Ronald P. Muraro
John W. Hebb
Ed W. Stover

Budgeting Costs

EDIS FE 433
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/FE433

and Returns

for Indian River Citrus
Production, 2002-03

Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Food ari KR source Econamks Pcpartinwa
Florida k.-rri,Jurjl Experiment Sltation
Florida Cooperative Extension Service
(GaJncr ilk, F. 32611

September 2003

ABSTRACT

Estimated costs and returns of growing seedless grapefruit in the Indian River area of Florida
are presented for the twentieth year. The format presented may be used by individual growers to
budget costs and returns, utilizing individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Indian River, budgeting, costs and returns, seedless grapefruit.

NOTE: The Indian River production area refers to the citrus producing counties on Florida's east
coast including Brevard, Indian River, Martin, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie counties.

The budgeted cost information presented herein is the most current available. The budget
cost items have be en revised to reflect current grove practices being used by growers--e.g.,
chemical mowing, different spray materials and rates of fertilization, microsprinkler
irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Thus the 2002-03 budget costs reflect reduced fertilizer
for fresh market grapefruit and lower fertilizer and pesticide materials costs and increased
per acre yield due to higher per acre tree densities.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom-managed operation. Therefore, all
equipment costs are based on the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling
and supervision charge is added to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs listed are representative for a
mature citrus grove (10+ years old), the grove care costs for a specific grove site may
differ depending upon the tree age, tree density and the grove practices performed; e.g.,
spot herbicide for grass/brush regrowth under trees could add an additional $16.60 per
acre; Diaprep es control could add $ 69.54 per acre for soil biological control application and
$73.20 per acre for each foliar application; extensive tree loss due to blight or triste za could
substantially increase the tree replacementand care costs; spray applications to control citrus
leafminer and nematicide applications such as Temik ($128.1 1/acre) could increase the total
cultural costs per acre above the average costs shown in the comparative budgets; travel and
set-up costs may vary due to size of the citrus grove and distance from grove equipment barn
and could add $25.98 per acre; etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citms growers and production managers of the Indian River
citrus production area who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.

ABSTRACT

Estimated costs and returns of growing seedless grapefruit in the Indian River area of Florida
are presented for the twentieth year. The format presented may be used by individual growers to
budget costs and returns, utilizing individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Indian River, budgeting, costs and returns, seedless grapefruit.

NOTE: The Indian River production area refers to the citrus producing counties on Florida's east
coast including Brevard, Indian River, Martin, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie counties.

The budgeted cost information presented herein is the most current available. The budget
cost items have be en revised to reflect current grove practices being used by growers--e.g.,
chemical mowing, different spray materials and rates of fertilization, microsprinkler
irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Thus the 2002-03 budget costs reflect reduced fertilizer
for fresh market grapefruit and lower fertilizer and pesticide materials costs and increased
per acre yield due to higher per acre tree densities.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom-managed operation. Therefore, all
equipment costs are based on the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling
and supervision charge is added to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs listed are representative for a
mature citrus grove (10+ years old), the grove care costs for a specific grove site may
differ depending upon the tree age, tree density and the grove practices performed; e.g.,
spot herbicide for grass/brush regrowth under trees could add an additional $16.60 per
acre; Diaprep es control could add $ 69.54 per acre for soil biological control application and
$73.20 per acre for each foliar application; extensive tree loss due to blight or triste za could
substantially increase the tree replacementand care costs; spray applications to control citrus
leafminer and nematicide applications such as Temik ($128.1 1/acre) could increase the total
cultural costs per acre above the average costs shown in the comparative budgets; travel and
set-up costs may vary due to size of the citrus grove and distance from grove equipment barn
and could add $25.98 per acre; etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citms growers and production managers of the Indian River
citrus production area who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABSTRACT .................................................................. i

ACKNOW LEDGEM ENTS .......................................................

LIST OF TABLES ............................................................ iii

INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 1

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION .............................................. 1

COSTS AND INPUTS ................................... ........... ......... 1

THE GROVE SITUATION .................................................... 2

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS .................................. ........... 4

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS ................................................... 5

R EFER EN C E S ..................................................... .......... 11

A D D EN D A ........................................ .............. .......... 12

NOTE: The ADDENDA include a Listing of Grove Care Options for Indian
River Citrus Production for Both Round Oranges and Grapefruit; 2003
custom rate summary report; cost of establishing a citrus grove; etc.
Page 12 is a list of the tables included in the ADDENDA.

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Schedule of production practices and budget items for an Indian River Florida
grapefruit grove, 2002-03 ............................................... 3

2 Calculation of normal production per acre, 2002-03 .......................... 4

3 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit
grove producing for the fresh market, Indian River area, 2002-03 ............... 6

4 Estimated total delivered-in cost for Indian River White grapefruit grown for the
processed juice market under three cultural costprograms, 2002-03 .............. 7

5 Estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh market Indian River White grapefruit, 2002-03 ..... 8

6 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for
a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh fruit market in
the Indian River area, 1998-99-2002-03 ................................... 9

7 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns
(adjusted to 2003 dollars) for a mature, white seedless grapefmit grove producing
citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1998-99-2002-03 ........... 10

BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS FOR INDIAN RIVER
CITRUS PRODUCTION, 2002-03

Ronald P. Muraro, John W. Hebb and Ed W. Stover

INTRODUCTION

Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. Budget analysis can be used to

calculate potential profits from an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation, and to

determine break-even prices. This report presents a budget constructed from current data and serves

as a format for growers to analyze costs and returns from their individual records.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The data presented here were developed by surveying custom operators, input suppliers, growers,

and colleagues at both the Indian River Research and Education Center in Ft. Pierce and the Citrus

Research and Education Center in Lake Alfred and County Extension Citrus Agents in the Indian River

production region. The survey is conducted annually in February and March.

COSTS AND INPUTS

Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus growers as well as the average

of the data obtained from annual custom rate, chemical, and fertilizer surveys. Growers' costs are

shown in the ADDENDA, Table 1-A through 7-A. The custom rate costs are shown in Table 8-A and

the various chemical and fertilizer costs are shown in Table 9-A and 10-A in the ADDENDA. The

budget costs represent a custom-managed operation. Therefore, all equipment costs are based

upon the average custom-rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is adde d to

the material cost.

Although brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA, this does not imply

endorsement by the University of Florida. It is merely an attempt to depict typical production practices.

All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to insert data from a particular

grove. This will allow a comparison of the grower's costs with those presented.

RONALD P. MURARO is a Professor of Food and Resource Economics and Extension Farm
Management Economist stationed at the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred. JOHN
W. HEBB is Extension Agent, Citrus in St. Lucie County, Ft. Pierce. ED W. STOVER is Extension
Horticulturist at the Indian River Research and Education Center, Ft. Pierce.

BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS FOR INDIAN RIVER
CITRUS PRODUCTION, 2002-03

Ronald P. Muraro, John W. Hebb and Ed W. Stover

INTRODUCTION

Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. Budget analysis can be used to

calculate potential profits from an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation, and to

determine break-even prices. This report presents a budget constructed from current data and serves

as a format for growers to analyze costs and returns from their individual records.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The data presented here were developed by surveying custom operators, input suppliers, growers,

and colleagues at both the Indian River Research and Education Center in Ft. Pierce and the Citrus

Research and Education Center in Lake Alfred and County Extension Citrus Agents in the Indian River

production region. The survey is conducted annually in February and March.

COSTS AND INPUTS

Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus growers as well as the average

of the data obtained from annual custom rate, chemical, and fertilizer surveys. Growers' costs are

shown in the ADDENDA, Table 1-A through 7-A. The custom rate costs are shown in Table 8-A and

the various chemical and fertilizer costs are shown in Table 9-A and 10-A in the ADDENDA. The

budget costs represent a custom-managed operation. Therefore, all equipment costs are based

upon the average custom-rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is adde d to

the material cost.

Although brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA, this does not imply

endorsement by the University of Florida. It is merely an attempt to depict typical production practices.

All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to insert data from a particular

grove. This will allow a comparison of the grower's costs with those presented.

RONALD P. MURARO is a Professor of Food and Resource Economics and Extension Farm
Management Economist stationed at the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred. JOHN
W. HEBB is Extension Agent, Citrus in St. Lucie County, Ft. Pierce. ED W. STOVER is Extension
Horticulturist at the Indian River Research and Education Center, Ft. Pierce.

BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS FOR INDIAN RIVER
CITRUS PRODUCTION, 2002-03

Ronald P. Muraro, John W. Hebb and Ed W. Stover

INTRODUCTION

Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. Budget analysis can be used to

calculate potential profits from an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation, and to

determine break-even prices. This report presents a budget constructed from current data and serves

as a format for growers to analyze costs and returns from their individual records.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The data presented here were developed by surveying custom operators, input suppliers, growers,

and colleagues at both the Indian River Research and Education Center in Ft. Pierce and the Citrus

Research and Education Center in Lake Alfred and County Extension Citrus Agents in the Indian River

production region. The survey is conducted annually in February and March.

COSTS AND INPUTS

Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus growers as well as the average

of the data obtained from annual custom rate, chemical, and fertilizer surveys. Growers' costs are

shown in the ADDENDA, Table 1-A through 7-A. The custom rate costs are shown in Table 8-A and

the various chemical and fertilizer costs are shown in Table 9-A and 10-A in the ADDENDA. The

budget costs represent a custom-managed operation. Therefore, all equipment costs are based

upon the average custom-rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is adde d to

the material cost.

