ABSTRACT

Estimated costs and returns of growing round oranges in the Central
Florida citrus area are presented for the fifteenth consecutive year.
The Central Florida citrus area is defined as those counties having
experienced limited citrus tree damage or loss, generally the area from
Polk County south. The format presented may be used by individual
growers to budget costs and returns, utilizing individual data on
specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Central Florida, budgeting, costs and returns.

NOTE: Central Florida production area refers to Polk and Highlands
counties. However, the costs presented in this report are
applicable to other counties such as Hardee, Hillsborough, and
Lake-Orange counties.

The budget cost items have been revised to reflect current grove
practices being used by growers--e.g., chemical mowing, different
spray materials, higher rates of fertilization, microsprinkler
irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Therefore, the revised costs
shown are higher than previously reported.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom managed
operation. Therefore, all equipment costs are based upon the
average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and super-
vision charge is added to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table
3 are representative for a mature Central Florida Valencia orange
grove, the grove care costs for a specific grove site may differ
depending upon the grove practices performed. For example, a
Temik application would add $133.24 per acre; extensive tree loss
due to blight or tristeza could double, if not increase more, the
tree replacement and care costs; travel and set-up costs may vary
due to size of citrus grove and distance from grove equipment
barn.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final
draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production
managers of the Central Florida citrus production area who provided
suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.

ABSTRACT

Estimated costs and returns of growing round oranges in the Central
Florida citrus area are presented for the fifteenth consecutive year.
The Central Florida citrus area is defined as those counties having
experienced limited citrus tree damage or loss, generally the area from
Polk County south. The format presented may be used by individual
growers to budget costs and returns, utilizing individual data on
specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Central Florida, budgeting, costs and returns.

NOTE: Central Florida production area refers to Polk and Highlands
counties. However, the costs presented in this report are
applicable to other counties such as Hardee, Hillsborough, and
Lake-Orange counties.

The budget cost items have been revised to reflect current grove
practices being used by growers--e.g., chemical mowing, different
spray materials, higher rates of fertilization, microsprinkler
irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Therefore, the revised costs
shown are higher than previously reported.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom managed
operation. Therefore, all equipment costs are based upon the
average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and super-
vision charge is added to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table
3 are representative for a mature Central Florida Valencia orange
grove, the grove care costs for a specific grove site may differ
depending upon the grove practices performed. For example, a
Temik application would add $133.24 per acre; extensive tree loss
due to blight or tristeza could double, if not increase more, the
tree replacement and care costs; travel and set-up costs may vary
due to size of citrus grove and distance from grove equipment
barn.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final
draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production
managers of the Central Florida citrus production area who provided
suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABSTRACT . . . . . . i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. . . . . i

LIST OF TABLES. . . . . . .. i

INTRODUCTION. . . . ... . . 1

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION . ... ..... .. 1

COSTS AND INPUTS. . . .. . . 2

THE GROVE SITUATION . . . . .... 2

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS. ...... . . . 5

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS. . . . . 7

REFERENCES . . . . .... .... .. 9

ADDENDA .......... . . . . 10

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Schedule of production practices and budget items for a
Central Florida citrus grove, 1988-89 ..... 3

2 Calculation of normal production per acre, 1988-89. 5

3 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature,
'Valencia' orange citrus grove producing for the
processed market, Central Florida area, 1988-89 . 6

4 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year
average costs and returns for a mature, Valencia orange
grove producing citrus for processing in Central Florida
area, 1984-85--1988-89. . . . 8

5 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year
average costs and returns (inflated to 1989 dollars) for
a mature, Valencia orange grove producing citrus for
processing in Central Florida area, 1984-85--1988-89. 8

BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS:
CENTRAL FLORIDA CITRUS PRODUCTION, 1988-89

Ronald P. Muraro, G. Tim Hurner, Jr. and Thomas W. Oswalt

INTRODUCTION

Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions.
Budget analysis can be used to calculate potential profits from an
operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation, and to
determine break-even prices. This paper presents a budget constructed
from current data and serves as a format for growers to analyze costs and
returns from their individual records.
In order to assist with decision making, production budgets may be
constructed by developing a list of production practices and their costs.
Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. For
example, budget analysis can be used to calculate potential profits from
an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation, and to
determine break-even prices. These data can then be used as a basis for
management decision making.
Due to the December 1983 and January 1985 freezes, the character of
the Central Florida citrus production area has changed. Thus, Central
Florida in this report refers to those counties having experienced
limited citrus tree damage or loss; generally the area from Polk County
south. Budgets for rehabilitating or replanting citrus groves where
extensive tree damage or loss has occurred are presented and discussed in
a separate report.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The data presented here were developed by surveying custom opera-
tors, input suppliers, growers, and colleagues at the Citrus Research

RONALD P. MURARO is associate professor of food and resource
economics and extension farm management economist. He is stationed at
the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred. G. TIM HURNER,
JR. is county extension director in Highlands County, Sebring. THOMAS
W. OSWALT is extension agent, citrus in Polk County, Bartow.

and Education Center in Lake Alfred. The survey is conducted annually
in February and March.

COSTS AND INPUTS

Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus
growers as well as the average of the data obtained from annual custom
rate and chemical and fertilizer surveys. The costs used in the budget
report are shown in the ADDENDA, Tables 1-A through 8-A. The custom
rate costs are shown in Table 9-A and the various chemical and
fertilizer costs are shown in Table 10-A in the ADDENDA. The budget
costs represent a custom managed operation. Therefore, all equipment
costs are based upon the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent
handling and supervision charge is added to the material cost.
Although brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA,
this does not imply endorsement by the University of Florida. It is
merely an attempt to depict typical production practices.
All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to
insert data from a particular grove. This will allow a comparison of
the grower's costs with those presented.

