The Insect pest survey bulletin

THE INSECT PEST SURVEY

BULLETIN


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A periodical review of entomological, conditions throughout the United States
issued on the first of each month from March to December, inclusive.


Volume 11


May 1, 1931.


Number 3


BUREAU


OF ENTOMOLOGY


UNITED STATES


DEPARTMENT OF


AGRICULTURE


AND


THE STATE ENTOMOLOGICAL

AGENCIES COOPERATING










C











INSECT PEST SURVEY BULLETIN


Vol. II May 1, 1931 No. 3



OUTSTAITDI)G ENTTOMOLOGICAL FATUR3S IN TH3 UNITED STATES FOR ATRIL, 0ll.

The usual reports of more or less serious cutworm damage were re-
ceived fr'-,m -rractically all parts of the United States. Unt snl damage
by these insects w,.s reported from North Carolina, North Iakota, Nebras-
ka, Montana, and parts of Idaho.

Serious Hessian fly infestations are re-ported from western Illinois,
part of the Platte Valley in Nebraska, and limited areas in Iowa. In
Henderson County, Illinois, considerable wheat is being plowed out on ac-
count of infestation.

During the middle of April the chinch bug started migrating into the
fields in Illinois. 3>,. the middle of the month migration was observed in
,Missouri and Kansas. There is a decided indication of serious chinch bug
trouble in southeastern Kansas.

The clover leaf weevil is rep-orted as very abundant in central Illi-
nois and arts of Iowa, Missouri, Kent-ucy-i and Kansas.

The pea aphid is re-orted in outbreak numbers in parts of Kansas and
northeastern Arkansas, Arizona, and southern California. Isolated infesta-
tions were reported from Mississi77i. The infestation re-norted in the
last number of the Survey Bulleting from the Uillamette Valley of Oregon
increased materially during late tMarch.

Dr'Cmage by the shot-hole borer is reported to be unusually severe in
Ohio this spring,. In view of the very extensive and serious drought of
1930 it is surinrising th-it severe darm.ae by this insect is not more ex-
tensively observed.

The first record for 1931 of the pu--ation of codling moths was made in
Missouri on A-ril 3; at Cornelia, Georgia, Arril 15; at Carbo:-idale, Ill.,
April 12; at Urbana, Ill., April 14; in Nebras:a, April 13; in Pennsylvania,
April 21; and in ':.ryl-inO, Arril 21. The insect is quite generally report-
ed as normally abundant throughout the Middle Atlantic, South Atlantic, and
East Central States. In the Rock;y Mountain r.. :ion the insect is reported
as very abundant .in Nowr 'TMxico, and as having sustained a very.' slight mor-
tality in Idaho.


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The Eastern tent caterpillar appears to be below normal in numbers
throughout the New England, Middle Atlantic, and South Atlantic States.

Decido.ous fruit aphids are reported as quite generally below normal
in numbers along the Atlantic Seaboard from Massachusetts to Georgia,
and westward to Missouri. Reports of an unusual abundance of deciduous
fruit aphids have been received from Mississippi. A limited heavy
infestation of the apple grain aphid is reported from ievw York State,
and owing to the unusually mild winter the woolly apple aphid was as
numerous during the first week of April in Wenatchee, Wash., as they
were in July of last year.

Apple leafhoppers are reported as unusually abundant in Connecticut
and the East Central States. ThLey are so numerous in parts' of Missouri
that the fruit growers are becoming alarmed.

The first emergence of the oriental fruit moth to be reported from
Georgia was on April 8, at Thomaston. Adults were observed at Roanoke,
Va., on April 14.

A very heavy migration of the common red spider into fruit trees in
western 7ashington indicates that the very serious outbreak of last
year may be repeated this season.

The plum curculio appears to be delayed in emergence in the South
Atlantic States. Only 3 beetles were collected at Thomaston prior to
April 4, on which date 35 adults were collected in two hours by jarring,
This is about three weeks later than general emergence last year and the
latest emergence in i1 yp erId- ts were observed for the first time
on April 14 in Virginia annIllinois, and on April 15 in Kentucky.

