/00
/j 3Ronald P. Muraro
S9s-3Robert E. Rouse
Robert M. Turley

Economic Information
Report El 95-3

Budgeting Costs and Returns
for Southwest Florida Citrus
Production, 1994-95

6 UNIVERSITY OF
FLORIDA
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Food and Resource Economics Department
Florida Agricultural Experiment Station
Flonda Cooperative Extension Service
Gainesville, FL 32611

August 1995

100
F637fe
El
95-3

ABSTRACT

Estimated costs and returns of growing processed-market round oranges and fresh-market
seedless grapefruit in the Southwest area of Florida are presented for the eighth consecutive year.
The format presented may be used by individual growers to budget costs and returns, utilizing
individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, budgeting, costs, round oranges, seedless grapefruit and Southwest
Florida.

NOTE: Southwest Florida refers primarily to Charlotte, Collier, Glades, Hendry and Lee
counties. However, the costs shown are applicable to other South Central Florida
counties such as DeSoto, Okeechobee, and Sarasota counties.

The budget cost items have been revised to reflect current grove practices being used
by growers--e.g., chemical mowing, new spray materials, higher rates of fertilization,
microsprinkler irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Therefore, the revised costs shown
may be higher than reported in previous reports.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Tables 5 and 6 are
representative for mature Southwest Florida Hamlin orange and red seedless
grapefruit groves, respectively, the grove care costs for a specific grove site may differ
depending upon the grove practices performed. For example, spot herbicide for
grass/brush regrowth under trees could add as much as $17.82 per acre; "skirting trees"
or pruning the lower branches could add $14.80 per acre; extensive tree loss due to
blight or tristeza could at least double, if not increase more, the tree replacement and
care costs; etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production managers of Southwest
Florida who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES

ABSTRACT

Estimated costs and returns of growing processed-market round oranges and fresh-market
seedless grapefruit in the Southwest area of Florida are presented for the eighth consecutive year.
The format presented may be used by individual growers to budget costs and returns, utilizing
individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, budgeting, costs, round oranges, seedless grapefruit and Southwest
Florida.

NOTE: Southwest Florida refers primarily to Charlotte, Collier, Glades, Hendry and Lee
counties. However, the costs shown are applicable to other South Central Florida
counties such as DeSoto, Okeechobee, and Sarasota counties.

The budget cost items have been revised to reflect current grove practices being used
by growers--e.g., chemical mowing, new spray materials, higher rates of fertilization,
microsprinkler irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Therefore, the revised costs shown
may be higher than reported in previous reports.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Tables 5 and 6 are
representative for mature Southwest Florida Hamlin orange and red seedless
grapefruit groves, respectively, the grove care costs for a specific grove site may differ
depending upon the grove practices performed. For example, spot herbicide for
grass/brush regrowth under trees could add as much as $17.82 per acre; "skirting trees"
or pruning the lower branches could add $14.80 per acre; extensive tree loss due to
blight or tristeza could at least double, if not increase more, the tree replacement and
care costs; etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production managers of Southwest
Florida who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABSTRACT ......................................................... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................. i

LIST OF TABLES ................................................... iii

INTRODUCTION ...................................................... 1

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION ........................................ 1

COSTS AND INPUTS ................................................... 1

THE GROVE SITUATION ............................................... 2

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS ......................................... 6

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS ............................................. 9

REFERENCES ........................................................ 17

ADDENDA ........................................ ................... 18

NOTE: The ADDENDA includes a Listing of Grove Care Programs for
Southwest Florida Citrus Production for Both Round Oranges and
Grapefruit; 1995 custom rate summary report; cost of establishing a
citrus grove; etc. Page 18 is a list of the tables included in the
ADDENDA.

1

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Schedule of production practices and budget items for a Southwest Florida
mature, round orange grove, 1994-95 ................................. 3

2 Schedule of production practices and budget items for a Southwest Florida
mature, red seedless grapefruit grove, 1994-95 .......................... 4

3 Calculation of normal production per tree and per acre for Hamlin oranges,
1994-95 ........................................................ 5

4 Calculation of normal production per tree and per acre for red seedless grapefruit,
1994-95 ....................................................... 6

5 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, Hamlin orange
grove producing for the processed market, Southwest Florida area, 1994-95 .... 7

6 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, red seedless
grapefruit grove producing for the fresh market, Southwest Florida area,
1994-95 ........................................................ 8

7 Estimated total delivered-in cost for Southwest Florida Hamlin oranges grown
for the processed juice market under three cultural cost programs, 1994-95 .... 10

8 Estimated total delivered-in cost for Southwest Florida Red grapefruit under
three cultural cost programs, 1994-95 ................................. 11

9 Estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh market Southwest Florida Red grapefruit,
1994-95 ....................................................... 12

10 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and
returns for a mature, Hamlin orange grove producing citrus for processed
market in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95 .................. 13

11 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns
(adjusted to 1995 dollars) for a mature, Hamlin orange grove producing citrus
for processed market in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95 ....... 14

12 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and
returns for a mature, red seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh
fruit packing in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95 ............. 15

13 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns
(adjusted to 1995 dollars) for a mature, red seedless grapefruit grove producing
citrus for fresh fruit packing in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95 .. 16

BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS FOR SOUTHWEST
FLORIDA CITRUS PRODUCTION, 1994-95

Ronald P. Muraro, Robert E. Rouse, and Robert M. Turley

INTRODUCTION

Southwest Florida has become a major citrus production area. As of 1994, over 240,000
acres of citrus are located in this region. Continued expansion of citrus acreage is expected.
Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. Budget analysis can be used
to calculate potential profits from an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation,
and to determine break-even prices. This report presents two budgets constructed from current
data and provides a format for growers to analyze costs and returns from their individual records.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The data presented here were developed by surveying custom operators, input suppliers,
growers, and colleagues at both the Southwest Florida Research and Education Center and the
Citrus Research and Education Center in Lake Alfred. The survey is conducted annually in
February and March.

COSTS AND INPUTS

Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus growers as well as the
average of the data obtained from annual custom rate, chemical, and fertilizer surveys. Grower
costs are shown in the ADDENDA, Table 1-A through 8-A. The custom rate costs are shown in
Table 9-A and the various chemical and fertilizer costs are shown in Tables 10-A and 11-A in the
ADDENDA. Historic on-tree prices for selected citrus varieties are shown in 12-A. Although
brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA, this does not imply endorsement
by the University of Florida. It is merely an attempt to depict typical production practices.
All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to insert data from a particular
grove. This will allow a comparison of the grower's costs with those presented.

RONALD P. MURARO is a Professor of Food and Resource Economics and Extension
Farm Management Economist stationed at the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake
Alfred. ROBERT E. ROUSE is an Associate Professor of Horticulture and ROBERT M.
TURLEY is an Extension Agent, Multi-county; both are stationed at the Southwest Florida
Research and Education Center, Immokalee.

THE GROVE SITUATION

Production practices for Southwest Florida orange and grapefruit groves are shown in Tables
1 and 2, respectively, with the times during the year when they are normally performed. There are
two benefits to developing such a table for an individual grove. First, it shows what work is
needed and when, so that operations can be planned well in advance. Second, it can be helpful if
an annual cash flow analysis is developed to plan financing. The individual grower may benefit
from developing a plan for a particular grove.
Specific production practices vary from grove to grove making it difficult to define a "typical"
grove. Many combinations of practices and various tree variety combinations produce acceptable
yields and returns. Although the examples represent Hanlin orange and red seedless grapefruit
groves, the cost and return data are designed to be applicable to most grove situations. A grower,
realtor, or land appraiser can substitute individual grove costs and expected returns into the budget
format and develop a budget for a particular grove. A "your cost" column is appropriately
provided for this purpose in subsequent tables.
In the following budget, above noted average management and cultural practices are
assumed. Beyond this general assumption, the following specifics are assumed:
1. A mature, low volume irrigated grove;
2. Varieties are processed-market Hamlin oranges and fresh-market red seedless
grapefruit;
3. Annual tree loss is 4 trees per acre for oranges and 3 trees per acre for grapefruit;
4. Trees are pulled and replaced when production falls below 50 percent of expected
yield;
5. Tree density is 116 trees per acre for oranges and 96 trees per acre for grapefruit.
As a result of tree losses and replacement, the tree ages will vary. The budget reflects the
following age distribution:
Hamlin Oranges
Situation Boxes/tree
3.5% pulled and reset 0.0
35% 1 year old 0.0
35% 2 years old 0.0
35% 3 years old 0.7
35% 4 years old 0.9
385% 5-15 years old 4.0
35% producing 50% of expected yield 2.8
405% over 15 years old 5.6

Table l.-Schedule of production practices and budget items for a Southwest Florida mature, round orange grove, 1994-95'

Month

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
50%
Total revenue: 20% Partial Final
deposit payment payment
Less: Pick & haul cost X
DOC advertisement tax X
Grove expenses:
Disc
Chop
Mow X X X X X
Labor, general grove work, pull vines X X
Herbicide (1/2 grove acre equivalent) X X X
Spray. Dormant
Post bloom/nutritional X
Supplemental miticide
Summer oilgreasy spot X
Fall miticide X
Fertilizer 60# N/A 60# N/A 60# N/A Dolomite
Hedging and topping Hedge
Brush removal/mow brush Mow brush
Tree removal X
Young tree care X X X X X
Microsprinkler irrigation (times/week) 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1
Miscellaneous (clean ditches) X
Grove taxes including water management X
Interest expense X
Annual principal payment on mortgage X
This is a suggested schedule of practices. Actual practices would not necessarily be done on the exact schedule shown here.