Although brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA, this does not imply

endorsement by the University of Florida. It is merely an attempt to depict typical production practices.

All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to insert data from a particular

grove. This will allow a comparison of the grower's costs with those presented.

RONALD P. MURARO is a Professor of Food and Resource Economics and Extension Farm
Management Economist stationed at the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred. JOHN
W. HEBB is Extension Agent, Citrus in St. Lucie County, Ft. Pierce. ED W. STOVER is Extension
Horticulturist at the Indian River Research and Education Center, Ft. Pierce.

THE GROVE SITUATION

Production practices for an Indian River grapefruit grove are shown in Table 1 with times during

the year when they would likely be performed. There are two benefits to developing such a table for

an individual grove. First, it shows what work is needed and when, so that operations can be planned

well in advance. Second, it can be helpful if an annual cash flow analysis is developed to plan

financing. The individual grower may benefit from developing a plan for a particular grove.

Specific production practices vary from grove to grove making it difficult to define a "typical"

grove. Many combinations of practices and various tree variety combinations produce acceptable

yields and returns. Although the example represents a white seedless grapefruit grove, the cost and

return data are designed to be applicable to most grove situations. A grower, realtor, or land appraiser

can substitute individual grove costs and expected returns into the budget format and develop a budget

for a particular grove. A "your cost" column is appropriately provided for this purpose in subsequent

tables.

In the following budget, above average management and cultural practices are assumed. Beyond

this general assumption, the following specifics are assumed.

1. A mature (10+ years old), low volume-irrigated grove;

2. Variety is white seedless on sour orange rootstock;

3. Tree loss is 5.0 percent annually;

4. Trees are pulled and replaced when production falls below

50 percent of expected yield;

5. Production is for fresh market;

6. Tree density is 95 trees per acre; and

7. Custom-caretaker is providing grove management.

As a result of tree losses and replacement, the tree ages will vary. The budget reflects the

following age distribution and yield for Indian River white seedless grapefmit shown in Table 1:

Table 1.--Schedule of production practices and budget items for an Indian River Florida grapefruit grve, 2002-03a

Month

Total revenue:

Less:

Pick & haul cost

DOC advertisement tax

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

20% Final
deposit payment

X

X

Grove expenses:

Chemical
X Mow

Mow

Labor, general grove work, pull vines

Herbicide (sprayed strip estimated as 1/2 grove acre equivalent)

Spray: Post bloom/nutritional

Summer oil/greasy spot

Fall miticide

Supplemental miticide

Fertilizer

42# N/A

Chemical
Mow

X X

42# N/A

42# N/A Dolomite

Hedging and topping Hedge

Brush removal/chop brush Chop brush

Tree removal X

Young tree care X X X X

Microjet irrigation (times/week) 1 1 2 3 3 3 2

Miscellaneous (clean ditches) X

Grove taxes including water management

Interest expense X

Annual principal payment on mortgage X

"This is a suggested schedule of practices. Actual practices would not necessarily be done on the exact schedule shown here.

X

2 2 2

1 1

%of
grove

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

55.0%

5.0%

15.0%

Tree age and condition

pulled and reset

1 year old

2 years old

3 years old

4 years old

5-15 years old

producing 50% of expected yield

over 15 years

Yield
boxes/tree

0.0

0.0

0.0

1.0

1.7

5.5

3.5

7.0

Calculation of normal production p er acre is shown in Table 2. Note that the proportion-of-trees-

by-age column only adds to 85 percent since 15 percent of the trees are non-bearing.

Table 2.--Calculation of normal production per acre, 2002-03

Boxes Total
Age of Tree Trees /tree boxes

Total no. Proportion No. ea.
all ages ea. age" age ---------- No. ----------

3 years 95 x 0.05 4.75 x 1.0 4.8

4 years 95 x 0.05 4.75 x 1.7 8.1

5-15 years 95 x 0.55 52.30 x 5.5 287.7

Prod. 50% of
exp. yield 95 x 0.05 4.75 x 3.5 16.6

Over 15 years 95 x 0.15 14.30 x 7.0 100.1

Total boxes = 417.3

"Proportion adds up to 0.85 (85 percent) as 15 percent of the trees were non-bearing (pulled and
reset, 1 and 2 year old trees).

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS

The estimated budget costs and returns for the Indian River grove situation are shown in Table

3. The budgeted costs represent one possible citms production program and were selected from the

costs shown in the ADDENDA tables. The gross revenue estimates are based on the projected yields

in Table 3 and estimated preliminary on-tree prices for the 2002-03 season. Grove establishment and

reset costs, harvesting and packing charges can be found in Tables 11-A through 15-A in theADDENDA.

Also, historical on-tree prices for selected Florida citrus varieties are shown in Table 16-A of the

ADDENDA.

As shown in Table 3, the total revenue for fresh-market white seedless grapefruit is estimated to
be $1,276.02 per acre. Total specified costs are $1,072.54 and are comprised of grove care costs of
$1,024.54, plus management cost of $48.00. Return to land, trees, and ownership, which represents
net return above variable costs, was estimated to be $203.48 per acre. At 325 and 525 boxes per acre,
respectively, the break-even price required to cover grove care costs for seedless white grapefruit range
from $3.15 to $1.95 per box on-tree and $1.42 to $1.17 per pounds solids delivered-in for eliminations.
Ad valorem taxes, and overhead and administrative costs (such as water drainage district taxes,
crop insurance, and other grower assessments) can add up to 12 percent of the total grove care costs.
These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, variety of fruit, etc. and should be
considered in arriving at a net return to land, trees, and ownership (total return minus total costs).
Harvest costs (pick, roadside, and hauling costs) also add to the total fruit cost delivered to either a
processing plant or fresh fruit packinghouse. Also, average annual debt payment (principal and
interest) may be as high as $460 per acre ($3,900 average debt per acre @ 10 percent interest amortized
over 20 years) which would reduce total available cash for grove expansion or other investment.
Estimated "delivered-in" costs are shown for fresh packed white grapefmit in Table 4.
"Delivered-in" costs include grove care costs (Table 3) plus harvesting, regulatory, and grower
assessment costs. The "delivered-in" cost is presented as a costper acre, per box, per carton, and per
pound solids. Three possible budget cost scenarios are presented (Refer to Table 13-A): 1) Low Cost
Processed Cultural Program; 2) Processed and Reduced Cost Fresh Cultural Program; and 3)
Typical/Historical Fresh Fruit Cultural Program. The first scenario represents costs of a cultural
program directed toward reducing the expenditures for fruit grown primarily for the processed market.
Scenario 2 represents a program using reduced inputs but with production directed at the fresh market.
And the third scenario represents typical costs of grove practices which have been performed for citrus
grown for the fresh fruit market. Modified herbicide and/or spray and fertilizer programs account for
the reduced costs. NOTE: Before modifying a grove management program to reduce costs, an
evaluation of the market program (processed or fresh), yield, and specific cultural problems (nutrition,
disease, etc.) for the specific grove site should be made. Also, in Table 5, the total estimated F.O.B.
cost for fresh packed white grapefruit is shown. The F.O.B. costs are presented for "fresh fruitpackout
percentage rates" ranging from 50 percent to 100 percent.

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS

Annual budgets of costs and returns for mature, fresh, white seedless grapefruit in the Indian
River area have been developed and published the past four years. Estimated cost and return histories
for 1998-99 through 2001-02 along with 2002-03, and a five-year average are presented in Table 6.
The affects of over planting following recent freezes on Florida's annual grapefruit supply has resulted
in a fluctuating on-tree price per box. Despite general reduction in operating costs, annual net return
to land and trees has decreased over the five-year period. To allow comparisons in current values, these
same costs and returns, adjusted to 2003 dollars, are presented in Table 7.

Table 3.--Estimated annualper acre costs and returns for a mature white seedless grapefruit grove producing for the fresh market, Indian River area, 2002-03"

Item Description Amount Your cost

417 boxes ( $3.06O

- ------------ Dollars --- -----

1,276.02

II. Expenses'
Weed control
Mow middles
Chemical mow (Table 2-A, Option #9)
General grove work/sprouting, etc.
Herbicide (Table 2-A, Options #1, #6 )
Spray program (Table 1-A, Options #1, #3, #4 @ 2, #6 & #13)
Fertilizer (Table 3-A, Option #2)
Dolomite(Table 7-A Option #1)
Pruning (maintenance)
Topping
Hedging
Removing/chop brush
Raise skirts of trees
Tree replacement and care
Remove trees (Table 12-A)
Prepare sites, repair mound, and plant resets
Supplemental fertilizer, sprout, etc. (Trees 1-3 years)
Microsprinkler irrigation (Table 7-A, Option #4)
Drainage ditch annual cost (Table 7-A, Option #5)
Total grove care expenses

III. Management

IV. Total specified costs

V. Return (loss) to land, trees, and ownership

VI. Break-even price for total grove care exp enses
Boxes per acre

3 times per year
2 times per year
(2 labor hours per acre)

($279.50/hr. + 10 A/hr.) 2 yrs.
($255.00/hr. + 10 A/hr.) 1.5 yrs.
($8.23/A 1.5 yrs.)
($13.00/A 2 yrs.)
(1 through 3 years)
5 trees per acre
Including 5 trees per acre
Including application

