Material Information |
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Title: |
Influence of planting date and variety on damage due to meloidogyne arenaria in peanut |
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Series Title: |
Research report (North Florida Research and Education Center (Quincy, Fla.)) |
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Physical Description: |
6 leaves : ; 28 cm. |
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Language: |
English |
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Creator: |
Rich, J. R ( Jimmy Ray ), 1950- Gorbet, Daniel W ( Daniel Wayne ), 1942- Barber, Stacey K North Florida Research and Education Center (Quincy, Fla.) |
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Publisher: |
North Florida Research and Education Center |
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Place of Publication: |
Quincy Fla |
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Publication Date: |
1995 |
Subjects |
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Subject: |
Meloidogyne ( lcsh ) Peanuts -- Florida ( lcsh ) |
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Genre: |
non-fiction ( marcgt ) |
Notes |
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Statement of Responsibility: |
Jimmy R. Rich, Daniel W. Gorbet, Stacey K. Barber. |
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General Note: |
Cover title. |
Record Information |
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Bibliographic ID: |
UF00066131 |
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Volume ID: |
VID00001 |
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Source Institution: |
University of Florida |
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Rights Management: |
All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location. |
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Resource Identifier: |
oclc - 71188459 |
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s5- IFAS NFREC Research Report 95:4
INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DATE AND VARIETY ON DAMAGE DUE TO
MELOIDOGYNE ARENARIA IN PEANUT
Marston Science
Library
APR 18 1995
University of Florida
Jimmy R. Rich
University of Florida
Route 3, Box 4370
Quincy, FL 32351
Daniel W. Gorbet
University of Florida
Route 3, Box 376
Marianna, FL 32446
Stacey K. Barber
University of Florida
Route 3, Box 4370
Quincy, FL 32351
INTRODUCTION
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, is one of the most serious
soilborne pests of peanut in North Florida. Crop rotation and nematicides are
management tools which reduce but do not prevent losses from this pest. Other
management techniques need to be developed to further reduce losses due to
nematodes in peanut. Studies in other crops have indicated yield benefits by altering
planting dates and utilizing shorter season varieties. The trial reported herein was
conducted to determine the effect of three planting dates and two varieties of peanut
on yield loss caused by the peanut root-knot nematode.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A field trial was conducted on a Chipola loamy sand soil at the North Florida
Research and Education Center, Marianna in 1994. The field was previously planted
to grain sorghum in 1993. The site was moldboard plowed and doubled disced in late
March. Treatments in the test included three planting dates (April 25, May 16, June
9), two peanut varieties (Florunner and Marc I), and a nematicide (with or without
Temik 15G). Planting dates served as the mainplots, varieties as subplots, and
nematicide treatment (Temik vs none) as sub-subplots. Planting date plots were
replicated three times. Temik 15G application was made at-planting in a modified-
infurrow, 8" band over the row at the rate of 10 Ibs. formulation/acre. The Temik
15G subplots were two rows (36" wide) by 20' long. An additional "at-pegging"
treatment with 10 Ibs. formulation of Temik was made 85 days after planting.
Standard cultural practices were utilized over the season, and the two peanut varieties
were harvested according to average days to and visual indication of maturity.
After harvest, in-shell peanuts were dried to 10% moisture, weighed and yield
converted to Ibs./A. Nematode samples were taken at harvest by removing six soil
cores (1" dia.) to a depth of 10" in each plot. Samples from individual plots were
composite and 100 cm3 soil extracted by the sugar-flotation, centrifugation
technique.
RESULTS
Yield of peanut was significantly higher when planted April 25 and May 16
compared to June 9 (Table 1). Nematode numbers, however, were lowest at the June
9 planting date. Temik treatment significantly improved peanut yield at two of the
three planting dates (April 25, May 16) in both peanut varieties (Table 2). No
significant yield differences were found between the Marc I and Florunner variety at
any planting date or with and without Temik treatment. Number of nematodes were
significantly reduced by the Temik treatments in the first two planting dates (Table 2).
When comparing Temik and nontreated plots at each planting date, the percentage
yield loss was lowest on June 9 in both the Marc I and Florunner. Average number
(Temik plus nontreated) of nematodes were lowest on June 9 in the Florunner.
DISCUSSION
These data and those from 1993 support the hypothesis that late planting dates
can reduce losses caused by the peanut root-knot nematode. Lower yields at the
June 9 date may, however, indicate that this late planting is not advantageous
agronomically. The late plantings are commonly under more disease pressure from
leaf spots, rust and soil-borne diseases. Further work needs to be conducted under
more controlled conditions such as microplots to follow nematode populations more
extensively and more precisely determine planting date and yield interactions.
Table 1. Influence of planting data on peanut yield and number of peanut root-
knot nematode in a field test, 1994.
Plant Date Yield in Ibs./a No. Nematodesy
April 25 4000a' 387a
May 16 3838a 526a
June 9 2909b 209a
Y Number of nematodes extracted from 100 cm3 soil.
SColumn means followed by the same letter are not different (P : 0.05)
according to Duncan's multiple range test.
Table 2. Influence of Temik 15G treatment on peanut yield and number of
peanut root-knot nematodes in a field test, 1994.
Yield in Ibs./A at Planting Dates
Treatment April 25 May 16 June 9
Temik 4349ay 4329a 2912a
Control 3461 b 3347b 2584a
Nematode Numbers
Temik 179a 348a 444a
Control 820b 704b 267a
Y Column means followed by the same letter are not different (P 0.05)
according to analysis by ANOVA.
z Nematodes extracted from 100 cm3 soil.
* I I r
Table 3. Percentage yield loss and number of nematodes in two peanut varieties
affected by the peanut root-knot nematode in a field trial, 1994.
Variety and Planting Date % Yield Loss No. Nematodesz
Marc I
April 25 21 435
May 16 38 357
June 9 11 371
Average
Florunner
April 25 19 339
May 16 21 695
June 9 10 190
Nematodes extracted from 100 cm3 soil.
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