Table 2.--Schedule of production practices and budget items for a Southwest Florida mature, red seedless grapefruit grove, 1994-95'
Month
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Total revenue: 20% Final
deposit payment

Less: Pick & haul cost X
DOC advertisement tax X
Grove expenses:
Disc
Chop
Mow X X X X X
Labor, general grove work, pull vines X X
Herbicide (1/2 grove acre equivalent) X X X
Spray: Dormant
Post bloom/nutritional X
Supplemental miticide X
Summer oil/greasy spot X X
Fall miticide X
Fertilizer 60# N/A 60# N/A 60# N/A Dolomite
Hedging and topping Hedge
Brush removal/mow brush Mow brush
Tree removal X
Young tree care X X X X X
Microsprinkler irrigation (times/week) 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1
Miscellaneous (clean ditches) X
Grove taxes including water management X
Interest expense X
Annual principal payment on mortgage X
"This is a suggested schedule of practices. Actual practices would not necessarily be done on the exact schedule shown here.

and
Red Seedless Grapefruit
Situation
3% pulled and reset
3% 1 year old
3% 2 years old
3% 3 years old
3% 4 years old
33% 5-15 years old
3% producing 50% of expected yield
49% over 15 years old

Boxes/tree
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.7
4.5
3.7
7.4

Calculation of normal production per acre for Hamlin oranges and red seedless grapefruit are
shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively.

Table 3.--Calculation of normal production per tree and per acre for Hamlin oranges, 1994-95

Boxes Total
Age of Tree Trees /tree boxes
Total no. Proportion No. ea.
all ages ea. age age ----- No. -----
3 years 116 x 0.035 = 4.0 x 0.7 = 2.8
4 years 116 x 0.035 = 4.0 x 0.9 = 3.6
5-15 years 116 x 0.385 = 44.7 x 4.0 = 178.8
Prod. 50% of
exp. yield 116 x 0.035 = 4.0 x 2.8 = 11.2
Over 16 years 116 x 0.405 = 47.0 x 5.6 = 263.2
Total boxes = 459.6

"Proportion adds up to 895 percent as 105 percent of the trees were non-bearing (pulled and
reset, 1 and 2 year old trees; see page 2).

Table 4.--Calculation of normal production per tree and per acre for red seedless grapefruit,
1994-95
Boxes Total
Age of Tree Trees /tree boxes
Total no. Proportion No. ea.
all aes ea. ae' ge -------- No. -----
3 years 96 x 0.03 = 3.0 x 1.0 = 3.0
4 years 96 x 0.03 = 3.0 x 1.7 = 5.1
5-15 years 96 x 0.33 = 31.7 x 4.5 = 142.7
Prod. 50% of
exp. yield 96 x 0.03 = 3.0 x 3.7 = 11.1
Over 16 years 96 x 0.49 = 47.0 x 7.4 = 347.8
Total boxes = 509.7

'Proportion adds up to 91 percent as 9 percent of the trees were non-bearing (pulled and
reset, 1 and 2 year old trees; see page 5).

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS

The estimated budget costs and returns for the two Southwest Florida grove situations are
shown in Tables 5 and 6. The budgeted costs represent one possible citrus production program and
were selected from the costs shown in the ADDENDA tables. The gross revenue estimates are based
on the projected yields in Tables 3 and 4 and estimated preliminary on-tree prices for the 1994-95
season. Historical on-tree prices for selected Florida citrus varieties are shown in Table 13-A of the
ADDENDA.
As shown in Table 5, the total revenue for processed-market Hamlin oranges is estimated to be
$1,600.80 per acre. Total specified costs are $800.83 and are comprised of grove care costs of
$752.83, plus management cost of $48.00. Return to land and trees of $799.97 represents net return
above variable costs. The break-even price required to cover grove care costs for Hamlin oranges
range from $2.15 to $1.37 per box on-tree and $0.66 to $0.53 per pounds solids delivered-in at 300
and 500 boxes per acre, respectively.
In Table 6, total revenue for fresh market red seedless grapefruit is estimated to be $979.20 per
acre. Total specified costs are $887.89, being comprised of grove care costs of $839.89, plus
management cost of $48.00. Return to land, trees, and ownership or net return above fixed costs is
$91.31. The break-even price required to cover grove care costs for seedless grapefruit range from
$2.40 to $1.53 per box on-tree and $1.17 to $0.98 per pound solids delivered-in for eliminations at 350
and 550 boxes per acre, respectively.

Table 5.-Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, Hamlin orange grove producing for the processed market, Southwest Florida area, 1994-95'

Item Description Amount Your cost
-------- Dollars ---------------

I. Revenue 460 boxes @ $3.48' 1,600.80

II. Expenses

Weed control
Mow middles 3 times per year 23.10
Chemical mow (Table 2-A, Program #11) 2 times per year 2250
General grove work/sprouting (2 labor hours per acre) 21.40
Herbicide (Table 2-A, Program #1, #7, & #9) 129.05 196.05
Spray program (Table 1-A, Programs #1 & #10) 116.28
Fertilizer (Table 3-A, Program #3) 11730
Dolomite (Table 6-A, Program #1) 11.57
Pruning (maintenance)
Topping ($30750/hr. + 8.0 A/hr.) + 25 yrs. 1538
Remove brush from trees ($20.07/A + 25 yrs.) 8.03
Hedging ($245.00/hr. + 8.0 A/hr.) + 2 yrs. 1531
Mow brush ($15.48/A + 2 yrs.) 7.74 46.46
Tree replacement and care (1 through 3 years)
Remove trees 4 trees per acre 22.52
Prepare sites and plant resets Including 4 trees per acre 43.92
Supplemental fertilizer, sprout, Ridomil/Aliette, etc. (Trees 1-3 years) Including application 37.17 103.57
Microsprinkler irrigation (Table 7-A, Program #4) 13138
Drainage ditch annual costs (Table 7-A, Program #5) 3022 __
Total grove care expenses 752.83

III. Management $4.00 per acre per month* 48.00

IV. Total specified costs' 800-83,d

V. Return to land, trees, and ownership 799.97

VI. Break-even price for total grove care expenses

Boxes per acre Boxes per acre

350 400 450 500 550 350 400 450 500 550

$ On-tree price per box $ Delivered-in price per pound solids'

2.15 1.88 1.67 151 137 0.66 0.61 0.58 055 053

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Tables 5 and 6 are representative for a mature Southwest Florida Hamlin orange and red seedless grapefit grove, respectively, the grove
care costs for a specific grove site may differ depending upon the grove practices performed; e.g, a Temik application would add $131.79 per acre; extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza could at least
double, if not increase more, the tree replacement and care costs; etc. Also, truck watering of resets could add another $10.60 per acre (average 5 waterings)
"On-tree price per box is preliminary; assumes price for processed oranges only.
'Other methods to estimate a management cost--e.g, 5% of gross sales or 10% of total grove care costs--are used in the industry. Other selected methods will give a different return to land and trees than
reported here.
'Other cost items which are not included in the budget are ad valorem taxes and interest on grove investment In addition to these cost items, overhead and administrative costs, such as water
drainage/district taxes, crop insurance, and other grower assessments, can add up to 12 percent to the total grove care costs. These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, and time of
purchase or grove establishment
*Assumes 6.0 pounds solids per box and $1.80 pick and haul cost per box.

Table 6.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, red seedless grapefruit grove producing for the fresh market, Southwest Florida area, 1994-95'

Item Description Amount Your cost
--------------- Dollars ----------------------

I. Revenue 510 boxes @ $1.92' 97920

II. Expenses

Weed control
Mow middles 3 times per year 23.10
Chemical mow (Table 2-A, Program #11) 2 times per year 22.50
General grove work/sprouting (2 labor hours per acre) 21.40
Herbicide (Table 2-A, Program #1, #7, & #9) 129.05 196.05
Spray program (Table 1-A, Programs #1, #6, #10, #15, & #17) 245.41
Fertilizer (Table 3-A, Program #2) 101.10
Dolomite (Table 7-A, Program #1) 11.57
Pruning (maintenance)
Topping ($307.50/hr. + 8.0 A/hr.) + 2.5 yrs. 1538
Remove brush from trees ($20.07/A + 2.5 yrs.) 8.03
Hedging ($245.00/hr. + 8.0 A/hr.) + 2 yrs. 15.31
Removing/chop brush (S15.48/A + 2 yrs.) 7.74 46.46
Tree replacement and care (1 through 3 years)
Remove trees 3 trees per acre 16.89
Prepare sites and plant resets Including 3 trees per acre 32.94
Supplemental fertilizer, Ridomil/Aliette, etc. (Trees 1-3 years) Including application 27.87 77.70
Microsprinkler irrigation (Table 7-A, Program #4) 13138
Drainage ditch annual costs (Table 7-A, Program #5) 30.22 _
Total grove care expenses 839.89