$4.00 per acre per month^

325 375

3.15

2.73

425

$ On-tree price per box
2.41

325 375 425 475 525

$ Delivered-in price per pound solids for eliminations'
1.42 1.33 1.26 1.21 1.17

1.95

aAlthough the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are representative for a mature Indian River white seedless grapefruit grove, the grove care costs for a specific grove site may differ depending upon the grove
practices performed; e g a Temik ap plication would add $128 1 1 per acre; extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza may double the tree rephcement and care costs; traveland set-up costs may vary due to size of citrus grove and
distance from grove equipment barn; etc; truck watering of resets could add another $7 95 per acre (ave rage 5 waterings) Also, material cost for brown citrus aphid control could add $ 10 22 per spray app location
bOn-tree price per box is preliminary; assumes average of all methods of sale (fresh and proc essed) Also, the severe drought affected yields for the 2001-02 season
'Assumes material custom applied; therefore, a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added to material cost
dOther methods to estimate a mamgement cost-e g 5% of gross sales or 10% of total glove care costs--are used in the industry Other methods will give a different return to lnd and trees than reported here
eOther cost items which are notincluded h the budget are ad valorem taxes and interest on grove investment In addition to these cost items, overhead and administrative costs, such as water dranage/district taxes, crop
insurance, and o their grower a ssessme nts, can add up to 12 pe recent to the total grove care costs T hese costs vary from grove to grove depe ending on age, location, and time of purch ase or grove establishment
'Assumes 4 7 pounds solids per box, $2 54 pick and haul cost per box (includes spot picking and fruit drenching plus D O C $0 25 advertising tax and canker decontamination costs), $0 55 per box handlingthrough packnghouse,
and $0 45 per box delivery to processing plant

I. Revenue

29.16
14.06
25.84
141.99

13.95
17.00
5.49
6.50

23.70
57.60
46.75

211.05
338.62
107.13
12.59

42.94

128.05
145.30
38.86
1,024.54
48.00

1.072.54
203.48

Boxes per acre

Table 4.--Estimated total delivered-in cost for Indian River White grapefruit grown for the fresh/processed market under three cultural cost programs, 2002-03

Processed White Grapefruit Fresh Packed White Grapefruit Fresh Packed White Grapefruit
Represents a mature (10+ years old)
Represents a mture (0 years o) Low Cost Reduced Cost Typical/Historical
Indian River White Grapefruit Grove
Cultural Program Cultural Program Cultural Program

Total Production/Cultural Costs

Interest on Operating (Cultural) Costs

Manag ement Co sts

Taxes/Regulatory Costs:
Property Tax/Water Management Tax
Water Drainage District Tax
Fly Protocol Cost
Canker Decontamination Costs
Total Taxe s/Regulatory Costs

Total Direct Grower Costs

Interest on Average Capital Investment Costs

Total Grower Costs

Harvesting and Assessment Costs:
Pick/Spot Pick, Roadside & Haul and
Canker Decontamination
Fruit Drenching (Fresh)
DOC Assessment
Total Harve sting and A assessment C osts

Total Delivered-In Cost

$/Acre $/Box $/P.S.

$796.51

39.83

48.00

$1.910

0.096

0.115

$0.4064

0.0203

0.0245

44.80 0.107 0.0229
60.00 0.144 0.0306

4.54
109.34

$993.68

378.50

$1,372.18

0.011
0.262

$2.383

0.908

$3.291

0.0023
0.0558

$0.5070

0.1931

$0.7001

786.05 1.885 0.4011

83.40
869.45

0.200
2.085

0.0426
0.4436

$2,241.62 $5.376 $1.1437

$/Acre $/Box $/Carton

$997.71

49.89

48.00

44.80
60.00
52.13
4.54
161.47

$1,257.07

378.50

$1,635.57

885.29
70.89
104.25
1,060.43

$2 696.00

$2.393

0.120

0.115

0.107
0.144
0.125
0.011
0.387

$3.015

0.908

$3.922

2.123
0.170
0.250
2.543

$6.465

$1.1963

0.0598

0.0576

0.0537
0.0719
0.0625
0.0054
0.1936

$1.5073

0.4538

$1.9611

1.0615
0.0850
0.1250
1.2715

$3.2326

$/Acre

$1,024.54

51.23

48.00

44.80
60.00
52.13
4.54
161.47

$1,285.24

378.50

$1,663.74

885.29
70.89
104.25
1,060.43

$2,724.17

$/Box $/Carton

$2.457

0.123

0.115

0.107
0.144
0.125
0.011
0.387

$3.082

0.908

$3.990

2.123
0.170
0.250
2.543

$6.533

$1.2285

0.0614

0.0576

0.0537
0.0719
0.0625
0.0054
0.1936

$1.5411

0.4538

$1.9949

1.0615
0.0850
0.1250
1.2715

$3.2664

Two cartons per box Refer to cultural program
Two cartons per box Refer to cultul program Refer to cultural program shown Refer to cultural program shown
P.S. = Pound Solids shown on Table 13-A.
on Table 13-A. in Table 3.
Yield: 417 boxes/acre @ 4.7 P.S. per box Two summer oil sprays with oil, p t A s 10
5Assumes 100% packout aAssumes 100% packout
95 trees per acre copper, and nutritional.

Table 5.--Estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh marketIndian River White grapefrit, 2002-03

Percent Packout 50.00% Percent Packout 60.00% Percent Packout 70.00%
Box Yield Per Acre 417 Box Yield Per Acre 417 Box Yield Per Acre 417
Per Per Per
Packed Packed Packed
Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton

Total Production/
Cultural Costs $1,024.54 $4.914 $2.4569 $1,024.54 $4.095 $2.0474 $1,024.54 $3.510 $1.7550

Interest on Operating
(Cultural) Costs 51.23 0.246 0.1228 51.23 0.205 0.1024 51.23 0.175 0.0877

Management 48.00 0.230 0.1151 48.00 0.192 0.0959 48.00 0.164 0.0822

Taxes/Regulatory 161.47 0.774 0.3872 161.47 0.645 0.3227 161.47 0.553 0.2766

Interest on Average
Capital Investment 378.50 1.815 0.9077 378.50 1.513 0.7564 378.50 1.297 0.6483

Harvesting (Pick/Spot Pick,
Haul, DOC Tax, Etc.) 1,060.43 5.086 2.5430 1 060.43 4.238 2.1192 1060.43 3.633 1.8164

Total Delivered-In Cost $2,724.17 $13.066 $6.5328 $2,724.17 $10.888 $5.4440 $2,724.17 $9.333 $4.6663

Packing & Selling (Export) 1,573.34 7.546 3.7730 1,888.01 7.546 3.7730 2,202.68 7.546 3.7730

Net Fresh Eliminations
Costs" -310.87 -1.491 -0.7455 -248.70 -0.994 -0.4970 -186.52 -0.639 -0.3195

Total F.O.B. Costs $3 986 64 $19.121 $9.5603 $4.363.48 $17.440 $8.7200 $4.740.32 $16.240 $8.1198

Percent Packout 80.00% Percent Packout 90.00% Percent Packout 100.00%
Box Yield Per Acre 417 Box Yield Per Acre 417 Box Yield Per Acre 417
Per Per Per
Packed Packed Packed
Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton

Total Production/
Cultural Costs $1,024.54 $3.071 $1.5356 $1,024.54 $2.730 $1.3650 $1,024.54 $2.457 $1.2285

Interest on Operating
(Cultural) Costs 51.23 0.154 0.0768 51.23 0.136 0.0682 51.23 0.123 0.0614

Management 48.00 0.144 0.0719 48.00 0.128 0.0639 48.00 0.115 0.0576

Taxes/Regulatory 161.47 0.484 0.2420 161.47 0.430 0.2151 161.47 0.387 0.1936

Interest on Average
Capital Investment 389.85 1.169 0.5843 389.85 1.039 0.5194 389.85 0.935 0.4674

Harvesting (Pick/Spot Pick,
Haul, DOC Tax, Etc.) 06043 3.179 1.5894 1 060.43 2.826 1.4128 1060.43 2.543 1.2715

Total Delivered-In Cost $2,735.52 $8.200 $4.1000 $2,735.52 $7.289 $3.6444 $2,735.52 $6.560 $3.2800

Packing & Selling (Export) 2,517.35 7.546 3.7730 2,832.01 7.546 3.7730 3,146.68 7.546 3.7730

Net Fresh Eliminations
Costs -124.35 -0.373 -0.1864 -62.17 -0.166 -0.0828 0.00 0.000 0.0000

Total F.O.B. Costs $5.128.51 $15.373 $7.6866 $5.505.36 $14.669 $7.3346 $5.882.20 $14.106 $7.0530

a "Net Eliminations Cost" equals the average yield of 4.70 pound solids per box times $0.53 per pound solids less packinghouse elimination charge and
cannery hauling charge of $1.00 per box.

Table 6.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefmit grove
producing citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1998-99-2002-03

On-tree Gross Total grove Total specified Net return to land,
Year price/box" Yield revenue care expenses costsf trees, and ownership

---------------------------------------- Dollars --------------------------------

1998-99 $1.95 469' 914.55 922.55 970.55 (56.00)

1999-00 $4.20 469c 1,969.80 951.47 999.47 970.33

2000-01 $2.15 425d 913.75 974.46 1,022.46 (108.71)

2001-02 $1.95 417e 813.15 1,008.77 1,056.77 (243.62)

2002-03 $3.06b 417e 1,276.02 1,024.54 1,072.54 203.18

5-yr. avg. $2.66 439 1,167.74 976.36 1,024.36 143.38

'On-tree prices for all sales methods as reported by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.
bPreliminary estimate by authors at time of printing and is not a published price.

CHigher per acre yield is due to increased average tree density of white grapefruit groves in the Indian River production region.
dThe severe drought affected yields for the 2001-02 season.

