The Insect pest survey bulletin

THE INSECT PEST SURVEY

BULLETIN










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Volume 18 May 1, 1933 Number 3


BUREAU OF

ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AND

THE STATE ENTOMOLOGICAL


AGENCIES COOPERATING




LIBRARY
RATE PLAN'/ BOARD
















INSECT PEST SURVEY BULLETIN


Vol. l1 May 1, 1938 No. 3



THE MORE IMPORT4A:T RECORDS FOR APRIL

The outstanding event of the month was the outbreak of the army-
worm and the variegated cutworm in northwestern Mississippi, northeastern
Louisiana, and east-central Arkansas. Oats and alfalfa were the prin-
cipal crops injured.

The unseasonably cool rainy weather the second week in April and
the continued unfavorable weather delayed hatching of grasshopper eg-:s
over much of the infested territory; however, somn hatching has; taken
place in Utah, southca.stcrn Colorado, and northwestern T;::., and is
practically complete in Oklahoma and Missouri.

Eggs of the Mormon cricket have hatched throughout Montana.

Damage by cutworms was reported from many localities, the most
injurious being the variegated cutworm in the Delta counties of Missis-
sippi and Louisiana and the army cutworm in western IlTorth Dakota.

May beetles were observed at lights as far north as Ch:dbourn,
N. C., La Fayette, Ind., and Kansas. Only moderate injury was reported
generally but pecan buds in Georgia wore severely injured. Injury by
the grub of the green June beetle occurred in Kentucky, Tcnnrsee, and
Georgia.

The spring brood of the hcssian fly is emoLrging in Indiana. The
insect in the pupal stage withstood abnormally low temixrav:r:s in Kan-
sas the second wck of the month. The infestation in Pennsylvania is
light generally.

The chinch bug has passed the winter successfully but has been
slow in leaving winter quarters. The first noticeable flights occurreoi
during the last 10 days of the month in Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri.


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The survival of pupae of the corn ear worm, or bollworm, ia
cages in New Jersey, Virginia, Ohio, and Texas was higher than in 1937,
and in Kansas survival was recorded^ for the first time, cages having
been run' for 4 years. The insect also survived in Utah.

The pea aphid is appearing on alfalfa and peas along the Atlantic
coast from Virginia to Now Jersey, A few pea fields on the Eastern' Shore
of Virginia are heavily infested. The insect is increasing rapidly in
the pea fields of southern Wisconsin. On the Pacific coast the survival
was high, but cold wet weather in March delayed reproduction until
April, when the insect became numerous on alfalfa and Austrian field peas
in Oregon and California.

The codling moth is pupating generally over the country and
adults wore observed as far north as Indiana. Mortality in Washington
is very low.

The eastern tent caterpillar is very abundant from Now Hampshire
to South Carolina and westward to Tennessee.

Apple aphids hatched rather abundantly, but many were killed in
Connecticut, New York, and Pennsylvania by cold weather. An Qutbreak of
the rosy aphid is developing in southern Indiana and western Kentucky.

The vegetable weevil is more abundant and destructive in Alabama,
Mississippi, and Louisiana than usual, A new infestation, several miles
from the known infested area, was reported from Texas. The insect is
unusually destructive in southern Qalifornia.

The Colorado potato beetle is abundant from Virginia, through
North Carolina and Mississippi, to Louisiana.

The Mexican bean beetle is coming out of hibernation in the Nor-
folk district, the first one boing taken on beans in the field on April 11,
which is 9 days earlier than ever before recorded in that locality. Wino-
tar mortality in Colorado is 39 percent; normal mortality is between 60
and 70 percent.

The harlequin bug is appearing in great abundance as far north
as Chadbournt, N. C

The potato leoafhopper was taken at trap lights at Arlington, Ta.,
2 weeks earlier than previously recorded.













The tomato worn is appcarin,- earlier than usual in the tobacco
district of northwestern Florida.

Cold v weather has delayed planting and has killca much cotton
that was planted c-rly. Planting has also been delayed by drou.uht in sono
areas and by too much rain in others. The cold dry weather in April has
delayed the ener ence of boll weevils in .any places. By the end of the
month *:.c:.ther conditions favored the -rowth of cotton and the weevils
wore reported as novin( into the fields.

Early in the season the cotton flea hopper appeared in gre t
abundance, but it received a set-back by the cold weather arnd at present
is no more than normally abundanIt.

The great number of reports of, abundance of cankcrworn indi-
cate that the insect is occurring in outbreak forn in the Middle Atlantic
States from ITew Hampshire to South Carolina, also in Ohio and Mississippi.

The forest tent caterpillar is reported in abuni- rnco in South
Carolina and KIississippi.

An introduced ahid, Myzus ornatus Laing, is occurring in abun-
dance at Berkeley, Calif., and has been discovered in Los Angeles County.

DialcurIdes chittendeni Laing is being reported from Connecticut
for the first tine.


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GENERAL FEEDERS

GRASSHOPPERS (Acrididac)

Connecticut. A. W. Morrill, Jr. (April): Reports wore received on
April 15 that springtails had boon eating newly sprouted tobacco
soedli:-..-s in plant beds at Windsor, in west-central Connecticut, for
about a week. On April 23, 15 or 20 specimens were brought in and
proved to be very young nymph grasshoppers, probably Molanoplus
feriur-rubrum (Dog.). Also on the 23d, egg pods wore discovered in the
ground adjoining beds containing grasshopper nymphs almost fully de-
veloped.

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): Lubberly grasshoppers, Romalea microp-
t.ora (Bcauv.), have been very abundant in Clay and adjoining counties,
doing damage particularly to bulbs of amaryllis, narcissus, iris, and
other plants. They began appearing in large numbers late in March
and most of them are now in the second and third instars.

Minnesota. A. G. Rugglos (April 19): E :: have not hatched yet to any
extent. A few nymphs of Chortophaga sp. have been found.

Missouri. L. Hasoman (April 25): During the first days of April in some
of the southern counties and since the middle of the month at Colum-
bia, the lesser migratory Lraisshoppcr (IM. mexicanus Sauss.) has been
hatching and, in places, great numbers have hatched and are beginning
to feed.

Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (April): A report, with specimens, from Holt
County indicated that Hippiscus rugosus Scudd-., C. viridifasciata Dog.,
and Arrlia xanthoptora Burn. were found attacking young alfalfa in
that county. Specimens of mitcs, Eutrombidiunm trigonum Hermann,
wore received from Douglas County on April 2, with the report that
they were very numerous, presumably feeding chiefly on grasshopper eggs.

Oklahoma. C. F. Stiles (April 30): E-,"-s are hatching in all parts of
the State, and hoppers are doing a little d:r.'e in a few counties.
The pgrcentagec of hatch varies from 10 to 75-

Texas. F. L. Thormas (April 22): Grasshoppers continue to be a potential
menace in northwestern Texas. Snow probably aided. in protecting
those that had already hatched.

Montana. H. B. Mills (April 20): Several reports have boon received of
hatching of grasshoppers, but those that have been investigated have
disclosed nynphs of the overwintering C. viridifasciata.

Colorado. S. C. McCampbcll (April 19): Men are making surveys of egg
beds in migratory grasshopper (Dissosteira longiponnis Thos.) area.
We will h"ve an infestation involving so-nething over 4,000,000 acres
of this species. Er;s arc developing very slowly, owing to spring
rains and snows. It is estimated that it will be 3 weeks before this
species hatches.







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Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 16): E'-:s are abundant and in good condition
west of EThrain, in Sanpete County, central Utah, and near Trenton,
in Cache County, northern Utah. Little hatching has occurred, as re-
peated snow storms stopped hatching about the middle of March.

MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex Hald.)

Montana. H. B. Mills (April 20): Mormon crickets are hatching generally
throughout the State, and field work on control will probably start
before the end of April.

CUTWORMS (Noctuidae)

New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (April 25): The well-marked
cutworm (Agrotis unicolor Walk.) was found on April l1, feeding on
spinach in ITascau County.

New Jersey. J. B. Schmitt (April 22): Cutworms are abundant in rubbish
in and around fields. Some plants have been destroyed in coldframes.

Virginia. W. J. Schoene (April 20): Climbing cutworms are very common
on peach trees.

H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Cutworns are moder-
ately abundant in some fields at Norfolk.

Georgia. T. L. Bissell (April 25): A corresp-n.rdort sent in 15 specimens
of Lycophotio. m-rgaritosa saucia Hbn. from 1 tomato plant in a .-reern-
hous'e at Qlarks'on, They were eating fruits. Since February 13, 14
moths have been taken in light traps at Experiment and 6 on March 23.

C. H. Alden (April 20): Cutworms have cut off about one-sixth
of the tomato plants set out in the last week at Cornelia. These are
much more injurious than last year.

Florida. F. S. Chamberlin (April 5): Cutworms caused relatively little
damage in fields of newly set tobacco this season in Gadsden County.

AlabaSna. J. M. Robinson (April 23): These pests have attacked onions,
cabbage, and tomato plants to a great extent in central and southern
Alabama.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 21): H. Gladney of Ocean Springs reported
that he had observed damage to tomatoes, berins, and corn in Jackson
County, and N. D. Pects, of Brookhaven, indicated that cutworms were
numerous in gardens and flower bees in his districts. iierous re-
ports from the -1t. counties indicate the heaviest inf. toh of
varioratod cucn;cr .L margaritcsa .u.? in sOveral ye':s. Much
damage is being done to all winter cc^r c ro-os. As riny as 20 or 30
worms under a single bur-clover or alfalfa plant were refprted in
some instances. Some alfalfa is bei:-..- destr ycd by mixed infesta-
tions of the armyworm (Cirphis unipuncta Haw.) and the variegated

LIBRARY
STATE PLANT BOARD







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cutworm, which is very abundant in alfalfa, bur-clover, and other
cover crops. "

Louisiana. R. C. Gaines (April 21): While in East Oarroll Parish on
April 20, wo visited a 62-acre field of bur-clover which had been com-
pletely destroyed by cutworms.

Tennossoee. L. B. Scott (April 1): Several cutworms per square foot wore
noted in many pastures in Montgomery County on March 30. -Several
cases of severe damIge have been noted in tobacco plant beds. It is
not uncommon to find five cutworms per square foot in pastures. Ob-
servations indicate an unusually severe infestation in north-central
Tennessee. It is much more severe than the heavy infestation in 1937.
Damage is particularly severe to corn, tomatoes, tobacco-plant beds,
and strawberries.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): Claybackod'cutworms (Feltia gladiaria
Morr.) are present in large numbers and are causing much damage to
young tobacco plants in the bedand to clov6r and alfalfa. They seem
to be generally distributed over the State.-

Michigan. R. Hutson (April 25): Cutworms are abundant in -'. Berrien
County about St. Joseph, in Van Buren County at Paw Paw, and in Manis-
tee County. The species reported at Manistec is A. unicolor.

Missouri. L. Haseman (April 25): Cutworm moths accompanied the flights
of armyworm moths during the first part of the month, but they were
less abundant than the latter., To date, no complaints of cutworms
have been received, but the partly grown cutworms are abundant in the
sod. Variegated cutworms bred from ec-s in the laboratory are now
nearly full-fed.

Arkansas. W. F. Turner (April 15): Peaches in Cross County are being in-
jured by climbing cutworms.

North Dakota. J. A. Munro (April 16): Infestations of the army cutworm
(Chorizagrotis auxiliaris Grote), though spotted, are'heavy enough to
indicate serious injury to crops as soon as plants are above ground.
Reports have been received from five or six of the western counties.

Kansas, H. R. Bryson (April 25): The moths of C. au:xiliaris were abun-
dant at lights during the second and third weeks of April. The larvae
did not cause much injury to crops because the garden crops in most
localities were not up. Thoy were reported causing injury to oats
at Republic.

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 25): Eriopyga incincta Morr., Parastichtis
bicolorago Guen., and Feltia venerabilis Walk. wore observed destroy-
ing the leaves of reclaimed sand-dune land at Ianhattan. The last
was also found in gardens.

Oklahoma. C. F. Stiles (April 30): Armyworms are generally distributed
over the southern part of the State.








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Texas. F. L. Thomas (April 20): Cutworms have been severe in, g-eneral.
They appeared early and da-i-ned wheat in Baylor County. One farmer
lost 35 acres. Cutworms were abundant throughout March on lettuce,
potatoes, corn, and strawberries in Galveston County.

Colorado. G. M. List (April 23): The western erny cutworn (C. auxiliaris)
is doing noticeable d-na;e in some alfalfa fields in Larimer County.
Two specimens of Porosazrotis orthogonia Morr. were brought in from
a 30-acre field in Adams County in which the wher.t had been destroyed.

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 25): Cutworms are abundant in the sandy
cultivated land from Lakeview to Pleasant Grove, in Utah County.
Alfalfa is suffering most from their attack.

C. J. Soronson (April 22): Modoratoly abundant in alfalfa
fields in Cache County.

Arizona. C. D. Lebert (April 21): Noctuid larvae, Leucocnenis sp.,
severely defoliated ash trees in the Phoenix area. They hide under
the bark by day and feed in the new growth by night.

California. J. Wilcox and M. WV. Stone (Mlarch 25): Damage by Feltia annexa
Treit. was especially severe on lettuce at Costa Mese. Peas wcr'e also
attacked.

L'.0OTHS A-ID BUTTERFLIES (Lepidoptera)

Vermont. H. L. Bailey (April 20): The first specimen of the painted lady
(Vanessa cardui L.) was observed at Springfield, in thu southeastern
part of the State, today.

Connecticut. J. V. Schaffnor, Jr. (April 21): Cocoons of Philosamia
cynthia Drury are abundant in some sections of Ncv. Haven. J. E. R.
Holbrook and T. P. J. Duffy, of this laboratory, reTort then very
abundant in the vicinity of the Ihcw Haven freight yards, where there
are many ailanthus trees and saplings of natural reproduction.

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): The orang-e dog (P~apilio cresprhontes
Cram.) be.-an to be noticed on nursery stock early in April.

Louisiana. B. A. Ostcrberc-r (April l1): On the highway near Gonzales,
Ascension Parish, many larval stae cs, apparently of Esti:-.c:e acraea
(Drury) wore noticed nitrating across the paved highway.

Ohio. E. W. Mendonhall (March 30): The cecropia moth (Platysam ia cecropia
L.) is quite numerous this year. It- made its appearance early, about
the middle of M.:arch.