Ill. Management 5% of gross sales' 48.00

IV. Total specified costs' 887.89

V. Return to land, trees, and ownership 9131

VI. Break-even price for total grove care expenses

Boxes per acre Boxes per acre

350 400 450 500 550 350 400 450 500 550

S On-tree price per box S Delivered-in price per pound solids for eliminations'

2.40 2.10 1.87 1.68 1.53 1.17 1.11 1.05 1.01 0.98

"Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Tables 5 and 6 are representative for a mature Southwest Florida Hamlin orange and red seedless grapefruit grove, respectively, the grove
care costs for a specific grove site may differ depending upon the grove practices performed; e.g., a Temik application would add $131.79 per acre; extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza could at least
double, if not increase more, the tree replacement and care costs; etc. Also, truck watering of resets could add another $7.95 per acre (average 5 waterings).
'On-tree price per box is preliminary; assumes average of all methods of sale (fresh and processed). Price assumes 75% of fruit harvested packed fresh.
Other methods to estimate a management cost--e.g., 5% of gross sales or 10% of total grove care costs--are used in the industry. Other selected methods will give a different return to land and trees than
reported here.
'Other cost items which are not included in the budget are ad valorem taxes and interest on grove investment. In addition to these cost items, overhead and administrative costs, such as water
drainage/district taxes, crop insurance, and other grower assessments, can add up to 12 percent to the total grove care costs. These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, and time of
purchase or grove establishment.
*Assumes 4.5 pounds solids per box and $1.87 pick and haul cost per box (includes spot picking and fruit drenching), $0.55 per box handling through packinghouse, and $0.45 per box delivery to processing
plant.

Ad valorem taxes, and overhead and administrative costs (such as water drainage district taxes,
crop insurance, and other grower assessments) can add up to 12 percent of the total grove care costs.
These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, variety of fruit, etc. and should be
considered in arriving at a net return to land, trees, and ownership (total return minus total costs).
Harvest costs (pick, roadside, and hauling costs) also add to the total fruit cost delivered to either a
processing plant or fresh fruit packinghouse. Also, average annual debt payment (principal and
interest) may be as high as $530 per acre ($4,500 average debt per acre @ 10 percent interest
amortized over 20 years) which would reduce total available cash for grove expansion or other
investment.
An estimated "delivered-in" costs which includes the above mentioned additional costs
(cultural/production costs, management and regulatory costs and harvesting costs) are shown in Table
7 (processed Hamlin oranges) and in Table 8 (both fresh packed and processed Red grapefruit). The
"delivered-in" costs are presented as a cost per acre, per box, and per pound solids or per carton.
Three possible budget cost scenarios are presented: 1) Typical/Historical Processed/Fresh Cultural
Program; 2) Reduced Cost Processed/Fresh Cultural Program; and 3) Low Cost Processed Cultural
Program. The first scenario represents typical costs of grove practices which have been performed
during the 1980's and early 1990's. Scenarios 2 and 3 represent costs of two possible cultural
programs which many citrus growers are currently employing to reduce expenditures as a result of low
on-tree fruit prices. Modified spray and fertilizer programs account for the reduced costs. NOTE:
Before modifying a grove management program to reduce costs, an evaluation of the market program
(processed or fresh), yield, and specific cultural problems (nutrition, disease, etc.) for the specific
grove site should be made. Also, in Table 9, the total estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh packed Red
grapefruit is shown. The F.O.B. costs are presented for "fresh fruit packout percentage rates" ranging
from 50 percent to 100 percent.

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS

Annual budgets of costs and returns for mature, processed Hamlin oranges and mature fresh-
market seedless grapefruit in the Southwest Florida area have been developed and published in each
of the past three years. Estimated cost and return histories for 1990-91 through 1993-94 along with
1994-95, and a five-year average are presented in Tables 10 and 12. To allow comparisons in current
values, these same costs and returns, adjusted to 1995 dollars, are presented in Tables 11 and 13.

Table 7--Estimated total delivered-in cost for Southwest Florida Hamlin oranges grown for the processed juice market under three cultural cost
programs, 1994-95

Total Production/Cultural Costs

Interest on Operating (Cultural) Costs

Management Costs

Taxes/Regulatory Costs:
Property Tax
Water Drainage

Total Taxes/Regulatory Costs

Total Direct Grower Costs

Interest on Average Capital Investment Costs

Total Grower Costs

Harvesting and Assessment Costs:
Pick/Spot Pick, Roadside and Haul
DOC Assessment

Total Harvesting and Assessment Costs

Total Delivered-In Cost

Processed Hamlin Oranges
Typical/Historical
Cultural Program

$/Acre $/Box $/P.S.

$1.726 $0.2876 $1

39.69 0.086 0.0144

48.00 0.104 0.0174

0.173 0.0288
0.131 0.0218

0.303 0.0505

$2.220 $0.3699

0.861 0.1435

$3.081 $0.5134

1.800 0.3000
0.165 0.0275

1.965 0.3275

$5.046 $0.8409

Processed Hamlin Oranges
Reduced Cost
Cultural Program

$/Acre $/Box $/P.S.

752.83 $1.637

37.64 0.082

48.00 0.104

79.36
60.12

139.48

$ 977.95

396.05

$1,374.00

828.00
75.90

903.90

$2277.90

0.173
0.131

0.303

$2.126

0.861

$2.987

1.800
0.165

1.965

$4.952

$0.2728

0.0136

0.0174

0.0288
0.0218

0.0505

$0.3543

0.1435

$0.4978

0.3000
0.0275

0.3275

$0.8253

Processed Hamlin Oranges
Low Cost
Cultural Program

$/Acre $/Box

$ 707.29 $1.538

3436 0.077

48.00 0.104

79.36 0.173
60.12 0.131

139.48 0.303

$ 930.13 $2.022

396.05 0.861

$1,326.18 $2.883

828.00 1.800
75.90 0.165

903.90 1.965

$2,230.08 $4.848

$/P.S.

$0.2563

0.0128

0.0174

0.0288
0.0218

0.0505

$0.3370

$0.1435

$0.4805

0.3000
0.0275

0.3275

$0.8080

P.S. = Pound Solids Fall Miticide Spray; fertilizer Refer to cultural program shown Only summer spray with oil,
reduced to 225 pounds of in Table 5. copper, and Agri-Mek;
Yield: 460 boxes/acre @ 6.0 P.S. per box nitrogen per acre. fertilizer reduced to 180
pounds of nitrogen per acre.

$793.83

79.36
60.12

139.48

$1,021.00

396.05

$1,417.05

828.00
75.90

903.90

$2,320.95

Table 8.-Estimated total delivered-in cost for Southwest Florida Red grapefruit under three cultural cost programs, 1994-95

Total Production/Cultural Costs

Interest on Operating (Cultural) Costs

Management Costs

Taxes/Regulatory Costs:
Property Tax
Water Drainage

Total Taxes/Regulatory Costs

Total Direct Grower Costs

Interest on Average Capital Investment Costs

Total Grower Costs

Harvesting Costs:
Pick/Spot Pick, Roadside and Haul
Fruit Drenching (Fresh)
DOC Assessment

Total Harvesting and Assessment Costs

Total Delivered-In Cost

Fresh Packed Red Grapefruit
Typical/Historical
Cultural Program

$/Acre

$839.89

41.99

48.00

79.36
60.12

139.48

$1,069.36

396.05

$1,465.41

89250
66.30
178.50

1,137.30

$2.602.71

$/Box $/Carton

$1.647

0.082

0.094

0.156
0.118

0.273

$2.097

0.777

$2.873

1.750
0.130
0.350

2.230

$5.103

Fresh Packed Red Grapefruit
Reduced Cost
Cultural Program

S/Acre

$0.8234 $ 823.19

0.0412

0.0471

0.0778
0.0589

0.1367

$1.0484

0.3883

$1.4367

0.8750
0.0650
0.1750

1.1150

$2.5517

41.16

48.00

79.36
60.12

139.48

$1,051.83

396.05

$1,447.88

892.50
66.30
17850

1,137.30

$2585.18

$/Box $/Carton

$1.614 $0.8070

0.081

0.094

0.156
0.118

0.273

$2.062

0.777

$2.839

1.750
0.130
0.350

2.230

$5.069

0.0404

0.0471

0.0778
0.0589

0.1367

$1.0312

0.3883

$1.4195

0.8750
0.0650
0.1750

1.1150

$25345

Processed Red Grapefruit
Low Cost
Cultural Program

S/Acre $/Box $/P.S.