THE GROVE SITUATION

Production practices for a Central Florida round orange grove are
shown in Table 1 with times during the year when they would likely be
performed. There are two benefits to developing such a table for an
individual grove. First, it shows what work is needed and when, so that
operations can be planned well in advance. Second, it can be helpful if
an annual cash flow analysis is developed to plan financing. The
individual grower may benefit from developing a plan for a particular
grove.
Specific production practices vary from grove to grove making it
difficult to define a "typical" grove. Many combinations of practices
and various tree combinations accomplish production of acceptable yields
and returns. Although the example represents a Valencia orange grove,
the cost and return data is designed to be applicable to most grove
situations. A grower, realtor, or land appraiser can substitute

Table 1.-Schedule or production practices and budget items for a Central Florida citrus grove, 1988-89a

Month Annual
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec total

50%
Total revenue: 20% Partial Final
deposit payment payment
Less: Pick & haul cost X
DOC advertisement tax X
Adjusted revenue

Grove expenses:
Disc X
Chop
Mow X X X
Labor, general grove
work, pull vines X I
Herbicide (1/2 grove acre
equivalent) I X
Spray: Post bloom/nutritional X
Summer oil/greasy spot X
Fall miticide X
Supplemental miticide
Dust
Fertilizer 70 N/A 700 N/A 700 N/A Dolomite
Hedging and topping Hedge
Brush removal/chop brush Chop brush
Tree removal X
Young tree care X X X X X
Irrigation (times/month) 2 3 3 21 1
Mi sell aneous
Grove taxes including water management X
Interest expense X
Annual principal payment on mortgage X
Total grove expenses

Net returns (loss)

Cumulative net returns

This is a suggested schedule of practices. Actual practices would not necessarily be done on the exact schedule shown here.

_

individual grove costs and expected returns into the budget format and
develop a budget for a particular grove. A "your cost" column is
provided for this purpose.
In the following budget, above average management and cultural
practices are assumed. Beyond this general assumption, the following
specifics are assumed.

1. A 20+ year-old, permanent overhead-irrigated grove;
2. Variety is Valencia round orange;
3. Tree loss is 3 percent annually;
4. Trees are pulled and replaced when production falls
below 50 percent of expected yield;
5. Production is for processed use;
6. Tree density is 78 trees per acre; and
7. Custom-caretaker providing grove management.

As a result of tree losses and replacement, the tree ages will
vary. The budget reflects the following age distribution:

Situation Boxes/tree

3% pulled and reset 0.0
3% 1 year old 0.0
3% 2 years old 0.0
3% 3 years old 0.6
3% 4 years old 0.9
45% 5-19 years old 4.6
3% producing 50% of expected yield 4.0
37% mature producing 8.0

Calculation of normal production per tree is shown in Table 2.
Note that the proportion of trees by age column only adds to 91 percent
since 9 percent of the trees are non-bearing.

Table 2.--Calculation of normal production per acre, 1988-89

Boxes Total
Age of Tree Trees /tree boxes

Total no. Proportion No. ea.
all ages ea. agea age ------No.------
3 years 78 x 0.03 = 2.3 x 0.6 = 1.38
4 years 78 x 0.03 = 2.3 x 0.9 = 2.07
5-19 years 78 x 0.45 = 35.1 x 4.6 = 161.46
Prod. 50% of
exp. yield 78 x 0.03 = 2.3 x 4.0 = 9.20
20 years 78 x 0.37 = 28.9 x 8.0 = 231.20
Total boxes = 405.31

proportion adds up to 0.91 (91 percent) as 9 percent of the trees
were non-bearing (pulled and reset, 1 and 2 year old trees; see page 4).

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS

The estimated budget costs and returns for the Central Florida grove
situation is shown in Table 3. The budgeted costs represent one possible
citrus production program and were selected from the costs shown in the
ADDENDA tables. The gross revenue estimates are based on the projected
yields in Table 3 and estimated preliminary on-tree prices for the
1988-89 season. Historical on-tree prices for selected Florida citrus
varieties are shown in Table 11-A of the Addenda.
As shown in Table 3, the total revenue for processed market Valencia
oranges is estimated to be $3,203.55 per acre. Total specified costs are
$908.93 and are comprised of grove care costs of $748.75, plus management
cost of $160.18. Return to land and trees of $2,294.62 and represents
net return above fixed costs. The break-even price for Valencia oranges
ranged from $2.89 to $1.89 per box on-tree and $0.77 to $0.60 per pound
solids for eliminations at 300 and 550 boxes per acre, respectively.
In addition to the management cost, ad valorem taxes, and overhead
and administrative costs--such as water drainage/district taxes, crop
insurance, and other grower assessments can add up to 12 percent of the
total grove care costs. These costs vary from grove to grove depending
on age, location, and time of purchase or establishment. However, as a
guideline, ad valorem taxes in the Central Florida citrus area average

Table 3.-E9stulted annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, 'Vylenc orange citrus grove producing for the processed market,
Central Florida area, 1988-89

Item Description Amount Your cost

-----------.------ Dollars---------------

I. revenue 10
II. Expensese
Weed control
Discing 2
Now middles 3
General grove work/sprouting (2 lal
Nerbicide (Table 2-A, Program t1)
Spray program (Table I-A, Programs 93, 09 1 012)
Fertilizer (Table 3-A. Program 02)
Dolomite (Table 7-A, Program #1)
Pruning maintenancee)
Topping ($255.00/h
aemov brush from trees ($1
Hedging ($237.00/hr
Now brush
Tree replacement and care (I
Remove trees 3
Prepare sites and plant resets Includ
Mater resets (Ave
Fertilizer Inlc
Tree wraps, sprouting, Ridouil/Allette
Overhead Irrigation (Table 8-A, Program 01)
Total grove care expenses
III. Management 51
IV. Total specified costas
V. Return to land, trees, and ownership
VI. Break-even price for total specified costs.
Boxes per eare

5 boxes @ $7.91b

times per year
times per year
bor hours per acre)

r. 4 8.0 A/hr.) 3 yrs.
2.16/A 4 3 yrs.)
. 4 10.0 A/hr.) 2 yrs.

through 3 years)
trees per acre
ing 3 trees per acre
rage 5 waterings)
uding application

3,203.55

16.10
31.68
15.10
64.93

10.63
4.05
11.85
10.19

15.12
23.80
8.33
11.25
15.80

of gross sales

S350 00 1450 500

SOn-tree price perbox
2.89 2.54 2.26 2.05 1.89

148.41
203.81
141.10
9.65

36.72

71.30

718.75
160.18
90a.93
2,291.62

Boxes per acre

300 350 100 50

$ Delivered-in price per pound solid
0.7T 0.71 0.67 0.63

although the estimated annual per sere grove costs shown in Table 3 are representative for mature Central Florida Valencla
orange grove, the grove care costs for a specific grove site my differ depending upon the grove practices performed e.g., a Temik
application would add $133.21 per acre; extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza would double the tree replacement and care costs;
travel and set-up costs my vary due to size of citrus grove and distance from grove equipment barn.
bn-tree price per box is preliminary; assumes price for processed oranges only.
CAssumes material custom applied; therefore, a 10 percent handling and supervision charge Is added to material cost.
dOther methods to estimate a management cost--e.g., $2.50 to $5.00 per acre per month or 10 of total grove care costs--are used
in the industry. Other selected methods will give a different return to land and trees than reported here.
eOther cost items which are not Included in the budget are ad valorem taxes, and interest on grove investamnt. In addition to
these cost tems, overhead and administrative costs, such as water drainage/district taxes. crop insurance, and other grower
assessments, can add up to 12 percent to the total grove care costs. The.e costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location,
and time of purchase or grove establishment.
rAssumes 6.0 pound solids per box and $1.75 pick ant haul cost per box.

