their design of Royal Palm Savings in West Palm Beach. Dean Ellis, RA, has been named Architectural De- partment Head and Bill Ramirez has been named Chief Draftsman at Watson and Company in Tam- pa. William Trotter of Spillis Candela & Partners received a "Special Award" and an Educa- tion Commendation from the Mi- ami chapter of the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI). u KBJ Architects, Inc. has been se- lected to design the State Re- gional Service Center in Daytona Beach. Gresham, Smith and Partners has added four new part- ners Gary F. Hunt, professional engineer, George C. Grigg, archi- tect, Paul J. Plummber, architect, and Brackney J. Reed, certified public accountant. The firm has been awarded the contract to pro- duce the documents for construc- tion of two prototypical Albert- son's stores in Port St. Lucie and Pembroke Pines, Florida. Spil- lis Candela & Partners will design Picture color and Sexture in concrete. Then talk to Scofield. The Barbar Center, a new mix- use complex in downtown Boca Raton. Kenneth Hirsch has ap- pointed Lee Kvarnberg to a staff position at Kenneth Hirsch Asso- ciates Architects, Inc. Schwei- zer Incorporated honored co- founder Nils Schweizer, FAIA, at a luncheon attended by friends and long-time business associ- ates. In commemoration of Nils' 25 years of service to the firm, he was presented with a commis- sioned original bronze sculpture V 12 by Florida artist Charles Fager, Professor of Art at the Univer- sity of South Florida. Nils will no longer be associated with the firm on a daily basis, but will ac- tively pursue professional and community activities. m The School of Architecture at Florida A&M presented three prominent developers for its Spring '86 Lecture Series. The speakers are Jack Wilson, Presi- dent of The Wilson Company in Tampa, Preston Haskell, Presi- dent of The Haskell Company in Jacksonville and Robert Davis, President of the Seaside Com- munity Development Corpora- tion in Seaside, Florida. The speakers emphasized the behind- the-scenes workings of the devel- opment process and the keys to achieving a successful project. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 -, . .. LEGALNOTES Professional liability is there legislative relief? by J. Michael Huey Monetary ceiling on noneco- nomic damages, modification of the doctrine of joint and sev- eral liability, increased rate au- thority for the Commissioner of Insurance these are just a few of the "legislative solutions" to the current insurance dilemma which are under discussion in the business, professional, and gov- ernmental communities. Once again, as in the mid-1970's, we are in the midst of an insurance crisis. Only this time, it's worse. While architects and others suf- fered increased insurance pre- miums in the 1970's, doctors bore the brunt of the crisis. This time, the suffering insureds include architects, accountants, doctors, municipalities, big business and, yes, even lawyers. The "suffer- ing" ranges from premium in- creases of 100 percent to 900 per- cent for some to lack of insur- ance coverage for others. Some specialty medicine groups are experiencing 100 percent or greater premium in- creases this year in spite of dra- matic yearly increases since the last crisis. Lawyers, accoun- tants, and architects are experi- encing 300 percent to 900 percent premium increases. Municipali- ties are experiencing 300 percent to 1,000 percent increases. Cor- porations, such as Florida Power and Light, are reportedly pay- ing double or triple the premium for less than one-half the insur- ance coverage of a year ago. And the list goes on, and on. No wonder we are seeing the estab- lishment of professional associa- tion and industry task forces on liability nationwide, including FA/AIA's Professional Liabil- ity Task Force, PES's Liability Task Force, Project Civil Re- form, Inc., and others. Many of these task forces and coalitions are actively seeking changes in our federal and state laws to combat the insurance crisis. The focus of Florida's medical doctors, headed by the Florida Medical Association, is to place a ceiling of $250,000 on damages which may be awarded an injured party for pain and suf- fering (noneconomic damages). This measure, they contend, will substantially reduce jury awards and out-of-court settlements, thereby reducing insurance pre- miums. They point to California, which has such a law, where mal- practice premiums are signifi- cantly lower than Florida. The California law has just recently been upheld by the California Su- preme Court and the Federal Cir- cuit Court of Appeals. The doc- tors face an uphill battle on this issue, but they seem to have re- gained momentum after Florida's Supreme Court struck down the FMA's tort reform constitutional amendment attempt. The remainder of the profes- sional and business community has concentrated primarily on modification of the doctrine of joint and several liability. This doctrine presently allows an in- jured party to recover his entire damages from any of the defen- dants in a suit regardless of the percentage fault of a particular defendant. Florida's House of Representatives passed a bill lim- iting this doctrine last year, but no action was taken in the Senate. The Legislature appears to be in a mood to make some modifica- tions to this doctrine in 1986. Any change should benefit architects as they are often included in suits because of the possibility of a slight degree of negligence on their part. One of the more interesting proposals which should be con- sidered by the Florida Legisla- ture in 1986 pertains directly to design professionals. This pro- posal, adopted in Kansas and Oklahoma, would limit the liabil- ity of design professionals for job site injuries compensable under the Worker's Compensation Law. In Florida, such a law would ben- efit architects, engineers, land- scape architects, and land sur- veyors by limiting the nuisance suits filed by injured construc- tion workers after they have col- lected their worker's compensa- tion benefits. As the 1986 Legislative Ses- sion approaches (it commences in April), these and other pro- posals will be reviewed. The suc- cess or failure of these legislative attempts will be in direct propor- tion to the effort of the profes- sions and business to persuade legislators that the crisis is real and relief is absolutely neces- sary. While legislative relief is not a total answer, it is a begin- ning a sign that our system must be rebalanced and realigned to achieve justice. J. Michael Huey is General Counsel to the FA/AIA. He is a partner in the firm ofAkerman Senterfitt & Eidson, Tallahassee. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Over 50 000 Items in Stock Rush Delivery Via UPS Call Florida Toll Free Number 1-800-432-3360 T-SQUARE MIAMI 998 W. Flagler Street/Miami, FL 33130/(305) 379-4501 415 N.E. Third StJFt. Lauderdale, FL 33301/(305) 763-4211 AUTHORIZED DEALER I Coquina Shell for: SArchitectural Precast Concrete Coquina Stucco Shell Epoxy Decks Scallop and Oyster Shell Also Available s .Smmoont A E VENTURES P.O. Box 4173 St. Augustine, FL 32085 S (904) 824-5886 No other roof matches Gor\ for enduring beauty. or adds as much value per dollar. Color-Through: Our tile isn't just top-coated. It's solid color from top to bottom. Color-Blend: \\ e gi% you up l to 4 'co lrs blended on a roof. nol just I color of tile flash coaled. Color Choice: \\e otter .75 colors plus It1 litres. In a choice of 1al or cur' d tiles. Uorjs Roof Tile 901 N\..51 '8th( I. I. Lauderdale. H'. 33309* (Call 'oll-Free: 800 223- I11 .E In Florida. Toll-F ree: 800 43-12021 - ~ ~--- - ' <^ vr:l*. E~.