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 16): Mourning cloak butterflies (Har:-'ry-s
antiopa L.) have been seen on warm days in northern Utah since "'arch 6.






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WIREWORIIS (Elateridae)

-CoYinecticut. A. W. Morrill, Jr. (April 1): Limonius agonus Say, which
usually appears about the end of April, was first observed in small
numbers under'freshly pulled stumps on March 16 at Windsor, in the
west-central part of the State. They were seen in the field when plow-
ing was begun on April 1, and have since been found in large numbers
in the soil, These fields will bb set to tobacco about June 1, at
which time untreated fields may be expected to suffer at least as much
damage as was recorded last year. Untreated.portions of the fields in
question did not produce marketable tobacco last year-and the expense
was increased by the fact that from five to six resettings by hand
were necessary.

Georgia. M. Mlurphoy (April 22): Larvae of Heteroderes laurentii Guer.
were collected in strawberry fruit grown at Atlanta. (Determined by
A. G. Boving.)

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 23): The true wiroworms have caused some
d:-tgc to wheat, in a few instances. Aeolus amabilis (Lec.) injured
spring wheat inr- some small plots at Junction City.

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 15): Wireworms were nurecrous in sod eoxmined
at Pctorson, in Morgan County.

Washington. H. P. Lanchcster (April 20): Melanotus orcgonensis Lec. has
been found in the adult stage during the l.st month at Walla Walla.
The larvae have buen noted only recently. L. infuscatus Mots. was
collected in both adult and larval stages from a nurmbcr of cultivated
fields, and in at least one instance was the prodominnzit form.

E. W. Jones (April 19): Larvae of the Pacific coast wireworm
(L. canus Lec.) and the sugar-beet wireworn (L. californicus Mann.)
wore found feeding on lettuce plants in gardens at Walla Walla as
early as April 7. Large numbers of the sur.r-beot wircworim were taken
by baiting in the week ended. April 18.

WHITE GRUBS (Phyrllophaga spp.)

North Carolina. W. A. Thouas (April 15): May beetles are just coning to
lights for the first tine at Ch.dbourn, but as yet are not very abundant.

J. F. Cooper (April 20): One-third of a 4--acre planting of wheat
in Alexander County was destroyed in February and March. No new
damv.ge was noted on April 13. Damage appeared only in those parts of
the field where wheat had been planted following lospedeza.

Georgia. G. F. Moznctte (April 4); P. forsteri Burn. and P. hirticula
Knoch have caused considerable injury to the opening buds and new
growth on pecan trees in orchards south of Albany. The damage has
been especially severe to the buds and r.eo; growth on top-worked pecan
trees, which were the first to put out in the spring. (Det., by P.
Luginbill.)








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Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 21): Slight damage was done by May beetles
in one pecan orchard in Jackson County, according to H. Gladney, on
April 21, while I. D. Peets reported that he recently observed con-
sidcrable injury to pecan trees in the southwestern part of the State.

Louisiana. B. A. Ostorberger (April 21): June beetles have not been
very active since the cold weather the first part of April, which was
followed by heavy rains. The last few nights, flights have been very
light in East Baton Rouge Parish. The species collected ,were P. congrua
Loc., P. micans Knoch, and a few P. crinita Burm.

Indiana. P. Luginbill (April 25): The first May beetles to appear at
La Fayette were.a female and a male of P. forvida F., which were cap-
tured at traps on the night of April 19.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): May beetles begai flying in Lexington
on April 14. Lx

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 25): May beetles have booeen very abundant at
lights the last few nights. Larvae of the other broods arc causing
some injury in gardens and-strawberry beds.

GREEM- JLUVE BEETLE (Cotinis nitida L.)

Georgia. T. L. Bissell (April 15): Larvae have been damaging pimento
popper plant beds at:Zobulon, in central Georgia.

Tenn-ssee. L. B. Scott (April 26): The infestation on tobacco plants
in Montgomery County is about normal. Severe d-'.a. was nLoted
occasionally.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): Green June beetle larvae damaged
tobacco plants in the beds at Lexington, Versailles, and Danville.

JAPATIESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica Tewm.)

Maryland. H. C. Donohoc (April 22): ITu...I-ous samples of soil taken at
Princess Anne indicate an average population of more than 11 larvae
per square foot. The rvi-i .u-i obtained in any 1-square-foot sample
was 29 larvae. Vc-:.tation in the infested area is sparse native
cover, the most noticeable plant being wild strawberry, of which the
larvae appear particularly fond.

BLTr.2L FLOWZR BEETLE (uphoria inda L.)

Vermont. H. L. Bailey (April 22): Sevcrn.1 specimens wore collected at
Dorset, Bennington County, southwestern Vermont, today.







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CEREAL AND FORAGE-CROP INSECTS


WHEAT AND OTHER SMALL GRAINS

ARMTIWOPU (Cirphis unipuncta Haw.)'

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Larvae are injuring
oats and other crops at Norfolk and it is reported that they are
rather abundant on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. ,.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 25): A very destructive and widespread out-
break of the true ariayworm is occurring in several Delta counties.
First complaints were received on April 15. Most of the injury was
done to oats, but larvae were also found in alfalfa. Some of the heav-
iest da;iage is in Le Floro 3nd Sunflower Counties, although very ser-
ious injury was reported from various localities in Bolivar, Coahoma,
Quitman, Tallahatchie, Washington, Sharkey, Humphreys, and I.ssaquena
Counties. Some alfalfa is 1.in.- destroyed by mixed infdt.tations of
armywori and v.riegatod cutworm. Only a small percentage was parasitized.

Louisiana.. R. C. Gaines (April 20): Arrmyworms were observed'and reported
in M-.J ison anr.d .st Carroll Parishes. This appears to be a rather
serious outbreak. The insect was originally reported on April 15 in
Tonsas Ptrish and wa:; found in ever. oat field visited. Stripping was
in rapid progress throughout an entire field of 400 or 500 acres.
(Dot. by C. Hoinrich.) (April 19-2Q0): Infestations of true ar-,.,jorms
wore observed and *ropcorted on oats in Tcnsas, Madison, anrd East Carroll
Parishes. The darx:,;e appe-.rs to be most serious in Tensas, P-.arish.
Sone fields are being stripped now, and others apparently have enough
worms to cause complete stripping. Very little strippning has been re-
ported in. Madison Parish but there and in East Carroll Parish worms
can be found in many fields. The infestations appear to be light.
The worms in Madison Parish'and in ERst Carroll Parish, generally speak-
ing, appear to be smaller and less adv -.cod than those in'Tesas,
where ..:.ry of the wormr.s in some fields are about ready to pupate.
Lycophotia rargaritosa saucia Kbn. was taken in association with the
arm.yworm.

Missouri. L. Hasenan (April): During the first week in April armyworm
nmths wre extremely burj.nt throughout central Missouri, visiting
fruit blossoms. Following the severe freeze of April 8 and 9, moth
flights continued but moths w c!re leos .bundant hero. Following the
freeze in northwestern Missouri moths were reported as being extremely
abund'm.t. To date, no evidence of larvae has been reported.





Arkansas. D. Isely (April 19): There was an outbreak on oats in some of
the east-central counties where the insect was most destructive last
year. All oat fields scouted in Arkansas County wore infested.






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California. A. E. Michelbacher (April 20): In the Patterson area the
armyworm was abundant in alfalfa fields the first part of April.

WHEAT 7HITE GRUB (Phyllophaga lanceolate Say)

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 23): These grubs cLUSCd a tremendous loss
to the wheat crop in the southern .and central parts of the State.

Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (April 22): P. lanceolata is cousin: very little
injury at present.

HESSIAN FLY (Phytop:-a destructor Say)

Pennsylvania. C. C. Hill and E. J. Udine (April 21): Light infestations
prevail in fall wheat throughout most. of the State, except in -the East
where heavily infested fields were found in Bucks County. Ex.!minrition
of puparia from Cumberland County, made today, showed about 6-percent
mortality, 14-percent pupation, 12 percent emer--d. On this date- a
few scattered cFi in whoatfields showed the beginning of the ovi-
position period.

Indiana. C. Benton (April 25): Examination m&de in a heavily infested
field of wheat near Delphi on April 13,showed 88-percent pupation,
with 1 percent of the flies emerged. No eggs or larvae were found on
that date. On April 23, 90 percent of.the puparia were empty, the
flies having emerged. An egg count in wheat showed 92 percent of culms
infested, with an average of 18 unhatched eggs cper culm; a larval count
showed 84 percent of culms infested, with an average of 10 small larvae
per culm.

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 14): Adults were reported flying at Man-
hattan on April 14. They were observed by R. H. Painter.

J. R. Horton (April 16): The hessian fly.has demonstrated very
good ability to withstand unseasonably low temperature in the pupal
stage. On April 7 to 9 a population, of which 35 to 50 percent were
in the pupal stage, was subjected to ground-surface tempenratures of
30 F. for 40 hours and 280 for 10 hours more. The extent of mortality
resulting has not been determined, but as late as April 16 it shows no
striking increase above normal.

CHITICH BUG (Blissus leucopiterus Say)

Indiana. C. Benton (April 25): Migration from winter ouartors was slow
and gradual during April, many bugs still remaining in clumps of bunch
grass. Ex:aminmtion on April 14 of 5 winter wheatfields, totaling 182
acres, and one ryefield of 27 acros showed only 2 bugs, both concealed
in pieces of cornstalk. These fields situated near bunch-grass areas
are known to be rather heavily infested. Casual observations made in
winter wheat since Airil 12 show light infestation, evidently due to
minor flights. April weather has been cool, with frequent rains, but
even on several days of bright osunshine, with. air temperatures in the
901s, examination in infested clump grasses showed exposed chinch bugs









still with the tendency to hide, characteristic of the bugs
earlier in the season.
The first noticeable flight of the bugs and the first mating in the
field was observed on April 25, with the air temperature at 72Q

Illinois. W. P. Flint (April 20): Chinch bugs apparently came through the
winter with a very low mortality. There has been some flight during
the last few days, but not all of the bugs are out of winter quarters.
Missouri. L. Haseman (April 25): Chinch bugs wore observed on the wing on
warm days throughout centralMissouri during the last 10 days.

GREEN BUG (Toxoptera graminum Rend.)

Oklahoma. C. F. Stiles (April 30): Green bugs are dana.inj w:heat in parts
of Harmon emand Greor Counties.

Texas. F. L. Thonas (April): Report of damage to .-hc!t by the green bug
in Hale County on March 26; also in Floyd County on April 5.

CORN

CORN AR WORM (Heliothis obsoleta F.)

I.iw Jersey. F. F. Dicke (April): The survival of pupae in cages in the
later part of March was soriewhat higher than in 1937 (26.5 percent, as
compared to 20.5 percent). In a field examination 13.3 percent of the
pupae recovered were living. Above-normal precipitation late in the
summer and early in the fall resulted in considerable mortality. Win-
ter temperatures at Morristown were about normal. The indications are
that early maturing sweet corn in the Burlington section in New Jersey
will be somewhat less infested than in 1937.

Virginia. F. F. Dicko (April): The survival of pupae in late March in
cages established in mid-Septeibcr, was slightly higher than in simi-
lar cac..-s in 1937 (29.5 percent, as compared to 24.5 percent). In
field examinations the survival was found to be someswh-t lower than in
1937 (27.3 percent, as compared to 37.0 percent). The heavy rainfall
late in the summer and early in the fall of 1937 caused considerable
mortality of pupae in the field. The moisture content of the soil was
high throughout the fall and winter, a condition unfavorable for
successful hibernation. Temperaturcs wore above normal from December
to March. With normal temperatures and precipitation in May and June,
it is believed that the ear worm will probably be somewhat less abun-
dant in northern Virginia than in 1937.

Georgia. T. L. Bisscll (April): Crged female moths are laying c,~s in
large numbers at Experiment. The first v.'ore obtained the night of
April 26.

Ohio. F. F. Dicke (April): The pupal survival in cages the last week of
March was 10.5 percent, as compared to 9 percent in 1937, when moth
emergence in cages was first recorded at Marietta. The temperatures







- 99 -


at Marietta were somewhat lower during the winter of 1937-38 than during
that of 1936-37; however, they were above normal. Precipitation was
below normal between October and March. With normal temperatures ana
precipitation in May and June, indications arc that the insect will be
troublesome in early tomatoes and early maturing cweet corn in the Mar-
ietta section.

Georgia. T. L. Bissoll (April 18): One male, the first specimen of the
season, came to a light trap on April 17 at Experiment, in the central
part of the State.

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): Complaints are beginning to come in
of the depredations of the corn ear worm working as a budworm in all
parts of the State.

Kansas. J. R. Horton (April 16): For the first time the corn ear worn
succeeded in passing the winter in soil cages operated for 4 success-
ive years. It wintered over in the pupal stage, 6 percent of 200
worms surviving on April 2. The condition of soil and the depth of
pupation are about as usual. The winter was mild, except in December
when tho.official temperature dropped 1.00 below normal; in January
and February it was 4.5 above normal.

Utah. H. E. Dorst (April 23): Winter survival of pupae from overwintering
cages examined on April 21 shows a 17-percent survival, as compared to
65 percent from cases examined the first part of March. No survival
was observed in 1937.

EUROPEANT CORNB BORER (pyrausta nubilalis Hbn.)

Now Jersey. J. B. Schmitt (April 12): Surveys indicate that less than
5 percent of the overwintering larvae were destroyed by winter condi-
tions. Pupation is now in progress. The first pupae were found in
South Jorsey on April 12.

C. A. Clark (April 23): Spring pupation of the European corn
borer is about 2 weeks earlier than usual, owing to very warm weather
and suffiiont rainfall. Counts indicated from 15- to 25-percent
pupation in Burlington and Monmouth Counties by April 22.

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): A large percentage
of the overwintering larvae in an out-door cage at the Virginia Truck
Experiment Station have pupated and the moths have been emerging for
several days.

ALgULA

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica Gyll.)

Utah. C. J. Sorenson (April 22): Moderately abundant in alfalfa in Cache
County.