'Increased tree loss due to citrus tristeza virus reduced yields.

fA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not included.

Table 7.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5 -year average costs and returns (adjusted to 2003 dollars) for a mature, white
seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1998-99-2002-03

Adjusted
Inflation on-tree Gross Total specified Net return to land,
Year factor index" price/box Yield revenue costs trees, and ownership

--------------------------- Dollars --------------------

1998-99 109.6 $2.14 469 1,003.66 1,063.72 (60.06)

1999-00 103.7 $4.36 469 2,044.84 1,036.45 1,008.39

2000-01 102.5 $2.20 425 935.00 1,048.02 (113.02)

2001-02 105.0 $2.05 417 854.85 1,109.61 (254.76)

2002-03 100.0 $3.06 417 1,276.02 1,072.54 203.18

5-yr. avg. -- $2.76 439 1,211.64 1,066.07 145.57

'Producer price index for each year adjusted to 2003 prices (2003 100), with 2003 consumer price index estimated to be 137.6. Producer
price index for other years are: 1999 125.5; 2000 132.7; 2001 -134.2; and 2002 131.1.

bA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not included.
(Refer to Table 6.)

11

REFERENCES

1. Citrus Summary 2001-02. Florida Agricultural Statistics Service. Florida Agricultural Statistics.
January 2003.

2. Muraro, Ronald P. "A Listing of Estimated Comparative Indian River Citrus Production Costs
Per Acre for 2002-03." Lake Alfred Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC) Report.
Lake Alfred, FL: June 2003.

3. ____. "Cost for Establishing, Planting, and Maintaining a Citrus Grove through Four Years
of Age, South Florida Flatwoods Area." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: Nov.
1989.

4. __ _. "Estimated Cost of Planting and Maintaining a Reset Citrus Tree through Three Years
of Age." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: Dec. 2000.

5. __ _. "A Listing of 2003 Custom Rates Reported by Twenty-two Indian River and South
Florida Citrus Caretakers." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: June 2003.

6. Savage, Zach. Citrus Yields Per Tree Age. Univ. of Fla. Agr. Ext. Ser. 60-8. Gainesville: 1960.

7. Timmer, L. W. (Ed.). 2003 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext.
Svc. SP 43. Gainesville: Jan. 2003. 150 pp.

8. Tucker, D. P. H., A. K. Alva, L. K. Jackson, and T. A. Wheaton (Eds.). Nutrition of Florida
Citrus Trees. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc. SP 169. Gainesville: 1995. 61 pp.

12

ADDENDA: Listing of Grove Care Options for Indian River Citrus Production for Both Round
Oranges and Grapefruit'

Page
Table 1-A Spray options .................................................... 13
Post bloom spray ................................................. 13
Sum m er spray ........................................... ....... 14
F all spray ............................................... ........ 15

Table 2-A H erbicide options ................................................. 16

Table 3-A Dry fertilizer options .............................................. 18

Table 4-A. Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application) ............................ 19

Table 5-A N em aticides options ............................................... 20

Table 6-A. Soil amendment options ............................................ 20

Table 7-A. Irrigation--annual cost per acre ...................................... 21
D rip ...... ............ ..... ............ ......... .... ...... ... 2 1
M icrosprinkler .................................................... 21
Drainage ditch annual costs ......................................... 21

Table 8-A. A listing of 2003 custom rates reported by twenty-five Indian River and South
Florida citrus caretakers ............................................ 22

Table 9-A. 2003 summary of average chemical price estimates ...................... 24

Table 10-A. 2003 summary of average fertilizer price estimates ....................... 26

Table 11-A. Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four
years of age, South Florida flatwoods area ............................. 28

Table 12-A. Estimated cost of planting and maintaining a reset citrus tree through three
years of age, December 2000 .......................................... 29

Table 13-A. A listing of estimated comparative Indian River citrus production costs per
acre, 2002-03 .......................................... ......... 30

Table 14-A. Estimated average picking, roadsiding and hauling charges for Florida citrus,
2002-03 ................. ............................ .......... 31

Table 15-A. Estimated average packing charges for Florida citrus, 2002-03 ............... 32

Table 16-A. Historic prices for selected citrus varieties .............................. 33

Table 17-A. Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity ........ 34

Abbreviations forimportant chemicals are:
Cu Copper Mg Magnesium N Nitrogen
Fe Iron Mn Manganese Zn Zinc

"The costs in the ADDENDA represent a custom managed operation. Therefore, all equipment costs
are based upon the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added
to the material cost.

Table 1-A.--Spray options

POST BLOOM SPRAY

Spray Option #1

Spray Option #2

Spray Optiol

Spray Optiol

Materials/Ingredients

Ethion
Cu (50% metallic)
Zn
Mn

Ground Application
(PTO driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Ethion
Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%

Ground Application
(Curtec sprayer)

Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

5 pts
7 lbs
5 lbs
10 lbs

250 gals

Cost/Acre

$ 23.20
9.80
4.35
3.40

28.50

Your
Cost/Acre

$69.25

Amount
/Acre

5 pts
10 lbs
3 gals

25 GPA

Cost/Acre

$23.20
14.00
7.44

Your
Cost/Acre

20.67

$65.31

Amount
n #3 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Cu (50% metallic) 7 lbs $ 9.80
Oil 97+% 5 gals 12.40
Ground Application 250 gals 28.50
(PTO driven airblast)
Total per Application $50.70

n #4

Materials/Ingredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Ground Application
(PTO driven airblast)
Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

7 lbs
150 gals

Cost/Acre

$ 9.80
24.85

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

$34.65

Table 1-A.--Spray options (cont'd.)

SUMMER SPRAY

Spray Optiol

Spray Optiol

Spray Optioi

Spray Optioi

Amount
n #5 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre
Oil 97+% 5 gals $12.40
Cu (50% metallic) 7 lbs 9.80
Ethion 4EC 6 pts 27.84
Ground Application 250 gals 28.50
(PTO driven airblast)
Total per Application $78.54

n #6

Materials/Ingredients
Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%
Agri-Mek
Ground Application
(PTO driven airblast)

Amount
/Acre
7 lbs
5 gals
10 ozs
500 gals

Cost/Acre
$ 9.80
12.40
51.90
34.70

Total per Application $108.80

Amount
n #7 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre
Cu (50% metallic) 7 lbs $ 9.80
Oil 97+% 10 gals 24.80
Agri-Mek 5 ozs 25.95
Ground Application 500 gals 34.70

(PTO driven airblast)

Total per Application $95.25

Amount
n #8 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Enable
Oil 97+%
Micromite
Ground Application
(PTO driven airblast)

8 oz
5 gals
1.25 lbs
250 gals

$12.40
12.40
42.93
28.50

Total per Application $96.23

Amount
n #9 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Cu (50% metallic) 7 lbs $ 9.80
Oil 97+% 5 gals 12.40
Zn 5 lbs 4.35
Mn 10 lbs 3.40
B 0.25 lbs 1.33
Ground Application 250 gals 28.50

(PTO driven airblast)
Total per Application

$59.78

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Spray Optio

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 1-A.-Spray options (cont'd.)

SUMMER SPRAY (cont'd.)

Spray Option #10 Materials/Inredients

(Scale insects) Lorsban 4EC
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application

FALL SPRAY

Spray Optiol

Spray Optiol

Spray Optiol

Spray Optiol

Amount
n #11 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Vendex 50WP 2 lbs $32.72
Thiolux 80 DF (sulfur) 15 lbs 11.10

Ground Application 250 gals 28.50
(PTO driven airblast)

Total per Application $72.32

Amount
n #12 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Kelthane MF 6 pts $28.08

Aerial Application 15 GPA 7.55

Total per Application $35.63

Amount
i #13 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Vendex WP 2 lbs $32.72

Ground Application 100 GPA 20.42
(PTO driven airblast)

Total per Application $53.14

Amount
n #14 Materials/Ingredients /Acre Cost/Acre

Thiolux 80 DF (sulfur) 15 lbs $11.10

Aerial Application 15 GPA 7.55

Total per Application $18.65

Amount
/Acre

5 pts
500 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$28.40
34.70

$63.10

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 2-A.--Herbicide options

Herbicide Option #1

(Strip/band)

Herbicide Option #2

(Strip/band)

Herbicide Option #3

(Strip/band)

Materials

Solicam 80DF
Karmex WP
Roundup Ultra Max
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre

3 lbs
4 lbs
2 qts

Amount/
Treated Acre

Materials

Surflan A80 DF
Simazine 4L
Roundup Ultra Max
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Materials

Karmex WP
Roundup Ultra Max
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

2 qts
4 qts
2 qts

Cost/
Grove Acre"

$24.87
8.12
12.10
12.25

$57.31

Cost/
Grove Acre"

$19.44
7.16
12.10
12.25

$50.95

Amount/ Cost/
Treated Acre Grove Acre"

4 lbs
2 qts

$ 8.12
12.10
12.25

$32.47

Herbicide Option #4

(Strip/band)

Materials

Solicam 80DF
Simazine 4L
Roundup Ultra Max
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Amount/ Cost/
Treated Acre Grove Acre"

4 lbs
4 qts
2 qts

$24.87
7.16
12.10
12.25

$56.38

"With respect to herbicide materials, Amount Per Grove Acre does not equal Amount Per Treated Acre
shown on the label. Only a strip or band is being treated. In this report, it is assumed that only one-half of
a grove surface is being treated.