$40 to $50 per acre. These costs should be considered in arriving at a
net return to land, trees, and ownership (total return minus costs).
Also, average annual debt payment (principal and interest) may be as high
as $600 per acre ($4,500 average debt per acre @ 12 percent interest over
20 years) which would reduce total available cash for grove expansion or
other investment.

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS

Annual budgets of costs and returns for mature, processed Valencia
oranges in the Central Florida area have been developed and published
the past four years. Estimated cost and return histories for 1984-85
through 1987-88 along with 1988-89, and a five-year average are
presented in Table 4. The affects of recent freezes on Florida's annual
orange supply has resulted in a fluctuating on-tree price per box.
However, even with increasing operating costs, annual net return to land
and trees has increased over the five-year period. To allow comparisons
in current values, these same costs and returns, adjusted to 1989
dollars, are presented in Table 5.

Table 4.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average
costs and returns for a mature, Valencia orange grove producing
citrus for processing in Central Florida area, 1984-85--1988-89

On-tree Total Net return to
price Gross specified land, trees,
Year /boxa Yield revenue costs and ownership

------------Dollars-------------
1984-85 $6.75 3240 2,187.00 726.16 1,460.84
1985-86 3.98 405 1,611.90 741.99 869.91
1986-87 6.00 405 2,430.00 806.18 1,623.82
1987-88 7.86 405 3,183.30 889.14 2,294.16
1988-89 7.91b 405 3,203.55 908.93 2,294.62

5-yr. avg. 6.50 389 2,528.50 814.48 1,714.02

a
On-tree prices for all sales methods as reported by the Florida
Agricultural Statistics Service (Table 11-A in the Addenda).

Preliminary estimate by author at time of printing and is not a
published price.
c
Yield reduced due to January 1985 freeze.

Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are
not included. A management cost of 5% of gross revenue is included.

Table 5.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average
costs and returns (adjusted to 1989 dollars) for a mature,
Valencia orange grove producing citrus for processing in
Central Florida area, 1984-85--1988-89

Inflation On-tree Total Net return to
factor price Gross specified land, trees,
Year index /box Yield revenue costs and ownership

--------------Dollars----------

1984-85 115.5 $7.80 324 2,527.20 838.71 1,688.49
1985-86 113.3 4.51 405 1,826.55 840.67 985.88
1986-87 109.3 6.56 405 2,656.80 881.15 1,775.65
1987-88 105.0 8.25 405 3,341.25 933.60 2,407.65
1988-89 100.0 7.91 405 3,203.55 908.93 2,294.62

5-yr. avg. -- 7.01 389 2,726.89 880.61 1,846.28

aConsumer price index for each year adjusted to 1989 prices (1989
100), with 1989 consumer price index estimated to be 372.0. Consumer
price index for other years are: 1985 = 322.2; 1986 = 328.4; 1987 =
340.4 and 1988 = 354.3.

REFERENCES

1. Citrus Summary 1987-88. Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.
Florida Agricultural Statistics. Jan. 1989.

2. Florida Citrus Spray Guide 1989. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc.
Cir. 393-0. Gainesville: Jan. 1989.

3. Harrison, D. S. and R. C. J. Koo. Sprinkler Irrigation Systems for
Citrus. Univ. of Fla. Agr. Ext. Rpt. AE 73-15 (Rev.). Gainesville:
Aug. 1974.

4. Koo, R. C. J., editor. Recommended Fertilizers and Nutritional
Sprays for Citrus. Univ. of Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 536D.
Gainesville: March 1984.

5. Muraro, Ronald P. "Comparative Citrus Budgets." Lake Alfred
Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC) Report. Lake Alfred,
FL: Apr. 1989.

6. "Cost for Establishing, Planting, and Maintaining a Citrus
Grove through Four Years of Age." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake
Alfred, FL: Nov. 1985.

7. "Cost of Planting and Maintaining Reset Citrus Trees
through Four Years." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL:
Aug. 1985.

8. "Summary Custom Rate Survey for Thirty-nine Interior
Citrus Caretakers." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL:
Apr. 1989.

9. "Using Mortgage Repayment Capacity to Determine the
Maximum Price to Pay for a Citrus Grove," The Citrus Industry
Magazine, September 1985, Volume 66, No. 9, pp. 15, 17.

10. and John L. Jackson. Ten-year Analysis for Rehabilitation
of Freeze Damaged Citrus Groves. Univ. of Fla., Food and Resource
Econ. Staff Paper 270. Jan. 1985.

11. and J. Fred Kurras. "Estimating the Damage to Citrus Trees
and Resulting Value Loss Due to the January, 1982 Freeze," Florida
Food and Resource Economics No. 39 (Mar.-Apr. 1982). University of
Florida: Gainesville.

12. Savage, Zach. Citrus Yields Per Tree Age. Agr. Ext. Ser. 60-8.
Univ. of Fla., Gainesville. 1960.

ADDENDA: Listing of Grove Care Programs for Central Florida Citrus
Production for Both Round Oranges and Grapefruit

Page

Table 1-A.

Table 2-A.

Table 3-A.

Table 4-A.

Table 5-A.

Table 6-A.

Table 7-A.

Table 8-A.

Spray programs. . . .

Post bloom spray. . .
Summer spray. . . .
Fall spray. . . .

Herbicide . . .

Dry fertilizer. . . .

Liquid fertilizer . .

Fertigation . . .

Nematicides . . .

Soil amendment . . .

Irrigation--annual cost per acre.

Permanent Overhead. . .
Microsprinkler. . . .
Volume gun (traveling). . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . S .
@Q@@QI@$'O

@ @ O O O

0.@0.0@00@

Table 9-A.

Table 10-A.

Table 11-A.

Table 12-A.

A listing of 1989 custom rates reported by thirty-nine
Ridge citrus caretakers . . . .

Summary of average chemical and fertilizer price
estimates, 1989 . . . .

Historic prices for selected citrus varieties .

Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual
payment capacity. . . . . .

B = Boron
Cu = Copper
Fe = Iron

Mg = Magnesium
Mn = Manganese
Zn = Zinc

aThe costs in the ADDENDA represent a custom managed operation.
Therefore, all equipment costs are based upon the average custom rate
costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added to the
material cost.