$ 691.09 $1.355

3455 0.068

48.00 0.094

79.36
60.12

139.48

$ 913.12

396.05

$1,309.17

892.50

86.70

979.20

2.288.37

0.156
0.118

0.273

$1.790

0.777

$2567

1.750

0.170

1.920

$4.487

$0.3011

0.0151

0.0209

0.0778
0.0589

0.1367

$0.4738

$0.1726

$0.6464

0.3889

0.0378

0.4267

S1.0731

Two cartons per box Refer to cultural program Reduced cost of supplemental Only summer spray with oil,
P.S. = Pound Solids shown in Table 6. Fall Miticide Spray. copper, and Agri-Mek.
Yield: 510 boxes/acre @ 45 P.S. per box
Assumes 100% packout Assumes 100% packout

Table 9.-Estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh market Southwest Florida Red grapefruit, 1994-95

Percent Packout 50.00% Percent Packout 60.00% Percent Packout 70.00%
Box Yield Per Acre 510 Box Yield Per Acre 510 Box Yield Per Acre 510

Per Acre Per Box Per Carton Per Acre Per Box Per Carton Per Acre Per Box Per Carton

Total Production/
Cultural Costs $839.89 $3.29 $1.6468 $839.89 $2.74 $1.3724 $839.89 $2.35 $1.1763

Interest on Operating
(Cultural Costs) 41.99 0.16 0.0823 41.99 0.14 0.0686 41.99 0.12 0.0588

Management 48.00 0.19 0.0941 48.00 0.16 0.0784 48.00 0.13 0.0672

Taxes/Regulatory 139.48 0.55 0.2735 139.48 0.46 0.2279 139.48 0.39 0.1954

Interest on Average
Capital Investment 396.05 1.55 0.7766 396.05 1.29 0.6471 396.05 1.11 0.5547

Harvesting (Pick, Haul,
Etc.) and
DOC Assessment 137.30 4.46 2.2300 1137.30 3.72 1.8583 1,137.30 3.19 1.5929

Total Delivered-In Cost $2,602.71 $10.21 $5.1034 $2,602.71 $8.51 $4.2528 $2,602.71 $7.29 $3.6453

Packing & Selling 1,440.75 5.65 2.8250 1,728.90 5.65 2.8250 2,017.05 5.65 2.8250

Fresh Eliminations Costs
(Credit)" 2.55 0.01 0.0050 2.04 0.01 0.0033 1.53 0.00 0.0021

Total F.O.B. Costs $4046.01 $15.87 7.9334 $4333.65 $14.16 $70811 $4621.29 $12.94 $6.4724

Percent Packout 80.00% Percent Packout 90.00% Percent Packout 100.00%
Box Yield Per Acre 510 Box Yield Per Acre 510 Box Yield Per Acre 510

Per Acre Per Box Per Carton Per Acre Per Box Per Carton Per Acre Per Box Per Carton

Total Production/
Cultural Costs $839.89 $2.06 $1.0293 $839.89 $1.83 $0.9149 $839.89 $1.65 $0.8234

Interest on Operating
(Cultural) Costs 41.99 0.10 0.0515 41.99 0.09 0.0457 41.99 0.08 0.0412

Management 48.00 0.12 0.0588 48.00 0.10 0.0523 48.00 0.09 0.0471

Taxes/Regulatory 139.48 0.34 0.1709 139.48 0.30 0.1519 139.48 0.27 0.1367

Interest on Average
Capital Investment 410.09 1.01 0.5026 410.09 0.89 0.4467 410.09 0.80 0.4020

Harvesting (Pick, Haul,
Etc.) and
DOC Assessment 137.3 2.79 1.3937 1,137.30 2.48 1.2389 1.13730 2.23 1.1150

Total Delivered-In Cost $2,616.75 $6.41 $3.2068 $2,616.75 $5.70 $2.8505 $2,616.75 $5.13 $2.5654

Packing & Selling 2,305.20 5.65 2.8250 2,593.35 5.65 2.8250 2,881.50 5.65 2.8250

Fresh Eliminations Costs
(Credit)' 1.02 0.00 0.0012 0.51 0.00 0.0006 0.00 0.00 0.0000

Total F.O.B. Costs $492297 $12.07 $6.0331 $210.61 $11.35 $5.6761 98.25 $10.78 $5.3904

'Represents a "net eliminations cost"; i.e., average yield of 4.50 pound solids per box times $0.22 per pound solids.

Table 10.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for a mature, Hamlin orange grove
producing citrus for processed market in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95

On-tree Gross Total grove Total specified Net return to land,
Year price/box* Yield revenue care expenses costsd trees, and ownership
-----------------------------------------. Dollars ----------------------------

1990-91 $5.79 460 2,663.40 762.15 810.15 1,853.25

1991-92 $5.09 460 2,341.40 783.32 831.32 1,510.08

1992-93 $3.16 460 1,453.60 779.92 827.92 625.68

1993-94 $3.60 460 1,656.00 750.99c 798.99 857.01

1994-95 $3.48b 460 1,600.80 752.83c 800.83 799.97

5-yr. avg. $4.22 460 1,941.20 765.84 813.84 1,127.36

"On-tree prices for processed oranges only as reported by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.
bPreliminary estimate by authors at time of printing and is not a published price.
'Represents a "reduced cost" cultural program which many citrus growers have employed due to low on-tree prices.
dA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not
included.

Table ll.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns (adjusted to 1995 dollars) for a mature,
Hamlin orange grove producing citrus for processed market in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95

Inflation On-tree Gross Total specified Net return to land,
Year factor index' price/box Yield revenue costsb trees, and ownership
------------------------------ Dollars ------------------------

1990-91 105.8 $6.13 460 2,819.80 857.14 1,962.66

1991-92 105.2 $5.35 460 2,461.00 874.55 1,586.45

1992-93 103.7 $3.28 460 1,508.80 858.55 650.25

1993-94 102.4 $3.69 460 1,697.40 818.17 879.23

1994-95 100.0 $3.48 460 1,600.80 808.83 799.97

5-yr. avg. -- $4.39 460 2,019.40 843.45 1,175.95

'Producer price index for each year adjusted to 1995 prices (1995 = 100), with 1995 producer price index estimated to be 123.3.
Producer price index for other years are: 1991 = 116.5; 1992 = 117.2; 1993 = 118.9; and 1994 = 120.4.

bA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not
included. (Refer to Table 10.)

Table 12.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for a mature, red seedless grapefruit grove
producing citrus for fresh market packing in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95

On-tree Gross Total grove Total specified Net return to land,
Year price/box' Yield revenue care expenses costs trees, and ownership
------------------------------------------ Dollars ---------------------------------

1990-91 $8.43 510 4,299.30 812.66 860.66 3,438.64

1991-92 $6.85 510 3,493.50 840.94 888.94 2,60456

1992-93 $3.32 510 1,693.20 847.22 895.22 797.98

1993-94 $3.58 510 1,825.80 863.83 911.83 913.97

1994-95 $1.92b 510 979.20 839.89 887.31 91.31

5-yr. avg. $4.82 510 2,458.20 840.91 888.91 1,569.29

'On-tree prices for all sales methods as reported by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.
bPreliminary estimate by authors at time of printing and is not a published price.
'A management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not
included.

Table 13.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns (adjusted to 1995 dollars) for a mature,
red seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh fruit packing in the Southwest Florida area, 1990-91--1994-95

Inflation On-tree Gross Total specified Net return to land,
Year factor index' price/box Yield revenue costs trees, and ownership
------------------------------ Dollars -------------------------

1990-91 105.8 $8.92 510 4,549.20 91058 3,638.62

1991-92 105.2 $7.21 510 3,677.10 935.16 2,741.94

1992-93 103.7 $3.44 510 1,754.40 928.34 826.06

1993-94 102.4 $3.67 510 1,871.70 933.71 937.99

1994-95 100.0 $1.92 510 979.20 887.31 91.31

5-yr. avg. -- $5.03 510 2,565.30 919.02 1,646.28

"Producer price index for each year adjusted to 1995 prices (1995 = 100), with 1995 producer price index estimated to be 123.3.
Producer price index for other years are: 1991 = 116.5; 1992 = 117.2; 1993 = 118.9; and 1994 = 120.4.

bA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not
included. (Refer to Table 12.)

17

REFERENCES

1. Citrus Summary 1993-94. Florida Agricultural Statistics Service. Florida Agricultural Statistics.
Jan. 1995.

2. Knapp, J. L (Ed.). 1995 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc.
SP 43. Gainesville: Jan. 1995. 69 pp.

3. Muraro, Ronald P. "A Listing of Estimated Comparative Southwest Florida Citrus Production
Costs Per Acre for 1994-1995." Lake Alfred Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC)
Report. Lake Alfred, FL: May 1995.

4. "Cost for Establishing, Planting, and Maintaining a Citrus Grove through Four Years
of Age, South Florida Flatwoods Area." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: Nov.
1989.

5. "A Listing of 1995 Custom Rates Reported by Twenty-two Indian River and South
Florida Citrus Caretakers." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: May 1995.

6. Savage, Zach. Citrus Yields Per Tree Age. Univ. of Fla. Agr. Ext. Ser. 60-8. Gainesville:
1960.

7. Tucker, D. P. H., A. K. Alva, L K. Jackson, and T. A. Wheaton (Eds.). Nutrition of Florida
Citrus Trees. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc. SP 169. Gainesville: 1995. 61 pp.