Heavy infestations by the rusty plum aphid are reported from Georgia
and Mississippi.

The grape leafhopper is more abundant than usual -in the commercial
grape sections of northern Ohio. Damage from this: insect is more abun-
dant than ever before recorded in the San Joaquin Valley, California,
and in the central part of the Valley the insects are so numerous that
the small leaves are turning brown.

A severe outbreak of the six-spotted mite has occurred over the.
entire citrus belt of Florida and some defoliation has resulted where
spraying has been neglected.

''The vegetable weevil continues to be a serious pest on a variety of
truck crops in Mississippi. ,

The first adult of the spotted cucumber beetle to be o]oserved in
Virginia this season was seen at'Norfolk on April 3, and th=- first adult
was reported from Illinois on April 15.






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The western s-notted cucumber beetle is making serious inroads on fields
of seedling clover in the Jlill- nette Valley of Oregon, and is doing consider-
able dama-o to melons in the San Joaquin Valley of California.

The Colorado notpto beetle is re':orted as unusually abundant in the
Chadbourn district of -Torth Carolina, and in the Norfolk district of Virgi-
nia. There is also quite a henvy infestation by this insect as far south
as Alachi1a County of Tlorida.

The' seed corn maigot is not so serious as usual on -'otato seed nieces
in the tr.cki.1' sections of Vir:;inia and the Carolinas, although it is re-
norted as causing considerable damage to sna- beans in .Torth Carolina, and
doing considerable damage to corn, ipeas, and beans in western Texas.

The cabbage webworm became so numerous on tuirnip greens about Lucedale,
Miss., that canni-g operations had tobe sus-ended.

Large quantities of spinach harvested early in April had to be rejected
on account of the unusually heavy infestation by the green -neach aphid in
the Norfolk district of Virginia.

The first adult of the harlequin bug to bo observed in Virginia this
season was collected Arril 9. The first s'-ecimen observed in the Chadbourn
district of NIrth Carolina was recorded as of A1ril 21.

The most serious outbreak of buffalo gnats in m'n, years was re-orted in
Covhoma and Tunica Counties, Miss., in the early part of Anril. It was es-
timated. that more than 200 mtles, besides other livestock, were killed by
gnats within a day or two. Similar re-ports of serious infestation were re-
ceived from parts of Arkansas. Buffalo *n'.ts, Simulium vittatum Zett., were
seriously infesting mules, cattle, and hogs south of 7est-nmoreland, Kans.


OUTSTA2. 1:5 z:70jOLOGICAL FTUR- S 11 CAIN TA.'D. 'OR A!T-IL, 1931.

Grasshopr-ers have been on the .-,v'ard trend in many carts of Canada,
particularly western Canada, during the past two years, and althougJa they
were not sufficiently abundant last :,c.,r to cause serious cro- 10- ,'C, it
is antici-pated that serious outbreaks -ayvr develop in many parts of the
rrairie rrovinces and "British Colu-mbia, if conditions continue favorable
during 1931 and 1932.

The pale western cutworm craus- serious cr'op losses in Saskatchewan
and eastern Alberta, during 1930. In Saskatchew-n, the insect .greatly
extended its range and the outbre2:l v-nz the worst so far experienced, the
most se'.'ere losses occurring in the south-central region of the province.
It is forecast that if weather conditions are average, cror losses will
be even greater in the infested regions during 1931.

The red-bac'-ed,. cutworm ,also was a pest of i-mortance over a large
-art of the 'rairie provinces during 1930, attacking grI-in crops, clover, and








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vegetable and other garden plants with. resultant: severe logs-es-in =any
sections.

Cutworms, in general, were not notably trouble-some crop pests in
eastern Canada, 'during 1930, and they were scarcer and less injurious
than for many yeirs ih British Columbia. The bertha armyworm, which
caused crop dmnage in the Prairie Provinces, in 1929, also was scarce.

Few reports of damage by wireworms were received from &astern Canada
during 1930, although quite severe injury was noted in sections of
southern Quebec and southwestern Ontario. In the West, wireworm depreda-
tions were slight in Manitoba, average or below average in Alberta, and
much less than in 1929. in S-skatchewan. Damage by these insects was
worse than usual in British Columbia, particularly in the Okanagan,
Fraser, and Bulkley valleys.