. . .
. . . .
.
00@000000
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 1-A.--Spray programs

POST BLOOM SPRAY

Spray Program #1

Materials/
Ingredients

Ethion
Cu
Zn
Mn
B
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application

Total per Application

Spray Program #2

Materials/
Ingredients

Cu
Zn
Mn
B
Kelthane
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application

Total per Application

Spray Program #3

Materials/
Ingredients

Ethion
Zn
Mn
B
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application

Total per Application

Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount/
Acre

5 pts
7 Ibs
10 Ibs
10 Ibs
1.25 Ibs
1 pt
500 gals

$17.77
8.93
9.90
3.19
0.76
2.32
29.76

$73.39

Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount/
Acre

7 Ibs
10 lbs
10 lbs
1.25 lbs
5 pts
1 pt
500 gals

$ 8.93
9.90
3.19
0.76
26.62
2.32
29.76

$81.48

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount/
Acre

5 pts
15 lbs
15 lbs
2.5 Ibs
1 pt
500 gals

Cost/Acre

$17.77
14.85
4.79
1.51
2.32
29.76

$71.00

Table 1-A.--POST BLOOM SPRAY (cont'd.)

Materials/ Amount/
Spray Program #4 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Zn, Mn, Fe Nitrates 4 pts $ 3.92
Cu 7 lbs 8.93
Morestan 2.5 Ibs 28.88
Adjuvant (Surfactant) 1 pt 2.32
Ground Application 500 gals 29.76

Total per Application $73.81

------------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Spray Program #5 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Vendex 4L 1.25 lbs $22.69
Adjuvant (Surfactant) 1 pt 2.32
Ground Application 500 gals 29.76

Total per Application $54.77

SUMMER SPRAY
Materials/ Amount/
Spray Program #6 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Oil 5 gals $ 9.13
Cu 3.75 lbs 4.47
Ethion 6.0 pts 21.00
Ground Application 250 gals 24.23

Total per Application $58.83

------------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Spray Program #7 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Oil 5 gals $ 9.13
Cu 7 lbs 8.93
Ethion 6 pts 21.00
Ground Application 500 gals 29.76

Total per Application $68.82
-------------------------------------------------------

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 1-A.--SUMMER SPRAY

(cont'd.)
Materials/

Amount/

Spray Program #8 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Oil 2.5 gals $ 4.57
Vendex 2 Ibs 36.30
Cu 7 lbs 8.93
Ground Application 500 gals 29.76

Total per Application $78.72
-----------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Spray Program #9 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Kelthane 6 pts $31.94
Cu 7 lbs 8.93
Oil 5 gals 9.13
Ground Application 500 gals 29.76

Total per Application $79.76

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 1-A.--FALL SPRAY

Spray Program #10

Materials/
Ingredients

Kelthane
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground

Amount/
Acre

6 pts
1 pt

Cost/Acre

$31.94
2.32

Application 250 gals 24.23

Total $58.49

-----------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Spray Program #11 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Vendex 50 WP 1.25 lbs $22.69
Adjuvant (Surfactant) 1 pt 2.32
Ground Application 250 gals 24.23

Total per Application $49.24

-----------------------------------------------------------

Your
Cost/Acre

~-m

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 1-A.-

Spray Progr

Spray Progr

Spray Progr

-FALL SPRAY (cont'd.)

Materials/ Amount/
am #12 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Ethion 6 pts $21.00
Adjuvant (Surfactant) 1 pt 2.32
Ground Application 500 gals 29.76

Total per Application $53.08

------------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
am #13 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Sulfur (Dust) 60 lbs $11.02
Ground Application 7.81

Total per Application $18.83

------------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
am #14 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Dicofol 6 pts $31.28
Adjuvant (Surfactant) 1 pt 2.32
Ground Application 250 gals 24.23

Total per Application $57.83

------------------------------------------------------------

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 2-A.--Herbicide

Herbicide Program #1

(Strip/band)

Materials/
Ingredients

Krovar II
Gramoxone

Ground Application
(2 times)

Amount/
Acre

6 Ibs
1.5 pts

80 gals

Cost/Acre

$56.70
7.89

20.34

Total for 2 Applications $84.93
----------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Herbicide Program #2 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

(Strip/band)

Krovar II
Gramoxone

6 Ibs
5 pts

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

$56.70
26.30

Ground Application
(2 times) 80 gals 20.34
Total for 2 Applications $103.34
----------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Herbicide Program #3 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

(Strip/band)

Hyvar X
Princep

8 lbs
4 lbs

Your
Cost/Acre

$98.38
11.97

Ground Application
(2 times) 80 gals 20.34
Total for 2 Applications $130.69
----------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Herbicide Program #4 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

(Strip/band)

Round-up
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time) 20 gals 10.17
Total for 1 Application $46.24
-----------------------------------------------------------
Materials/ Amount/
Herbicide Program #5 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

(Strip/band)

Krovar II
Round-up
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(3 times) 120 gals 30.51
Total for 3 applications $98.74
----------------------------------------------------------

2 qts
1 pt

$33.75
2.32

Your
Cost/Acre

6 Ibs
1 qt
1 qt

$56.70
7.89
4.64

Table 2-A.--Herbicide (cont'd.)

Herbicide Program #6

(Strip/band)

Materials/
Ingredients

Round-up
Princep
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Herbicide Program #7

(Spot herbicide
for grass/brush
regrowth under

trees.)

Herbicide P

Materials/
Ingredients

Amount/
Acre

Round-up

1 pt

Ground Application

Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

$ 8.44

(1 time) 3.53
Total for 1 Application $11.97

Materials/ Amount/
program #8 Ingredients Acre Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

(Trunk-to-trunk)

Krovar II
Round-up
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

12 lbs
1 qt
1 qt

Ground Application
(2 times)
Total for 2 Applications

Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer

Program #1

Analysis/Material
Applied

12-2-15-2.4 MgO

Application

Amount/
Acre

1500 lbs

3 times

Total for 3 Applications $152.10
-------'-------------------------------------------
Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

Program #2

16-0-16-4 MgO

Application

1325 lbs

3 times

Total for 3 Applications

$120.49

20.61

$141.10

Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount/
Acre

1.5 qts
4 Ibs
1 qt

50 gals

$25.32
11.97
4.64

10.17
$52.10

$113.40
7.89
4.64

23.62
$149.55

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$131.49

20.61

Your
Cost/Acre

-------------~------------------C---------------- =_

--

Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer (cont'd.)