California. A. E. Iichelbacher (April 20): There was only one field in







- 100 -


the San Joaquin Valley injured by the alfalfa weevil and this would
not be classed as economic damage. The average number of larvae
collected ner 100 swoops of an insect not in this field exceed 3,000.
The highest larval populations in other fields wore seldom more than
500 and in many fields the count did not exceed 100 per 100 sweeps of
a net. The hi-host average larval count per 100 sweeps was 89 at
Pleasnnton on April 17, and on the same day in the San Francisco Bay
area larval counts in fields not cut were from 49 to 476 per.100
sweeps. Parasitization of large larvae by Bathyplectos in different
fields in San Joaquin Valley on April 8 ranged from -14 to 76-percent.
At Pleasanton 96 percent of the largo larvae were parasitized on
April 6. In the San Francisco .Bay area parasitization ranged from
87 to 91 percent.

PEA APHID (Illinoia -pisi Kltb.)

Now Jersey. J. B. Schmitt (March): This aphid was found reproducing on
alfalfa the la1t week in M.-rch and is still reproducing.

Delaware. L. A. Stearns (April 23): Because of the unusually early season,
pc-L aphids are appearing in considecrable abundance in Sixessex County.

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Many alfalfa fields
are rather heavily infested. Although they are not nearly as abmun-
dant as last year, these aphids are present in many of the pea fields.
Indications arc that most of the garden peas in Norfolk and Princess
SAnne Counties will esc.io serious injury. However, a few of the pea
fields on the Eastern Shore of Virginia are becoming rather heavily
infested and at least two of the larger canners have started control
operations.

Louisiana. C. 0. Eddy (April): Those insects appea-r in small numbers in
southern Louisiana but are ab'i.1.:.>r.t in the northern part of the State.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): The aphid is abundant on alfalfa at
Princeton and H'.'-.'rson in western Kentucky.

Wisconsin. J. E. Dudley, Jr. (April 19): The first anphid,; .'an adult stem-
mother, was found near MI-7.ison on April 4. This aijlid must havo hatch-
ed the first of April or before. Alfalfa w?. looked over twice weekly
since the midclc of March but esgs .vcre very scarce last fall.
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 25): Some pea aphids arc present in theP
State but are not causing damge.

Utah. G. F. Knoowlton (April 3): First-, second-, and third-instar aphids
and eg::s were found in a gravelly, west-sloping alfalfa field at Mill
Crook, in Salt Lake County. (April 21): A mature stem-mother, and
first- to fourth- instar nymphs of the second generation, some with
well-developed- wing pads, were found on alfalfa and sweetclo*Vcr at
Willara, Ogdcen, and near Prove. (April 25): A few winged and mature
sccond-:oncration apterous pea aphids are now present on alfalfa, In the
Payson-Benjar.in area of Utah County these insects arc particularly
abundant for this c..rly in the season.






- 101 -


C. J. Sorcnson (April 22): Pea aphids are very -bbundant in alfalfa
fields at Moab.

Washing-ton. R. D. Eichmann (April 2): Populations nearly stationary
duri..7 the last month on hay-meadaw alfalfa in the southeastern part
of the State. Very few are found on erosion-control alfalfa on higher
ground.

Oregon. M. M. Roehor and L. P. Rockwood (April 19): The long w=rm fall
of 1937 in the Willamotte Valley, following sufficient precipitation
to germinate self-sown and early fall-sown annual legumes, and a mild,
exceptionally wet winter were favorable to the winter survival of
viviparous forms. A wet, cold March delayed the spring build-up of
aphids until the first week of April. Since then a rapid increase :is
noted in several fields of vetch and Austrian winter field peas seeded
in September and early in October.. Fields seeded after October 25 at a
distance from earlier seeded annual legumes or from volunteer are free
from infestation., but sone migration into these fields is expected soon.
The only natural enemies present in appreciable numbers arc the two
species of fun-i Entomophthora aphidis and Empusa planchoniana, espec-
ially the former.

California. E. 0. Essig (April): Theo pea aphid, has been very b.-:nt..'nt in
the alfalfa fields of central and southern California since April 1. It
is especially numerous in the Antelope Valley near Lanca.ster.

COWPEA APHID (Aphis mcdicaginis Koch)

Arizona. C. D, Lebert (April 21): An extremely heavy infest:2tion of the
alfalfa or comwpoa aphid was observed in a 30-acre field of alfalfa
northwest of Phoenix. The alfalfa stems were bent over from the weight
of these pests.

CLOVMR

CLOVZi LEAF 7EEVIL (Hypera punctata 2.)

Maryland. E. N. Cory (April 19): This pest was reported from Ellicott
City attacking clover.

Kentuc-ky. W. A. Price (April 27): This weevil did some damage to clover
and alfalfa in the western part of the State.

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 13): The clover leaf weevil has been reported
as infesting alfalfa fields at Frcd.'nia.

Idaho. R. W. Haegele (April 19): This 7Ecv-il is much more abundant in
the southwestern part of the State than usual and in numerous areas is
damaging the early growth of alfalfa. Other outbreaks have been obser-
ved in springs following mild winters.

F. H. Shirck (April 15): Larvae are feeding in crowns of alfalfa
plants at Parma, in southwestern Idaho, thus preventin,- new growth.







- 102 -


Iiio is accentuated by the recent, cool weather, which has held alfalfa
from making normal growth. '

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 16): Adults were observed at Hooper.

C. J. Sorenson (April 22): Larvae were moderately abundant at
Hyde Park and Smithfield, Cache County. Two overwintering adults also
wore seen here.

Washington. E. J. Newcomer (April): A county agent reported that this
post was seriously damaging several alfalfa fields in Yakima County.

CLOVER :.:ITE (Bryobia praetiosa Koch)

Penns:clvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (April 19): This mite is very abundant on
clover in the eastern part of the State.

VETCH

VETCH BRUCID (Bruchus brachialis Fahraeus)

North Carolina. J. S. Pincmkney (April 19): T]he vetch weevil is now
beginning to ene org:e from hibernation quarters in central North Caro-
lina. A few adults that energcld were swept from vetch on April 18.

GC-: CLOVL0R 7C..i (Plt.thypena scabra F.)

Georgia. T. L. Bissell (A-ril 14): Beginning March 19, frequent examina-
tions of vetch at Experimient, in central Geor.giao have yielde, .small
nurberf of c. 's, and. on that date one snail caterpillar was found. On
Ap-ril l4 it mn-tured to a moth. Moths were cor.imon at light traps and
around buildin.gs from December to March, inclusive.

STi'.VBZLPY RTITTWORI'v (Cnoplhasie. longana Haw.)

Oregon. D. C. Mote (April 27): First- and second-in-star larvae have been
abuncedant on vetch and clover at :Io.int Angel, Marion County, in north-
western Oregon, since the first of the month.

SUGAaRC-AE

SUGARCA3E IORSR (Diiatraoa saccharalis F.)

Louisiana. B. A. Osterberger (April 20)1 In Saint John the Baptist, As-
cension, and Est Baton Rouge Parishes the efrly spring weather was very
favorable for the early borer emer-gence, with indications of a very
early first generation. The first-generation -larval sta;e wr reduced
by frost an. low teniq0rftures accompanied by vind c'nd rain. in Aplril.
'.. ;s are being collected but to date no Tric' ogr-tnr a have boon taken.






- 103 -


FRUIT INSECTS


CALIFOITIA TENT CATERPILLAR (Milacosoma californica Pack.)

California. F. H. Vynore (April 19): Heavy infestation noticed of
the California tent caterpillar and a few colonies of M. disstria
Hbn. on prune and cherry trees in the orchards of the Asti Colony,
between Clovordale and Geyserville. From 12 to 15 colonies of
caterpillars were seen on many of the trees. Not a great deal of
d.ama.ge was apparent at that time, but most of the caterpillars
were in the second instar, so if nothing is done to prevent
feeding, a gre-t deal of da-iano will result.

LEF CRUIPLER (Mineola indigenclla Zell.)

Texas. F. L. Thomas (April 6): M.. indigenolla was found at El Campo
in Wharton County, on April U, on plum trees.

TARISiMD PLATT BUG (Lygus pratensis L.)

New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. :Tc.'s Letter (April): Tarnished
plant bugs numerous in Rockland County on April 13. In Ulster
County on April 25, they were numerous on opening buds.

Pennsylvania. H. E. Hiodgkiss (April 19): Adults are more abundant
on apple, cherry, and peach buds than for several years.

SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.)

Kentucky. W7. A. Price (April 27): San Jose scale is very abundant
on peach trees in orchards in western Kentucky.

South Carolina. L. 0. Cartwright (April 2F): Injury is being com-
plained of by peach growers in the south-central section.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (4pril 25): L. J. Goodyime, of Aberdeen, and
N. D. Poets, of Brookhaven, report heavy infestations oh un-
sprayed fruit trees in their districts.

Arizona. C. D. Lebert (April 21): A heavy infestation was found in a
large rose garden in the Phoenix area.

Washington. E. J. Newcomer (April 5): M,A.Yothers examined 2,000 over-
wintering scales on apple trees and 1,500 on pear trees. At Yaki-
ma there were 95 percent and 93 percent alive on the two fruits,
respectively. This is the result of a very mild winterr, the mini-
mum temperature having booeen 17 F.

SCUPJY SCALE (Chjonaspis furfura Fitch)

Connecticut. E. P. Felt (April 23): The scurfy bark louse was ex:treme-
ly abundant on an apple tree at Stamford.






- lO4 -


APPLE
CODLING MOTH (Carocpsa pomonella L.)

New York. D. W. Hamilton (April 26): Approximately 50 percent of the
larvae overwintering in paper bands at Poughkoepsie have pupated,
whereas only a few 'of those found while scraping trees at-Kinder-
hook have pupated. Last year, pupae were noted first on May 11,
and moths wore first captured in bait traps on May 24.

Delaware. E. A. Stearhs (April 23): Between 50 and 75 percent of over-
wintering larvae pupated on this d.te. Apples in full bloom.

Georgia. C. H. Alden (April 20): First moth caught at Cornelia on- April
11; eight caught on April l1. No egg deposition to date.

South Carolina. L. 0. Cartwright (April 29): The emergence of spring
adults is above average at Clemson. The peak of adult-emergence
was April l14.

Indiana. L. F. Stoiner (April 25): Moth emergence beanr in the insect-
ary at Vincennes on April 24, and the first moths were taken from
bait traps on April 25. Development is 2 weeks earlier than normal.
Hatching' is expected to start about May 5. Pupation under rough
bark had reached only 33 percent by April-23.

Illinois. W. P. Flint (April 20): Survival very high. Pupation is
general in the southern part of the State. 1To adults have been ob-
served to date.

Michigan. R. Hutson (April 25): Larvae came through the winter in good
condition, and are abundant in fruit-growing districts.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): Moth em-r'cnce began at Paducah on
April 15, and by April 19 about 73 percent of the larvae had pupated.
At Loxington, flight br-a> on April 25.

M1issouri. L. Hasoman (April 22): P'p-ttion has been under way since the
middle of the month, with 15 percent of the larvae in the pupal
stage in our breeding sticks in southwestern Missouri. At Columbia
some of the brecdi-.-cage material is showi:L:: nearly 30 percent pu-
pation, but examination at Columbia on April 22 showed the over-
wintering ''r.-i on the tree trunks still in the larval stage.

H. Baker (April 20): The first pupae were observed in the
field on April 5; at present about one-third of the hibernating
larvae have pupated.

Kansas. H. P. Bryson (April 23): Codling moth is reported to be more
abundant in northeastern Iansas than for several years.

Washington. H. A. Others (April 5): Winter mortality at Yakima has
beeoon negligible owing to mild temperatures.







- 105 -


EASTERN TEi7T CATERPILLAR (Malacosona americana F.)

New Hampshirc. J. G. Conklin (April 13): Tent caterpillars bean hatch-
ing in Durham on April 13. They appear to be fully as abundant
throughout the southern half of the State as they were last year.

Vermont. H. L. Bailey (April 20): Eggs have hatched and tents are form-
ing in lar:c neunbcrs throughout the southern half of the State.

MLas.acl-uetts and Connecticut. J. V. Schaffner, Jr. (April 15): Hatch-
ing in MLassachusetts was noted as general in the northwestern part
of Middlesex County on April 14, while in the southern part of
Worcester County and in several localities in Connecticut, the new-
ly forced tents were from 2 to 3 inches in diameter on that date.

Connecticut. H. P. ZnppC Aprill 23): Woebr are present but much less
abundant t.hanL last year.

Now York. 1'. Y. State Coll. A-r. News Letter (April): ATple-tree tent
caterpillars were observed hatchin',- on wild cherry on April 1 at
Ithaca.

R. E. Horsey (Arril 17); Caterpillars 1/9 inch long were found
on A.4ril 16. The-- wore in nests from ]-- to 2 inches in diameter on
ornamental and native wild crab apples. They were very numerous in
native woods on wild black cherry (Prunus serotina) and common choke-
cherry (P. virginiaia) near Irondequoit Bay, east of Rochester on
April 17. About every wild cherry tree or shrub h'.o from 4 to 20
nests. Other reports indicate a heavy infestation in the Rochester
district.

New Jersey. G. J. Hacussler (iHarch 29): BgC masses were observed hatch-
in: at Moorestown on March 29.

E. Kostal (April 22): Very few nests have been noted in the
vicinity of .1ornanvillc, Lonmouth County.

Delaware. L. A. Stearns (April 20): The infestation is -general and
more severe in southern Delaware than usual.

Maryland. E. H. Siegler (April 22): The eastern tent caterpillar is
not abu;i:_.'t at rcltsvillc and vicinity.

H. C. Donohoc (April 22): Tent caterpillar nests are abundant
in uncultivated shrub and forest land in the vicinities of Salisbury
and Princess Anne.

Virginia. H. G. 7all-cr and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Tent caterpillars
have been rather abundant in the :.orfolk area during April. They
have been especially snr t on wild cherry and *r, defoliated
mn.ny of these trees, notably in the Ocean View section of Norfolk.







- lo6 -


North Carolina. J. F. Cooper (April 20): The tent caterpillar was noted
as quite abundant on April 13 in Alexander and Iredell Counties.
Colonies were noted on native trees, apple, and poach.

W. A. Thomas (April 20): This insect has completed its larval
development and has already pupated at Chrdbourn. The tents were
more nzumerous this season than last.

South Carolina. W. C. Nettles and F. Sherman (April 29): Apple-tree
tent caterpillar is more noticeable than usual.

Tennessee. L. 3. Scott (April 1): Small webs were very abundant in
'.ont-omery County on :arch 27.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 23): J. P. Kislanko reported on April 1
that almost every wild cherry and plu;i tree in the Wigins district
had a web of i.1 americana. A heavy infestation was reported in an
orchard and nursery at Lumberton, L-.inr County.