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Table 2-A.--Herbicide options (cont'd.)
Amount/ Cost/
Herbicide Option #5 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acre'

(Strip/band) Roundup Ultra Max 2 qts $12.10
Ground Application 12.25
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application $24.35

Amount/ Cost/
Herbicide Option #6 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acre'

(Strip/band) Krovar I 5 lbs $29.35
Roundup Ultra Max 2 qts 12.10
Ground Application 12.25
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application $53.70

Amount/ Cost/
Herbicide Option #7 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acrea

(Strip/band) Roundup Ultra Max 2 qts $12.10
Princep (Caliber 90) 4 lbs 6.60
Ground Application 12.25
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application $30.95

Amount/ Cost/
Herbicide Option #8 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acre'

(Strip/band) Direx 4L 3 qts $ 7.14
Solicam 3 lbs 24.87
Ground Application 12.25
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application $44.26

Amount/ Cost/
Herbicide Option #9 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acre'

(Chemical mow) Roundup Ultra Max 1 pt $ 3.03
Ground Application 4.00
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application $7.03

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Table 2-A.--Herbicide options (cont'd.)

Herbicide Op

(Chemical n

Herbicide Op

(Spot treat
grass/brush

Amount/

Cost/

)tion #10 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acre'

now) Roundup Ultra Max 1.5 pts $ 4.55

Ground Application 4.00
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application $ 8.55

Amount/ Cost/
tion #11 Materials Treated Acre Grove Acrea

lent for Roundup Ultra Max 2 qts $12.10
regrowth

under trees) Ground Application 4.50
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application $16.60

Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer options

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #1 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

(100 lbs N/Acre) 12-2-12-2.4 MgO 835 lbs $ 67.64

Application 3 times 22.89

Total for 3 Applications $90.53

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #2 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

(125 lbs N/Acre) 12-2-12-2.4 MgO 1040 lbs $ 84.24

Application 3 times 22.89

Total for 3 Applications $107.13

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #3 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

(162 lbs N/Acre) 12-2-12-2.4 MgO 1350 lbs $109.35

Application 3 times 22.89

Total for 3 Applications $132.24

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer options (cont'd.)

Analysis/Material

Option #4

(180 lbs N/

Amount

Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

Acre) 15-2-15-2.4 MgO 1200 lbs $109.20
Application 3 times 22.89
Total for 3 Applications $132.09

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #5 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

(204 lbs N/Acre) 17-4-17-2.4 MgO 1200 lbs $118.80
Application 3 times 22.89
Total for 2 Applications $141.69

Option #6

(225 lbs N/Acre)

Analysis/Material
Applied

15-2-15-2.4 MgO
Application
Total for 3 Applications

Amount
/Acre

1500 lbs
3 times

Cost/Acre

$136.50
22.89
$159.39

Your
Cost/Acre

Table 4-A.--Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application)

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #1 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

(180 lbs N/Acre) 10-0-10 1800 lbs $111.60
Double Boom Application 3 times 43.50
Total for 3 Applications $155.60

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #2 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

(180 lbs N/Acre) 10-2-10 1800 lbs $117.00
Double Boom Application 3 times 43.50
Total for 3 Applications $160.50

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Option #3

(180 lbs N/Acre)

Analysis/Material
Applied

10-0-10
Solicam 80DF
Karmex WP
Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications

*Treated acre (one herbicide application)

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount
/Acre

1800 lbs
3 lbs*
4 lbs*
3 times

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$111.60
24.87
8.12
43.50
$188.09

Table 5-A.--Nematicides options

Analysis/Material Amount
Option #1 Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

Temik 15G 33 lbs $113.85

Application 1 time 14.26

Total per Application $128.11

Table 6-A.--Soil amendment options

Option #1

(Every 3 yc

Option #2

(Every yea

Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

ars) Dolomite (Delivered) 1 ton $30.14

Application 1 time 7.63

Total for 1 Application $37.77

(Average 1/3 Ton Applied/Yr) $12.59

------------ -A nalysis/M aterial ---- ---- Am ount- ------------ ---

Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

r) Dolomite (Delivered) 1000 lbs $15.07

Application 1 time 7.63

Total per Application $22.70

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

e

Table 7-A.-Irrigation--annual cost per acre

DRIP

Your Your
Option #1 Cost/Acre Option #2 Cost/Acre
Operating (Electric) (Diesel)
$ 43.86 $ 39.46
Maintenance of System 41.05 40.84

Total Cash Expenses $ 84.91 $ 80.30

Fixed Depreciation Expense 42.35 45.25

Total Cash and Fixed Expenses $127.26 $125.55

MICROSPRINKLER

Your Your
Option #3 Cost/Acre Option #4 Cost/Acre
Operating (Electric) (Diesel)
$ 49.87 $ 41.98
Maintenance of System 45.75 46.76

Total Cash Expenses $ 95.62 $ 88.74

Fixed Depreciation Expense 52.94 56.56

Total Cash and Fixed Expenses $148.56 $145.30

DRAINAGE DITCH ANNUAL COSTS
Your
Option #5 Cost/Acre

Ditches/Canals Maintenance ($41.88/acre + 3 years) $14.76
Weed Control in Ditches/Canals 13.05
Water Control: In/Out of Ditches and Canals 11.05
Total $38.86

Table 8-A.--A listing of 2003 custom rates reported by twenty-two Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' Comments

CULTIVATION AND EQUIPMENT:

Hand Labor
Mechanic Labor
Rotovate
Disc 7-8'
Disc 10'
Mow: 7-8'
9-10'
9-10'
15-16'
V-Mower
Sickle Mower
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Single Boom)
Herbicides (Strip/Band-Single Boom)
Herbicides (Strip/Band-DoubleBoom)
Herbicide& (ChemicalMow)
Temik'
Plow
Backhoe
Vine Puller/Deviner
Middle Buster
Mound Builder
Grader Blade
Caterpillar Grader
Bush Hog
Water Truck with Driver
Pickup Truck with Driver
Flatbed/Transport Truck with Driver
Tractor with Driver
ATV with Driver

Hour $11.00- $15.00 $12.92 Plus transportation and equipment
Hour 30.00- 40.00 34.48 Labor and service truck
Hour 30.00- 40.00 35.94
Hour 26.00- 37.50 31.32
Hour 32.25- 37.50 34.35
Hour 30.00- 33.00 30.66
Hour 30.00- 37.50 32.93
Acre 9.00- 11.00 9.72
Hour 35.00- 40.00 37.79 Average $8.75/acre
Hour 30.00- 34.00 31.56 Average $8.87/acre
Hour 34.00
Hour 32.00- 38.00 35.00
Acre 12.00- 13.40 12.69 Plus materials
Acre 11.50- 13.00 12.25 Plus materials
Acre 2.50- 7.00 4.00 Plus materials
Acre 10.00- 13.00 11.83 Plus materials
Hour 30.00- 37.50 33.33
Hour 40.00- 50.00 46.28
Hour 30.00- 31.00 30.33
Hour 30.00- 37.50 34.13 With tractor and driver; 2.50 per foot
Hour 33.00- 37.50 34.50 With tractor and driver; 250 each mound
Hour 28.00- 37.50 33.00 Tractor/blade and driver
Hour 55.00
Hour 35.00- 41.00 37.83
Hour 30.00- 35.00 33.04
Hour 24.00- 35.00 38.78 Average miles traveled per year: Pick-up truck 24,990 miles
Hour 35.00- 50.00 35.70
Hour 27.50- 40.00 30.73
Hour 18.00- 25.00 21.70

SPRAYING.

1,000 Gal Tank with

PTO AIR BLAST SPRAYER

S 1,000 Gal Tank without
lE U S i

500 GPA
250 GPA
125 GPA
100 GPA
Curtec (25 GPA)

Aerial
Aerial
Aerial
Aerial

FERTILIZING.

Liquid Boom Application:
Single Boom
Double Boom
Dry (Bulk)
Lime or Dolomite
Fertilize Young Trees. Hand Spread
Fert. Spreader

35.00- 40.00 37.75
28.00- 35.00 31.20
23.00- 27.50 25.38

20.00- 22.00 20.67

30.00-
25.00-
23.50-
19.75-

35.00 34.70
30.00 28.50
25.00 23.93
21.00 20.42

Fixed Wing: $ 4.93/acre @ 5 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: $ 6.07/acre @ 10 gallons per acre HueyHelicopter $15.00/acre @ 10 GPA
Fixed Wing: $ 7.55/acre @ 15 gallons per acre HueyHelicopter $30.00/acre @ 15 GPA
Fixed Wing: $11.02 /acre @ 20 gallons per acre

Acre $ $ $12.50
Acre 12.25
Acre 6.00- 8.25 7.02 $12.00/acre with electronic sensing technology
Acre 7.00- 8.25 7.63 Average $34.13 (includes material)
Hour 11.00- 15.00 12.92 Plus tran sportati on and m materials
Hour 26.00- 33.00 29.80 Plus materials; Average $725/acre; $12.00/acre with electronic sensing

IRRIGATION:

Ditch Mower Hour $35.00- $45.00 $41.00
Water Furrow Disc Hour 30.00- 37.50 34.10
Water Furrow Cleaner Hour 33.00- 34.00 33.33
Water Furrow Shaper (Non-Laser) Hour 35.00- 42.00 38.11
Water Furrow Shaper (Laser Control) Hour 70.00- 75.00 72.67
Rotary Ditcher or Auger Hour 30.00- 37.50 34.63
Microsprinkler/Drip Irrigation Maintenance Acre/Month 3.50- 4.50 3.85 Check & repair system; parts extra
Microsprinkler 28.75/setting; $32.33/h our (truck and driver) Start/stop and supervision

(OVER)

500 Gal
I I A

Engine Driven
500 Gal

34.95
29.47
23.40

Electronic Sensi e

Table 8-A.--A listing of 2003 custom rates reported by twenty-two Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers (cont'd.)