~5 ~ ~a;S -, -r&'Y "r;4~ ~rYI. . ARCHITECTURE 87 ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY ERIC OXENDORF represented by JIM CUNEO 813-848-8931 Cirt I l 44 on Rednpr Inqulr Crd Fri FUTURE +FANTASY For more information about Kohler Plumbing Products see these Kohler distributors: Lawrence Plumbing Supply Company 31 S.W. 57th Avenue Miami, Florida 33144 (305) 266-1571 405 N. Flagler Avenue Homestead, Florida 33030 (305) 248-7020 8940 S.W. 129th Terrace Miami, FL 33176 (305) 251-7022 5700 W. Flagler St. Miami, FL 33144 (305) 266-3338 Circle 6 on Reader Inquiry Card il ifllI A A I'll ITIi 'T March/Anril IQMO 7 - --7 ----- r 3-- --3- _ *otntl Wo-oo' fodn fir doora s no prvd a w-. D co pl wit crti al auldn coades an stl alo yo to -g you buldn to alook. an aucto th wa yo I .17 CAL W O TL FE 1 ( WO-DO DEIALER FOR A WO-ORFIEUR, RTCI BUIDING DESIGN. LEGALNOTES 1987 Legislative Issues by J. Michael Huey T he 1987 Florida Legislature is already gearing up for the onset of the Regular Session on April 7, 1987. To date, there have been approximately 200 House and Senate Bills pre-filed and the new legislative commit- tees have been meeting on a reg- ular basis since the beginning of December. Although 1986 was known as the year for tort and insurance reform, we anticipate that 1987 will be considered more appropriately as the "year of the tax." In addition to legislative efforts to generate revenue, we will also face several other fa- miliar issues which will impact the architectural profession. At present the FA/AIA is paying close attention to four major is- sues as outlined below: Sales Tax on Professional Services During the 1986 Session of the Legislature, House Bill 1307 was passed which repealed the sales tax exemption for professional services, effective July 1, 1987. It is estimated that the repeal of exemptions on architectural, engineering and surveying ser- vices alone will produce $118.3 million in new taxes. Legislative leaders are now scrutinizing this year's repealer bill to determine whether or not some of the exemptions should be retained. An estimated total of $1.3 billion in revenue will be generated if no action is taken during the 1987 session. If the exemptions are kept in place, however, where will Florida look for badly needed revenue? According to the Statewide Comprehensive Plan Commit- tee, Florida's current tax struc- ture will not generate sufficient state revenues in the future to finance the needs of our growing state. As a matter of fact, the committee recently reported that Florida is facing $58 billion worth of needs throughout the next decade. According to the committee, if legislators fail to repeal the sales tax exemptions they will eventually have to con- sider a gross receipts tax on bus- iness or personal income tax. The committee's recommendations are based on conservative con- clusions that the state will need $39.9 billion through 1995 and lo- cal governments will need $17.9 billion through the next century to implement the Statewide Com- prehensive Plan. The question remains, how- ever, whether or not architec- tural services should be taxed. Furthermore, if the exemption is repealed, how should this tax be administered and "passed- through?" The House and Senate Finance and Taxation Committees are currently reviewing criteria for each sales tax exemption includ- ing impact of the exemption as well as the impact of the tax on service entities. Accordingly, FA/AIA is try- ing to answer questions such as: 1. What is the basic rationale for exemption of architectural services from sales tax? 2. Does the exemption pro- mote the retention of jobs in the state or the expansion of archi- tectural firms in the state? 3. Does the exemption serve the purpose of treating architec- tural firms and other businesses within the state fairly? 4. Does the exemption allow Florida architectural firms to compete favorably with out-of- state businesses? 5. Does the exemption provide incentive for Florida architec- tural graduates to practice in Florida? 6. Does the exemption pro- mote the practice of architecture and other businesses which are vital to the local economy? 7. Are the reasons for grant- ing the exemptions still valid? Licensure of Interior Designers The FA/AIA will be busy this Legislative Session in efforts to defeat legislation providing for licensure of interior designers. The Department of Professional Regulation has indicated that the interior designers are plan- ning to file a bill that would es- tablish a licensure program and regulatory board for the interior design profession. The FA/AIA continues to question the intent of licensure of interior designers and will continue to closely moni- tor pre-filed legislation that may impact this issue. Statute of Limitations Architects, engineers and con- tractors currently have a fifteen- year cap on suits for design and construction negligence. The Florida Supreme Court recently upheld the products liability sta- tutory cap which was attacked as unconstitutional. That decision gave design professionals and contractors hope that our high- est state court recognizes the validity of a maximum time per- iod of exposure. The FA/AIA must now con- sider if legislation is necessary to lower this cap and, if so, the necessary course of action to be taken. Uniform Building Codes Following the 1986 Legislative Session, Governor Graham, with the support of Tom Lewis, AIA, Secretary of the Department of Community Affairs, appointed a special task force to study the problem of the multiplicity of codes and standards which affect the building industry in Florida. Legislative action on this issue may depend greatly on the re- sults of the task force report, due in March, 1987. Keeping in mind the historical battle waged against the Florida League of Cities on this issue, the FA/AIA may not wish to take a lead in pushing revisions in this controversial area during 1987 (Governor Bob Martinez is a for- mer President of the Florida League of Cities). Another is- sue, however, has recently sur- faced which may help set a pre- cedent for future attempts to standardize building codes. Following the 1986 Legisla- tive Session, the Department of Community Affairs established an ad hoc committee under the Bureau of Housing and Com- munity Development to make recommendations for revisions to Chapter 553, Part V, Florida Statutes (Accessibility by Hand- icapped Persons). Current state law regarding handicapped codes is primarily based on 1961 Amer- ican National Standards Insti- tute, ("ANSI"), guidelines. During 1986, the ANSI Acces- sibility Standards were revised and the objective of the ad hoc committee was to review these changes and determine the ex- tent to which Florida should adopt the ANSI revisions. Following over two months of biweekly meetings, the commit- tee has now prepared draft leg- islation which, although tailored after the ANSI standards, pro- poses several modifications. Of major importance to the FA/ AIA, however, is the intent of this legislation to limit the cities' authority to impose more strin- gent codes and an additional pro- vision which grants the Florida Board of Building Codes and Standards "final administrative interpreting authority." The FA/AIA remains supportive of provisions which limit local gov- ernmental authority over the im- plementation of building codes. J. Michae Huey is Generml Coun- sel to the FA/AIA. He is a part- ner in the Tallahassee lawufirin of Huey, Guilday, Knersteiner & Tucker, P.A. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1987 SPREMIX-MARBLETITE Manufacturing Co. Serving the building industry since 1955. STUCCO, PLASTER, DRYWALL AND POOL PRODUCTS SOLD BY LEADING BUILDING MATERIALS DEALERS For specifications and color chart refer to SWEET'S CATALOG 9.10/Pr 3009 N.W. 75th Ave. e Miami, FL 33122 Oviedo & Sanford Rd. Orlando, FL 32707 Miami Orlando (305) 592-5000 (305) 327-0830 (800) 432-5097 -Fla. Watts- (800) 432-5539 MANUFACTURERS OF: * MARBLETITE (All Marble) Stucco * MARBLECRETE Trowel Stucco * POOLCOTE Swimming Pool Stucco * FLO SPRAY Ceiling Spray * CEMCOTE Cement Paint * FLOTEX Wall Spray * ACOUSTICOTE Acoustical Plaster * WONCOTE Veneer Plaster * P.V.L Vinyl Ceiling Spray * ACOUSTEX Ceiling Spray * BEDDINGCOTE For Rock Dash * SNOWFLAKE Ceiling Spray AND OTHER BUILDING PRODUCTS An Imperial Industries Company For ASSURED QUALITY concrete projects Assure the concrete advantages you are paying for. STRENGTH LONG LIFE LOW MAINTENANCE GOOD LOOKS Use an approved concrete testing laboratory. The firms listed below are approved for 1986 by the Engineering Laboratories Forum and the Florida O APPROVED Concrete & Products Association Joint Technical \ CONCRETE Committee Inc. as meeting the requirements of \ TESTING ASTM-E329 standards. LABORATORY pa A & E tesitng irnc St PeWWourg Arnrefion Tsti.ng LOa InC -riando Art30r.lan k ArccCTret Ine Banow Ardaman & ASsocaot% i!nc Cocoa A"rdomon & A iicaetr