18

ADDENDA: Listing of Grove Care Programs for Southwest Florida Citrus Production for Both
Round Oranges and Grapefruit

Page

Table 1-A. Spray programs ................................................ 19

Post bloom spray ............................................... 19
Summer spray ................................................. 21
Fall spray .................................................... 22

Table 2-A. Herbicide .................................................... 23

Table 3-A. Dry fertilizer .................................................. 26

Table 4-A. Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application) ........................... 27

Table 5-A. Nematicides ..................... ............................. 27

Table 6-A. Soil amendment ............................................... 28

Table 7-A. Irrigation--annual cost per acre .......................... .......... 28

D rip ......................................................... 28
M icrosprinkler ................................................. 28
Drainage ditch annual costs ....................................... 28

Table 8-A. A listing of 1995 custom rates reported by twenty-two Indian River and South
Florida citrus caretakers ......................................... 29

Table 9-A. 1995 summary of average chemical price estimates ..................... 31

Table 10-A. 1995 summary of average fertilizer price estimates ...................... 33

Table 11-A. Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four
years of age, South Florida flatwoods area ............................ 35

Table 12-A. Historic prices for selected citrus varieties ............................ 36

Table 13-A. Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity ....... 37

Cu = Copper Mn = Manganese
Fe = Iron Zn = Zinc
Mg = Magnesium N = Nitrogen

Table 1-A.--Spray programs

POST BLOOM SPRAY

Spray Program #1

Spray Program #2

Spray Program #3

Spray Program #4

Materials/Ingredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Zn
Mn

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Zn, Mn, Nitrates
Kelthane MF
Ground Application
Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Ethion
Oil 97+%

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Nitrate
Potassium Nitrate
Lorsban 4EC
Hystop (pH Reducer)

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

15 lbs
5 bs
10 lbs

150 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$20.55
4.10
3.20

19.68

$47.53

Amount
/Acre

10 lbs
1 pt
6 pts
100 gals

Amount
/Acre

7 lbs
5 pts
3 gals

100 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$13.70
1.15
34.68

17.16
$66.69

Cost/Acre
$ 9.59
21.35
6.84

17.16

$54.94

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount
/Acre
7 lbs
3 qts
10 lbs
4 pts
1 pt

100 gals

Cost/Acre

$ 9.59
5.56
3.35
22.16
1.54

17.16

$59.36

----- ------ -------______ ________

----- -- ---- ---- ---- -- ------

------- ----- ------- __ __ __ ____ ____

--- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- --

Table 1-A.--Spray programs (cont'd.)

POST BLOOM SPRAY (cont'd.)

Spray Program #5

Spray Program #6

Spray Program #7

Spray Program #8

Spray Program #9

(Scale insects)

Materials/Ingredients
Dicofol 4EC
Cu (50% metallic)

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients
Ethion
Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%

Ground Application

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients
Cu (50% metallic)
Zn, Mn, Mg, Fe
Ethion
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Vendex 4L
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Lorsban 4EC

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

5 pts
10 lbs

250 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre
$29.35
13.70

22.14

$65.19

Amount
/Acre

5 pts
10 lbs
3 gals

250 GPA

Amount
/Acre

7 lbs
4 pts
6 pts

500 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$21.35
13.70
6.84

22.14

$64.03

Cost/Acre
$9.59
4.64
25.62

26.79

$66.64

Amount
/Acre
2 lbs

150 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$41.90
19.68

$61.58

Amount
/Acre

7 pts

500 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$38.78

26.79

$65.57

____1_ _1___ __ ________- ------------ ___

--- -- --- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- --

--- -- -- --- --- -- --- --- -- --- -- --- --- --- -- --- --- -- --- -

- - --------- ---- ------------

Table 1-A.--Spray programs (cont'd.)
SUMMER SPRAY

Spray Program #10

Spray Program #11

Spray Program #12

Spray Program #13

Materials/Ingredients

Oil 97+%
Cu (50% copper)
Ethion

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Oil 97+%
Cu (50% metallic)
Agri-Mek

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/n gredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%
Agri-Mek

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Kelthane MF

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

5 gals
7 lbs
6 pts

250 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$11.40
9.59
25.62
22.14

$68.75

Amount
/Acre

5 gals
7 lbs
5 ozs

150 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$11.40
9.59
24.15

19.68

$64.82

Amount
/Acre
7 lbs
5 gals
10 ozs

250 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$ 9.59
11.40
48.30

22.14

$91.43

Amount
/Acre

6 pts

250 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$34.68

22.14

$56.82

--- --- ---- -- --------- --------- -- -- --- ---- --- ----- ---------

--- -- -- --- -- -- -- --- --- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --

- -- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --

FALL SPRAY

Spray Program #14

Spray Program #15

Spray Program #16

Spray Program #17

Materials/Ingredients

Agri-Mek

Ground Application
(PTO driven airblast)

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Thiolux 80 DF (sulfur)

Aerial Application

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Dicofol
Aerial Application

Total per Application

Materials/Ingredients

Vendex 4L

Aerial Application

Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

10 ozs

50 gals

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$48.30

12.21

$60.51

Amount
/Acre

15 lbs

15 GPA

Amount
/Acre

6 pts

15 GPA

Amount
/Acre

2 lbs

15 GPA

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre
$10.20

6.50

$16.70

Cost/Acre

$35.22
6.50

$41.72

Cost/Acre

$41.90

6.50

$48.40

__- --- ---- - ---- -- ------------

--- --- -- --- -- --- --- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- --- -- --- -- --- --- -- --- --

. ... U ... ... ... ... .. -mn Dl .. .. .. .. ...... ......-- - -

....................... --- --- -- ...... -_ -------- ----------- ----------- ---------

Table 2-A.--Herbicide

Herbicide Program #1

(Strip/band)

Herbicide Program #2

(Strip/band)

Amount/
Materials Treated Acre

Solicam 80DF
Karmex WP
Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application

3 lbs
4 lbs
2 qts
2 pts

Amount/
Materials Treated Acre

Surflan A80 DF
Simazine 4L
Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

2 qts
4 qts
2 qts
2 pts

Herbicide Program #3

(Strip/band)

Materials

Karmex WP
Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre

4 lbs
2 qts
2 pts

Cost/
Grove Acre'

$ 8.50
10.90
1.92
10.47

$31.79

Herbicide Program #4
(Strip/band)

Materials
Krovar II
Gramoxone
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(2 times)

Total for 2 Applications

Amount/
Treated Acre
12 lbs
6 pts
Ipt

'With respect to herbicide materials, Amount Per Grove Acre does not equal Amount Per Treated
Acre shown on the label as only a strip or band is being treated. In this report, it is assumed that only
50% or one-half of a grove acre is being treated.

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre"

$20.69
8.50
10.90
1.92
10.47

$52.48

Cost/
Grove Acre*

$13.96
7.36
10.90
1.92

10.47

$44.61

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre'
$65.34
14.79
1.92

20.94

$102.99

_ ~_ ______________II_____I_________

--- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --

I____--- - -- ---------------

L

Table 2-A.--Herbicide (cont'd.)

Herbicide Program #5
(Strip/band)

Herbicide Program #6

(Strip/band)

Materials

Solicam 80DF
Simazine 90DF
Roundup

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Materials

Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre
8 lbs
4 lbs
2 pts

Amount/
Treated Acre

4 qts
2 pts

Herbicide Program #7

(Strip/band)

Materials

Krovar I
Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre

5 lbs
2 qts
2 pts

Herbicide Program #8
(Strip/band)

Herbicide Program #9

(Strip/band)

Amount/
Materials Treated Acre

Princep (Caliber 90)
Hyvar X
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application

4 lbs
6 lbs
2 pts

Amount/
Materials Treated Acre

Roundup
Princep (Caliber 90)
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application

2 qts
4 lbs
2 pts

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre"
$55.16
7.36
5.40

10.47

$78.39

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre"
$21.80
1.92

10.47

$34.19

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre'

$22.63
10.90
1.92

10.47

$45.92

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre'
$ 7.36
42.66
1.92

10.47

$62.41

Cost/
Grove Acre"

$10.90
7.36
1.92

10.47

$30.65

_ 1 __ __ _~_ __ _I _- ----- ------- __L_

--- -- --- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- --

--- -- --- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- --- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- --- -- --

Table 2-A.--Herbicide (cont'd.)

Herbicide Program #10
(Strip/band)

Materials

Direx 4L
Solicam
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre

3 qts
3 lbs
1 qt

Cost/
Grove Acre"

$8.52
20.69
1.92

10.47

$41.60

Herbicide Program #11

(Chemical mow)

Herbicide Program #12

(Chemical mow)

Materials

Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application

Materials

Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre

1 pt
0.5 pt

Amount/
Treated Acre

1.5 pts
0.5 pt

Herbicide Program #13
(Spot treatment)

Materials

Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application

Amount/
Treated Acre
2 qts
2 pts

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre'

$ 2.73
0.96

7.56

$11.25

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre"

$ 4.09
0.96
8.40

$13.45

Your Cost/
Grove Acre

Cost/
Grove Acre'
$10.90
1.92

5.00

$17.82

_______________ ____________ _I_______

- -------------------_ _____ __ ______ __ ____

Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer

Program #1

(125 lbs N/Acre)

Program #2

(150 lbs N/Acre)

Program #3

(180 lbs N/Acre)

Program #4

(204 lbs N/Acre)

Program #5

(225 lbs N/Acre)

Analysis/Material
Applied

12-2-12-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications

Analysis/Material
Applied

15-2-15-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications

Analysis/Material
Applied

15-2-15-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications

Analysis/Material
Applied

17-4-17-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications

Analysis/Material
Applied

15-2-15-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications

Amount
/Acre

1042 lbs
3 times

Amount
/Acre

1000 lbs

3 times

--- --- --- -- --- --- --- -- --- --- --- -- --Am ount

Amount
/Acre

1200 lbs
3 times

---- -- -- ---- ---- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- -- -- ---- -Am ount- -