Mvhite grubs were markedly injurious in sections of Quebec and eastern
Ontarioj during 1930, and a major flight of beetles is forecast for May
and June, of the present year, over a large area of southern Quebec.
D-.--re to field and garden crops by second and third-yea-r grubs will
continue in many sections.

The European corn, borer again showed a decrease in infestation, in
1930, over the greater part of the area in Ontario where corn is a major
crop. In areas throughout the province were field corn is of little
importance, however, a definite upward trend in the infestation of sweet
corn was noted. In Quebec, infestations continued relatively light, and
in the Maritime Provinces, they are still comparratively negligible.

The Colorado potato beetle was not more than normally injurious in
most parts of the Dominion, during 1930, although a moderate increase in
abundance over 1929 was reported from parts of the Maritimes and the
Prairie Provinces.

Reports indicate an increased abundance of the wheat stem s.'.wfly in
the Prairie Provinces during 1930, but crop damage was generally less
severe than-in 1929.

The diamond-back moth occurred in outbreak form inr the Dominion west
of 'Manitoba, during 1930, considerable acreages of cruciferous crops
being severely damaged or destroyed in the provinces of Saskatchewan,
Alberta, and British Columbia.

Flea beetles of several species were again troubl-r -o-me pests in
various parts of the Dominion during 1930.

The only reports received during 1930. concerning the Hessian fly
were from '.a.nitoba and Saskatchewan, where the insect was reported as
scarce, and from' Vancouver Island, where it caused local damae to wheat.

In late summer, 1930, the green bug, Toxoptera !,ramin'm Rond., was
recorded for the first time in outbreak numbers, effecting material







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damage to oats in sections of- western Manitoba and eastern Saskatc. an.

Bulmoths continue to decline in-Nova Scotia" and in the St. John
valley, sewv Brunswick. In Ontario the ",'ud.oth situation appears to be
gdt-a?'ualy ir"cproving, although considerable a'n-E was caused in cimO
localities, during 1930.

The codling: moth was unusually injurious in the Maritime Provinces
and Ontario during 1930, but'was notably scarce and less injurious thaLn
for many years in British Columbia.

The oriental fruit ..-.oth decreased to a marked extent in peach orchards
of the Nia.-ara peninsula, Ontario, during 1930, due to natural control
factors.

Spider rites were abundat and destructive on a variety of plants, in
n.-ny parts of Canada, particularly in the Prairie Provinces, during 1930.

Larvae of a tussock moth, believed to be the white-marked tussock,
were found attacking fir, zhite spruce and rider, in sections of Nova
Scotia, in 1930. In British Columbia. the tussock mioth, He'ner'cma .-a
pseudotsugata McD., defoliated l-*r.e aren.s of Dou.::las fir in sections of
the province.

During 1930. the satin moth was found for the first time in eastern
Cana-", in the M".ritime Provinces, at several points in IT,-. Brunswick and
iT)va Scotia. Previously it was known to occur only -in British Columbia,
where it wa.s discovered in 1920.

The outbre-k of the her-dlock looper which developed on the north shore
of the St. Lawrence River, in.Que*bec, between the Bersimis and Pentecote
Rivers, and was severe in 1928, decli-ied in 1929, and subsided entirely
during 1930. T:-e extensive rainfall in the infested region during the
past t-;o years is believed to have been an important factor in the decline
of .the insect.

Bark beetles are on the increase over large areas in British Colunbia,
cnd, during 1930, were unusually destructive, particularly affecting
western yellow pine and lodgepole pine.

The bl.ck-headed tip moth continued to cause' material injury to balsan
and white spruce .on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, aLnd to balszar, hemlock,
Douglas fir,;h-and Sitka spruce over a lar-e part of the coast section of the
southern mainland of British Colu-.':ia.

Further scouting for the brown-tail moth in Nova Scotia revealed no
signs of this pest, and supports the belief that it has been exterminated
in Canada. Scouting for the gypsy moth in the easternn tovwnships of Q-ebec,
where a local outbreak was discovered in 1924, indicates that this species
also has been completely sta:.:ped out.