Inc Fr MVver araaman & tsoc-aes, Inc 'rianao Ardonan & Associmes inC Wera Beach adman& A cssares mnc Sarasota Araamanr B kstocicre,, Inc 7otiohahsee 41&8 Ccnsultant-, inc Lakelonl AI&E C.or.t..rtants Inc fampa blomwei & Corner Inc Lokgeiari C ir.Irre TH LIt) Cuioimar E01 'i 1r.dutClas Lobc-ratory Tompa lorida Tesing & Enlnee ng FP oauaerdale Joclsonville Engineering &V Tesng Co JacKsonrliU Jormal & Asscioces. Inc Ormond Beacn Jammal & Associate Inc Tampa Jommal & Assoctales~ I Wn Msi Rail Beacn jamrnml & Assodates, he Win"lr Prk Keith & Schos. PA Ft Itudex die Law Englneerng Testing Co lake Buena vsrlo tow Engineering Tessng Co. Miamrn Pitisburgh Isting Lah JocklOtalie Pittsburgh Testing toa Miami Pittsurgh Tesing Lob 5Mrasoa Ptisburgh leasing tb Tampa Pittsburgh Tesaln lab West Plm Beocn Proessonr. Service - nduslrie. Inc Sorosoro lQuailv Assurance Tes1,na Lob Saraora Sil & IMatieni Engineers inc Altarnonie '.p.r.gs Soil & Maerial Engineers Deerrieid Beacn Scil 8& .4lerial Engineers Tarrmc test o3 inc Tamrn universal Ergineering Testing Co irc Goir.e.nlle lnri.ersal Engrneer.ng g esting Co inc Crlinac. W.iamrnS & Associates inc Clearwaoie wingerre lesting Labciatonr FI Mve'~ Wngerter Laboratories Inc FcnIrth MiamiPl For information on quality concrete or concrete testing write or call ELF/FC&PA JOINT TECHNICAL COMMITTEE, INC. 649 VASSAR STREET ORLANDO, FLORIDA 32804 305/423-8279 THE BOLD LOOK OFKOHLER In the world of Kohler, form and function emerge triumphant. Here, the Flair IIM Faucet in cast brass, a tribute to Kohler imagination. Available in polished brass and chrome to suit any decorating scheme. For more d_-tails see the Yellow Pages, or send $2 for a color catalog to Kohler Co., Dept. AE4, Kohler, Wisconsin 53044. C 528 Capv~qh i 1085 A o4er Cs For more information about Kohler Plumbing Products see these Kohler distributors: Lawrence Plumbing Supply Company 31 S.W. 57th Avenue Miami, Florida 33144 (305) 266-1571 405 N. Flagler Avenue Homestead, Florida 33030 (305) 248-7020 8940 S.W. 129th Terrace Miami, FL 33176 (305) 251-7022 Right Place. Right Time. Right "Bottom Line." Measure nothing but cost. and Northbridge Centre is competitive Measure image, environment and futures and Northbridge Centre is clearly in a class of its own Consider: * Profitable lease equity plan ,II .l ri ma or space users to share in the cash flow appreciation and tax bncefits * Charter Tenant adv l i ,i. available tor tenants of as little a, I ()()n ( square ek et Free undercover parking Add: * Views ~t the Atlanitl Ocean andj Intracoastal Wattcrway * Elegant and informal restaurants banking andi shops * -.' II :I .' a access, * )n-isitc k)wnter/mr mltgtemenl]t Northbridge Centre I: NOW READY FOR OCCUPANCY The question is-NOT can you .ilI- r, I to, but can you afford NOT to? NORTHBRIDGE CENTRE I 515 North Flagler Drive. West Palm Beach. Florida For information call Hamilton & Associates-(3051 832-6043 SOUTHERN GAS ASSOCIATION TO MEET APRIL 20-22 IN DALLAS The Southern Gas Association, an organization of gas companies through- out the southern states, will hold its 1986 convention at the Loews Anatole Hotel in Dallas, TX, April 20-22. The changes and progress in the natural gas industry will be the theme of this year's convention. Speakers include: Dr. John McLaughlin, McLaughlin Group, James E. Tyree, Chairman of the Board of the SGA, Roger Taylor, Vice President of Salomon Brothers, and Dr. John McKetta, University of Texas. FLORII)A ARCHITECT March/Apil 1986 Students tag new school "Calvin Klein High" Vivian Gaither Senior High School, Tampa Architect: The Design Arts Group, Inc. Design Studio Director: Peter Gottschalk, AIA Project Manager: Dennis Wm. Hughes, AIA Project Team: Doug Mann, Ron Harden, Boozer Payne, CSI Contractor: Metric Construc- tors, Inc. Owner: Hillsborough County School Board FIORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Georere Cott. FLORIDA ARCHITECT arch/April 1986 L As anyone who has worked with it knows, Florida Edu- cational Facilities Regulation 6A-2 represents a significant de- sign restraint. One aspect of 6A-2, the requirement for natu- ral light and ventilation in each classroom, typically generates some variation in the familiar, sprawling, finger plan. That re- quirement was lifted for an in- terim period including the design phase of Vivian Gaither Senior High School in Tampa. And that, together with the School Board's decision to accept a two-story structure, afforded The Design Arts Group a unique opportu- nity to design an efficient school building. There are two blocks of class- rooms on a pair of double-loaded corridors backing up to one an- other. Between them, literally as the focus of the classroom fa- cilities is the media center. This compact block constitutes the academic "wing," so to speak, and occupies only a fraction of the site required for a conven- tional plan. A second design theme, en- ergy efficiency, directed the ori- entation of the academic wing on the site. Those classrooms af- forded natural light are oriented north and south, with south fac- ing sunscreens. Major exterior east-west walls are masonry cav- ity walls punctuated by windows primarily in common spaces. The nature of circulation and other common spaces represents a third major design objective, also related to 6A-2, which se- verely limits the percentage of space which may be devoted to non-net assignable use. The de- signers believed that in a high school, where students move from class to class, the quality of common space represents a ma- jor component of the quality of life in the building. Their response was to maximize views along cir- culation paths to the outdoors and into other important spaces such as the media center and cafeteria. In fact, the cafeteria, lobby and entrance are combined into a mall 4 8 e l Above: Cafeteria and l Photo by George Cott. 6 .re ^ ^ ^ <, ^.-^ ---51' (;r ^^ i ? *la j~i. E, i -T eft, site plan. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 ii '.**-" I I -nr-'l :, ,..4 ,, . II A. ..' ]. l4: , linking the academic wing with the other major block of space consisting of the gymnasium and auditorium. On the exterior, the two class- room blocks and the gymnasium/ auditorium block present three windowless masses to the prin- cipal street front, Dale Mabry Highway. To give those rela- tively huge masses a comprehen- sible scale and pattern, they were broken down into a rhyth- mic series of curved and recti- i ; linear forms interrupted by glass i :'iil surfaces. The curved forms are accentuated by ribbed block in contrast to the split-face surface on the rectilinear forms. The structure appears to be well received by both the public and the users alike. That, and the fact that it was delivered on time and under budget, no doubt con- tributed to the School Board's decision to ask Design Arts to do an adaptation of the design for a site in South Brandon. Peter Gottschalk The author was Design Studio Director for this project. Auditorium. Photo by George Cott. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Prairie school, Florida-style South Fork High School Martin County, Florida Architect: Ranon, Bentler & Partners, Inc., Architects Civil Engineer: Montgomery Associates Structural Engineer: Brink Associates Mechanical/Electrical Engineers: Tanase & Associates Landscape Architects: Thomas Shepard Associates Interior Designs: Ranon, Bentler & Partners, Inc., Architects On a rural and re-l,ti% vl. rmi-. t- site in Martin County, Ranon, Bentler's problem was to design a high school for approximately 2,000 students, with Phase I pro- viding for approximately half that number. The client wanted a "-h, 'l'l' ig center" 1,rgatnrI.,- tional concept with energy-effi- cient buildings. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 The design which finally evolved allows the school build- ings to participate with the prai- rie site. The building nestles against the more densely popu- lated wooded areas and opens the exterior mall concourse to views of the natural environ- ment. Conversely, hard edges, including parking bus loops and service drives are located in the sparsely vegetated areas to the west and north. The school building is organ- ized to imply the scale of a vil- lage square with the natural vegetation forming a portion of the enclosure. The design intent is to allow the pine and palmetto to infill this open space over time. The design response to energy conservation is utilization of an open, shaded student concourse instead of the enclosed, condi- tioned mall first envisioned by the client. The concourse addi- tionally provides a shaded micro- climate adjacent to conditioned spaces. Classrooms and ancil- lary functions are grouped to present less surface area to out- side air temperatures. Corridors are conditioned with secondary air released from instructional spaces during class changes. The corridors are provided with high operating windows. The windows serve to pass day- light into the circulation areas and offer some visual release to the users. Additionally, the win- dows are a major component of a supplementary mechanical ven- tilation system. The school is de- signed to allow energy conserva- tion during periods of favorable climate and can remain opera- tional in the event that mechani- cal cooling cannot be supplied due to energy shortages. The windows are typically oriented to the north and east to minimize additional heat gain. Windows Photos by George Cott. FIORII)A ARCHITECT March/April 1986 are provided within the media center, administrative offices, dining area and kitchen. All "store front" activities are pro- vided with sliding windows to serve the supplementary venti- lation system. Solar water heat- ing serves the physical education and kitchen spaces. The mechanical cooling/heat- ing/ventilation system provides a range of flexibility which allows the optimum balance of energy efficiency and human comfort to occur during seasonal variations. The system is monitored and op- erated by computer and can be manually controlled at the discre- tion of the operator. The build- ing is divided into several envir- onmental zones enabling portions to receive mechanical heating or cooling while others receive only ventilation. DianeD. Greer FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 A campus that hugs the landscape Manatee Community College South Campus Venice Architect: Richard G. Allen, AIA Civil Engineer: Bennett & Bishop Structural Engineer: Olsen-White, Inc. Mechanical Engineer: Cadwallader Electrical Engineer: Cadwallader Construction Management: Barton-Malow Southern, Inc. Right: Lakeside view of admin- istration building. Below: Adminis- tration and Computer Science Build- ing. Library will be constructed in foreground. Photos by C. R. Erickson. The Board of Trustees of the Manatee Community College asked Richard G. Allen, AIA, to devise a plan for their new cam- pus in Venice. Allen was princi- pal architect for the school's Bradenton campus. As with most publicly funded buildings, there were inherent concerns regarding costs and materials. Six years elapsed be- tween the time the initial budget proposal was submitted and the first allocation was approved by the State. During that time, many factors, including infla- tion, came into play and the project required a great deal of careful planning and close moni- toring to stay within the budget. Working with an outdated budget was the biggest challenge to Allen's creativity. The proj- ect was funded for $6,125,000, an amount that was to cover the cost of land acquisition, site work and the design and construction of the buildings. The decision to build the cam- pus in phases so as to take advan- tage of partial funding has en- abled the new campus to make the best use of its resources. Phase I consists of the Adminis- tration Building, a computer sci- ence facility, the science building and the Student Center. Class- room space is a component of each of these buildings. Allen had already designed over a dozen educationally- related projects and after survey- ing other community colleges around the state, he decided that something different was needed at the Venice campus some- thing that took the site and the climate into consideration and expressed a relationship with the area. A lake existed on the property and it was around this lake that he established a concept for the campus. With an intimate spac- ing between buildings that were designed for the Florida environ- FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 ;9. 37~~ ment, costs were also reduced. Dramatic sloping roofs of varying pitch with overhangs averaging eight feet or more produced the net result of shaded walks and breezy sheltered passageways between buildings. This "village" concept has met with great approval from stu- dents, faculty and staff. Phase I was completed on time and was ready for class meetings in June, 1985. That same month funding approval by the legislature al- lowed groundbreaking for the new library to take place in November, 1985. There are nine- teen buildings planned for the future. Francine C. D, 'V/.pI.. The author is a writer living in Sarasota. Opposite page shows a detail of the Science Building. This page, plan of Learning Resources Center and photos of Administration Building. Photos by C. R. Erickson. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Shape as a program solution The Knapp Residence Dade County, Florida Architect: Maspons/Goicouria/ Estevez, P.A. Principal-in-Charge: Eric Maspons, AIA Project Designer: Rolando Conesa, AIA Engineer: Gomez-Pina Engineering, P.A. Owner: Barry and Maria Knapp Contractor: RPA Construction Corp. On a five-acre site in southern Dade County, the Knapp House is an architectural re- sponse to a number of specific requirements. First and fore- most, aside from wanting a home, the clients wanted the residence to symbolically reflect their business interest, the breeding and selling of Arabian stallions. The large rectangular lot is in an area of generally small home- steads with single family resi- dences. The Knapp property is bordered by rows of tropical mamey trees on its perimeter and it is basically flat and grassy in the middle. The location of the house on the lot evolved from programmatic needs. The house is positioned on the center front of the property with the horse training area to the north, graz- ing pasture to the south and sta- bles to the east. The property is entered from the west. The unique massing and shape of the house gives it great "force." The client's fascination with round structures also helped in the development of the house AnJ4; .jf74L Architect's rendering of plan and na in! elevations. Opp ,itE ipage I,. top: View ofthe port cohere where horses (tre shown and below, proxrimity ofgrazing area to the house. Photos courtesy of the architect. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April1986 plan and later became a solution to one of the main requirements. The program for the house consisted of basic residential re- quirements along with a series of more complicated functional relationships derived from the intended use of the house. The ability to show the horses, for business or pleasure, was a prime criteria. The ability to see the horses from different areas at different times of the day, while maintaining privacy, was another challenge. The architectural response to these and other climatic criteria evolved a semi-circular house, based on a superimposed twenty S1 foot radius module. This circle is depicted in the living area and ;. -carried through the foyer and dining area by the use of low cur- S L vilinear walls and ceiling soffits. The quarter circle module is where the bedroom wings are derived from and break beyond the circle. The introduction of a ten-foot wide sweeping arcade, stemming from the porte cochere Around the living room, through the main intersecting body of the house and finally free standing FLO)RIDA ARCHITECT MmrchlApri1986 on the east side facing the sta- bles, served as the means of solv- mg many program requirements. First, the arcade provides shade to the living room which faces south and it also serves as an ex- tension of the living room when the French doors are opened. During social functions, a sweep- ing view of the horses at pasture is provided. At the same time, the arcade serves as a covered promenade from the main en- trance of the house to the free standing extension, where re- freshments are served at the time of showing the horses. This can be done without interrupting the family routine inside the house. At the center of the site, the Knapp House was designed to be viewed from different angles, changing in configuration as it responds to function and climatic criteria. The exterior of the house incorporates the use of local tech- nology and materials and at- tempts visually to recall a west- ern vernacular transformed into modern imagery. Top photo, West elevation and lower photo, porte cochere interior. Photos by Patti Fisher. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 /i/t ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/, You'll Never Match Natural Gas! A smart builder is always looking for ways to improve the bottom line. It's time you took a close look at building with natural gas appliances. Profits Sear! Builders who already use-gas appliances know natural gas helps homes sell faster, and when your homes sell faster, your prof- its get hot. Bit Ye. Pay No More. Because of attractive allowances and incentive programs* offered by some gas companies, natural gas appliance installations cost little more than electric. Get the facts from your local Natural Gas Company You'll find natural gas is available to a greater number of developments than ever before, with supplies that will last long into the future. Today's technologies make natu- ral gas appliances convenient to use and highly efficient. Natural gas appliances can cut the cost of home heating, water hearing and cooking by as much as 50%! Is it any wonder homeowners prefer natural gas? For more delaItl information about how you can make the switch to natural gas, call your local Gas Company or write: FNGA, P.O. Box 2562, Tampa, Florida, 33601. There is no match for natural gas when it comes to making the homes you build stand out against all the competition. FNGA F ornda Natural Gas Associatio 'A1 wanc s adl iiire rrs L,, 3ei, ccn,~~a iileI U,,!ril rd l h ~i SNew River residence Private Residence Fort Lauderdale Architect: Donald Singer. Architect* P. A. Structural Engineer: DeZarraga Donnell & Duquesne Contractor: John R. Elwell Construction Co. :.. Landscape Architect: Ted Baker In 1932, the brilliant photogra- pher Edward Weston said that .. "form that is beautiful is so be- cause its function is the ultimate. expression of potentiality." .. This private residence by Donald Singer grew from a con- cept based on the paradoxical aspects of private living on a public waterway. The design resolution is based on strong hierarchical arrangements of space and its beauty is in its form and its function. This house was planned at the edge of a 4.5 acre site along New River in Fort Lauderdale. It is a protective enclosure isolating the garden for the private use of the client while affording controlled views of the public waterway. Beginning with the idea of waterside functions (entertain- ing room, study, dining room and master sleeping room) and landside functions (entry, kit- chen-breakfast, children's sleep- ing rooms and help's quarters), the plan was created along two major axes intended to provide framed views of the waterway and a third to provide vertical movement between levels. The placement of openings allows the sense of privacy to be maintained. Exterior views and details show the building's form both inside and out. Photos by Steven Brooke. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/Apri1986 31 The master study on the ground floor and the bedroom on the upper floor are organized at the core of the plan, which im- mediately established order. The circular shape at the center of the house represents the still- point around which all of the other functions of the house re- volve. The circle is "prlttcted" by the rectangle and the indi- vidual is a part of the greater "whole." The stair at the core allows ac- cess to the roof and to the circle. The house thus becomes an ob- ject to be seen from below, above and around. It is a participatory space and a viewing place. Earth colored block was used for all structures. The residence was designed for Mr. and Mrs. Howard Brody, a young enthusiastic couple with whom the architect established a good working relationship. Unfortunately, Howard Brody never spent one day in the house. In June, 1985, the Drug Enforce- ment Administration confiscated the property and it was sold at auction to a developer. The house is a continuing se- ries of visual surprises and is, in the architect's words, "erotic." "I would love to live in it myself," Singr ay-. Previous pages, left: Vieu into din- ing room, right, ,iei from master bedroom looking toward stair. Inset is of bath room detail showing glass block shower stall. Photos by Steven Brooke. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Ron Garl, golf course architect Florida ... home of the leisure lifestyle and country club communities. What better place in which to build the reputation of a golf course architect than here in a place where golf is one of the leading leisure activities of people of all ages and both sexes? Ron Garl is just such an archi- tect. He is ranked among the top five golf course architects in the world and unlike other course designers, he holds a degree in horticulture and turf grass. He was the first student to receive a full scholarship from the Florida State Golf Association to study golf course architecture at the University of Florida. After graduation, he apprenticed with Robert Trent Jones and Joe Lee and to date, the 40-year- old Garl has designed over 100 golf courses nationwide, includ- ing the prestigious Fiddlesticks Country Club course in Ft. Myers, the golf course at Heath- row in Lake Mary and the new 18-hole course at the Palm Beach Polo and Country Club. Garl spends a lot of time up front searching for a concept which will fit the property, the needs of the development and the people who will play the course. In the design process, the game of golf has to be de- fended and, according to Garl, "it takes guts to tell a developer when he's wrong." I t Traffic patterns associated with golf courses are studied such as where to place the bag drops, the flow of people to and from the clubhouse, staging areas for tournaments and par- ticularly, where to put the pro shop. Pro shops should offer a view of the first and tenth tees to keep control on the number and pace of golfers. The clubhouse is the main focus of Garl's golf course de- signs and it is here that he works closely with the building archi- tect on the orientation of the building allowing for vistas from the dining room, lounges and pro shop, while meeting the functional needs of the golfers. Garl considers every project a different kind of challenge. The clubhouse design should be based on the priorities of the owners and/or developers of the club. For example, if the number one priority is attracting golfing members, then the men's locker room design would be of para- mount importance to the archi- tect. Its layout, size and comfort is a major concern to prospective golf course users. However, if the clubhouse is used as a sales tool for real estate development, then the lobby has a high priority. Its decor and im- mediate access to the sales cen- ter, as well as its potential as a social center, should be the main focus of the design. //-'^ . Garl also has a keen mind for incorporating innovative golf course designs with revenue- producing ideas. His concept of "cloverleafing" has been extreme- ly successful at places like Golf Hammock in Sebring and Fair- way Oaks, home of the $400,000 PGA Classic in Abilene, Texas. Cloverleafing creates four or five holes in a loop that starts and ends at the clubhouse. It allows for two tees on each nine holes near the clubhouse, a measure that can generate additional in- come because it enables more players to start faster. Clover- leafing also brings golfers repeat- edly back to the clubhouse where they can buy a drink and use the facilities. When it comes to the length of holes, Garl believes that less is often more. A finessed iron shot to an undulating green can be as much of a test as a 230-yard shot. He believes that the longest dis- tance on a golf course is the six inches between a player's ears. More often than not, develop- ers consult with Garl prior to se- lecting a building architect. Many times it is Garl who recommends a particular architect for a