Amount
/Acre

1200 lbs

3 times

Amount
/Acre

1500 lbs

3 times

Cost/Acre

$ 80.23

20.10

$S00.33

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre

$ 81.00

20.10

$101.10

Cost/Acre

$ 97.20
20.10

$117.30

Cost/Acre

$111.60

20.10

$131.70

Cost/Acre

$121.50

20.10

$141.50

- -------- ------ -- --------- -------------

--------------------- .. ... ..... ..... .... .... ------ ----- ----- ----- ---- --

----- ------ -- ----- -_

Table 4-A.--Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application)
Analysis/Material
Program #1 Applied
(180 Ibs N/Acre) 10-0-10
Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications

Program #2
(180 lbs N/Acre)

Program #3
(180 lbs N/Acre)

Analysis/Material
Applied
10-2-10
Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications

Analysis/Material
Applied
10-0-10
Solicam 80DF
Karmex WP
Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications

*Treated acre--one application

Table 5-A.--Nematicides

Analysis/Material
Applied
Temik 15G
Application
Total per Application

Amount
/Acre

1800 lbs
3 times

Amount
/Acre
1800 Ibs
3 times

Amount
/Acre

1800 lbs
3 lbs*
4 lbs*
3 times

Amount
/Acre
33 lbs

Cost/Acre
$106.20
30.00
$136.20

Cost/Acre
$115.20
30.00
$145.20

Cost/Acre
$106.20
20.69
8.50
30.00
$165.39

Cost/Acre
$119.79
12.00
$131.79

Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre Cost/Acre
Nemacur 15G 67 lbs $217.08
Application 12.00
Total per Application $229.08

Analysis/Material
Applied
Nemacur 15G
Application
Total per Application

Amount
/Acre
50 lbs

Cost/Acre
$162.00
12.00
$174.00

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Program #1

Program #2

Program #3

_____________________I__________ __

- ------ -- ---- ------ ----- -

Table 6-A.--Soil amendment

Program #1
(Every 3 years)

Program #2

(Every year)

Analysis/Material
Applied
Dolomite (Delivered)
Application
Total for 1 Application
(Average 1/3 Ton Applied/Yr)

Analysis/Material
Applied
Dolomite (Delivered)
Application
Total per Application

Table 7-A.--Irrigation--annual cost per acre
DRIP
Program #1

Operating

Maintenance of System
Total Cash Expenses

Fixed Depreciation Expense

Total Cash and Fixed Expenses

MICROSPRINKLER

Operating

Maintenance of System
Total Cash Expenses

Fixed Depreciation Expense

Total Cash and Fixed Expenses

$29.92
(Electric)
37.70
$ 67.62

42.35

$109.97

Program #3
$34.00
(Electric)
44.88
$ 78.88

52.94

$131.82

Your
Cost/Acre Program #2

Your
Cost/Acre

DRAINAGE DITCH ANNUAL COSTS

Ditches/Canals Maintenance ($34.11/acre + 3 years)
Weed Control in Ditches/Canals
Water Control: In/Out of Ditches and Canals
Total

$26.95
(Diesel)
37.70
$64.65

45.25

$109.90

Program #4
$ 29.64
(Diesel)
44.88

$ 74.88

56.56

$131.38

Program #5

$11.37
1051
8.34
$30.22

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Amount
/Acre
1 ton
1 time

-------- -- ---- -- -- -- ---------- ---Am ount

Amount
/Acre1000 lbs
1000 Ibs

Your
Cost/Acre

Your
Cost/Acre

Cost/Acre
$28.08
6.64
341.72
$11.57

Cost/Acre
$14.04
6.64
$20.68

Table 8-A.-A listing of 1995 custom rates reported by twenty-two Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' Comments

CUL17VATION AND EQUIPMENT:

Hand Labor
Tractor/Equipment Operator
Rotovate
Disc 7-8'
Disc 10'
Mow: Off-set or Side Mower
5-8'
9-10'
15-16'
V-Mower
Sickle Mower
Herbicide' (Strip/Band--Single Boom)
Herbicide" (Strip/Band--Single Boom)
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Double Boom)
Herbicide' (Chemical Mow)
Temik/Nemacur'
Plow
Backhoe
Vine Puller
Middle Buster
Mound Builder
Grader Blade
Bush Hog
Water Truck with Driver
Pickup Truck with Driver
Pickup Truck without Driver
Flatbed/Transport Truck with Driver
Tractor with Driver
Tractor without Driver

SPRAYING.?

Hand Sprayer
Air OCrtain Sprayer

Hour $ 8.50-
Hour 10.50-
Hour 2850-
Hour 24.00-
Hour 24.00-
Hour
Hour 24.00-
Hour 25.00-
Hour 2800-
Hour 25.00-
Hour 30.50-
Hour 2800-
Acre 10.25-
Acre 11.50-
Acre 7.00-
Acre 12.00
Hour 23.00-
Hour 35.00-
Hour
Hour 24.00-
Hour 25.00-
Hour 23.00-
Hour -
Hour 24.00-
Hour 21.00-
Hour 1200-
Hour 25.00-
Hour 23.00-
Hour 14.75-

$13.25
15.00
34.00
34.00
34.00

34.00
37.00
40.00
32.00
34.50
36.00
15.75
12.00
1050
15.00
30.00
45.00

34.00
34.00
34.00

34.00
30.00
1850
35.00
30.00
18.50

S10.70 Plus transportation and equipment
12.56
31.61
28.64
28.75
30.25
27.33 Average $10.0Wacre
29.40 Average 9.50/acre
32.05 Average 7.50/acre
2925 Average 10.00/acre
32.50
29.42 Plus materials
12.44 Plus materials
11.80 Plus materials
8.40 Plus materials
13.33 Plus materials
26.42
4131
26.00
28.95 With tractor and driver
2821 With tractor and driver
27.42 Tractor/blade and driver
2850 Average $10.00/acre
27.88
24.36 Average miles traveled per year: Pick-up truck 30,000 miles
16.75 Transport truck 15,000 miles
30.96 Average $1.25/mile
26.40
15.81

Hour S $ $40.00 Includes actor, handgun sprayer and 2 workers
Acre 17.00 17.50 1725 2-MPH Dicky John; Prescott Boom: 539.00/500 gal tank

AIR BLAST SPRAYER

Engine Driven PTO Powered

Acre 25.00- 42.00
Acre 22.50- 34.00
Acre -

34.25 30.00- 35.00
2836 20.00- 34.00
20.00 19.00- 22.00

Acre -. 18&00

32.88
26.81 Average $20/acre-250 GPA @ 2 MPH
20.00 Average $18/acre--125 GPA @ 2 MPH

ENGINE/PTO DRIVEN SPRAYERS

Tank 25.00- 36.00
Tank 31.00- 42.00
Tank 45.00 62.00
Tank 60.00- 72.00
Tank -

30.50 500 gallon tank
37.25 500 gallon tank
51.40 500 gallon tank
65.33 500 gallon tank
8000 500 gallon tank

Fixed Wing: 4.00/acre @ 5 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: 4.75/acre @ 10 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: 6.5wacre @ 15 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: 7.00/acre @ 20 gallons per acre

Ground Application
Aerial Application

FERTILIZING:?

Liquid Boom Application:
Double Boom
Dry (Bulk)
Dry (Bulk)
Lime or Dolomite
Fertilize Young Trees? Hand Spread
Pert. Spreader

Acre 5-
Acre -

S 650
7.50 70 per pound (aerial)

Acre 511.50- $12.50 12.00
Acre 6.00- 8.00 6.70 Averge S30.13/hour
Ton 1800 18.15 1805
Acre 6.00- 800 6.64
Hour 50- 13.25 10.70 Plus transportation; one reporting 10l/tree
Hour 25.00- 36.00 30.04 Plus materials; average $7.00/acre

One reporting travel o/from grove site at one hour per day of pickup truck rate.

(OVER)

500 GPA
250 GPA
125 GPA
100 GPA

Dilute
2X
3X
4X
6X

Aerial
Aerial
Aerial
Aerial

DUSTINGe

Table 8-A--A listing of 1995 custom rates reported by twenty-two Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers (cont'd.)