Program #3

Program #4

Program #5

Program #6
(Young T
Soli

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre
15-2-15-2.4 MgO 1500 lbs $132.00
Application 3 times 20.61
Total for 3 Applications $152.61

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre
16-2-16-3 MgO 1500 lbs $140.73
Application 2 times 13.74
Total for 2 Applications $154.47

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre
17-0-17-3 MgO 1600 lbs $155.48
Application 3 times 20.61
Total for 3 Applications $176.09

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre
rees-- 8-4-8-.25 Cu-.25 Mn 475 Ibs $43.50

d Set)

Application 1 time 4.33
Total for 1 Application $47.83

Analysis/Material Amount/
Program #7 Applied Acre Cost/Acre
(Young Trees-- 8-4-8-.25 Cu-.25 Mn 302 Ibs $27.66
Solid Set)

Application
Total for 1 Application

1 time

4.33
$31.99

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 4-A.--Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application)

Program #1

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre
12-0-12 1500 lbs
Double Boom Application 3 times
Total for 3 Applications

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre
$107.25
30.00
$137.25

Table 4-A.--Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application) (cont'd.)

Program #2

Program #3

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

12-4-12 1500 Ibs $122.65
Double Boom Application 3 times 30.00
Total for 3 Applications $152.65

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

12-0-12 1500 lbs $107.25
Krovar II 6 lbs 56.70

Double Boom Application 3 times
Total for 3 Applications

Table 5-A.--Fertigation

Program #1

(Supplement

Program #2

(Supplement

Program #3

(Exclusive)

30.00
$193.95

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

al) 10-0-10 400 lbs $24.10
Application 3.67
Total per Application $27.77

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

al) 8-4-8 750 lbs $49.07
Application 4.62
Total per Application $53.69

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

8-0-8 2000 lbs $118.14
Application 12.90
Total per Application $131.90

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 6-A.--Nematicides

Program #1

Program #2

Program #3

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

Temik 15 G 33 Ibs $121.24
Application 12.63
Total per Application $133.87
--------------------------------------------
Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

Nemacur 15 G 67 lbs $209.31
Application 12.63
Total per Application $221.94

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

Nemacur 15 G 50 lbs $156.20
Application 12.63
Total per Application $168.83

Table 7-A.--Soil amendment

Program #1

(Every 3

Program #2

(Every ye

Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

years) Dolomite (Delivered) 1 ton $22.04
Application 1 time 6.90
Total for 1 Application $28.94
(Average 1/3 Ton Applied/Yr) $ 9.65
------- ------ ------ ---- - - -----------
Analysis/Material Amount/
Applied Acre Cost/Acre

ar) Dolomite (Delivered) 1000 lbs $11.02
Application 6.90

Total per Application

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Vw

Your
Cost/Acre

$17.92

Table 8-A.--Irrigation--annual cost per acre

PERMANENT OVERHEAD

Program #1

Operating $109.65
(Electric)

Your
Cost/Acre Program #2

$ 82.24
(Diesel)

Maintenance of System 25.08 31.35

Total Cost $134.73 $113.59

MICROSPRINKLER

Program #3

Operating $63.45
(Electric)

Your
Cost/Acre

Program #4

$43.14
(Diesel)

Maintenance of System 38.83 44.66

Total Cost $102.28 $87.80

VOLUME GUN (TRAVELING)

Program #5

$189.98
(Diesel)

Maintenance of System

Total Cost

Your
Cost/Acre

16.11

$206.09

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Operating

21

Table 9-A.--A listing of 19S9 Custon rates reported by tnirty-nine Ridge citrus caretakers

Grove Practice

Range of Rate Aversge
Unit Reported Rate

CULTIVAI73N AND EQUIPMENT:

Hand Hoe'Hand Labor
Macn.ent Hoe
Rotovate
Disc 7'
Disc 7'
Disc 9'-10'
Disc 9'-10'
Disc 9'-10'
Chop
Chop
Chop
Now 5'-7'
Now 11-15'
Wow
Herbicidez (Strip/band-Single Boom)
Herbicide (Strip/Band--Single Boom)
Herbicide (Strip/Band--Double Boom)
Herbicide 2Strip/Band--Double Boom)
Herbicidez (Trunk-to-Trunk)
Herbicide (Trunk-to-Trunk)
Herbicide (Cnemical Mow)
Terie.'emacuz
Plow
Deviner
Pick-up Truck with Driver
Truck with Driver
Tractor with Driver

SPRAYIN::z

$ 6.25-S
20.00-
20.00-
19.50-
6.00-
20.00-
7.00-
7.00-
17.50-
8.00-
6.50-
18.00-
30.00-
9.00-
18.50-
9.00-
23.00-
9.50-
20.00-
9.50-
5.00-
12.00-
17.50-

10.00-
17.75-
17.25-

9.50
35.00
35.00
24.00
7.50
30.00
9.00
9.00
30.00
12.00
9.00
27.00
39.00
12.00
35.00
13.00
35.00
13.00
35.00
15.00
7.50
15.00
30.00

16.00
30.00
30.00

Hand Sprayer Hour $ 31.00-$ 40.00
Kinkelder Acre
Boo- Sprayer Tank 32.00- 34.00
Dilute, 50 Ial. tank Tank 15.00- 20.00
2X, 500 gal. tank Tank 25.00- 45.00
3X, 500 gal. tank Tank 32.00- 6.00O
aX. 500 a:l. tank Tank 48.00- 64.00
6X. 500 gal. tank Tank 60.00- 96.00
Average Per Acre Charge: 100 gallons/acre $17.60; Average Per Hour
Aerial: Fixed Wing Acre
Fixed Wing Acre

Helicopter--$10.00/acre f 10 GPA

g 7.70
2u.05
25.82
19.83
6.83
22.78
8.20
7.60
22.44--
9.11 .-
7.58
22.27
33.75
10.56
23.69
10.17
27.15
10.83
24.52
11.81
6.25
12.63
22.25
24.00
13.56
21.07
21.28

$ 34.97
13.75
33.13
17.16
29.76
38.20
56.19
79.08
Charge:
3.50
6.75

Plus tran

One-way d
One report
Two-vay d
One-way d
Two ways
One-way c

sporitaton; One reporting transpo-.at&ir
\charge: # 50ti'nle *no a4.tC'say

liacing; Avg. $8.00/scre two ways
ting $17.50/hour one way
lacing

achpping

hopping

Plus materials
Plus materials; One reporting 30La:lon plus
Plus materials; One r.porting ot,' \na-eri:ls
Plus materials \gJllon plus ma;e-ials
Plus materials
Plus materials; One reporting 2B /:llon plus
Plus materials \Znerl ls
Plus materials; Young tree Temni: S6.:/:acre