Pennsylvania. H. E. Hod7kiss (April 19): Tejnt caterpillars have been
hatching7 and webs are already formeci.

Ohio. T. H. Parks (April 22): Tent caterpillars are now becoming con-
non on wild cherry and other trees in eastern Ohio counties. Hatch-
ing began at Cleveland on March 23. The infestation in onstern
Ohio has been increa.sing during the last 3 years.

EYI-SPOTTED BUDfMOTH (Spilonota ocellana D. & S.)

New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (April): The bud-moth was
entering the buds rapidly in the lake fruit district the latter
half of the month. It was also active in the lower Hudson River
Valley.

FRUIT TFZ LEAF ROL1BB (Cacoccia argyrospil. Walk.)

New York. N. Y. State Coll. Apr. Inevs Letter (April): A few fruit
tree loaf rollers wore observed in the H-dson River Valley, also
in Orleans and 1myroe Counties about April 20.

Pennsylvania,. H. E. Hod:kiss (April 19): Caterpillars are hatching-
;.nl entering partly opened bud clusters.

PRD-BADED LE.A ROL= ('rgyrotaonia volutinana Talk.)

New York. N. Y. State A4r. 1:-;t. Sta. Staff (April 22): The adults are
active in the apple orchards at Ithaca. This insect is present in
larne numbers in some sections.

FRUIT APHIDS (Aphiidae)

Yew Hampshire. J. G. Conklin (April 12):' Apple aphids began hatching in
Durham on April 12 on trees that had been under observation daily.







- 107 -


Connecticut. M. P. Zappo (April 23): Green aphids (Aphis poni Dce-.)
and rosy aphids (Anuraphis rosous Bak.) hatched rather abundantly
in nrinny orchards in U.ew Haven and Fairfield Counties. Very scarce
in these orchards at present. Have had temperatures as low as
10 F. since the aphids hatched.

New York. N. Y. State Agr. Expt. Sta. Staff (April 22): The three
apple aphids,A. poni, A. roseus, and Rhopalosiphun prunifoliae
Fitch, have bcen hatching at Ithaca during the warner periods since
the first of April. They arc not very abundant.

N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (April): The green and
grain aphids were observed hatching the last week in March and the
first week in April in the lower Hudson River Valley and also
along the lake. A few specimens of these species, together with
the rosy aphid, were observed at Ithaca on Marc` 31. The rosy
aphid, although later, was being observed generally by the middle
of tho nonth.

Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (April 19): Late-hatching aphids, -ostly
the rosy apple aphid, were killed in considerable nunbcrs by. freez-
in-- temperatures. The earlier individuals were plentiful enough to
cause considerable da:a-reo to apples.

Indiana. L. F. Stciner (April 25): The rosy aphid is as abundant in
southwestern Indiana as ever before observed, according to. n1uncros-.
growers. Serious injury is anticipated.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27.): Rosy aphid is very abundant on ap-
ple trees at Lexington, Paducah, Henderson, and Princeton.

Michigan. R. Hutson (April 25): Aphids are fairly connon on apple
trees throughout the fruit-growing district. In most places it is
the bud ap hid (R. prunifoliae). Only one infestation of rosy apple
aphid has been reported, and that from Three Rivers.

Missouri. L. Hasc-iar, (April 25): At Columbia little or no evidence has
been seen as yet of the rosy aphid. Some growers in cast-central
and southwestern Missouri arc reporting aphids.

Tashin ton. E. J. Newcomer (April): The -rccn arple aphid secns to be
nore numerous than usual in Yo:i a County.

FLATIEADED APPLE TREE BOPER (Chrysobothris fonorata Oliv.)

Nebraska. M. H. Swcnk (April l1): Reportc of danage to fruit and shade
trees have been received from Lancaster, Butler, York, :errick, 7all
and Buffalo Counties.

Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (April 22): c-',-rts of danmae have. been re-
ceived from Stewart and O1-lrtov-' City.







- 108 -


TERIPS iThysanoptera)

Pcnnsylvani.. H. E. Hodgkiss (April 19), Thrips adults are very abund-
ant on apple buds in sone orchards.

PEACH

ORIEITTAL FRUIT IOTH (Grapholitha molesta Busck)

Delaware. L. A. Steamrns (April 23): Between 8O and 90 percent of the
overwintering' larvae have pupated on this date. Peaches are approach-
ing the shuck, stage.\

South Carolina. O'. L. Cartwright (April 2$): Infestation is moderate
to hcav:, in peoach orch-rds in the south-central section. The pest
is earlier than usual in its activities.

Georgia. C. H. Alden (April l1): Fruit noth caught on April l1 at Cor-
nelia. No eog laying or twig injury has been noted to date in this
section.

0,. Snnpp (April 22): Apractically naturod larva was found
in a peach drop on pril 9 at Fort Valley. 'The first pc-ch 'twig
injury w'r:s noticed on April 13. The larvwo in these twigs wore
fro: one-fourth to one-third grovmwn. The infestation is light.

:.ichi.'--n. R. -Hutson (April 25): The oriental fruit moth had approxi-
r;.tely pupatod 50 poirccnt on March 25 at St. Joseph, "and on April
11 fro- 30 to 50 percent at South Haven..

PEAC:': BO_2R (Conopia exitiosa Say)

Illinois. 0. I. Snapp (April 13): "During the ea-ininatiori, of 'peach trees
at Carboondale, southern Illinois, 53 p-ach'borers wore re-ovcd
front one large 10-ycar-old pcr. c" tree. This is believed to be a re-
cord for the r.xicr of borers in one tree.

PLUH CURCULIO (Conotrachelus ncie'-Iar Est.)

Delaware. L. A. Stearns (April 20): The first curculio of the season
was collected by jarring in Sussex County on April 6, about 2 weeks
earlier than usual. They are appearing in about normal nunbcrs.

Virginia. A. H. W1oodside (April 20): Plun curculio beetles are present
in very large numbers in th'e Crozet peach orchards. More than 330
beetles were jarred front 20 trees in the Zirklc orchard on April
13. This is the heaviest concentration I have observed.

Georgia. C. H. Alden (April 20): Peak c inergonce from hibernating quar-
ters occurred on arch 24 at Cornelia, when 130 wore caught by jar-
ring 20 largro poach trees.






- 109 -


0. I. Snapp (April 22): One nearly full-grown lirv-i. was ob-
served in a green poach a# Fort Valley, central Georgia, on April
8." Full-grown larvae wore recovered from peach drops in trays on
April 13, which is 3 weeks earlier than last year, and the peak of
larval emergence from peach drops occurred on April 19. Conditions
in peach orchards were favorable for the matured larvae to enter
the soil. Keavy rains beat peach drops into the soil and made the
soil wet for a considerable depth. This facilitated the entrance
of larvae into the soil and the construction of their soil ceils.
The infestation is now considered lighter than that of an avcr7L.-e
year, which is largely attributed to the light infestation last
year and the lighter than usual carry-over of adult beetles. It
is probable that at least the Elberta peaches in Georgia will be
subjected to a second brood of the curculio this year. The peakc of
the Hiley drop occurred on April 15, and the peak of the Elberta
drop on April 20. The drop was unusually heavy this yepar; but the
curculio infestation in the drop was light.

Mississippi. H. C. Peets (April 25): Zamage in sone peach orchards in
Lincoln County recently reported.

Tennessee. L. B. Scott (April 26): The infestation appears to 'be about
normal in north-central Tennessee. Da:aed peaches are very common.

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): On April 17 eg7 deposition on c-herries
was reported from Cadiz, and specimens were jarred from plun trees
at Hendoerson on April 18. Egg punctures were observed at Lexington
on April 25.

BLACK PEACH APHID (Anuraphis persicao-niger Smith)

Virginia. W. J. Schoene (April 20): The black peach aphid has been re-
ported over a wide area.

South Carolina. W. C. Nettles and F. Sherman (April 28): Black: peacch
aphid has been much complained of in commercial peach orchards in
the western part of the State.

LEA2:OPP:?.S (Cicadcllidae)

Virginia. A. H. Woodside (April 20): Loafhoppers are very numerous on
peach trees at Crozet and Tinberville. The most common specie is
Erythroncura obliqua(Say),but there are a few specimens of E. hartii
(Gill) and E. lawsoniana 3ak. E. lawvsoniana is fairly comon on apple,
together with a few individuals of the other two species.

PEAR

PEAR PSYLLA (Psyllia pyricola Focrst.)

Now Hampshire. J. G. Cor/lin (April 21): On April 20 a few adults were
seen in one of the University orchards at Du'rh-amin. On this date the
temperature rose to 850 by 2 p.m. The next day very heavy egg de-
position was noted in the orchard.







- 110 -


New York. IT. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (April): The first nymphs
wore observed on April 19 and 20, in the lower Hudson River Valley.
In western Now York eggs are quite numerous but no hatching has been
reported.

PEAR TERIPS (Tacniothrips inconsequons Uzel)

Oreg6n. D. C. Mote (April): Adults began emnorgin in small numbers the
week of March 7 in the vicinity of Corvallis and Saleon.

RASPBERRY

'RASPBERRY MRUITO7OR1 (Byturus unicolor Say)

Ncw York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (April): The American
r-.si 'borry beetle was observed in Oran:e and Ulster Counties on April
20.

RASPBERY ROOT BORER (Be:bocia marginata Harr.)

Washington. W. W. Baker (April 19): B`. narginata began to break hiber-
nation in the Puyallup Valley between April 7 and 11. A small per-
ccnta-:ec of the larvae were still in the hibornacula on April 19.

ROSE SCALE (Aulacaspis rose Bouche)

Ohio. E. W. c'icr.chall (April): The rose scale is quite bad on some of
the raspberry plantations in Knox County.

S-::OWY TRE CRICInT (Oecanthus nivous Dog.)

Ohio. E. W. I.endonhall (April): The snowy tree cricket is abundant on
raspberry plantations, especially in grass and wooeeds along fence
rows.

BLAC1^ZRRY

SOFT SCALE (Coccus hesperidun L.)

Arizona. C. D. Lebert (April 21): A rather hevy infestation of soft-
brown scale was found on Boysenberry and M1ackberry plants in the
Phoenix-*osa area.

GRAPE

G?,APE IA2O2FER (E5ryt:.roneura comes Say)

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 12): Grape lorfhl-.oppers, E. comes ziczac
Walsh, wore active during the warn part of the day, near piles of
Virginia creeper leaves at Logan. Overwinter survival seems to have
been rather largo.






- ll -


P5 CA1T

FECA- LEAF CASE3ARE.-. (Acrobasis ju.-lndis Lc:, )

Georgia. G. F. Moznctte (April 1-17):, This insect has caused severe
d-rca::e to the new growth on pecan trees south of Altxir.y, in orchards
where control measures were not carried out last season. In some
orchards the damage to the new growth is so severe that production
of nuts will be curtailed.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 21): T,.'o rather heavy infestations on
pecan trees were reported from Harrison County on April 21. Speci-
hens wore received from De Soto County on April 20, with light in-
jury reported.

'HICKOr.Y S:TJCK WO7:- (Laspeyresia caryana Fitch)

Georgia. G. F. Hoznette (April 1-17); Moths of the spring brood con-
tinued to eocr: o during April front pupae in the 1937 shucks, the
peak of the energence takin:g place the latter part of ".rch. On
April 16 the last moth was recorded as emerging from pupae in the
1936 shucks. Some larvae pass through two winters before trans-
forming. Ei's were first found on PhylD::er.' galls on seodlinr7
pecan trees on April 10 and larvae were found within the calls on
April 16. Up to April 17 no eggs were found on the foliate or
pistillate flowers on budded pecan trees in orchards in the vicinity
of Albany.

A.SA7-TLY (Periclista sp.)

Alabama. J. M. Robinson (April 16): Sa-..flies were attac:in-: percan trees
at Sanson, Geneva County, in southeastern Alaban:>. on April 16. This
is probably P. hicoriac Rohw., judging by the files of the Insect
Pest Survey.

GITRUJS

CITRUS 7:ITEFLY (Dialeurodes citri Ash..)

Alabana. J. M. Robinson (I>.rch ;): The citrus whitefly was reported
as attacking gardenia foliag- ar, stc-,. at ::urtsboro on March 1.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 25): N. L. Dougl:ass, of Grenda, andd 1. D.
Poets, of 3rookhaven, have recently reported heavy infestations on
Cape-jasmine in their districts.

Texas. F. L. Tho-in.s (April 20): Wniteflios, presumn.bly D. citri, wcre
reported by J. N. Roney as ab'uri-.ant on satsu:ia at Port Arthur, in
Jefferson County, and at r--::lcton, in 'raroria County. They have
also been attackiing privet and Carpe-jaz.-i.o in .r-r,:oria and Galvcs-
ton Counties, respectively.









- 112 -


CITRUS MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus.-.citri Risso)

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): Some complaints of the citrus, neoly-
bug are beginning to cone in.

A CITRUS ROOT WEEVIL (Pachnaeus sp.)

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): A complaint has been received of the
work of the citrus' root weevil in Dade County.

CITRUS RUST MITE (Eriophyes oleivorus Ashn.)

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): Rust mites are very abundant and
destructive, as the weather has been very warn and dry for the last
month.

SIX-SPOTTED LITE (Tetranychus sexomaculatus Riloy)

Florida. J. R. 'atson (April'23): The six-spotted mito was very connon
and injurious to citrus trees in the latter part of March and the
first half of April, but the infestation is rapidly subsiding. A
species of Scymnus was found feeding on it.

FIG

2DITEAuVU, FIG SCALE (Lepidosaphes ficus Sig-n.)

California. C. K. Fisher (April l1): The first hatch of eggs was ob-
served today. Last year the first:hatch bc.an about April.23., There
has *been a steady increase and a steady sprc-d of this insect to new
localities ever since it was first noticed in this community.

LASTOPHIAGA (Blastophaga psencs L.)

California. Pcrez Sinnons (April 10): A few females had reierced front
galls in nar-ce caprifi,-s examined today at Frcsno, but none were
seen flying.