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Ratey Comments

REMOVING TREES:

Front-end Loader
Tree Shearing (Cutting Tree at Ground Level)

PRUNING:
Power Saw with Operator
Hedging:
Double Side (Tractor Pulled)
Double Side (Tractor Mounted)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Double Side Rotary Boom (Self Propelled)'
Double Side Self-Propelled Fixed Boom Hedgerx
Topping:
Tractor Pulled
Tractor Pulled (Fixed Boom)

Double Sided Topper(Self Propelled)
Double Boom (Self Propelled)
Limb Lifter/Tree Skirt Trimmer
Limb Lifter/Tree Skirt Trimmer (Double Sided Rotary)
Removing Brush:
Haul Brush out of Grove (Front-end Loader)
Mow/Chop Brush
Mulching

OTHER CUSTOM RATES:

Install Tree Wraps
Plant Trees (Solid Set)
Plant Trees (Resets)
Travel/Setup Charge
Grove Management Charge/Month:
Supervising Grow Care Operations
Handling Fruit Marketing
Supervising/Handling Ch emicals/Fertilizer

Charge for personnel to oversee harvesting operations
and coordinate harvest in different blocks/grows and
keeping of harvesting laborcompliance records.

Consulting
Total Reported Acreage Provided Grove Service to:

Hour $50.00- $57.20 $52.53 Avg. range 3-15 trees per hour
Hour 50.00- 60.00 54.29 Avg. range 5-20 trees per hour

Hour $17.00- $21.50 $ 19.81

100.00- 145.00

225.00- 265.00

265.00- 300.00

Hour 50.00- 55.00
Hour 32.00- 40.00
Hour -

130.00
200.00

6 to 10 acres/hour

255.00 8 to 20 acres/hour depending on wood size; $14 07/acre annual cut
300.00 5 to 15 acres/hour bedtops only; add 25% for furrows only
360.00 12 to 30 acres/hour-bed top only; 8 to 20 acres-bed top
\and furrow; depending on wood size
115.00 2-5 acres/hour depending on wood size
360.00 5 to 12 acres/hour rooftop; 10 to 20 aces flattop cut from bed
\topsannual maintenance cut
279.00 Avg. 8-15 acres depending on wood size type of cut; $25/acre
550.00 15 to 30 acres flattop cut from bed tops annualmaint. cut
13.00 3 to 5 acres/hour
130.00 6 to 20 acres/hour

51.14 Average $8.00/acre
36.58
250.00

$0.15 $0.45/tree depending on type of wrap and number of trees; Annual maintenance cost: 250/tree
Tree $ 0.90- $ 1.50 $ 1.15 Varies as to density
Tree 2.00- 3.25 2.31 Varies as to the number of resets
Hour 25.23

Acre 3.00- 5.75 4.29 In addition to caretaking charges
$0.10-$0.25/box -For Supervising and Marketing fruit
10% to 20% of materials cost; averaged 13%

Box $ 0.10- $ 0.25

Hour $ 85.00 $200.00 $136.00 Horticultural Evaluation and/or Financial Analysis/prospectus.
Acre 1,400- 8,000 3,225 Total acre reporting: 45,150

Source: Ronald P. Murar, Extension Farm Management Economist Lake Alfred CREC, June 2003.

'Plus materials. Caretakers reporting rates include labor, tractor and sprayer; supplytruck included by most caretakers.
YCalculated by dividing the totalnumber of caretakers reporting a grove practice rate into the sum reported. Unless otherwise stated, laborincluded with all charges.
'Low acres is for 2 years regrowth hedging; high acres is for annual maintenance hedging.

Table 9-A.--2003 summary of average chemical price estimates

Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (2003)

Fungicides:

Abound
Aliette 80WP
Basic Copper Sulfate (53%)
Copper (50%) (Kocide 101)
Carbamate 76WP
Enable 2F
Headline
Nu-Cop 50DF
Oil 435 or 455
Ridomil Gold Granular
Ridomil Gold EC

Insecticides/Nematicides:

Admire 2F
Agri-Mek (0.15EC)
Bacillus thuringienses
Comite 6.55 EC
Danitol
Ethion
Guthion 50WP
Kelthane MF
Lorsban 4EC
Lorsban 15G
Malathion 5 EC
Micromite 25WP
Microthiol 80DF
Nexter WP
Sevin 80S
Sevin XLR
Sulphur 6F
Temik 15G
Thiolux 80 DF
Vendex 50W

gal.
lb.
lb.
lb.
lb.
40 oz.
gal.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.

235.00
9.96
1.27
1.96
3.13
56.40
220.00
1.80
2.25
5.35
604.15

522.50
604.00
9.92
80.95
141.67
33.75
9.78
34.00
41.25
1.76
20.09
31.22
0.67
100.44
4.57
25.93
2.65
3.14
0.67
14.88

Table 9-A.--2003 summary of average chemical price estimates (cont'd.)

Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (2003)

Herbicides: Direx 4L
Direx 80 DF
Fusilade DX
Gramoxone (Paraquat)
Hyvar X
Karmex
Krovar I
Mandate 2E
Poast Plus 1.0 EC
Princep (Caliber 90)
Princep 4L
Rodeo (30 gal drum)
Roundup (30 gal drum)
Roundup Ultra Max
Simazine 90 DF
Simazine 4L
Solicam 80 DF
Surflan AS
Touchdown
Growth Regulators:
Citrus Fix
Pro-Gibb 3.91%

Other Spray Materials:
Borates (15%)
Manganese (32%)
Zinc (78%)
Nutritional Spray Mix:
Dyna Gold MZF

gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.
lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.
gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.

gal.
32 oz. bottle

17.24
3.49
123.57
33.65
18.19
3.69
10.68
180.63
53.97
3.00
13.71
72.69
27.75
44.00
2.72
13.00
15.08
70.73
35.67

284.48
37.56

0.74
0.31
0.79

6.41

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, August 2003.

Table 10-A.--2003 summary of average fertilizer price estimates

Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (2003)

FERTILIZER (FOB Price @ Plant)
$
Dry Mix (Bulk)
17-0-17-3Mg ton 177.44
17-4-17-2.4Mg ton 180.46
16-0-16 ton 166.08
16-0-16-4Mg ton 174.36
16-2-16-3Mg ton 175.82
15-2-15-2.4Mg ton 165.26
12-2-12-2.4Mg ton 147.78
8-8-8 w/minors* ton 145.30
8-4-8 w/minors* ton 128.44
8-2-8 w/minors* ton 126.26
6-6-6 w/minors* ton 127.03

Liquid Mix (Bulk)
8-2-8 ton 112.48
8-4-8 ton 107.08
9-3-9 ton 109.54
9-4-9 ton 124.19
10-0-10 ton 111.81
10-2-10 ton 118.71
12-0-6 ton 110.49
12-3-6 ton 108.41

*With organic nitrogen, the price averaged 25% higher.

Table 10-A.--2003 summary of average fertilizer price estimates (cont'd.)

Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (2003)

Other Fertilizer Materials (Bulk)
Ammonium Nitrate (21% N Liquid) ton 124.75
Ammonium Nitrate (33.5% N Dry) ton 187.38
Ammonium Sulfate (21% N) ton 101.67
Calcium Nitrate (19% Ca, 15.5% N) ton 207.69
Dolomite (at mine-49% CaCO3, 36% MgCO3) ton 16.49
Muriate of Potash (60% K20) ton 162.02
Potassium Nitrate (14% N; 46% K20) ton 373.26
Sul-Po-Mag (SPM--21.9% K20) ton 162.50
Super Phosphate (20% P205) ton 143.31
Triple Superphosphate (48% P205) ton 172.94
Urea ton 373.26
Average Delivery Cost ton 12.00

Foliar Macronutrients
N-Sure 28-0-0 (72% SRN)** gal. 6.39
Phos Might 0-22-20 gal. 21.87
Nutriphite 0-28-26 gal. 26.67
MKP (0-52-34) (Mono-Potassium Phosphate) lb. 0.65
DKP (0-18-20) (Di-Potassium Phosphate) gal. 2.50

**SRN, Slow Release Nitrogen

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, August 2003.