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' ODmments

IRRIGATION:

Ditch Ceaning Trac Hoe
Water Furrow Disc
Water Furrow Cleaner
Water Furrow Shaper
Rotary Ditcher or Auger
Caterpillar Grader
Water Trencher
4 Wheeler for Microsprinkler with Driver
Miosprinkler/Drip Irrigation Maintenance

REMOVING TREES:

Front End Loader
Tree Shearing (Cutting Tree at Ground
Level)
Vermeer Tree Spade for Relocating Trees

PRUNING:

General Pruning (Rehab/Freeze Damage)
Saw with Operator
Hedging:
Single Side (Tractor Mounted)
Double Side (Tractor Pulled)
Double Side (Tractor Pulled)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Self Propelled Double Boom & Hedger
Topping:
Tractor Pulled
Single Boom (Self Propelled)

Double Sided Topper
Double Boom (Self Propelled)
Limb Lifter/Tree Skirt Trimmer
Removing Brush:
Haul Brush out of Grove
Mow Brush

OTHER CUSTOM RATES:

Plant Trees (Solid Set)
Plant Trees (Resets)
Mechanic Labor
Grove Management Charge/Month:
Supervising Grove Care Operations
Handling Fruit Marketing
SupervisingfHandling Chemicals/Fertilizer

Consulting

Total Reported Acreage Provided Grove
Service to:

Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Acre/Month

S $ $45,00 5 ft. bucket
26.00- 35.00 31.06
25.00- 34.00 30.00
55.00- 70.00 6333
26.00- 34.00 29.92
S50.00
28.00- 34.00 30.67
14.00- 19.50 17.36 Average 4.00/acre
3.00- 3.50 3.15 Check & repair system; parts extra

S45.00- $ 49.50 $45.11 Avg. range 5-20 trees per hour, bulldozer avg. 55.13/hour

50.00- 55.00 51.67 Avg. range 5-12 trees per hour
60.00

S- 3 S 350
15.00- 25.00 1825

50.00- 75.00 63.00 4 to 8 acres/hour
15.00
75.00- 107.00 93.00 4 to 15 acres/hour. Double Side (Tractor Mounted): S205/hr
240.00- 250.00 245.00 8 to 20 acres/hour depending on wood size
300.00- 325.00 31250 12to 25 acres/bour--double row beds; 8 to 12 acres--single
-- 350.00 \r beds; depending on wood size

95.00- 107.00 99.25 2-5 ac/hr depending on wood size; 30.00/acre
300.00- 315.00 307.50 4 to 10 acres/hour depending on wood ize; 10 to 20 acres
\lttop cut from bed tops
240.00 Avg. 8 to 16 acres depending on wood size type of cut
510.00 2 to 10 acrea/hour depending on wood size; 15 to 30 acres
50.00- 60.00 56.75 3 to 5 acres/hour, one reporting \Lttop cut from bed tops
\15.00/acre
40.00- 50.00 45.22 Pront-end loader
26.00- 40.00 34.57 Average 1S0.00/acre

S 0.60- 1.50 S 1.12 Varies as to density
1.75- 2.50 2.23 Varies as to the number of resets
26.00- 40.00 30.78 Labor and service truck

250- 6.00 3.94 In addition to caretaking charges
2.50- 6.00 4.17 Average 14 per box
250- 4.00 2.75 10% to 15% of materials cost

$100 per hour for Horticultural Evaluation and/or Financial Analysis/prospectus.
S2 per acre for Pest Management/Regulatory Cbmpliance in addition to management charge.

463- 11.000 3,087 Total acres reporting: 51.301

Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, Lake Alfred CREC May 1995.

"Plus materials. Caretakers reporting rates include labor, tractor and sprayer supply truck included by most caretakers.

'Calculated by dividing the total number of caretakers reporting a grove practice rate into the sum reported. Unless otherwise stated, labor included with all charges.

Table 9-A.-1995 summary of average chemical price estimates

Average
Item Unit Price

Fungicides:

Aliette 80WP
Benlate
Basic Copper Sulfate (53%)
Cupric Hydroxide (50%)
Copper (50%) (Kocide 101)
Copper (40%) (Kocide 606)
Copper (40%) (Champ)
Oil 412
Oil 435 or 455
Ridomil 2E
Ridomil 5G

Insecticides/Nematicides:
Admire
Agri-Mek (0.15EC)
Carzol 92 SP
Comite 6.55 EC
Cygon 4 EC
Dicofol 4 EC
Eclipse
Ethion
Guthion 2L
Guthion 50WP
Kelthane MF
Logic Bait
Lorsban 4EC
Lorsban 15G
Malathion 5 E
Metasystox-R
Methyl Bromide 98/2
Morestan 25WP
Nemacur 3EC
Nemacur 15G
Sevin 80S
Sevin XLR
Sulphur 6F
Sulphur Dust
Supracide 2 EC
Temik 15G
Thiolux 80 DF
Vapam
Vendex 50W

lb.
lb.
lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
lb.

13.92
16.20
1.37
2.03
2.01
12.42
22.00
2.31
2.28
151.41
4.58

600.00
618.38
29.20
78.25
34.94
46.95
53.16
34.16
30.37
8.00
46.20
7.32
44.30
1.83
20.43
48.56
1.01
13.69
63.74
3.24
4.34
24.62
3.61
321.25
47.60
3.63
0.68
4.92
20.95

(Continued on Reverse Side)

Table 9-A.-1995 summary of average chemical price estimates (cont'd.)

Average
Item Unit Price

Herbicides:

Devrinol 50WP
Direx 80 DF
Direx 4L
Eptam
Fusilade OX
Goal
Gramoxone (Paraquat)
Hyvar X
Karmex
Krovar I
Krovar II
Princep (Caliber 90)
Princep 4L

Prowl
Rodeo (30 gal drum)
Roundup (30 gal drum)
Simazine 4L
Solicam
Surflan AS
Torpedo 1E
Touchdown
Treflan
Growth Regulators:
Fruit Fix
Pro-Gibb 3.91%
Tre-Hold
Other Spray Materials:
Borates (15%)
Manganese (32%)
Zinc (78%)
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Nutritional Spray Mix:
Goemar BM 86
Goemar MZ 63
NutraLeaf (20-20-20)
Sequestrene 138 FE
Peter's 20-20-20 Foliar
Key Plex 350
Dyna Gro Citrate 779
Dyna Gold MZF

8.05
4.30
22.72
28.43
137.52
78.36
39.47
14.22
4.25
9.05
10.89
3.68
16.56
27.28
98.02
43.60
14.75
13.79
55.80
51.43
64.77
32.90

103.70
34.09
71.08

0.78
0.32
0.82
15.38

28.50
30.50
0.61
11.15
0.64
16.40
7.25
7.77

gal.
20 oz.
gal.

University of

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist,
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, May 1995.

Table 10-A.--1995 summary of average fertilizer price estimates

Average
Item Unit Price

FERTILIZER (FOB Price @ Plant) $
Slow Release (Young Tree)*
IBDU: 8-4-8 (N) ton 272.00
10-3-7 (N) ton 384.00
Osmocote: 17-6-9 (NPK) ton 1,750.00
ESCOTE: 19-6-12 (NPK) ton 1,524.00
Nutralene/Hydrolene (N 40%) ton 884.00
Sulfur Coated Urea (39%-40% N) ton 440.50
Dry Mix (Bulk)
17-0-17-3m ton 182.67
17-4-17-2.4MS ton 186.53
16-0-16 ton 151.60
16-0-16-2.4ms ton 156.45
16-0-16-4, ton 179.83
16-2-16-3, ton 173.70
15-2-12-2.4,m ton 162.27
12-2-12-2.4,g ton 154.60
8-8-8 w/minors** ton 136.47
8-4-8 w/minors** ton 138.40
8-2-8 w/minors** ton 132.40
6-6-6 w/minors** ton 127.33
Liquid Mix (Bulk)
8-2-8 ton 118.37
8-4-8 ton 122.50
9-3-9 ton 125.35
9-4-9 ton 130.10
10-0-10 ton 117.85,
10-2-10 ton 127.75
12-0-6 ton 121.40
12-3-6 ton 136.60

*Slow Release Elements are indicated in parenthesis.

**With organic nitrogen, the price averaged 25% higher.

(Continued on Reverse Side)

Table 10-A.--1995 summary of average fertilizer price estimates (cont'd.)

Average
Item Unit Price

Foliar N $
UNOCAL Plus (20% N) gal 1.45
Dynazone (28% N of which 20.1% Slow
Released) gal 5.50
Other Fertilizer Materials (Bulk)
Ammonium Nitrate (21% N Liquid) ton 124.27
Ammonium Nitrate (33.5% N Dry) ton 191.67
Ammonium Sulfate (21% N) ton 117.33
Calcium Nitrate (19% Ca, 15.5% N) ton (bags) 186.67
Dolomite (at mine--49% CaCO,, ton 15.00
36% MgCO3)
Gypsum (20%-28% Ca) ton 18.00
High Cal Lime (36%-39% Ca) ton 10.50
Muriate of Potash (42% K) ton 151.07
Potassium Nitrate (14% N) ton 375.00
Super Phosphate (8% P) ton 125.00
Triple Superphosphate (19% P) ton 155.00
Average Delivery Cost ton 13.08

SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, May 1995.