One reporting 40t/mile plus laborr
Avg. 55t/mile; One reporting 53t/mile tot', ways

Tractor, sprayer and 2 workers

Plus materials

One reporting $12.00/acre
One reporting $80.00/tank for 5X

PTO air-blast sprayer 1S27.33
5 gallons per acre
10 gallons/acre; One reporting cost plus 55

DUSTIN5:z

Ground Application
Ground Application

FEPT!.IZE AND SOIL AMEN3DENTS:2

Dry Fertilizer (Buik)
Dry Fertilizer (Bulk)
Dry Fertilizer (Buak)
Liquid Double Boom Application
Inject Liqu:d into Irrigation Systemz
Line or Dolomite
Lime or Dolomite
Fertilize Young Trees:z
Hand Spread
Fert. Spreader
Fert. Spreader

IRRIGATION:

Permanent Overhead
Microsp-inkler
Permanent Overhead
Microsprinkler
Traveling Volume Gun

$ 20.00-$ 32.75
5.00- 8.75

$ 25.92 Plus materials
7.81 Plus materials; One reporting St.0",'ba

Hour S 27.00-$ 28.00 t 27.50
Ton 12.00- 16.00 14.00 One reporting S25/ton for hauling a-.i spreading
Acre 5.50- 10.00 6.87 One reporting bulk minimum charge of $35.:
$10.00/acre for both mix-fertilizer with or without herbicide
Hour 20.00- 25.00 22.56 One reporting $50.0C/application
Ton 5.50- 12.50 8.75 Average--'Bought-Delivered-Sp'ead" # 133.0;-':
Acre 5.50- 8.25 6.90

6.25- 9.50 7.70
20.00- 35.00 24.21
7.00- 10.00 8.75

Acre $ 2.00-S 3.00
Acre 1.00- 3.00
Per run/Section 8.50- 13.50
Per run/Section 10.00- 13.50
One reporting $25.00/valve

One reporting for Permanent Overhead and Microsprinkler: Per trip
Per trip
4-Wheel ATC Hour 10.00- 18.75
3-Wheel ATC Hour 11.00- 20.00
Water/Suvppl Truck Hour 18.00- 30.00

Ring Young Trees:
Han! Labor
Mechan::al
Mechanical

Labor plus truck/equipment

$ 2.67 Start and supervision
2.38 Start and supervision
10.50 Start and supervision
11.44 Start and supervision
(section) start and supervision; One reporting 535.00'ao:e for
\volunie gun. punp a-, n:'.,
--no freeze: 15 miles from orfice-$20.00; 16-25 miles--3-:.
and freeze: 15 miles from orfice-- 30.00; 16-25 miles--$:.
13.05 Check/repair microsprlnkler irrigation sysem--
13.93 Check/repair icrosprinkler \plus nat'ia.
21.72 \irrigation syste--plus m"ste'als

Hour 6.25- 9.50 7.70 Labor plus equipment
Hour 24.50- 35.00 27.60
Per tree Solid-set: $2.00/tree; Reset: 3.75/tree

(OV)R)

Comments

- -

22

Table 9-A.-A listing of 1959 custom rates reported by thirty-nine Ridge citrus caretakers (cont'd.)

Range of Rate Average
Reported Rate'

Grove Practice

Comments

REMOVING TREES:

Front End Loader
Bulldozer

PRUNING:

Power Saw with Operator
Power Saw without Operator
Hedging:
Single Side (Tractor Pulled)
Single Side (Tractor Mounted)
Double Side (Tractor Pulled)
Double Side (Tractor Mounted)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Topping:
Tractor Pulled
Tractor Mounted
Self Propelled
Double Boom (Self Propelled)
Removing Brush:
Haul Brush out of Grove
Front-end Loader (Push Brush)
Cnop'Mow Brush

FIRE GROVE:

Stand-by
caring

BANK AND JNBANK TREES:

Hand Labor

Mechanical
Wraps 'Install)

Wraps (Material)

OTHER CUSTOM RATES:

Plant Resets
Solid Set Planting
Mecnail: Labor
Grove Management Charge/Month
Marketing'Supervision Charge

Total Reported Acreage Provided
Grove Service to: (50,557 acres)

Hour
Hour

Hour
Hour

Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour

Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour

Hour
Hour
Hour

Night
Night

Hour

Hour
Per wrap

Per wrap

Per tree
Per tree
Hour
Acre
Box

Acre

S 35.00-S 55.00

$

10.50-S 15.25 S 13.58
5.00- 8.00 6.18

35.00- 40.00 36.00
75.00
54.00- 75.00 62.75
200.00- 220.00 210.00
200.00- 275.00 237.00

90.00
150.00
200.00- 325.00 255.00
30.00

17.50- 30.00 21.96
42.50- 50.00 15.63
20.00- 33.00 24.71

$ -s $ 30.00
50.00

S 6.25-S 9.50

17.50- 26.00
0.22- 0.43

0.19- 0.60

$ 1.50-$ 4.30
1.15- 2.00
15.00- 25.00
1.15- 3.00
0.15- 0.25

$ 43.23 Average trees removed: Low 6 trees/Hr; Hi(e *E
35.00 One reporting cost plus 151 \tees/Hr

Plus transportation and equipment
$25/day for saw

Cover 2-4 acres/hour
Cover 2-5 acres/hour
Cover 3-5 acres/hour
Cover 5-20 acres/hour
Cover 8-20 scres/hour depending on density or

Cover 1-3 eares/hour
Cover 3-9 acres/hour
Cover 5-10 acres/hour
Cover 2-10 acres/hour

Tractor/truck and driver

3-6 acres/hour

One caretaker reporting actual costs pl.s 511

Labor plus transportation: One reporting: Ba-. *
20e to 50t per tree; unbank @ 25e to 55e per tre-
Mechanical (with Ant Control) averaged 33/"iur
Labor plus cost of wrap; Severae reporting cost

Average for "rgid-thick walled" wrap with inse:c
\gket installed, $2.69 per Vra;

Stake, plant and first watering
Stake, plant, and first waterl5n One -eporting
\c 5' pl:Js '1^
Several caretakers reported a yearly management:
charge of 151 of total grove care service
;costs; 3-55 of fruit sales afte' sutt-acting
ppick and haul cost. 10-201 handling spray a.:
;fertilizer materials. MANADEMENT :rA3'; IS
:FOR SUPERVISION, GROVE CARE OPERATION.