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TRUCK-CROP INSECTS


VEGETALE M 7EEVIL (Listroderes obliquus Xlug)

Alnbam'a. J. M. Robinson (April 23): The vegetable weevil has been very
abundant in the southern part of the State, the heavily infested
area extending three-fourths of the way north on the west side, fror
I'Tove-br to the present time, the larvae causing considerable dmaze.
The places reporting the greatest destruction were Ozark, Plonaton,
Dadeville, and Fayette. Larvae were particularly aburhinnt in some
kgrdens around Auburn during the winter.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 25): Vegetable weevils have been unusually
abundant in the southern half of Mississippi during April and a few
com-,laints have beeoon received from the central an-' northern sections
of the State. YT. D. Poets, at 3roold-'ve"., has reported that this
species is causing nore injury to vegetables in southwestern Missis-
sippi than in previous years. Severe injury to turnips in his dis-
trict is reported by J. Milton, of Jackson. 1. Gladney reported one
field of turnips in Harrison County practically rtir-ed, and moderate
dL::a.-:e to turnips was observed by D. T7. Grimes, of Durant.

Louisiana. P. K. Harrison (April 16): Larvae are still doing some injury
to mustard at Baton Rouge.

Texas. F. L. Thoas (Mlarch 10): The vegetable weevil was reported today
from Jacksonville, in Cherokee County, attacking spinach, cab':go
and radishes. This is the first record of occurrence in that section.
This is an area where tomatoes are grown extensively on a commor-
cial scale.

California. J. Wilcox and 1,. W. Stone (March 25): Severe damage by the
larvae was done to carrots an.d cab>.Tg in a small g-arden earlier
this nonth. On this date only one larva was found, but adults were
numerous. April 19: Severe da-a.-e by larvae to potatoes at Costa
: O 0sa

SPOTTED CUCLT.E, 3EETLE (Diabrotica duodeciirpunctata F.)

Virginia. Z. G. Walker and L. D. Andcrson (April 26): The twelve-
spotted cucumber beetle, which is relatively ca.rcc, '-.s becn ob-
served fecdinu- on alfalfa and spinach on warmn days all winter long
at Norfolk. They have also been observe! in bean ,nl potato fields,
whore they have not been abundant enough to cause appreciable d.2ian-e.

South Carolina. W. C. Nettles (April 23): The spotted cucumber be,'tle
has done noticeable dano--e to the foliage of young peach trees in
Ed.efield County.

.Mississippi. C. Lyle (April): Adults and lhrve- eht in'.fron-Forret:
County, with the statement of heavy injury to watermelon plants.
Injury to corn by larvae was reported from Saucier, H:rrison County,








i14 -


on April 1; larvae wore sent from Utica, Hlinds County, on April 5,
collected from tomato plants, severe injury being caused to toma-
toes following vetch; and J. Milton observed that the beetles were
abundant on turnips in Simpson County on April 19.

Louisiana. C. E. Smith (April 20): Young adults became abundant on
various crops and flowering plants in the vicinity of Baton Rougo
from April 15 to 17, the first one having been observed on April 1.
ITNo fresh larval dana-e noted since about April 10.

Texas. F. L. Thomas (April 20): Has beeoon more injurious than usual in
the destruction of early corn planted on March 29, especially in
river-botton areas.

STRIPED CUUJCJER BEETLE (Diabrotica vittata F.)

South Carolina. C. 0. Bare (April 19): Striped cucumber beetle was
present near Cha.rleston, feeding, mating, and congregating in num-
bers, there being aprlroximately from S to 15 beneath each hill of
squash, cucumbers, and Cucurbita ppo. Many of the plants were
killed and others seriously d.a:ne-od.

--ESTER" SPOTTED CTJ:2Er. :3ETLE (Diabrotica sorer Lee.)

Oregon. D. C. Mote (April): On February 10 adults were noted fccdin.-
at Corvallis.

FLEA BEETLES (Halticinae)

M1ississippi. C. Lyle (April 12): Flea beetles ,.Altica sp., were re-
ported doing severe d:n-A;e to strawberry plants at ,.cAda:-s, in
Attala County, on April 12, the infestation bcing, spotted over the
field. Moderato-to-heavy infestations of flea booeetles were found
on turnips in the vicinity of Durant, but no specimens were sent
with the report.

Colorado. G. 1I.. List (April): The flea beetle (Systena taeniata Say)
has arlpeared in Fort Collins :.-rdens during the last few days.

IABRICATED SNOUT BEETLE (Epicacrus imbricatus Say)

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 5): Adults were reported as very abundant
on turnips and beans at Lucedale, in George County. Adults were
received from a correspondent on April 5 from Brooklyn, Forrest
County, with the statement that they were numerous on garden plants.

G=U2rOUSE n"ITZFLY (Trialourodes vaporariorun 7estw.)

Virginia. '7. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Whiteflies have
been rather .bundant on tomatoes in a greenhouse near Nbrfolk. A.
small hynenopterous wasp, Encarsia formosa 4ahan, as determined by






115 -


A. S. Gdahan, has parasitized 95 percent of the nytnphs and has just
about cleaned up this infestation.

:`OLE CRICKET (Gryllidae)

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 25): Correspondents at Madison and Crys-
tal Sprin-;s have recently written that strawberries wcre severely
injured by crickets. le specimens were sent. A correspondent at
Gautier, Jackson County, sent specimens of S. aclotus on April l1,
with the report that tunnels were very noticeable.

Texas. J. N. Roncy (MIarch): Winged forms of Gryllotalpa hexadactyla
Perty and Scaptoriscus acletus R. & H. were found in Mlarch on
tomatoes, eggplant, strawberries, cabbage, turnips, and rutabaas
in Galveston County. .

POTATO AND TOMATO

COLORADO POTATO DEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say)

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Colorado potato
beetles arc very ab.indant in the Norfolk area and on the Eastern
Shore of Virginia. The e as are very abundant but no larvae have
been observed.

North Carolina. W. A. Thomas (April 20): Adults have been very abundi-nt
on potatoes around Chadbourn since the last weeok in March. -cavy
oviposition began the second week in April and the larvaeo arc becom-
ing numerous.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 22): This insect was reported by L. J.
Goodgame in MIonroe and Chickasaw Counties on April 22, as plentiful
in tomato plant beds; in garrison County on April 21 by H. Gladney
as heavily abundant, two infestations being on tomatoes; in south-
western 1'ississippi by N. D. Poets as abundant on Irish potatoes;
in Jackson by J. Milton as causing light-to-nedium d.parc to Irish
potatoes; and in the Durant district by D. W. Grimes as having
been observed at different points but doing little damage.

Louisiann. 3, A. Ostcrborzcr (April l1): The Colorado potato beetle
has been seriously injuring Irish potatoes and, in a few instances,
to-i.toos, in East Baton Rouge Parish.

Washington. E. W. Jones (April 19): Adults were abundant in the soil
of last year's potato fields as determined by soil siftings at
Walla Walla in March and April.

POTATO FLEA DEETLE (Epitrix cucuneris :arr.)

Virginia. I. G. Walker and L. D. Ahndcrson (April): Potato flea ',cctles
are cmergir." from hibernation and have beer. feeding on potatoes at
Only.

LIBRARY
T TE PLANT BOARD










''WESTELRi POTATO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix subcrinata Lec.)

Oregon. D. C. Mote (April 16): These flea beetles were observed in
Columbia County on April 16. ......

POTATO LEAF HOPPER (Empoasca fabae Harr.)

Virginia. F. W. Poos (April 25): This species has been taken at a trap
light on the nights of April 19 and Q0, which is 16 days earlier
than any previous record obtained at Arlington during the last seve-
.ral years. The development of'the foliage of certain tree hosts of
this species compared favorably with what it usually is early in
May, when the In1set normally appears.

POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli Sulc.)

C'klahomu-. E. Hixson (April 15): I am sending specimens which were col-
lected from tomatoes growing in th'e greenhouse at Stillwater."(Det.
by P. W. Oman.)

BEAr.S

MEXICAX BEANI BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis. Muls.)

Virginia. L. W. Brannon (April 15): The first adult of the season was
found feeding on snap beans in a field noar Norfolk onApril 11.
Only 1 beetle was found on 40 rows 200 feet long, so the beetle
was, no doubt, one of the first to emerge. The first field omer-
gence was 9 days earlier than 'ever recorded at this location. The
season in general appears to be about 2 weeks earlier than normal.

Georgia. T. L. Bissell (April 29): At Expcrimenot the first beetles of
the season wore seen today but obviously.had fed for 2 or 3 days.
One mass of eggs was found. The first bcetlcs,scon. in former years
appeared on May 1, 1929; :.ay 11, 1934; April 22, 1935; May 5, 1936;
and-i',l 4, 1937.

Colorado. R. L. Wallis (April 20): Ex.ami.nation of hibernating beetles
at Grand Junction on April l1 showed 39 percent wrl tr mortality.
Nornal winzr bortality- ix appraxilately. from 60 to 70 perceht. izi
thim locality at this season of the year.

BEANI LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata Forst.)

Virginia. L. W. Brannon (April l1): The first bean leaf booeetles of the
season were observed fcoding in the field at Norfolk on young snap
beans on April 15. This is 3 weeks earlier than this insect was
first observed in the field in 1937.

H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Bean leaf beetles'
arc present but have not done much feeding in any of the early bean
fields examined in Norfolk or Princess Anne Counties or on the


- 116 -








- 117 -


Eastern Shore of Virginia.

South Carolina. W. C. nettles s (April 2)': The spring injury appears
to be loss than the average for recent years.

Georgia. T. L. Bisscll (April 2g): At Experiment beetles wore severe-
ly puncturing bean lcavos, as usual in the spring.

LEGUME POD MOTH (Etiella zinckenella Troit.)

California. R. Cecil (April 20): Adults from overwintered larvae be-
gan emerging on February 24 at Ventura. First-brood lTrvae were
collected on April 19 in pods of the wild host plant, Lupinus
succulentus. The first brood occurs on wild host plants, of which
L. succulentus is the most important.

CABBAGE

I-.ORTED CABBAGE W7CR M (Pieris rapac L.)

New York. N. Y. State Coll. Agr. News Letter (April 25): Cabbae-c
butterflies wore first observed in Rockland County by W. J. Clark
this week.

Mississippi. N. D. Poets (April 25):' Considerable injury to cabbage in
the trucking section of Copiah County has boon observed.

Louisiana. P. K. Harrison (April 16): Severe injury hIas been done to
mustard in experimental plots at Baton Rouge.

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 15): An adult was observed in flight at
Trenton, in Cache County today.

CA3BAGE LOOPER (Autographa brassicae Riley)

Louisiana. P. K. Harrison (April 16): Slight injury has been caused in
experimental plots of mustard at Baton Rouge.

Texas. J. N. Roney (:iarch): Reported throughout Inrch on cabbage, sweet
peas, and Irish potatoes.

CABA3E I1AGGOT (Hylomyia brassicae Bouche)

New York. N. Y. State Coll. Ap-r. News Letter (April 25): Cabbage m:c-ot
eg-:s wore first observed this week in ITacsa-. County and flies were
beginning to emerge in Rockland County.

ELIRL3QUIN BUG (Murgantia histrionic H )-.-)

North Carolina. W. A. Thomas (April 14): This insect continues to come
into fields of crucifers near Chadbourn in great numbers. Some of







- 11S -


the plants have boon killed, while others are badly discolored and
the foliage wilted.

Georgia. C. H. Alden (April 20): A large number of adults have been
found in gardens at Cornelia. They are more numerous than last year.

Tennessee. L. B. Scott (April 26): M'aiy adults-wore noted on April 20,
feeding on mustard in Montgomery County.

,ississippi. C. Lyle (April): At Magco, Simpson County, J. Milton re-
ported noticeable damage to turnips on April 19; in Grenada a
heavy infestation in a garden was observed by N. L. Douglass; and
at Lexington damage was done to turnips.

Louisiana. C. 0. Eddy (April): The harlequin cabbage bug has been active.

CABBAGE APHID (Brovicoryno brassicae L.)

Virginia. H. G. walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Cabbage aphids
have been very abundant in some fields of cabbage, seed kale, and
seed collards in the Norfolk area.

Mississippi. IN. D. Poets (April 21): Heavy infestations of aphids on
cabbagc were found recently at Broolkhaven.

Tennessee. I. B. Scott (April 19): Practically all cabbage in Mont-
gomery County is at least moderately infested with cabbage aphids.

ASPARAGUS
ASPARAGUS BETLE (Crioccris aspargi L.)
J. apra ngi L.

Virginia. H. G. 7ralker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Adults and eggs
arc rather abundant in a field of asparagus in iorthainpton County.

South Carolina. W. C. Vcittles (April 23): The asparagus beetle is more
noticeable than usual.

UtIah. G. F. Knowlton (April 27): Adults were brought from Roy, Weber
County, in northern Utah, by a farmer who reported that he noticed
the insect in 1937 for the first time. This is my first knowledge
of its occurrence in the State.

Wafh.inrton. E. 7. Jones and M. C. Lane (April 19): The asparagus beetle
was found in asparagus fields around Walla 7alla on April 13 and is
now connon.

California. R. E. Campbell (April 13): Avnr- i-as beetles arc causing
considerable da'-,f-c in Los AViclos County by fccdinrg and laying
os on asparagus shoots.








- 119 -


ONIONS

ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci Lind.)

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Onion thrips Ire
very scarce on onions in the field, but they are rather abundant in
a greenhouse near Norfolk.

North Carolina. 7. A. Thomas (April 21): This insect has just recently
become very abundant on a small area of white Bcr-uda onions. The
foliage is showing signs of serious injury. This is an annual
pest in the Chadbourn area, which nakes it almost impossible to pro-
ducc a marketable crop.

SINACH

APHIDS (Aphi i daoe)

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): The spinach aphid
(Myzus persicac Sulz.) continued to be rather a':u"''.-nt in some fields
of spinach around Norfolk during the early part of April, and a fcv
fields were rather heavily infestedl until they were harvested about
April 21. However, most of the later spinach, harvested after April
10, was relatively free from aphids.

H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): A few pink and
green potato aphids (Illinoia solanifolii Asm-r..) began a.rpearing in
a spinach field near Portsmouth about April 15 and continued to in-
crease in numbers until the crop was harvested on April 21 and 22.

SPIiNAH LEAF :IVE. (Pcgomyia hyoscyan-i Panz.)

California. E. E. Cmanpbcll (April 15): A loaf minor (probably the
spinach loeaf minor) is seriously d ma'7-irn; Swiss chard and beginning
on spinach at the Los lngeles County Farm near Downey.