project in which he will be designing the golf course. For developers, a golf course can mean money in the bank because of the real es- tate value it creates, and in many cases they rely on Garl as a con- sultant on potential architects to help create the first class golf course community they seek. Garl's singular ambition is to become the Frank Lloyd Wright of golf course architecture. His exclusive designs are increasingly obvious in a variety of country clubs and residential communi- ties throughout Florida. With his high design and ecological stan- dards, as well as his capabilities of satisfying architects and de- velopers, Garl is well on his way. Lillian Morse The author is afreelance writer who specializes in writing about the outdoors and interesting personalities. Top: Garl's Scottish links-style de- sign at the Palm Beach Polo and Country Club's new golf course combines the strategic characteris- tics of the historic courses with American terrain. Above: Fiddle- sticks Country Club (architects: Reynolds, Smith & Hills, Jackson- ville) is one of the most challenging courses designed by Ron Garl. The clubhouse is strategically located to face the waterways and the famous 9th tee. The rendering at left shows Pre- stancia in Sarasota (architects: Corbin, Y-i r..t.r i; a1"' Partners, Ft. Lauderdale) which is currently under construction. Both building and golf course architecture work together in the design of this new TPC course. FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 BEAUTY IN BLOCK Architectural Masonry Units 'nIH" *. 1111 -- I ,, :il )b; Forthe fine homes of the world F~3 t! S II vim -u I.~ hr -I p..' - poggenpohl The ultimate in kitchen and bath cabinetry Please contact your nearest dealership for complimentary brochures and information on design services available. The Ultimate Kitchen. Inc. 914 South Orlando Avenue Winter Park, Florida 32789 (305) 628-4985 Kitchen Cener. Inc. 3968 Curtiss Parkway Miami Springs, Florida 33166 (305) 871-4147 ,- OA j 3- fpmwD 0 719GB 1 A A 1A T .E .eI C F S S BECAUSE: A ag g g ga g gg4 gaggg S0auactu 0ed 0n *Log a ag glor*d a ay One a Sa n** a -F *4. ie 0 0 N e a B e S A u e 0* * Os. S 0*;; 0 0* 0* 0* 5 *0 : .* *0. S* .-f -. :-i m o *c s .... ..s :*5 S)r*e .* -h 0e O f 0 * S- 0*. *36 Robets I dusrjM ^ ies Port St. Luc ie i i ni n305-3 5-2 02 ^o^ Slabs of South Florida, Inc. Miami 305-653-3820^ B~wl^ ^^^^^ Structura~lffSyesNals81-7-26 leven T^^ ^B B^ B^^ ^ a lbot Avenu, RankinPA 15 1 ^^^^^miB^BfiffB^T^BfffirB^^^B^^^^fittg~sI^PHONE 412/351-3913^^^^^ Sun Coast ~fSB'BtrutreIn^ Bc. ufot 813-345-2985 TWX 710-664-4424^^^^^^^ ^^^^*'Bfffffff~fflFU~~ilB^^^^^^^EPICBMETAL BRDK1| Hi^ Impregnated Hartco Solid Oak Parquet Hartco Acrylic Impregnated Solid Oak Parquet costs a little more than carpeting in the beginning. But long after all those footsteps have worn a path and your client has paid to have that carpeting re- placed and replaced, Hartco is still beautiful. This means it is less expensive in the long run perhaps the least ex- pensive floor you can specify. Tough acrylic and stain are forced inside the wood for a beautiful finish that resists scratches and wear. Color never wears off. Never needs refinishing. For further information call or write Jim Westman, V.P. Walton Wholesale 7110 N.E. 4th Court Miami, FL 33138 1-800-432-5024 In business for over 29 years. Refer to Sweets No. 9.22/HAT. More people have survived cancer than now live in the City of Los Angeles. We are winning. Please support the ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY ERIC OXENDORF represented by JIM CUNEO 813-848-8931 FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 Randy Atlas Ph D AIA Atlas & Associates 600 NE 36 St. Suite 711 Miami. Florida 33137 Office (305) 325-0076 Architectural Secunty Design Consultant Cnminal Justice, Facility Design, Building Secunty Permacrr te tuco Veneerrr Plaster Pooltilt Bddlngcoat Rip Rap * Parmebond sea Kooldok Peirmacont Some still think they can't afford quality-untrue' Permacrete costs no more than other cementitious coatings' Architects are offered a creative freedom with the wide range of colors and textures Builders have the assurance of quality and performance THE MEASURE OF QUALITY IN 1986 T i .l g l a- n g";. l T I I'T T I; , THOSE WHO INSIST ON QUALITY, SPECIFY PERMACRETE PRODUCTS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION WRITE: C.L. INDUSTRIES, INC. PO. BOX 13704 ORLANDO. FL 32859 800-432-0891 FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 GREATER ORLANDO CHAPTER CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS INSTITUTE On March 19, 1986, the second annual C. S. I. Prod- ucts Fair in Central Florida will take place at the Orlando Fairgrounds. Cosponsored by the Greater Orlando Chapter of the Construction Specifications Institute and the Mid Florida Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, this display of over 200 construction products and related services will provide a unique opportunity for Architects, Developers, and Contractors to have hands-on the materials they specify and to view new products. Join your friends for an evening of exhibits, stunning list of door prizes, beverages, and free buffet. Don't miss out, see you on March 19. WHERE: Central Florida Fairgrounds, 4603 W. Colo- nial Drive, Orlando, Florida Highway 50, 4 miles west of 1-4 TIME: 4:00 p.m. 10:00 p.m. For information contact Jim Hargan, Lambert Corpo- ration, (305) 841-2940. of distinction custon design, fabrication, installation residential commercial industrial Twin City Mail, North Palm Bech. Flortda convoa / vinyl awnings canopil. cabanaos curtains Cushions boat canvas custom welding 844-4444 AWNING! BY JAY 1125 BROADWAY, RIVIERA BEACH, FLORIDA 33404 . CLASSIFIED INTERIOR ARCHITECT Thoroughly experienced in hotel, commercial office and corporate headquarters design required for leadership position in South Flor- ida-based architectural firm. Marketing and public relations skills essential. Salary commen- surate with experience. Send re- sumes to Barretta & Associates, 400 S. Dixie Highway, Building 2, Boca Raton, FL 33432. SPECIFICATIONS WRITER Well established architectural firm in Tampa, has opening for Specifications Writer with mini- mum 3 years experience. Salary commensurate with experience. Excellent benefits. Send resume to Ray Bernardo at Ranon, Bent- ler & Partners, Inc.; 515 Bay Street, Tampa, Florida 33606. (813) 253-3465. DEVELOPMENT MANAGER National medical building devel- oper seeks self-starting architec- tural professional who wishes a career in this rapidly growing, specialized real estate field. Ex- perience in health care projects helpful. College education with a proven record of accomplish- ment necessary. Good verbal and writing skills a requirement. Send resume and salary require- ments to Turner Medical Build- ing Services, Inc., 1215 Louisiana Avenue, Winter Park, FL 32789. Director/Commerial Busines Development National Architectural / Engi- neering firm seeks experienced architect to lead commercial mar- keting effort for its 100-plus per- son office in Orlando. Challeng- ing opportunity to direct project teams and lead the commercial business development effort. Re- quires architectural registration, a minimum of 8 years experience, and a proven track record in the design and marketing of large scale commercial development projects. If you are a dynamic, results oriented individual who wants to play a key role in the growth and continued success of a nationally recognized firm, we invite you to submit your resume, including project listing, to: Hansen Lind Meyer 455 S. Orange Avenue Suite 400 Orlando, FL 32801 An equal opportunity affirmative action employer. ARCHITECT Licensed Architect with proven abilities in at least two of the fol- lowing disciplines: Design, Pro- duction and Project Manage- ment. Send resume to William Graves Architects, 207 E. Main Street, Pensacola, FL 32501. Do you have an opening in your firm? Do you have office equip- ment for sale? A service to sell to architects? Use Florida Archi- tect classified. Send material to be typeset to: Florida Architect, P.O. Box 10388, Tallahassee, FL 32302, Attn: Carolyn Maryland. Material must be received 45 days prior to publication dates. Publication dates are the first day of January