$ 7.70

21.35
0.30

0.55

$ 2.95
1.416
20.38
2.07
0.20

100- 7.000 1,631

ZPlus materials. Caretakers reporting rates include labor, tractor

and sprayer; supply truck included by most caretakers.

Calculated by dividing the total number of caretakers reporting a grove practice rate into the sum reported. Unless otnerd:se
stated, labor included with all charges.

Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Hanagement Economist, Lake Alfred CREC, April 1989.

-- ----

Table 10-A.--Summary of average chemical and fertilizer price estimates

Range of Price Average
Ita Unit Reported Price

Fungicides: Aliette 80WP lb. $ 11.40-8 11.98 8 11.67
Benlate lb. 13.50- 14.25 13.90
Copper lb. 1.06- 1.25 1.16
Koclde 101 lb. 1.81- 1.90 1.84
Oil (Soluble) 435 gal. 1.43- 1.80 1.62
Oil (Soluble) 455 gal. 1.60- 1.80 1.70
Ridomil 2E gal. 141.90- 130.00 131.98
Aidmill 50 lb. 3.50- 3.65 3.54
Insecticides/Nematicides:
Carzol lb. 24.00- 25.90 25.43
Chlorobenzilate gal. 35.00- 35.50 35.25
Comite gal. 58.00
Cygon gal. 29.27- 36.00 33.58
Oiazinon gal. 22.75- 27.00 24.18
Dicofol 4MF gal. 36.91- 38.50 37.88
Ethion gal. 25.30- 27.20 25.84
Cuthion 2L gal. 24.00- 25.00 24.50
Kelthane MF gal. 38.50- 39.70 38.74
Lorsban 4EC gal. 33.50- 36.70 34.58
Lorsban 150 lb. 1.60- 1.65 1.61
Malathion gal. 14.15- 16.00 15.08
Metasystoz-R gal. 32.00- 36.65 34.22
Methyl Bromide 98/2 lb. 0.82
Morestan 25WP lb. 10.50
Nemacur 3EC gal. 52.89
Neacur 150 lb. 2.81- 2.92 2.84
Sevin 80S lb. 3.10- 3.70 3.40
Sulphur 6F gal. 3.60
Sulphur Dust ton 300.00- 380.00 333.33
Supracide gal. 35.55- 36.40 36.15
Temik 150 lb. 3.25- 3.58 3.34
Vapam gal. 6.50- 6.65 6.61
Vendex 50W lb. 16.50
Vendex 4L gal. 131.80- 144.98 134.00
Vorlex gal. 17.50
Vorlex 201 gal. 17.10
Zineb lb. 2.85- 2.90 2.88
Herbicides: DeVine gal. 63.50- 65.00 64.00
Direx gal. 18.00- 19.35 18.34
Fusilade 2000 gal. 88.00- 99.70 90.34
Gramoxone (Paraquat) gal. 37.00- 41.53 38.27
Hyvar L gal. 44.10- 45.71 44.55
Hyvar X lb. 11.10- 11.50 11.18
Karmex lb. 3.60- 3.95 3.86
Krovar I lb. 7.10- 7.81 7.22
Krovar II lb. 8.45- 9.30 8.59
Princep (Caliber 90) lb. 2.60- 2.86 2.72
Princep 4L gal. 11.60- 12.65 12.01
Round-up gal. 55.43- 64.50 61.32
Simazine 90 DF lb. 2.85
Simazine 80W lb. 2.25
Silazine 4L gal. 11.00- 12.60 11.70
Solicam lb. 11.95- 13.15 12.15
Treflan gal. 31.50- 36.67 33.39
Other Spray Materials:
Borates lb. 0.51- 0.58 0.55
Manganese lb. 0.26- 0.33 0.29
Adjuvant (Surfactant) gal. 14.95- 20.00 16.86
Zinc lb. 0.72- 1.05 0.90

(over)

Table 10-A.-Sunmary of average chemical and fertilizer price estimates (cont'd.)

Range of Price Average
Item Unit Reported Price

FERTILIZER (FOB Price ( Plant)

Dry Mix

16-0-16
16-0-16-4 0o
12-2-15-2.4go
8-8-8
8-8-8 v/minors
8-2-8
8-2-8-2 w/minors
6-6-6 w/minors

Liquid Mix

6-0-12
8-0-8
6-2-8
8-4-8
9-3-9
9-1-9
10-0-10
10-2-10
12-0-6
12-3-6

Slow Release (Young Tree)

6-6-6 w/minors (255 Organic)
IBDU
8-4-8
10-3-7
Osmocote
17-6-9 plus minors
On Scott
9-5-8 (sulfur coated
potash and urea)

Other Fertilizer Materials

Ammonium Nitrate (215 Liquid)
Amonium Nitrate (Dry)
Ammonium Sulfate
Calcium Nitrate
Dolomite (at mine)
High Cal Lime (at mine)
Muriate of Potash
Super Phosphate
Triple Superphosphate

Average Delivery Cost

$125.80-$191.00
143.80- 206.00
131.75- 194.00
104.95- 165.00
117.00- 188.00
90.00- 170.00
110.70- 180.00
103.10- 180.00

85.80- 129.00

105.90- 132.00

97.10-
107.20-
94.90-
109.90-

122.00
130.00
142.00
148.00

ton

ton

-

160.00- 190.00
83.42- 160.00
161.62- 210.00
8.95- 13.05
8.00- 8.20
155.00- 205.00
125.00- 190.00
160.00- 235.00

6.00- 12.00

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm
Florida. April 1989.

Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred,

8149.38
165.35
159.38
127.78
142. *
120.80
136.17
138.13

88.10
107.40
95.80
118.95
106.50
111.50
109.55
117.68
118.45
128.95

147.45

272.00
391.00

2,000.00

500.00

105.00
173.69
112.25
179.09
10.99
8.07
165.05
145.00
182.15

9.05

Table 11-A.-Historic pricesa for selected citrus varieties

Variety

Crop Early and mid-c Late season Temple Tan- Tan- Seedy e Seedless grapefruitf
year season oranges oranges oranges gerines gelos grapefruit (white) (pink)