Table 11-A.--Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four years of age, South Florida flatwoods area

Cost Per Acre
Range Average

$ $
Land Cost:' Improved Pasture Land 1,700-2,500 2,050
Raw Land and Semi-improved Pasture 1,150-1,800 1,450
Land Preparation: Pasture and Light Palmettos 125- 275 195
(Clearing) Raw Land (heavy pines, palmettos) 350- 600 465
Leveling: With Laser 200- 350 275
Without Laser 100- 250 160
Bedding: 2-rows (short rows 1,350+ feet) 100- 195 130
Soil Amendments: Dolomite 1 ton 35
Super Phosphate, 400 lbs. 30
Canals, Ditches and Dikes 150- 260 195
Reservoirs and Roads 130- 180 155
Throw-out Pumps for Water Movement 45- 60 55
Culverts 65- 135 85
Middle Drop Drainage Pipes 45- 95 105
Drainage Tile 140- 160 150
Cover Crop 9- 16 12
Irrigation System: Microsprinkler with Well2 850-1,500 1,000
without Well 525-1,200 700
Drip with Well 775-1,050 875
without Well 400- 825 560
Water Permits, Environmental Studies, and Engineering: Cost 40- 90 70
Time in Months 5- 12 8
Percent Land Utilization: Planted to Citrus 55%- 85% 71%
Ditches and Canals 5%- 10% 8%
Water Retention 10%- 30% 15%
Roads and Service Areas 3%- 15% 6%

South Florida
Year
1 2 3 4

Solidset Planted Trees' ----------- Cost Per Tree ---------

Microsprinkler Irrigation and Ditch Maintenance $0.40 $0.50 $0.65 $0.85
Fertilize Tree 0.25 0.40 0.55 0.56
Supplemental Fertilization thru Irrigation 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.29
Spray 0.30 0.40 0.47 0.50
Insulated Tree Wrap (annual maintenance) 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.00
Sprouting (labor) 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00
Cultivation/Mowing 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Herbicide 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54
Ridomil/Aliette 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.00
Miscellaneous 0.43 0.49 0.42 0.48
Total Cost Per Year $3.31 $3.77 $3.62 $3.66

Reset Trees (annual additional grove care costs) $2.13 $2.47 $1.84

Cost of Planting Trees4 Solidset $5.00 Reset = $6.30

'Land cost will vary from one county to another as well as from one parcel to another.

Irrigation costs include distribution system, power unit and well (where indicated.) The higher cost ranges reported also included a cost for fertigation
equipment.

3The per tree costs shown are applicable for tree densities of 145 to 165 trees per acre. The per tree costs should be decreased forhigher density plantingsand
increased for lower density plantings; e.g, at 200 trees per acre decrease costs by 15%; at 115 trees per acre increase costs by 15%.

'Tree cost (bare root) = $3.25; stake,plant, and water tree = $1.25 (solidset) and $2.55 (resets); and uninsulated tree wrap = $0.50.

Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Farm Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL, November 1989.

Table 12-A.--Estimated cost of planting and maintaining a reset citrus tree through three years of age,
December 2000

Number of Resets/Replacement Trees Per Acre
1-2 3-5 6-10 11-25 26+

----------------- Cost Per Tree -----------
Year #1: $ $ $ $ $
Tree Removal 5.73 4.98 3.98 3.22 2.57

Tree Cost (Container Tree) 4.50 4.50 4.35 4.25 4.25
Site Preparation" 5.40 4.68 3.97 3.67 2.88
Plant Tree and First Watering 3.28 2.40 2.08 1.74 1.31
Total Planting Cost 13.18 11.58 10.40 9.66 8.44

Supplemental Fertilization 4 Times
(Application & Materials) 1.28 1.11 1.02 0.93 0.85
Supplemental Spraying
(Application & Materials)b 0.48 0.41 0.38 0.35 0.32
Spot Herbicide (Application & Materials) 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.13
Tree Wrap (Corrugated) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Sprouting/Pruning 0.41 0.41 0.38 0.38 0.34
Miscellaneous 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.13
Supervision & Overhead 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.21

Total Tree Care Cost Year #1 3.82 3.52 3.32 3.16 2.98

Total Cost Year #1 22.73 20.08 17.70 16.04 13.99
Year #2:
Supplemental Fertilization 3 Times
(Application & Materials) 1.72 1.53 1.34 1.13 1.03
Supplemental Spraying
(Application & Materials)b 0.55 0.49 0.43 0.36 0.33
Spot Herbicide (Application & Materials) 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.13
Sprouting/Pruning 0.49 0.49 0.41 0.41 0.37
Miscellaneous 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.09
Supervision & Overhead 0.23 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.15
Total Cost Year #2 3.34 3.02 2.64 2.30 2.10
Year #3:
Supplemental Fertilization 3 Times
(Application & Materials) 2.34 2.09 1.79 1.53 1.30
Miscellaneous 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.06
Supervision & Overhead 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10
Total Cost Year #3b 2.64 2.35 2.02 1.73 1.46

Total Three-Year Cumulative Costs 28.71 25.45 22.36 20.07 17.55

"Site preparation for bedded citrus grove; cost of root removal, rotovating/leveling tree planting site.
Fumigate planting site would cost approximately $2.50 per tree.

bAdditional spray costs may be incurred if leafminer is a problem.

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Farm Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL, December 2000.

Table 13-A.--A listing of estimated comparative Indian River citrus production costs per acre for grapefruit, 2002-2003z

Sr Low Cost Processed and Typical/Historical
Costs represent a mature (10+ years old) Processed Reduced Fresh Cost Fresh Fruit
Ida Rie Gaeri G Processed Reduced Fresh Cost Fresh Fruit
Indian River Grapefruit Grove. Cultural Program Cultural Program Cultural Program
PRODUCTION/CULTURAL COSTS:
Weed Management/Control:
Mechanical Mow Middles (3 times peryear) $ 29.16 $ 29.16 $ 29.16
Chemical Mow Middles (2 times per year) 14.06 14.06 14.06
General Grove Work (2 labor hours per acre) 25.84 25.84 25.84
Herbicide (1/2 tree acre treated):
Application (3 applications) $36.75 $ 36.75 $ 36.75
Material 84.01 105.24 105.24
Total Herbicide Cost 120.76 141.99 141.99
Spray:
Post Bloom: Application (150 GPA) 28.50 28.50
Material 30.52 40.75
Total Post Bloom Cost 59.02 69.25
Summer Oil #1: Application (250 GPA) 28.50 28.50 28.50
Material 50.04 67.73 67.73
Total Summer Oil #1 Cost 78.54 96.23 96.23
Summer Oil #2: Application (PTO -- 250 GPA) 28.50 28.50 28.50
Material 31.28' 22.20 22.20
Total Summer Oil #2 Cost 59.78 50.70 50.70
Fertilizer (Bulk): 3 Applications 22.89 22.89 22.89
Material (12-2-12-2.4 MgO @ 125 lbs N per
acre and 100 lbs N per acre) 84.24 67.64 84.24
Total Fertilizer Cost 107.13 90.53 107.13
Dolomite (one ton applied every 3 years)
Material/Application 12.59 12.59 12.59
Pruning: Topping ($27.90/A + 2 yrs)" 13.95 13.95 13.95
Hedging ($25.50/A 1.5 yrs)" 17.00 17.00 17.00
Chop/Mow Brush after Hedging
($8.23/A + 1.5 yrs)" 5.49 5.49 5.49
Raise Skirts of Trees ($13.00/A + 2 yrs)" 6.50 6.50
Total Pruning Cost 36.44 42.94 42.94
Tree Replacement 1 thru 3 years of age: (5 trees/acre)
Remove Trees: Pull, Stack & Burn 5 Trees with
Front-end Loader 23.70 23.70 23.70
Prepare Site and Plant Tree (Includes 5 reset trees) 57.60 57.60 57.60
Supplemental Fertilizer, Tree Wraps Maintenance,
Sprout, etc. (Trees 1-3 years old) 46.75 46.75 46.75
Total Tree Replacement Cost 128.05 128.05 128.05
Irrigation: Microsprinkler S:. rI-m 145.30 145.30 145.30
Clean Ditches (Weed Control) 13.05 13.05 13.05
Ditch and Canal Maintenance 14.76 14.76 14.76
Water Control (Pump water in/out of Ditches
and Canals) 11.05 11.05 11.05
Total Irrigation Cost 184.16 184.16 184.16
IRRIGATED PROCESSED FRUIT PRODUCTION COSTS $796.51 $875.27
Supplemental Post Bloom Spray:
Application (150 GPA) 49.70 49.70
Material (Copper) 19.60 19.60
Total Supplemental Post Bloom Spray Cost 69.30 69.30
Fall Miticide Spray: Aerial Application (15 GPA) 20.42 20.42
Material 32.72 32.72
Total Fall Miticide Spray Cost 53.14 53.14
IRRIGATED FRESH FRUIT PRODUCTION COSTS $997.71 $1 024.54

zThe listed estimated comparative costs are for the example grove situation described in the Economic Information Report Series entitled:
"Budgeting Costs and Returns for Indian River Citrus Production" and may not represent your particular grove situation in Indian River.

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Universityof Florida-IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, August 2003.

Table 14-A.-Estimated average picking, roadsiding and hauling charges for Florida citrus, 2002-03

Fresh Fruit Processed Fruit

Range Average Range Average

$/Box $/Box $/Box $/Box

Picking Charges:

Early and Mid-Season Oranges

Valencia Oranges

Pink/Red Grapefruit

White/Marsh Grapefruit

Temples/Tangelos

Tangerines

Roadsiding Charges:

Early and Mid-Season Oranges

Valencia Oranges

Pink/Red Grapefruit

White/Marsh Grapefruit

Temples/Tangelos

Tangerines

0.72

0.79

0.60

0.60

0.85

1.35

0.75

0.75

0.75

0.75

0.90

1.12

-0.90

0.90

0.80

0.77

0.90

1.91

Fresh Fruit

Range

$/Box

- 1.03

- 1.08

- 0.85

- 0.81

- 0.95

- 1.21

Fresh Fruit

All Varieties

$/Box

0.814

0.835

0.692

0.668

0.883

1.600

Average

$/Box

0.882

0.910

0.792

0.778

0.927

1.177

0.75

0.76

0.55

0.50

0.85

- 0.90

- 0.90

- 0.75

- 0.75

- 0.90

0.806

0.810

0.625

0.600

0.860

Processed Fruit

Range Average

$/Box $/Box

0.70

0.70

0.75

0.75

0.76

- 0.96

- 0.96

- 0.77

- 0.77

- 0.90

0.838

0.851

0.758

0.758

0.850

Processed Fruit

All Varieties

$/Box

Hauling Charges:

0 30 miles

31 50 miles

51 80 miles

81 100 miles

100 + miles

0.408

0.445

0.517

0.575

0.663

0.384

0.433

0.498

0.551

0.625

Table 15-A.-Estimated average packing charges for Florida citrus, 2002-03

Domestic Export Temples/
Grapefruit Grapefruit Oranges Tangelos Tangerines

--------------------------- $/Carton --------------------------

Total Packing Chargea 3.544 3.992 3.731 4.214 4.733

---------------------------- $/Box -----------------------------

Drenching Charge 0.170 0.168 0.178 0.178 0.178

Packinghouse Elimination Charges 0.566 0.588 0.600 0.600 0.633

Hauling Charge for Eliminations 0.388 0.368 0.404 0.434 0.434

aTotal Packing Charge includes the following items:
1. Materials including mesh/plastic bags, labels/PLUs, etc.
2. Includes supervisor/foreman labor, grading, palletizing, shipping and general labor. Includes
payroll taxes (FICA), workers' compensation, ground insurance, etc.
3. Other direct packing costs include: fruit treating; power, lights and water; repair maintenance;
miscellaneous supplies; etc.
4. Indirect packing costs include such items as: insurance-fire and casualty, taxes and licenses,
depreciation and rent.
5. G&A costs include: office personnel (FICA, w/comp); packinghouse and general manager;
office supplies; telephone; etc.
6. Special assessments include such items as: advertising taxes, inspection fees, Florida Citrus
Packers; CAC.

NOTE: Packing charges represent a total of nine citrus packinghouses from both the Indian River
and Interior production regions.

Table 16-A.--Historic prices" for selected citrus varieties

Variety
Earlyb and All Seedless grapefruite
Cp. ya Late season Temple All
Crop year mid-season dt Tangelos T Tneo
orangesd oranges Tangerines (white) (colored)
oranges

1961-62
1962-63
1963-64
1964-65
1965-66
1966-67
1967-68
1968-69
1969-70
1970-71
1971-72
1972-73
1973-74
1974-75
1975-76
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02f

$1.93
2.17
4.43
2.57
1.44
0.81
1.86
1.56
1.15
1.10
1.98
1.43
1.38
1.46
1.69
1.89
3.90
4.44
3.59
3.67
4.27
4.88
5.09
7.30
3.92
4.56
6.72
6.63
6.01
5.38
5.44
3.23
3.76
3.25
3.62
3.18
2.81
4.35
3.19
2.60
2.46

$1.81
3.50
4.45
2.28
1.79
1.08
2.28
1.83
1.13
1.91
2.11
1.71
1.59
1.82
1.88
2.63
4.40
4.95
3.89
4.63
4.29
5.41
6.72
6.88
3.97
6.02
8.73
8.41
6.53
6.58
6.65
3.88
4.61
4.41
5.57
4.07
4.88
5.58
4.33
4.02
3.99

$2.17
3.09
4.45
2.77
1.80
0.88
2.79
2.22
1.47
1.91
1.95
1.95
1.64
1.68
1.79
2.16
3.92
4.89
2.89
4.21
4.01
3.99
5.34
5.59
3.01
3.60
5.69
5.46
5.64
6.31
6.51
2.99
2.73
3.47
4.44
3.22
3.07
5.12
2.55
2.05
2.28

$2.04
3.02
3.18
2.68
2.14
1.06
4.29
2.55
2.23
1.88
2.97
2.37
2.82
3.05
3.02
3.29
4.79
4.99
4.25
5.45
6.23
7.57
5.93
15.91
12.69
10.92
12.99
12.64
15.28
17.10
18.00
13.75
9.83
11.98
12.59
7.99
8.49
12.07
6.67
6.40
7.69

$3.36
4.66
4.83
4.00
2.85
1.64
3.22
2.47
1.13
1.04
1.69
1.39
1.25
1.45
1.42
1.42
3.29
3.90
2.87
3.92
3.58
4.37
4.28
7.08
4.06
3.72
5.58
6.31
5.10
6.11
7.16
3.31
2.38
2.64
3.63
2.19
1.66
4.53
2.52
1.27
2.37

$0.68
1.29
2.24
1.51
1.39
0.73
2.05
0.98
1.72
1.89
2.27
2.06
1.58
1.55
1.29
1.49
1.47
2.21
3.12
3.46
1.92
1.51
2.08
3.02
3.56
4.45
5.35
4.33
5.21
4.59
6.46
2.22
3.23
2.58
2.14
1.12
0.93
1.95
3.87
2.07
1.95

$0.86
1.81
2.54
1.82
1.64
0.94
2.48
1.15
1.92
2.15
2.69
2.53
2.12
2.59
2.23
2.04
2.09
3.13
3.80
4.22
2.80
3.20
4.05
4.84
4.98
5.80
5.93
4.71
6.30
6.85
6.87
3.11
3.38
1.66
1.77
1.91
1.50
2.65
3.36
2.28
2.17

Source: Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.

"On-tree average price per box (1-3/5 bushel box equivalent) for all methods of sale minus pick and haul
charges.
bNavel and Hamlin 'Parson Brown and Pineapple dValencia eMarsh (white) or pink 'Preliminary

Table 1 7-A.--Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity

Loan Interest rate paid on the loan
term
(years) 8.0% 8.5% 9.0% 9.5% 10.0% 10.5% 11.0% 11.5% 12.0% 12.5% 13.0% 13.5% 14.0% 14.5% 15.0%

1 926 922 917 913 909 905 901 897 893 889 885 881 877 873 870
2 1,783 1,771 1,759 1,747 1,754 1,724 1,713 1,701 1,690 1,679 1,668 1,657 1,647 1,636 1,626
3 2,577 2,554 2,531 2,509 2,487 2,465 2,444 2,423 2,402 2,381 2,361 2,341 2,322 2,302 2,283
4 3,312 3,276 3,240 3,204 3,170 3,136 3,102 3,070 3,037 3,006 2,974 2,944 2,914 2,884 2,855
5 3,993 3,941 3,890 3,840 3,791 3,743 3,696 3,650 3,605 3,561 3,517 3,475 3,433 3,392 3,352
6 4,623 4,554 4,486 4,420 4,355 4,292 4,230 4,170 4,111 4,054 3,998 3,942 3,889 3,836 3,784

7 5,206 5,119 5,033 4,950 4,868 4,789 4,712 4,640 4,564 4,492 4,423 4,355 4,288 4,224 4,160
8 5,747 5,639 5,535 5,433 5,335 5,239 5,146 5,056 4,968 4,882 4,799 4,718 4,639 4,562 4,487
9 6,247 6,119 5,995 5,875 5,759 5,646 5,537 5,431 5,328 5,228 5,132 5,038 4,946 4,858 4,772
10 6,710 6,561 6,418 6,279 6,145 6,015 5,889 5,768 5,650 5,536 5,426 5,319 5,216 5,116 5,019
11 7,139 6,969 6,805 6,647 6,495 6,348 6,207 6,070 5,938 5,810 5,687 5,568 5,453 5,341 5,234
12 7,536 7,345 7,161 6,984 6,814 6,650 6,492 6,341 6,194 6,054 5,918 5,787 5,660 5,538 5,421

13 7,904 7,691 7,487 7,291 7,103 6,923 6,750 6,583 6,424 6,270 6,122 5,979 5,842 5,710 5,583
14 8,244 8,010 7,786 7,572 7,367 7,170 6,982 6,801 6,628 6,462 6,302 6,149 6,002 5,861 5,724
15 8,559 8,304 8,061 7,828 7,606 7,394 7,191 6,997a 6,811 6,633 6,462 6,299 6,142 5,992 5,847
16 8,851 8,576 8,313 8,062 7,824 7,596 7,379 7,172 6,974 6,785 6,604 6,431 6,265 6,106 5,954
17 9,122 8,825 8,543 8,276 8,022 7,779 7,549 7,329 7,119 6,920 6,729 6,547 6,373 6,207 6,048
18 9,372 9,056 8,756 8,471 8,201 7,945 7,702 7,470 7,250 7,040 6,840 6,649 6,467 6,294 6,128

19 9,603 9,268 8,950 8,650 8,365 8,095 7,839 7,596 7,366 7,146 6,938 6,739 6,551 6,370 6,198
20 9,818 9,463 9,129 8,812 8,514 8,231 7,963 7,710a 7,469 7,241 7,025 6,819 6,623 6,437 6,259
25 10,675 10,234 9,823 9,438 9,077 8,739 8,422 8,123 7,843 7,579 7,330 7,095 6,873 6,663 6,464
30 11,258 10,747 10,274 9,835 9,427 9,047 8,868 8,364 8,055 7,766 7,496 7,242 7,003 6,778 6,566
35 11,655 11,088 10,567 10,087 9,644 9,234 8,855 8,503 8,175 7,870 7,586 7,320 7,070 6,836 6,617
40 11,925 11,315 10,757 10,247 9,779 9,348 8,951 8,587 8,244 7,928 7,634 7,361 7,105 6,866 6,642

aExample. Assumes a $10,000 after tax income at 11.5% interest rate and a 15-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $69,970
($6,997 x 10). At 11.5% interest rate and a 20-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $77,100 ($7,710 x 10).

	Front Cover
	Abstract
	Acknowledgement
	Table of Contents
	List of Tables
	Introduction
	Method of data collection
	Costs and inputs
	The grove situation
	Budget costs and returns
	Historical cost trends
	References
	Addenda