March, May, July, September, and November. Classified listings are charged at the rate of $3.00 per typeset line. The#tof ivfonment u3 Learned skills. Human creativity. Nature's beauty. The interplay that produces WALUISBAKER functional environments that arouse the senses. & ASSOCIATES. RA. Wallis, Baker & Associates, masters since 1961. Landscape Architects Their collection includes metropolitan civic centers, Site eaing Drive international airports, major hotels, office buildings, Winter Park, Florida 32789 malls and resorts. Discover the art in your environment. (305) 647-5726 FLORIDA NATURAL GAS ASSOCIATION SALES SECTION TO MEET APRIL 16-18 IN ORLANDO "Gas Sales, It's Time For a Change" will be the theme of the Florida Natural Gas Association Sales Section Meeting scheduled for April 16-18 at the Harley Hotel in Orlando. Members of the association, comprised of gas com- panies throughout the state will gather to discuss topics such as the growth and trend in the natural gas industry and the Florida Energy Code which is now in effect. Media Services and Production Group, the associa- tion's advertising agency, will introduce Energy Update, a full color magazine which is being published by the as- sociation for Florida builders to inform them of changes and growth of the industry. People interested in learning more about the Florida Natural Gas Association can contact Mr. Albert L. Weldy at (904) 589-4753. Selecting the right lighting is more than just flipping a few switches. Lighting is the "tool" for creating architecturally- integrated luminous environments. In planning your lighting layout, the space must be analyzed in terms of desired Which objects or areas are to be focal points? And finishes of the floor, walls, and ceiling must be considered. Our lighting consultants will team-up with you to review the desiredeffect, and then make recommendations that will provide your client with illumination that was designed to fill a specific need. Like Lightolier's Manor series. Crafted in solid brass and rich in the tradition and flavor of an English manor. We stock Lightolier and most other major brands. You select from the largest inventory in South Florida. FarreyA Lighting Collection 1850 N.E. 146 St., Miami, FL 33181 S1947-5451, Broward 524-8675 HERE YOU GET A TEAM OF LIGHTING CONSULTANTS WE LET THE GOC AND KEEP THE BAD OUT O SAVES ENERGY O PROTECTS AGAINST NOISE ADMITS LIGHT O DISCOURAGES BURGLARIES Complete Line of Glass Block and Accessories 0 L GLASS MASONRY, INC. P.O. BOX 8325, PEMBROKE PINES, FLORIDA 33024 (305) 432-3806 D IN 44 FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 1 Z"z-----, WHEN YOUR ABSTRACT DESIGN BECOMES CONCRETE, PROTECT ITS DURABILITY AND BEAUTY WITH SEAL-KRETE.. .the superior waterproofing sealer for stucco, masonry, cement and other porous building materials. SEAL-KRETE SUPERIOR WATERPROOFING SEALER. A high binding, acrylic base, penetrating sealer. Formulated for use on Cement, Masonry and Stucco surfaces. May also be used on Wood, Stone, Brick, etc. It waterproofs, protects and highlights the natural beauty in the colors of the material used on. May be used under or over paint, above or below grade, is milky white but DRIES CLEAR assuring complete coverage. Fast-drying, non-staining, mildew resis- tant, water cleanup before y drying. Easy to apply. Hand "1 pump garden sprayer recom- . A amendedd for application. TESP FOR WATERPROOFING FOR COMPLETE SPECIFICATIONS CONTACT STUCCO MASONRY. CEMENT SUR = SEAL-KRETE, INC. P.O. BOX 1527 r. AUBURNDALE, FLA. 33823 -TiCtO M**ON W c t ACI ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_ ^"*i rstt.- KMiju.'i v to=,Ei- su .- AA&C HAS A SPECIAL MACHINE TO PAY YOUR CLAIMS Mickey Hergenreder. FA/AIA Senior Benefit Analyst IT'S CALLED A PERSON! AA&C's claims service features "real people" who care- a lot. Files are kept by family name, not a number, and claims are processed within 48 hours of receipt by AA&C. All of our analysts have been trained in-house because those who had outside experience couldn't give the personalized, caring service that our clients demand. Each analyst tries to find ways to "pay" claims, not to deny them, which is why 99.5% of the FA/AIA claims are paid vs. the normal 90%. For further information, please contact the FA/AIA Group Insurance Service Organization: Association Administrators & Consultants, Inc. 19000 MacArthur Boulevard, Suite 500 Irvine, California 92715 1-800-854-0491 Toll Free FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 VIEWPOINT Teamwork experience for architecture students Muhamed M. Aburawi The idea of using small groups to avoid the impersonality of large undergraduate courses is hardly new. Unfortunately, however, there have been few large-scale attempts to alter the traditionally individualistic ex- perience of college students by encouraging and strongly re- warding participation in coop- erative endeavors. Most of that type of experimentation has been carried on in elementary and high school classrooms and the traditional instruction method of lecturing has dominated in col- lege classrooms. The Architec- tural Structures courses at the University of Florida were no exception. The most obvious drawbacks to the lecture method of teach- ing an architecture course are that the approach mainly pro- motes cognitive learning and em- phasizes individual competition. Lectures do not fully prepare the architecture student to grasp the life-size scale of the elements he or she designs. In addition, the student is not prepared to work in a cooperative climate which he or she will probably face in the professional world. Further- more, the present method lets the student design and analyze architectural structures working in an ideal situation, without tak- ing into account any additional difficulties which may occur in reality such as site restrictions, or problems encountered during the construction process. Research done in college class- rooms document the fact that in experimentally created groups the introduction of cooperative climates tends to improve cer- tain types of performance while lowering students' tension and anxiety. Since one of the goals of group experience is to provide students with the opportunities to share ideas with their fellows, work toward common goals, and receive joint rewards, one of the concerns was with the viability of the groups which would be functioning unsupervised out- side the classroom. Pilot results indicated that there is a relation- ship between group viability and the nature of the rewards. It was found that groups created on the basis of interpersonal attraction among their members would be more likely to operate effectively under conditions of individual re- ward than would groups formed on the basis of random assign- ment of members. Conversely, under conditions that involved working for shared rewards, both types of groups would stay together and function. Further- more, prior research and pilot studies suggested that most stu- dents would tend to have positive attitudes toward group work. Re- ports indicate that they preferred working in groups to working in- dividually, regardless of whether they had actually participated in groups during the class. To validate these findings for undergraduate architecture stu- dents, an experiment was con- ducted in the third year architec- tural structures class, at the Uni- versity of Florida, in the Spring 1985 semester. The students were assigned a teamwork proj- ect: to design and build a life-size scale structure. The objectives of the project were to: 1. provide a teamwork experi- ence; 2. improve learning skills and put theory into application; 3. allow students to take greater responsibility in their learning tasks; 4. promote peer tutoring and cross-age help with the partici- pation of the graduate teaching assistants in the Architecture Department; and 5. create a cooperative environ- ment within groups and compe- tition between groups that would resemble professional design competitions. The Architectural Structures class (ARC 3551), consisting of two sections, participated in the project. It was directed by two professors, George Scheffer and Ronald Haase, with the assist- ance of two graduate students, Beth McDougal and the author. Four groups of 23-30 students