1958-59 $2.65 $3.12 $2.87 $1.62 $3.55 $0.83 $1.11 $1.44
1959-60 1.82 2.07 2.41 2.59 4.29 0.91 1.16 1.05
1960-61 2.86 3.08 3.43 1.51 4.91 0.84 1.05 0.99
1961-62 1.93 1.81 2.17 2.04 3.36 0.51 0.68 0.86
1962-63 2.17 3.50 3.09 3.02 4.66 0.74 1.29 1.81
1963-64 4.43 4.45 4.45 3.18 4.83 1.91 2.24 2.54
1964-65 2.57 2.28 2.77 2.68 4.00 1.13 1.51 1.82
1965-66 1.44 1.79 1.80 2.14 2.85 1.09 1.39 1.64
1966-67 0.81 1.08 0.88 1.06 1.64 0.60 0.73 0.94
1967-68 1.86 2.28 2.79 4.29 3.22 1.48 2.05 2.48
1968-69 1.56 1.83 2.22 2.55 2.47 0.81 0.98 1.15
1969-70 1.15 1.13 1.47 2.23 1.13 1.42 1.72 1.92
1970-71 1.10 1.91 1.91 1.88 1.04 1.68 1.89 2.15
1971-72 1.98 2.11 1.95 2.97 1.69 2.01 2.27 2.69
1972-73 1.43 1.71 1.95 2.37 1.39 1.63 2.06 2.53
1973-74 1.38 1.59 1.64 2.82 1.25 1.31 1.58 2.12 Un
1974-75 1.46 1.82 1.68 3.05 1.45 0.87 1.55 2.59
1975-76 1.69 1.88 1.79 3.02 1.42 0.85 1.29 2.23
1976-77 1.89 2.63 2.16 3.29 1.42 1.20 1.49 2.04
1977-78 3.90 4.40 3.92 4.79 3.29 1.45 1.47 2.09
1978-79 4.44 4.95 4.89 4.99 3.90 1.84 2.21 3.13
1979-80 3.59 3.89 2.89 4.25 2.87 3.04 3.12 3.80
1980-81 3.67 4.63 4.21 5.45 3.92 2.92 3.46 4.22
1981-82 4.27 4.29 4.01 6.23 3.58 1.13 1.92 2.80
1982-83 4.88 5.41 3.99 7.57 4.37 0.70 1.51 3.20
1983-84 5.09 6.72 5.34 5.93 4.28 2.01 2.08 4.05
1984-85 7.30 6.88 5.59 15.91 7.08 2.58 3.02 4.84
1985-86 3.92 3.97 3.01 12.69 4.06 3.27 3.56 4.98
1986-87 4.56 6.02 3.60 10.92 3.72 4.27 4.45 5.80
1987-88g 5.85 7.88 5.07 12.77 5.35 4.89 5.29 5.81

aOn-tree average price per box (1-3/5 bushel
box equivalents) for all methods of sale
minus pick and haul charges.
Source: Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.

Navel and Hamlin
cParson Brown and Pineapple
dValencia

eDuncan
Marsh (white) or pink
Preliminary

Table 12-A.-Debt which can be supported per

1,000.00 annual payment capacity
$1,000.00 annual payment capacity

Rate

Years 9.0% 9.5% 10.0% 10.5% 11.0% 11.5% 12.0% 12.5% 13.0% 13.5% 14.0% 14.5% 15.0%

1 917 913 909 905 901 897 893 889 885 881 877 873 870
2 1,759 1,747 1,754 1,724 1,713 1,701 1,690 1,679 1,668 1,657 1,647 1,636 1,626
3 2,531 2,509 2,487 2,465 2,444 2,423 2,402 2,381 2,361 2,341 2,322 2,302 2,283
4 3,240 3,204 3,170 3,136 3,102 3,070 3,037 3,006 2,974 2,944 2,914 2,884 2,855
5 3,890 3,840 3,791 3,743 3,696 3,650 3,605 3,561 3,517 3,475 3,433 3,392 3,352
6 4,486 4,420 4,355 4,292 4,230 4,170 4,111 4,054 3,998 3,942 3,889 3,836 3,784
7 5,033 4,950 4,868 4,789 4,712 4,640 4,564 4,492 4,423 4,355 4,288 4,224 4,160
8 5,535 5,433 5,335 5,239 5,146 5,056 4,968 4,882 4,799 4,718 4,639 4,562 4,487
9 5,995 5,875 5,759 5,646 5,537 5,431 5,328 5,228 5,132 5,038 4,946 4,858 4,772
10 6,418 6,279 6,145 6,015 5,889 5,768 5,650 5,536 5,426 5,319 5,216 5,116 5,019
11 6,805 6,647 6,495 6,348 6,207 6,070 5,938 5,810 5,687 5,568 5,453 5,341 5,234
12 7,161 6,984 6,814 6,650 6,492 6,341 6,194 6,054 5,918 5,787 5,660 5,538 5,421
13 7,487 7,291 7,103 6,923 6,750 6,583 6,424 6,270 6,122 5,979 5,842 5,710 5,583
14 7,786 7,572 7,367 7,170 6,982 6,801 6,628 6,462 6,302 6,149 6,002 5,861 5,724
15 8,061 7,828 7,606 7,394 7,191 6,997 6,811 6,633 6,462 6,299 6,142 5,992 5,847
16 8,313 8,062 7,824 7,596 7,379 7,172 6,974 6,785 6,604 6,431 6,265 6,106 5,954
17 8,543 8,276 8,022 7,779 7,549 7,329 7,119 6,920 6,729 6,547 6,373 6,207 6,048
18 8,756 8,471 8,201 7,945 7,702 7,470 7,250 7,040 6,840 6,649 6,467 6,294 6,128
19 8,950 8,650 8,365 8,095 7,839 7,596 7,366 7,146 6,938 6,739 6,551 6,370 6,198
20 9,129 8,812 8,514 8,231 7,963 7,710 7,469 7,241 7,025 6,819 6,623 6,437 6,259
25 9,823 9,438 9,077 8,739 8,422 8,123 7,843 7,579 7,330 7,095 6,873 6,663 6,464
30 10,274 9,835 9,427 9,047 8,868 8,364 8,055 7,766 7,496 7,242 7,003 6,778 6,566
35 10,567 10,087 9,644 9,234 8,855 8,503 8,175 7,870 7,586 7,320 7,070 6,836 6,617
40 10,757 10,247 9,779 9,348 8,951 8,587 8,244 7,928 7,634 7,361 7,105 6,866 6,642

aExample. Assumes a $10,000 after tax income at 11.5% interest rate and a 15-year term mortgage, the total
debt which can be supported is $69,970 ($6,997 x 10). At 11.5% interest rate and a 20-year term mortgage, the
total debt which can be supported is $77,100 ($7,710 x 10).
bSee reference number 9 on page 9.

	Front Cover
	Abstract
	Acknowledgements
	Table of Contents
	List of Tables
	Main
	Reference
	Addenda