*LETTUCE

APHIDS (Aphiidac)

Arizona. C. D. Lebert (April 21): Aphids (several species) are abu:.d-
ant on lettuce all over Salt PRiver Valley and nearly all the let-
tuce growers are dusting.

STEA7BJ1Y

ST?7AT3ER.Y ". .IL (Anthonomus signatus Say)

Delaware. L. A. Stearns (April 20): Very abu".ia-ut and general injury
is reported to strawberry plantings in southern Del-1i-e.rc








- 120 -


Virginia. L. D. Anderson and H. G. Walker (April 26): The strawberry
weevil does not appear to be as abundant as usual in some of the
strawberry fields in Accomac County. However, one field examined
on April 15 had about 25 percent of the buds cut and the weevils
were quite active.

North Carolina. 7. A. Thomas (April 21): The pea of injury to straw-
berries around Chadbourn was passed during the first week of April,
when blackberry buds became available for food and oviposition.
No emergence of the new generation developing in the fields has
beeo observed,

STRXB-I-_Y LEAF ROLLER (Ancylis comnptana Froel.)

New Jersey. H. W. Allen (April 20): Adults are beginning to emerge
around 1'oorestown.

SPITTLE BUGS (Cercopidae)

Louisiana. C. 0. Eddy (April): The spittle bug, or froghopper, has
dama-a.ed strawberry plants in the eastern parishes.

Orcron. D C.Mote (April): 'o nymphs of Phila.cnus loucophthalmus L.
had hatched on MLarch 21 but were observed hatching on March 29 at
Corvallis. They wore observed as first-,second-,and thlird-
instar nynphs d,"_-agin- strawberry.

CC.:.':' RED SPIDE. L (Totranychus tclarius L.)

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Andcrson (April 26): Red spiders are
reported is bei-:.- rather aburndant in a few strawberry fields on the
Eastern Shore of Virginia and in :Thrfolk and Princess Anne Counties,
where they have caused considerable injury.

North Carolina. W. A. ThIomas (April 15): The red spider has been a
major pest of stravberrics in the Chadbourn area this season. The
injury first became noticeable in March, following the unusual dry
weather of February and early March. The attack has increased in
intensity, de-pite the heavy rains late in .March and early in April.
The injury is general over most of the fields and many plants have
lost most of their foliage and are unable to mature the sr.all un-
markctable fruit. Unless conditions i.rovc it will not be poss-
ible to carry some of the fields of bearing plants through the
summer.

STEETPOTATO

SVEETPOTATO 7'E.L (Cylas fornicarius F.)

Louisiana. C. 0. Eddy (April): The sweetpotato weevil is laying eggs
on early plants in the field.







- 121 -


SUGAR BEETS

BEET LEAF-C'DFFER (Eutettix tenellus Bak.)

Utah. H. E. Dorst (April 23): Population of the booeet leafhopper in
most desert breeding areas of northern Utah is appro::i-:-.ntc.ly on.c-
fifth higher than last year. Winter survival has been high, but
the fall population of 1937 was reduced because of poor host plant
condition. Some survival has been observed in the agricultural
area. First-instar nymphs were first observed on April 22, as
compared to May 4 in 1937 and April 20 in 1936.

TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix parvula F.)

South Carolina. W. C. Nettles and F. Sherman (April 2S): The tobacco
flea beetle has been doing noticeable danarso to newly set plants
in the field.

Tennessee. L. B. Scott (April 26): The tobacco flea beetle continues
to damage plants in tobacco plant beds in ::ontgonmery County, many
beds having been da,:, red seriously. The infestation is much more
severe than in 1937.
TOLLTO T70F! (Protoparce sexta Johan.)

Florida. A. H. Iladden (April 5): An adult female was taken in a moth
trap near Quincy on :.arch 29. This is the earliest record of the
seasonal occurrence of hornworm ever obtained at the Quincy field
station; however, no additional specimens have been obtained.
(April 16): A few eggs were taken on tobacco growing in the field
on April l4 and were brought into the insectary, where they hatched
the following day, indicating that they had been deposited several
days prior to the time they were discovered. This is the earliest
known seasonal record of egg deposition ever obtained here.

TOBACCO _U:T,'R,.: (Eeliothis virescens F.)

Florida. F. S. Chamberlin (April 1): Larvae arc very abundant on
newly sot plants in Gadsden County.

G.LFuDE:: FLEA HOPPER (Halticus citri Ash-i.)

Florida. F. S. Chaiborlin (April 13): The garden flea hopper is more
abundant than usual in fields of young tobacco in Gadsden County.

I/MOLE CRICIKETS (Gryllidae)

Connecticut. A. 7. Miorrill, Jr. (April 22): On April 22 characteristic
"runs" were noted in a plant bed established this year on new
land that had been sterilized. No specimens have as yet booeen






- 122 -


captured. The description of the insect by the growers, together
with the numerous runs, seems to indicate that the infestation is
of mole crickets, which have not hitherto been found in seedbeds
here. Last year the first commercial attack was recorded by A. I.
Bourne in lassachusetts on potatoes. (See I. P. S. Bull. Vol. 17,
p. 450. ovenbor 1, 1937.)

Kentucky. W7. A. Price (April 27): A eopecies of pigmy mole cricket was
received from Wooton with the statement that it was abundant in
tobacco beds.

A '2 FLY (Tipulidao)

Kentucky. W. A. Price (April 27): Crane fly larvae are very abundant.
iiany of thcr are found in tobacco beds, where they are reported to
have caused some .ac.


COTTON INSECTS


BOLL 7SVIL (Anthonomus grandis Boh.)

South Carolina. F. F. Bondy (April 18): The first two weevils of the
season were observed in Florence County in a field ner-r a barn whore
cotton seed had been stored. (April 23):. Not as much weevil acti-
vity as expected in'hibernation cages. First half bf month was cold
and cotton is a week or 10 days late. (April 30): First weevils
caught on flight screen on April 25 and. collccted"on cotton on the'
26th.

Georgia. P. f.. Gilmer (April 2): Considerable -mK.vcncnt of hibernated
weevils to fields reported by farmers. (April 23): Insect activity
has been rather light because of the unfavorable weather conditions.
A rather high survival of weevils is indicated by activity in hiber-
nation cazcs, (April 30):, Weevils arc becoming abunant and in
some fields over 600 per acre have been found.

Florida. C. S. Rude (April 30): Only 2 few weevils have been found on
cotton in the vicinity of Gaincsville, and a few have been reported
from Madison County. .

Mississippi. E. W. Dunnamd (April 23): At Stoneville no weevils have
beeoon observed this year. None was reported on this date in 1936
or 1937, "out one was seen on April 19, 1935.

Louisiana. R. C. Gaines (April 30): No field examinations have been
made at Tallulah but more weevils are beinr caught on flight screens
than in April 1936 or 1937, and a high survival is indicated.

Texas. F. L. Thomas (April 22): Theo usual extensive survival in the
lower Rio Grande Valley did not occur this spring, because of the








- 123 -


fall clean-up of cotton fields. Severe early da-ine is therefore
not anticipated, despite the fact that the winter has bceon mild
and some weevils have already been found on cotton in the field.
Survival to date in central Texas is 0.7 percent, about normal for
this month.

F. L. Thomas (April 29): Boll weevil.1 emergence has been a
little morc than 2 percent and is less than -vcra-e in central
Texas. Normally, half of the weevils that survive the winter have
moved to the fields in search of cotton before May 1. This year's
figures indicate that the emergence will be below normal.

R. W. Moreland (April 3C); Weevils h&va been fairly active
in cages at College Station since the rains of April 25 and 26, but
none has been observed in the field.

X. P. Ewing, Port Lavaca. (April 9): Observqtions during the
first week of April showed continued weevil activity in stubble
cotton and punctured squares wore becoming numerous.

COTTO: FLEA HOPPER (Psallus seriatus Rout.)

Louisiana. K. C. Gaines (April 30): At Tallulah flea hoppers have
been taken in sweeping evening primrose, but they are not as
abundant as at this time last year.

Texas. F. L. Thomas (April 22): In central Texas the emergence of flea
hoppers the latter part of March was, with two exceptions, the
highest since 1920. During the first 2 weeks in April it was
higher than in 1935, a flea hopper year, indicating that early
cotton would have boeen,.subjcct to dr-a;'o had it not been destr.ycd.
Present indications arc that flea hopper damage in central Texas
nay be reduced because of the lateness of the cotton crop. In
northern Texas damage is not expected to be so severe as in 1937,
as records show flea hoppers to have been only half as numerous in
the fall of 1937 as in 1936. Such records constitute a good index
of the numbers that will be present the following spring.

F. L. Thomas (April 29): During the last 2 weeks cotton flea
hoppers' appear to have been delayed in hatchin,-. With two excep-
tions the hatch since April 15 has been the lo-rest.for 12 years.
Ordinarily g3 percent of the hatch occurs between M'arch 15 -nd
Mlay 1. This yc--r the nuaibcrs hatched during the 6-wock period
have been about three-fourths of normal. Late-hatched flea hoppers
usually find their preferred weed-host plants in a desirable stage
of growth, so that the curtonary early spring dispersal or miira-
tion becomes unnecessary and fewer of the insects reach the cotton
fields. Both adults and young have been found in Dallas County,
and hatching has begun in weeds collected from four counties and
caged.








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K. P. Ewing (April 23): At Port Lavaca emergence from the
overwintering eogs in hibernation cages has been very low, only
about one-eighth as groat as in the previous 4 years. The move-
ment to the fields, as indicated by the catch on flight screens,
has been about three times as great as during the sare period in
the last three years. The heavy.migration to the fields, despite
low omncr.-- nce, was probably due to the very warm and favorable
weather until April 6, that was ideal for the maturity bf the
nyphs hatching In'Fehrmary and March. (April 30): Heavy emer-
,-ence from hibernation cages since the rains on April 25. The
peak of emergence is much later this year than ever before re-
corded,in southern Texas. ,

Arizona. W. A. Stevenson (April 16): The first nymphs of cotton flea
hoppers were found on snail croton plants near Rillito, in Pima
County. Plants were not numerous but hoppers were found on practi-
cally every one..

TIMIPS (Thysanop tora)

Louisiana. C. 0. Eddy (April): The flower thrips has been reported to
be unusually a-bundant. No thrips djaeo on cotton as yet.

Tex:as. F. L. Thomas (Aril 22); Thrips nu:-.cr'-,us in most cotton fields
of the lower Rio Gri.nde Valley, where dry weather has occurred.
Sufficient dor-a.'c to delay development of plants has resulted in
some fields.

K. P. Ewing (April 23): Report received from C. D. Dickey
that onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) are causing great damage
to cotton in the dry-land farming section of the lower Rio Grande
Valley, particularly near Raymondvillc. A largo acreae of onions
was .7ro.-nI and the thrips transferred from the mature onions to cotton.

BOLLC'C..! (Heliothis obsoleta 7.)

Texas. R. W7. loroland (April 2): At College Station no eggs have been
found to date on plants other than alfalfa. (April 9): The first
oegs were found on corn during the week. (April 16): Several
moths energed in hiler--.ation cages during the week. (April 30):
E_.-s at the rate of 4 per 100 plants wore found on corn on April 25,
the first .egJs found on corn since the rains on April 9 and 10.
EIcrence from hibernation cages averaged 22.5 percent, the highest
emergence ever recorded at this date.

K. P. Ewing (April 23): At Port Lavaca numerous bluebonnet
plants were examined for eggs during the week, with negative results.








- 125 -


PI::. BOLLW70P1? (Poctinoh-)r-r gossypiolla Saund. )

Texas. L. 7. Noble (April 23): Practically all cotton is up to a good
stand in the Big Bond area and shows no ill effects of the cold
wave on the gth and 9th. At Presidio pink bollworm moth emer-
gence in hibernation cnges continues to be exceptionally heavy, as
compared to that in other years.

COTTOILT LEAF WOiM (Alabama argillacoa Hbn.)

Texas. K. P. Ewing (::ay 2): One leaf worm about one-third 7romr_ was
found in stubble cotton in Calhoun County. This is the earliest
observation 6f-first appearance since 1922. In 1936 the first ap-
pjearance was on Hay 5, whereas in 1937 the leaf worm was not
found until M't-- 27.


FOREST AND SHADE-TREE INSECTS


CATK5.Vr7O2J1S (Ge ometri d e)

New York. N. Y. State Agr. Expt. Sta. Staff (April 22): Spring canker-
worm (Palcacrita vcrnata Peck) quite abundant on elms in certain
nursery plantings in western "ew York. Eg" laying is complete.

Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (April 19): Cnrikerwvorm. adults and eggs
abundant throughout the State.

Arkansas. D. Iscly (April 19): SprinT cankerworms are in a number of
orchards in northwestern Arkansas, the first time in 20 yeas that
occurrence in commercial orchards has becn rccordcd. It is probably
due to the fact that there has been a let-up in orchard. I ra-ing.

I Tebraska. M. H. Swenk (April 18): Inquiries as to preventive control
of spring cankerworm were received the latter part of March from
Douglas, Hamilton, and other counties,

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 25): C..nker':orms arc abundant ip limited
localities. The- were reported as attac:ir.n, elms in rav-nes near
Ma.nhattan, and as a'un.diant near Paola.

Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (April 22): Cankervorms have caused ,i74 cspread.
dacmate to fruit trees in the State.

FOF2ST TENT CATPI.PILLAR (Malacosoma disstria Hbn.)

Vermont. H. L. Bailey (April 21): EgZs have hatched and young larvae
were movi-i.- on 4.ril 20 and 21 at Sjringfiol( and 7oodstock, rindsor
County, in southeastern Vermont, and at Hiddiebury, Addison County,
in western Verr.iont.








- 126 -


South Carolina. C. C. Nettles (April 26): Forest tent caterpillar is
present in extra largo numbers in the lower part of the State.
Evidently so;-e check on the abundance of the insect is not opera-
tin-, as there was a bad outbreak last year and a more serious one
this year. It is necessary to keep the windows of houses down to
prevent the insect from coming in, from 15 to 20 caterpillars having
often bocn found in 1 room. A letter from the county agent at
oalterboro states that the outbreak in that county is the worst
ever hard of; that last year they took the major part of the honey
crop by' defoliating black gun and tupelo trees; and that this year
in the northeast corner of the* county, near Cottagcvillo., several
species of oak, even blackjack, hi-nve been attacked and defoliated*--
100 percent. Other trees attacked are black gum tupelo' gun, sweet
gun, cherry,and peach. (April 29): Defoliation of forest trees
by forest tent caterpillar is conspicuous in various localities
in the eastern part of the State.