each were created from two sec- tions, following the composition of their design studios. Each group was assigned to design a structure consisting of two crossing large-scale 3-hinged arches. The group was to build the structure and erect it, using any materials and any erection technique which would be appro- priate for the design. Each arch, covering an area of 30 x 40 feet and 25 feet high, was assembled into a four-legged configuration crossing at its center connection. Each project was to be tested by adding live loads using platforms hanging from the structure until a point of failure was reached. Criteria for evaluation of the project were set by the two pro- fessors of the course stressing structural innovation/clarity, aesthetic qualities/craftsman- ship, and load carrying capacity. The four group projects were judged by the Architecture De- partment Chairman. In addition to the grade rewards, there was special recognition for the win- ning group. The project schedule required six meetings between each group and the two professors who dis- cussed the project status and gave feedback to the students. The graduate teaching assistants were assigned to visit the four groups in their studios every day to provide help and clarification. In the first meeting with the groups, the professors intro- duced the project, described and discussed the main objectives and assigned students to their respec- tive groups. In the second meeting, a de- sign proposal was due from each group for discussion and approval of staff. After the students in each group received approval of their design, they submitted their final design proposal in the form of a model. They discussed and tested this model with the staff before building the full-scale structure. The second week of the project was dedicated to the building of arches. During the two weeks, the graduate assistants provided the groups with the help they needed; in addition, they acted as observers and reported the interaction of the group mem- bers. Following the completion of the project, a diagnostic sur- vey instrument for team effec- tiveness was administered. In addition, the participants in the project were asked to write down their overall evaluation and suggestions. The evaluation of this experi- mental project was based on the students' responses to the sur- vey (quantitative data), and the observations and comments pro- vided by the professors and the graduate teaching assistants (qualitative data). The survey instrument was divided into eight scales dealing with the following points: 1) Goal Clarity and Conflict; 2) Role Ambiguity; 3) Role Conflict; 4) Participation/Influence; 5) Commitment/Understanding; 6) Conflict Management; 7) Recognition/Involvement; 8) Support/Cohesiveness. Each scale was divided into ratings, i.e. from 1 to 5, with 5 representing the most positive attitude and 1 representing the most negative attitude. The data from the survey were coded for each student in each group along with his/her aver- age final score achievement for the whole structures course. Us- ing SAS, a computer program was developed to analyze the data using Analysis of Covari- ance Model. Testing the hypothesis that the attitude of each group to- wards the effectiveness of team- work is the same, it was found that there was a significant dif- ference between groups. Team- work was more effective in the group which gained first place in the competition as compared to the fourth place group. At the same time, in testing the rela- tionship between the students' achievement and their attitude, FLORIDA ARCHITECT March/April 1986 it was found that there is no sig- nificant relationship. From the observations, it was found that the selection of a leader, which was left to group decision, contributed signifi- cantly to teamwork success. In addition, it was found that in the architecture students' teamwork projects, the chosen leader was the person who came up with the design. Observations of the first group, the one with the most pos- itive attitudes, revealed that the designer (leader) was chosen the first day. The leader was respon- sible for dividing up and super- vising the group members' work assignments. On the other hand, in the fourth group leadership wasn't established resulting in sub-groups that did not get along too well. The qualitative results were derived from the students' re- sponses to the question in the survey and from the observa- tions recorded by the graduate teaching assistants. It is impor- tant to note that, in response to the questions, all students ex- cept one noted that after com- pleting the projects, they had a better understanding of the dif- ferent issues involved in the de- sign, building and assembly of structures. kA.W. In general, dividing the stu- dents' reactions into two con- trasting attitudes, i.e. into those with positive and those with negative points, reveals the following: Positive points: * The project gave them the op- portunity to work within groups, allowing them to learn more about teamwork environment. They learned how to adjust to their peers and to work in a coopera- tive climate toward a common goal. * They learned about the impor- tance of small details, which are usually not sufficiently covered in lectures, even though they are crucial parts of the structure as a whole. * They learned more about the actual behavior of structures during the assembly and erec- tion process. * The project gave them the op- portunity to use power tools in the shop and to learn special skills, such as arc welding and brazing, which may be beneficial to them in the future. * The students grasped the real- ity of the large-scale structures which they had designed on paper. * They learned the skills of cost- effective decision making when they had to choose appropriate material for the structure. In general, nearly all the re- spondents agreed that they had the chance to learn a great deal about such aspects of structures as: behavior, assembly, connec- tions and kinds of failure that may occur. Negative points: The students' negative com- ments about the project stressed two basic problems in its de- sign, namely, that there was not enough time to complete the work satisfactorily, and that there were too many students in each group. The review of the quantitative and qualitative results indicates that the project was a successful learning experience for the ar- chitectural structure students in spite of the negative issues that were reported. Strong, effective leadership within groups made the difference in both success of the project and in students' posi- tive attitudes toward their work. The students were faced with a challenging task. They had to make critical decisions concern- ing issues such as material selec- tion, connection details, assembly techniques, etc. Lectures sel- dom provide such opportunities. The project provided good ex- perience for the students in al- lowing them to witness different modes of failure in structures and to evaluate strength or weak- ness of their design. They came up with conclusions based on ac- tual rather than theoretical per- formance. In general, they had the chance to apply the lecture theory to a full-size structure. It is important to note that the project has generated great in- terest within the college, along with the desire on the part of other students, to participate in similar projects in the future. The author is a graduate teach- ing assistant in the Architecture Department, University ofFlor- ida, and cii'a rrtl iis ,rrking tio. ward a Ph.D. d(-grev' in Archi- tecture Education. A structure consisting of two large-scale arches was erected by students in the University of Florida Architectural Structures course. Photo courtesy of the author. L~' ' i9.rv :II .n :aft ,Mh ::T; ~ ~ ~ ~ '' '::"':"''f.; A..L O nrnag rak Ellminatoo Creaks and -Nail-pop *m.. ooth..e Ail .Fini4#e.d F loor Prod GYP-CRETE F L 0 0 R U N D U P L A Y W E N I I :: ,..,;: *;%: : ,~ b :i I' i~-'; .s~~.v~l ; 94A W A p MOIE ROOF Ill-. WHIE S OUR ih lo- M M \t\o c,1111il ilII I I I n15 ~ 1 'lllIlc )t It'II tq'llo Il' lo t ,t]t1 t ICI1ttII'1 0 III m'i i l P ,) t kI t k 11 l c \ I IIt1 0 ) 111 i tc II II[ 1 IIIIIII h ,l , II_- 1 [ IIC A 1 ( 1I k 1 1 1 C 111 1 1 ( tItII ] tI t ttI 1ItC I( I IIII 1 1 |