Table 1l-A.-Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four years of age, South Florida flatwoods area

Cost Per Acre

Range Average

$ $
Land Cost:' Improved Pasture Land 1,700-2,500 2,050
Raw Land and Semi-improved Pasture 1,150-1,800 1,450
Land Preparation: Pasture and Light Palmettos 125- 275 195
(Clearing) Raw Land (heavy pines, palmettos) 350- 600 465
Leveling: With Laser 200- 350 275
Without Laser 100- 250 160
Bedding: 2-rows (short rows 1,350+ feet) 100- 195 130
Soil Amendments: Dolomite 1 ton 35
Super Phosphate, 400 lbs. 30
Canals, Ditches and Dikes 150- 260 195
Reservoirs and Roads 130- 180 155
Throw-out Pumps for Water Movement 45- 60 55
Culverts 65- 135 85
Middle Drop Drainage Pipes 45- 95 105
Drainage Tile 140- 160 150
Cover Crop 9- 16 12
Irrigation System: Microsprinkler with Well2 850-1,500 1,000
without Well 525-1,200 700
Drip with Well2 775-1,050 875
without Well 400- 825 560
Water Permits, Environmental Studies, and Engineering: Cost 40- 90 70
Time in Months 5- 12 8
Percent Land Utilization: Planted to Citrus 55%- 85% 71%
Ditches and Canals 5%- 10% 8%
Water Retention 10%- 30% 15%
Roads and Service Areas 3%- 15% 6%

South Florida

Year

1 2 3 4

Solidset Planted Trees' Cost Per Tree
Microsprinkler Irrigation and Ditch Maintenance $0.40 $050 $0.65 $0.85
Fertilize Tree 0.25 0.40 0.55 0.56
Supplemental Fertilization thru Irrigation 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.29
Spray 0.30 0.40 0.47 0.50
Insulated Tree Wrap (annual maintenance) 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.00
Sprouting (labor) 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00
Cultivation/Mowing 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Herbicide 054 0.54 0.54 0.54
Ridomil/Aliette 035 0.35 0.00 0.00
Miscellaneous 0.43 0.49 0.42 0.48
Total Cost Per Year $331 $3.77 $3.62 $3.66

Reset Trees (annual additional grove care costs) $2.13 $2.47 $1.84 -

Cost of Planting Trees* Solidset = $5.00 Reset $6.30

'Land cost will vary from one county to another as well as from one parcel to another.

2Irrigation costs include distribution system, power unit and well (where indicated.) The higher cost ranges reported also included a cost for
fertigation equipment.

'The per tree costs shown are applicable for tree densities of 145 to 165 trees per acre. The per tree costs should be decreased for higher density
plantings and increased for lower density plantings; e.g., at 200 trees per acre decrease costs by 15%; at 115 trees per acre increase costs by 15%.

*Tree cost (bare root) $3.25; stake, plant, and water tree i $1.25 (solidset) and $2.55 (resets); and uninsulated tree wrap $0.50.

Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Farm Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred, FI, November 1989.

Table 12-A.--Historic prices' for selected citrus varieties
Variety

Early and Seedless grapefruit'
mid'-season Late season Temple
Crop year oranges oranges oranges Tangerines Tangelos (white) (colored)

1961-62
1962-63
1963-64
1964-65
1965-66
1966-67
1967-68
1968-69
1969-70
1970-71
1971-72
1972-73
1973-74
1974-75
1975-76
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91

1991-92
1992-93
1993-94'

$1.93
2.17
4.43
2.57
1.44
0.81
1.86
1.56
1.15
1.10
1.98
1.43
1.38
1.46
1.69
1.89
3.90
4.44
3.59
3.67
4.27
4.88
5.09
7.30
3.92
4.56
6.72
6.63
6.01
5.38

5.44
3.16
3.63

$1.81
350
4.45
2.28
1.79
1.08
2.28
1.83
1.13
1.91
2.11
1.71
1.59
1.82
1.88
2.63
4.40
4.95
3.89
4.63
4.29
5.41
6.72
6.88
3.97
6.02
8.73
8.41
6.53
6.58

6.65
3.88
5.07

$2.17
3.09
4.45
2.77
1.80
0.88
2.79
2.22
1.47
1.91
1.95
1.95
1.64
1.68
1.79
2.16
3.92
4.89
2.89
4.21
4.01
3.99
5.34
5.59
3.01
3.60
5.69
5.46
5.64
6.31

6.51
2.99
3.49

$2.04
3.02
3.18
2.68
2.14
1.06
4.29
2.55
2.23
1.88
2.97
2.37
2.82
3.05
3.02
3.29
4.79
4.99
4.25
5.45
6.23
7.57
5.93
15.91
12.69
10.92
12.99
12.64
15.28
17.10

18.00
13.75
11.38

$3.36
4.66
4.83
4.00
2.85
1.64
3.22
2.47
1.13
1.04
1.69
1.39
1.25
1.45
1.42
1.42
3.29
3.90
2.87
3.92
3.58
4.37
4.28
7.08
4.06
3.72
5.58
6.31
5.10
6.11

7.16
3.31
3.44

$0.68
1.29
2.24
1.51
1.39
0.73
2.05
0.98
1.72
1.89
2.27
2.06
1.58
155
1.29
1.49
1.47
2.21
3.12
3.46
1.92
1.51
2.08
3.02
3.56
4.45
5.35
4.33
5.21
459

6.46
2.37
3.46

$0.86
1.81
2.54
1.82
1.64
0.94
2.48
1.15
1.92
2.15
2.69
2.53
2.12
2.59
2.23
2.04
2.09
3.13
3.80
4.22
2.80
3.20
4.05
4.84
4.98
5.80
5.93
4.71
6.30
6.85

6.87
3.32
3.58

'On-tree average price per box (1-3/5 bushel box equivalent) for all methods of sale minus pick and haul
charges.

bNavel and Hamlin
'Parson Brown and Pineapple

dValencia

'Marsh (white) or pink

Source: Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.

'Preliminary

Table 13-A.--Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity

Loan Interest rate paid on the loan
term
(years) 8.0% 8.5% 9.0% 95% 10.0% 105% 11.0% 115% 12.0% 12.5% 13.0% 13.5% 14.0% 145% 15.0%

1 926 922 917 913 909 905 901 897 893 889 885 881 877 873 870
2 1,783 1,771 1,759 1,747 1,754 1,724 1,713 1,701 1,690 1,679 1,668 1,657 1,647 1,636 1,626
3 2,577 2,554 2,531 2,509 2,487 2,465 2,444 2,423 2,402 2,381 2,361 2,341 2,322 2,302 2,283
4 3,312 3,276 3,240 3,204 3,170 3,136 3,102 3,070 3,037 3,006 2,974 2,944 2,914 2,884 2,855
5 3,993 3,941 3,890 3,840 3,791 3,743 3,696 3,650 3,605 3,561 3,517 3,475 3,433 3,392 3,352
6 4,623 4,554 4,486 4,420 4,355 4,292 4,230 4,170 4,111 4,054 3,998 3,942 3,889 3,836 3,784
7 5,206 5,119 5,033 4,950 4,868 4,789 4,712 4,640 4,564 4,492 4,423 4,355 4,288 4,224 4,160
8 5,747 5,639 5,535 5,433 5,335 5,239 5,146 5,056 4,968 4,882 4,799 4,718 4,639 4,562 4,487
9 6,247 6,119 5,995 5,875 5,759 5,646 5,537 5,431 5,328 5,228 5,132 5,038 4,946 4,858 4,772
10 6,710 6561 6,418 6,279 6,145 6,015 5,889 5,768 5,650 5,536 5,426 5,319 5,216 5,116 5,019
11 7,139 6,969 6,805 6,647 6,495 6,348 6,207 6,070 5,938 5,810 5,687 5,568 5,453 5,341 5,234
12 7,536 7,345 7,161 6,984 6,814 6,650 6,492 6,341 6,194 6,054 5,918 5,787 5,660 5,538 5,421
13 7,904 7,691 7,487 7,291 7,103 6,923 6,750 6,583 6,424 6,270 6,122 5,979 5,842 5,710 5,583
14 8,244 8,010 7,786 7,572 7,367 7,170 6,982 6,801 6,628 6,462 6,302 6,149 6,002 5,861 5,724
15 8,559 8,304 8,061 7,828 7,606 7,394 7,191 6,997' 6,811 6,633 6,462 6,299 6,142 5,992 5,847
16 8,851 8,576 8,313 8,062 7,824 7,596 7,379 7,172 6,974 6,785 6,604 6,431 6,265 6,106 5,954
17 9,122 8,825 8543 8,276 8,022 7,779 7,549 7,329 7,119 6,920 6,729 6,547 6,373 6,207 6,048
18 9,372 9,056 8,756 8,471 8,201 7,945 7,702 7,470 7,250 7,040 6,840 6,649 6,467 6,294 6,128
19 9,603 9,268 8,950 8,650 8,365 8,095 7,839 7,596 7,366 7,146 6,938 6,739 6,551 6,370 6,198
20 9,818 9,463 9,129 8,812 8,514 8,231 7,963 7,71(0 7,469 7,241 7,025 6,819 6,623 6,437 6,259
25 10,675 10,234 9,823 9,438 9,077 8,739 8,422 8,123 7,843 7,579 7,330 7,095 6,873 6,663 6,464
30 11,258 10,747 10,274 9,835 9,427 9,047 8,868 8,364 8,055 7,766 7,496 7,242 7,003 6,778 6,566
35 11,655 11,088 10,567 10,087 9,644 9,234 8,855 8,503 8,175 7,870 7,586 7,320 7,070 6,836 6,617
40 11,925 11,315 10,757 10,247 9,779 9,348 8,951 8,587 8,244 7,928 7,634 7,361 7,105 6,866 6,642

'Example. Assumes a $10,000 after tax income at 11.5% interest rate and a 15-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $69,970
($6,997 x 10). At 11.5% interest rate and a 20-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $77,100 ($7,710 x 10).

	Front Cover
	Abstract
	Acknowledgement
	Table of Contents
	List of Tables
	Main
	Reference
	Addenda