Mississippi. C. Lylo (April 21): J, P. Kislanko sent specimecns on
April 1, reporti:L7 thoren as abundant on 'oak trees at Hattiosburg and
southward; on April 21 H. Gladcncy reported them on oak at Pass
Christian r.nd Gulfport; and a corrs.-sondont at Lumberton, Lanar
County, reported then as abundant in his orchard and nursery during.
the last few weeks, as well as on- near-by forest trees. ...

FALL 7E2;7CF? (Hyphantria cunea Drury)

Louisiana. 3. A. Ostcr,cr,-cr (April 15): Injury is very noticeable
on willow trees in a swa:-py section of Ascension Parish.

SATI7 :!'CTH (Stilpnotia salicis L.)

7ashir.-t-n. R. L. Furniss (April): On April 1 a few larvae were found
leaving their hibernacula at South BeJling'hpn and Sclro Wolley, in
Skagit County. On April 16 :early all larvae were still present in
their hibcrnacula at Port An-el s, Cl-llam County, and a high
mortality of.overwintcring- larvae was noted in Cowlitz County.

Oregon. R. L. Furniss (April 22): A high 'ortality of overwintering
larvae was noted in 7'ashir.gton, Polk, and :..r-ion Counties.'

CYT7-7S S

A SA.7FLY (Susana cu Dressi & Midd.)

California. R. E. Campbell (April 29): During the past veook numerous
complaints of damanac to cprcess trees or hedges in Alhanbra, in
southern California, have boon received. Similar comlaints-have
been received about this ti-me of year for several years. (Dot. by
7. E. "Tilviabus.)








- 127 -


ELM

ELMT LEAF BEETLE (Galerucella xanthomolaena Schr.)

Now Jersey. T. L. Guyton (March 27): Elm leaf 'beetle adults wore nuncr-
ous in a building at Bound Brook.

ELML SCJRFY SCALE (Chionaspis americana Johns.)

Maryland. E. P. Felt (April 23): Elm scurfy scale was reported as
abundant on a nixnber of elms at Cambridge.

FIR

A TUSSOCK MIOTH (Halisidota argentata Pack.)

7vashin':ton and Oregon. R. L. hirniss (April 22): This insect is rather
abunxdant this year in Oregon and 7a.-in'r-ton. It has boon noted
locally on Douglas fir and Sitka spruce in Skagit and Pierce Count-
ies in Washington, and in Yanhill, 1jashington, Benton, and Lane
Counties in Oregon. Feeding was first noted on February 26, in
Lane County.

LAP.C
LARCH CASEBE.J'.R (Coleoophora laricella Tn.)

New York. R. E. Horsey (April 15): At Rochester larch casebearer was
observed on April 12, moving onto leaves and feeding on Dahurian
larch, which leaves out a little earlier than other species. It
was found feoedin- on Siberian, European, and Japanese larches on
April 13. ITt until April 15 was it found feeding, on A-erican
larch. Although these larches are sprayed annually, the insects
are numerous, especially on Japanese larch.

MtJLBERP.Y

EJ0:.FEA: PEAC:: SCALE (Locanium porsicae F.)

Arizona. 0. D. Labert (Arril 21): An extremely heavy infestation of
pneach scale was found on nulbctry in tho Phoenix area. Several
large limbs of a tree were killed back and all small limbs an
twigs were heavily infested.

OAK

GOUTY OAK GALL (Andricus punctatus Bass.)

Liassachusetts, 'Tc-v York, and Pennsylvania. .. P. Felt (April 23):
Gouty oak g.all is reported as abundant in Peppcrell, ipss., south-
ern Westchcstcr County, 1. Y., and in the Phil cliPhia area, of
Pennsylvania.








- 128 -


OAK LSCA.TIUM! (Locaniun quercifox Fitch)

South Carolina. '7. C. Ncttlos (April 2S): Locaniun (soft scale) is
noticeable on oaks.

Alabama. J. M. Robinson (April 23): The oak lecanium has been active
in Auburn and central Alaba-ia.
PINE

PI:7Z TUBE ':OT: (Argy-rotaenia pinatubana Kearf.)

New York and Now Jersey. E. P. Felt (April 23): The pine tubc moth was
found to be locally abundant at Moorcs Mill, Dutchess County, N. "Y., and
at Enrlewood, N. J.

EU.OPA'4T PI: SHOOT iLOT:: (ByTcionia billiana, Schiff.)

LIichi-an. Ray Hutson (April 25): The Eurrpean pine shoot moth has been
reported from Detroit, in southeastern 1Iichigan, and from Grand
apids and Kalanazoo, in southwestern LEichian.

SA7,LIES (Neodiprion spp..)

Massachusetts. J. V. Schaffner, Jr. (April 14): In the fall.of 1937
there was a heavy cc: deposit by an unidentified species of
cNodiprion in. rod pine plnntat ions arid in at least one natural
stand in Middlesex County. In one heavily infdstod plantation at
Groton, 47 infested tips of side branches contained 2,'149 e. s, or
an average of 45.7 e pe's per ti;p.

Michigan. R. Hutson (April 25): European pine sawfly (N. banksiasae
Rohw.) has been reported as just hatching i' Detroit.

SCJT:T.LU' PINIE 3:ETLE (Dendcroctonus frontalis Zim-i.)

Alabama. J. 2.. R.obison (April): The pine bark beetle was reported as
killing, some large pine trees at the Untiversity of Alabaua.

PITCI: EATING 7EE IL (Pchylo'ius picivorus Germ.*)

Florida. J. R. Uatson (April 23): Numboors of this pitch eatin booeetle
were sent in from Ar!,ylo, where they were reported as being very
abundant.

PAL2S =7EVIL (Hylobius pales bt.)

Alabana. J. *.2. Robinson (April 14): Pales weevil was reported attack-
ing spruco pines at 'Wodowee on April 14.








- 129 -


PINE BARK APHID (Pincus strobi Htg.)

New York. 3. P. Felt (April 23): Pine bark aphids (Cherries pinicorticis
Fitch) wore extremely abundant on white pines at MIoores Mill, in
southeastern eow York.

A SCALE INSECT (Matsucoccus sp.)

Connecticut. T. J. Parr (Arril 22): Practically no winter mortality
of the eg.,s on pitch pine in Connecticut, and the indications are
that there will be nearly 100 percent hatch.

PRI CKLY-ASII

FHICFLY-AST BEETLE (Trirhabda brevicollis Lec.)

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 1): On April 1 a correspondent at Gulf-
port, in Marrison County, sent larvae to this office, reporting
that they were defoliating prickly-ash.

POPLAR

POPLAR VAGABOND APHID (Mordwilkoja varabunda W7-.lh)

Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (April l1): Specimens of 2alls caused by the
vagabond cottonwood gall aphid were sent in from Siou;x and Box
Butte Counties on A-ril 9 and 12, respectively.

REDBUD

REDBUD APIID (Aphis pawneepao Hottcs)

Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 23): Redbud aphids were found at Manhattan,
attacking the underside of the branches of 3-year-old redbud trees.
This is the first reaT)pearance for 2 or 3 years.

SPRU CE

SP-.UCO IEDLE IIT=3. (Taniva albolineana Kearf.)

Michigan. R. Yutson (April 25): The spruce tortrix (Argyrop!oce
abietana Fern.) is active about Lansing.

STJi.AC

SUMAC FLEA BEETTLE (Blepharida rhois Forst.)

Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (April 22): The su-iac 'oetle has been reported
from Oklahonria City, Sand Springs, and Stillwater. Beetles are
appearing in large nunbors and arc cUsing serious injury to sumac.







- 130 -


TULIPTrEE

TULIPTREE SCALE (Tounoyella liriodendri Grkel.)

Delaware. E. P. Felt (April 23): Tuliptrees at Wilmington are infected
tyetha,.eiptree scale. The scale-eating caterpillar Lactilia
coccidivora Const. was evidently abundant.

WILLOW

BEETLES (Colooptoera)

Missouri. L. ": ,scnrnn (April 25): Throughout central Missouri, during
the second and third w.ccl:s in April, we had a very heavy flight
of the spotted and striped poplar and willow beetles, and many
poplar and willow trees are showing severe effects of their feed-
ing. A similar condition prevailed a year ago.


INSECTS AFFECTING GREENHOUSE

AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

ANI APIID (Myzus ornatus Laing)

California. E. 0. Essig (April): The ornate aphid occurs in abundance
on many wild and ornamental plants at Berkeley and' specimens have
also been discovered in Los Anjclcs County. This species was first
discovered in California by the writer in 1936.

HAIRY CHINCH BUG (Blissus hirtus Montd.)

Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (April 19): Adults of the hairy chinch
bug are coning out of hibernation in the Philadelphia area.

IIEALYBUGS (Pseudococcus spp.)

Maryland. E. N. Cory (April 19): rc alybWus were observed on house
plants, particularly gardenias, at 3altimiore on April 19.

Oklahoma. F. A. Fcnton (April 22):. The lons-tailed mealybug (P.
adonidum L.) was reported on house plants at Lookeba.

OYSTERSIHELL SCALE (Lopidosaphos ulmi L.)

Connecticut. E. P. Felt (April 23): Oystershell scale is locally
abund'i nt in southwestern Connecticut.

New York. R. E. Horsey (April 12): Oystershell scale was found on
Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) at Rochester. One shrub in an
ornamontal planting was badly infested, with scattered scale on
several others.







- 131 -


E. P. Foll (April 23): Oyotoraholl sclIo ias numerous on
apple trees at 7oodstock.

Utah. G. F. Knowlton (April 16): Willows at Cove and Logan are heavily
incrusted with oystershell scale.

CALIFOR.IA RED SCALE (Chrysonphalus aurantii Hask.)

Arizona. C. D. Lebert (April 21): California red scale was found in
several small infestations on recheck work this month. The host
plants were oleander, privet, and rose.

GrOU:U''D-PELI (lIar-.rodes spp.)

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): A species of Marrarodes was sent in
from Deland, where it was stated to 'be severely injuring 1n..... of
cenctipede grass.

CO!07',; RED SPIDEE (Tetranychus tolarius L.)

Arizona. C. D. Lebert (April 21): Red spider has been observed in
many heavy infestations on Italian cypress in the Phoenix area.

ARBORV I TAE

JtBORTITAE APHID (Lachnus thujafilina DelGuer.)

Arizona. C. D. Lobert (April 21): The arborvitae aphid has been ob-
served in several ornamental plantings.

BOXWOOD

BOXWOOD LEAF MIME (L.onarthropalpus buxi Lnboulb.)

New York. E. P. Felt (April 23): Box leaf mid&e is somewhat abu inr't
locally at Westbury, Long Island.

CEDAR

DEODMIR WTEEVIL (Pissodes nc-orcr.n.is Germ.)

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 12): Injury to Cedras deodara was re-
ported froan Cary, in Sharkey County, on April 12.

C:EYSAi7T: W.rjM

C:YSQTTE!..: AF::ID (Macrosiphoniella sanborni Gill.)

Arizona. C. D. Lobert (April 21): The chr's-nthcnun ijhid has been
observed in heavy infestations in the Salt River Valley.








- 132 -


GARDETIA

T'MITE FLIES (Aleyrodidae)

Virginia. H. G. Walker and L. D. Anderson (April 26): Whiteflies h.-ve"
boon reported as quite injurious to a number of plantin-sc of -ar-
denias in Norfolk.

GLADIOLUS

GLADIOLUS TIIPS (Taeniothrips simplex Morison)

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): Provin.- very destructive in many
Gladiolus fields. One largo planting in Dade County was reported
to be an entire loss.

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April 5): Specimens on gladiolus vwere received
from a correspondent at Gulfport, in Harrison County, on April 5.

HOLLY

HOLLY LEAF 1I:.Ia. (Phyto:.iyza ilicicola Loew)

2Iaryland. E. N. Cory (:arch 23): The holly leaf ninor was reported on
holly at .A.napolis.

IRIS

POTATO APHID (Illinoia solanifolii Aslhn.)

Maryl%.nd. E. T. Cory (7p.rch 31): 4Macrosiphum gei was reported on itis
at Snow Hill.

: AG::OL :A

A COLEOFTERCJS LEAF 1 ,:INER (Prionomcrus caloeatus Say)

.ississippi. C. Lyle (April 4): A correspondent at Saucier, in Harrison
County, sent specimens to this office on April 4, reporting that
hundreds of them were present and fooeeding on new leaves of na -nolia.

NARCISSUS

A NOCTUID (Xrnthopastis timais Crmaier)

Mississippi. C. Lyle (April): Larvae were received at this office on
April 14 and 21 from correspondents at Puckctt, in Rankin County,
with the report that they were abundant on jonquils. Others were
sent by another correspondent on April 19 without statinK from
what host they were tak-cn.










- 133 -


TAS TUPT IUJM

SEJJEIITIr:E LWAF II''-7 (A,:ro..a pusilla Lecit.)

Florida. J. 2. Watson (April 23): Several complaints L'.-' been ro-
ceivcd of the work of serpentine leaf miners on nasturtiunms.

CLEAi.DE?.

POLIKA DOT 7ASP :!OT.:: (Symtoneida epilais ^al)k.)

Florida. J. R. Watson (April 23): The oleander caterpillar is very
abundant from Gainesvillo south.

S:cOLODEiD?.O:T
A WI-EFLY (Dialourodcs chittendoni Laing)

Connecticut. E. P. Felt (April 23): Rhododendron wThitcfly.was some-
what abunaLant in a planting at Greenwich in the extreme southwestern
corner of the State.

AZALiEA SCALE (Eriococcus azalcae Const.)

Connecticut. E. P. Felt (April 23): Azalea scale occurred in larze
nmraers on rhododendron at Hartford.

ROSE

ROSE APMI (Uiacro iphum rosae .L.)

New Jersey. M. D. Leonard (April 24): Rose aphids are becnmirn-
abundant on new shoots of varioils varieties of cultivated roses at
Haddonfield, Camden County. All forms are brcodin- rapidly. This
is earlier than usual.

S 'O'3ALL

AT API:ID (Apis viburniphila Patch)

New Jersey. M. D. Leonard (April 24): Le-cves are curlinr- badly already,
at Haddonfield, Caumden County. Stemn-mothers anid many youn-g 1-'.-c
been observed, attended, as usual, by ants.






- 134 -


INSECTS ATTACKING MAN AND

DOMEST I C ANIMALS

MAN

MOSQUITOES (Oulicinac)

Vermont. H. L. Bailey (April 22): Large numbers of larvae of Aedes
zrn. were found in snow-water pools at Salisbury and Leicester,
Addison County, in western Vcrnont on April 7. In some pools whore
no larvae wore found on that date, many were found on April 22.

Florida. 3. V. Travis (April 1): Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say was
rather abundant at Forshala plantation during the entire winter,
but few have been observed since :.Irch 1, A. crucians Wied. having
become the more noticeable species since that date.

J. 3. Hull (April 1).: Only a few Aodes sollicitans'(Walk.)
were found at Fort Pierce in January, February, and March.

Texas. E. W. Laakc (April 25): Mosquitoes havo: apparently been very
scarce during the last month.

Oregon and Washinrton. H. H. Stage (April 25): The first larvae of A.
varipalpus Co4. were foun. bn April 12 near Randal,,. Waeh.,, inan
oak stu'T filled with rain water. The first larvae of A. vexans
Mg. and A. aldrichi Dyar and Knab were found on April 21 in the
lower Columbia River Valley, as the Coltuabia freshet reached 12.0
feet. The first adults of Culex pipiens L. were sooeen at Mt. Angel,
Ore,-., on April 19. The first anopholine larvae were found in
the first instar at Tulatin, Oresg., on April 27. The first larval
C. tarsalis Coq. was observed.in the Wil.lamettc Valley at Tulatin
on April 27. Third-instar larvae were taken.

BUFFALO GH'ATS (Simuliidae)

Now York. R. 1atheson (April 23): Prosiaulium hirtipes Fries, called
the "Adirondack black-fly," during the last few years has mado its
appearance in unusual abundance about Ithaca and is fast becoming
a pest of first importance about homes, both in the city and
surrounding country. It is very annoying about cottages on the
west shore of Cayu-a Lake. The first appearance this year was on
April 23 and it is quite abundant in the region at such an early.
date.

California. A. E. Michelbacher (April 20): Buffalo r-nato, Eusimuliun
claruz D. & S., have boon found to be very abundant about Patterson
and Wostley, in the San Joaquin Valley. They wore first encountered
on March 14 and again on March 24. They literally swarm about a
person and arc very annoying. They do not bite but get into the
hair and eyes. (Dot. by A. Stone.) They were continuing abundant
up to April 20, being encountered at Modosto, Patterson, Wostley,









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Vernslis, and Tracy. A few were found at Picasanton.

EYE G'JATS (Hippelates spp.)

Florida. J. T. BiChan (April 26): Eye gnats and sore eyes were re-
ported very troublesome in January, February, and March, at
Okeechobee, just north of the lake, and at all points around the
eastern and southern shores of the lake. There was not much
trouble with them at .oore Haven, toward the western side. Gnats
are said to be scarce throughout the low, flat country northwest
of Moore Haven until higher ground is reached about 12 milcs south
of Lake Placid. From this point northward along the Ridge to
Haines City, a great deal of trouble was reported every place with
gnats and sore eyes. They wore abundant enough to be bothersome
in school rooms. Sore eyes are said to be most prevalent in the
spring from Sebring south. Although trouble from gnats or sore
eyes was not reported at all points along the hi-wnay skirting the
east coast of Florida, an abundance of them was reported in truck
fields in southeastern Florida on the edge of the Everplades, only
a few miles inland. A status trap, located 3 or 4 miles inland
from Fort Pierce, indicated the presence of considerable nu'wbcrs of
gnats in that locality. Eye gnats were not abundant in the .area
between Orlando and Tallahassee, in the low flat country toward
the northwest coast near Perry, but they wore very abundant in the
higher country north of there, through Monticello, Madison, and.
Live Oak.

MIDGES (Chironomus spp.)

Vermont. H. L. Bailey (April 22): Great numbers of mosquitolike mid-
ges were present in the vicinity of Lake Duin-ore, Addison County,
western Vermont, on April 22.

SANDFLIES (Culicoides spp.)

Georgia and Florida. J. B. Hull (April): Very few sandflies were ob-
served in the vicinity of Savannah, Ga., in January, except for a
few warm, cloudy days when they were numerous near the salt narshes.
Few sandflies were present that month in Fort Pierce, Fla., although
they were numerous during the last week of December. The sace con-
ditions were observed during the early part of February at both
stations, although one complaint was received from a resident on
the island east of the city of Fort Pierce, Fla. During the lat-
ter part of February and in March at SavynnnrL, Ga., sandflies were
nmoro numerous than at any time since 1935. Early in the morning
and late in the afternoon it was almost impossible to remain out of
doors, especially near the marshes. They were annoying as far as
2 miles from the marshes on cloudy days when the wind was not blow-
ing. Collections made by sweepings showed that C. canithorax Hoff.
constituted over 9g percent of the flies. During the sano period






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some complaints were received at Fort Pierce, especially from
workers on the island cast of there, and residents living along
the Indian River. Some of the workers on the island quit work
on account of the flies.

TROPICAL RAT MITE (Liponyssus bacoti Hirst)

Kentucky. Dorsey DruF7 Co. (April 19): Mites were found on rats in
Horse Cave on April 11. (Dot. by H. E. Ewing.)

AXRICAN DOG TICK (Dermaccntor variabilis Say)

Massachusetts. C. N. Snith (April 1): All stages of the American dog
tick bocaic active towards the end of March, on Martha's Vineyard
Island. The.. first adults were found 'arch 21 and a few specimens
have been taken daily since that time. The first larvae appeared
on March 21 and a single nymph was taken on March 29.

District of Columbia. F. C. Bishop (April 26): It is indicated from
reports received from residents of the District and outlying sub-
urban areas that the American dor tick madc its first appearance
about April 1, and that it ha.s icbeen building up quite rapidly since.

ROCKY "!OU.AI: SPOTTED FEVER TICK (Dornacentor andorsoni Stiles)

Washin.ton. ,I1. C. Lane (April 19): The Rocky Mountain spotted fevor
ticX was abundant in the foothills of the Blue Mountains on
April 15.

CATTLE

STABLEFLY (Stomoxys calcitrans L.)

Georgia. A. L. Brody (April l1): The stablefly has been annoying- to
cattle around Valdosta. Usually from 25 to 50 arc observed on
each head of cattle.

Texas. E. W. Laakc (April 25): The stablefl]y apparently varies in
abundance at different places in the vicinity of Dallas and Fort
Worth, and ranges from 2 or 3 flies per animal, where the cattle
graze in open pastures, to as high as 50 per head, where the ani-
nals arc around barns or corrals.

H.R01 FLY (Haematobia irritans L.)

Georgia. A. L. Brody (April 1S): Horn flies have not increased in
nunbcrs during the past month at Valdosta. The usual number seen
on steers in this locality ranrcz from 100 to 200 per animal.

Texas. E. 7. Laakc (April 25): By April 1 horn fly populations of
2,000 per head on cattle were con-,mn in the vicinity west of Fort
Worth, Tex., and about 500 per head were observed on cattle at









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dairies around Dallas. After the cold '.'rvc of April 6 to 10, the
population was, reduced at least 50 percent and probably 75 r7ercent.
Since this cold spoll, the population has aain increased but ap-
parently has not yet reached the abundance that occurred just be-
fore the cold weather mentioned ab.ove. The horn fly passed theo
winter in Dallas in the pupal state, as ovidcr.ece by the c-.rr-orcc
of flios after Iarch 30, from material kert in hibernatinc- ca-.es.

0. G. Babcock (April 22): The infestation in the vicinity
of Sonr. is from li-hit to mcditum, that is, from 25 to 500 per animal.

HORSE

BLACK 3QS=*VL (TabAnus app.)

Toxas. E. W. Laako (April 25): The first specimen of T. atratus F.-
vm observed on an animal on April lS at the laboratory at Dallas.
Another specimen was observed feeding on a sheep on April 21. A
specimen of another species, apparently T. lineola F., was caught in
the cattle-fly trap en April 20.-Throe Indiv.iduals of this species
were taken in the cattle-fly trap operated on the laboratory
premises during the week ending April 25.

A BUFFALO GNAT (Simulium vittatun Zett.)

Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (April): On March 24 a Clay County correspon-
dent sent in specimens of the black fly with the statement that
this fly was a very serious pest of horses, entering their oars
and irritating the membranes. This pest was first noticed on this
farm by the correspondent 3 or 4 years ago. A similar complaint
was received from Thurston County on April 16.

WINTER TICK (Dermaccntor albipictus Pack.)

Oregon. H. H. Stage (April 5): Range horses were moderately infested
with these ticks near John Day. No D. andersoni were seen at
this time. (Dot. by J. MIA. Brcnnan.)

POULTRY

E7ROPEAN CHICMT FLEA (Coratophyllus gallinae Schr.)

New York. R. Matheson (UMarch 30): C. gallinac was reported at Gasport
in northwestern New York, for the first time.

STICKTIGHT FLEA (Echidnor.haga gallinacea Westw.)

Alabama. J. M. Robinson (April 16): The chicken flea was reported
from Lanctt on April 16.








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HOUSEHOLD AND STORED-PRODUCTS INSECTS


TEPMITES (Roticulitermes spp.)

Connecticut. N. Turner (April 23): The usual large number of infesta-
tions of R. flavipos Koll. has boon reported. Flights have boon
general during the last month. .Many comparatively new buildings are
seriously infested.

Rhode Island. A. E. Stone (April 21): There have boon two complaints
of invasions by termites in Providence, apparently starting -the same
time as in previous years.

Now York. E. P. Felt (April 23): Termites, R. flavipos, were abundant
in a house at Brcwster.

Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (April 19): 'Winged termites have beoon
takon around Pittsburgh anrd Philadolphia during the last 3 weeks.

Maryland. -E. If. Cory (March and April): Termites have been reported
in houses in Baltimore City and County, College Park, Silver Spring,
Hagerstown, and Anne Arundol County, during the last 2 monthe.

South Carolina. W. C. Nettles and F. Shcrnman (April 29): For whatever
reason, complaints and inquiries about termites are now less than
usual at this season.

Illinois. W. P. Flint (April): Termites have been swarming during the
last month, both from heated buildings and outside. Many swarnms
have been reported from the central part of the State.

Michigan. R. Hutson (April 25): Termites, particularly R. flavipes,
have been reported from Grand Rapids and Coldwater.

Missouri. L. Hasoman (April 25): While the swarming of termites
throughout the State bczn in March, some property owners have con-
tinued to report sw.varming up until the third week in April.

Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (March 29): Termites, R. tibialis Banks, wore re-
ported as requiring control in Buffalo County on :arch 29.

Oklahoma. F. A. Fenton (April 22): Termites have been reported at
Oklahoma City, Okmulgoo, Shawnee, and Nowata. The past warm
spell has caused these insects to' swarm in large numbers in the
vicinity of Stillwater.

Texas. E. W. Laako (April 25): During the last 2 weeks, from 6 to 12
calls per week have beeoon received at the laboratory for information
on the control of termites in residences in the city of Dallas.









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LEAD CABLE BORER (Scobicia declivis Loc.)

California. D. F. Barnes (April 20): A rotary net, set in operation
on April l14 in a storage yard at Fresno bcgni to take thcse beetles
on April 17 and 18. Two vcre captured during this 2-day period
and 47 on April.19.

BROTr SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus brunneus Dufts.)

Ohio. T. H. Parks (April 22): Specimens were sent in with the state-
ment that they wore being taken commonly in rooms of occupied
houses in Union and Highland Counties. (Dot. by J. N. Knull.)

A CURWJLIONID BEETLE (Hoxarthrum ulkei Horn)

Connecticut. N. Turner and I. P. Zappc (April 23): Yellow pine trim
in a :"ew Haven building has been badly d'-a-cd by this insect. Some
ash trim was also infested. The building is about 30 years old.
(Doet. by L. L. Buchanan.)

A SHOT-HOLE BOBR (Dinoderus minutes F.)

Ohio. J. N. Xnull (March 30): Bamboo sticks imported from Japan by a
Columbus florist were found to be heavily infested with larvae and
adults on .arch 30. (Dot. by W. S. Fisher.)

PEA WEEVIL (Bruchus pisorum L.)

North Carolina. J. S. Pinckney (April 20): Two adults were swept from
a row of Austrian winter peas on the Exreriment Station grounds at
Statesville this morning. This bruchid, like B. brachialis Fr-
raeus, is evidently just emerging from hibernation qnafters.

A SPIDER BEETLE (Gibbium psylloides Czemp.)

New York. M. D. Leonard (April 24): Beetles are occurring in fair num-
bers in Now York City and their presence t* oansing annoyance.

INDIAN"M.AL MOTH (Plodia intcrpunctella Hbn.)

Nebraska. 11, H. Sworn: (April 7): From Knox County on April 7 came a
specimen of Indian-meal moth for identification and control measures.

Utah. Mrs. 0. N. Smith (April 21): These insects get unklrr the covers
and paraffin on any seedy fruit jams, and from one-third to one-
half of the jam is liquidlike and spoiled. (Dot. by C. Heinrich.)





UNIVERSITy OF FLORIDA
1262/ IIII/ I i// I/ I /I / ihll/III
14o
3 1262 09244 6680
SUGARCANE BE2TLE (Buetheola rugiceps Lec.)

Louisiana. B. A. Ostorberger and C. 0. Eddy (April): Very active in
Saint Mary Parish. The adults are feeding on sugarcane and corn. In
the Bayou Teche section in some fields fully 80 percent of the original
sug-arcane plants have been destroyed. No reports of this post have
yet cono in from northern Louisiana.

J. W. Ingran and L. J. Charpontior (April 23): At Franklin beetle
injury is the hoavist since 1933. Injury reached its peak about the
middle of April. Recent rain in the section suffering heaviest injury
hrs been of benefit in increasing suckering of injured plants.

SUGuRCA/CE ROOTSTOCK WEEVIL (Anacontrinus subnudus Buchanan)

Louisianr.. B. A. Osterbergor archh 30): In Saint John the Baptist and
East Baton Ro-o Parishes this insect has boon noticed on several
occasions moving about on the ground in surarcane fields, as if ni-
gratir-.. from trash in ni6.dles to the growing cane.