GE NE R AL F E E D E R S

GRASSHOPPERS (Acrididae)


Wisconsin-



Utah





New Mexico


A. A. Granovsky (April 3): Eggs of Camnula pellucida Scudd.
and eggs of Melanoplus femur-rubrum DeG. are moderately abund-
ant. Grasshoppers are on the increase.

C. F. Xnowlton (April): Grasshopper eggs are beginning to
hatch, and first instar nymphs have been collected in several
localities in Boxelder and Tooele Counties. Overwintering
nymphs appear to be less abundant in .Tooele and Boxelder
Counties than a year ago at this time.

J. R. Eyer (April): Grasshopper eggs are very abundant.
Nymphs are commencingto appear in hedge rows adjoining grain
fields and pasture lands.


CTTWORMS (Noctuidae)


North Carolina


Florida


Kentucky



North Dakota




South Dakota


Iowa


W. A. Thomas (April 20): A single report of cutworm injury.
has come to the laboratory at Chadbourn so far this season,
There seems to be practically no cutworm injury in this area
to date,

C. H. Brannon (April 27): Severe damage has been caused by
the variegated cutworm, Lycophotia margaritosa saucia Hbn.
to commercial plantings of gladiolas in Carteret County.
(April 15): Vcrious species of cutworms are causing unusually
serious damage over the State.

F. S. Chamberlin (April 18): Cutworms are only moderately
abundant. Infestations appear less than is usually the case
in Gadsden County.

J. R. Watson (April 21): Cutworms are moderately abundant.
About as usual.

W. A. Price (April 22): Cutworms are very abundant. The
clay-backed cutworm, Feltia gladiaria Morr,, is doing seriAas
damage to clover and oats, also to tobacco in the bed.

J. A. Munro (April ll): Half-grown larvae (Euxoa sp.) were
sent in by the county agent at Mott, and he states that they
are very abundant. This is about the earliest date on record
for this office to receive cutworms.

H. C. Severin (April 22): Cutworms are very abundant in
alfalfa fields 'in Perkins County.

C. J. Drake (April 27): -Cutworms were found in large
numbers in Washington County.


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j*






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Missouri




Nebr-ska







Kansas





Arkansas


Alabama


Mississippi




Texas


Montana




Idaho



Nevada


New Mexico


H. E. Jaques (April 24): Cutworms are showing up in Union,
.Monroe, and Pocahontas Counties.

L. Hase,.n (April 24): Twvo or three species of cutworms are
very abundant. They are doing some -rge to flowers nd lc.wns,
and we are expecting within the next month to receive serious
complaint of damage on sod corn.

M. H. Swenk (April 8): The army cutworm, Chorizagrotis
auxiliaris Grote, was noticed in :..whcatfields of northwestern
Boxbutte Countyalwst of Hemingford northwest of Alliance. As
usual, the worms/rioving through fields attth#* rate of 15 to 50
feet a day, feeding toth day and night. Some fields are
already badly damaged. Twenty or more farms are known to be
affected involving between 500 and 1,000 acres.

H,, R. Bryson (April 23): Dr. R. C. Smith reports the army
cutworm in some alfaffa fields, but scArce, April 18.
(April 22): There are indications that cutworm injury is on
the increase judging from the number of requests during the
past month for information on cutworm control.

D. Isely (April 25): Climbing cutworms have been unusually
injurious to swelling grape buds in northwestern Arkansas.

J. M. Robinson (April 20): Cutworms are moderately abundant
on cabbage, tomato, and asparagus at Auburn.

R. W. Harned and assistants (April): Although cutworms are
being quite generally reported from all parts of the State,
the only section where they are unusually abundant is in the
vicinity of Picayune, Pearl River County.

F. L. Thomas (April 20): Cutworms are reported at College
Station. Less complaint than usual.

A. L. Strand (April 20): The army cutworm, Chorizagrotis
atuxiliaris, is present in outbreak numbers from one end of
the State to the other. Particular damage is being done in
the central region, centering around Fergus County.

C. Wr-Jelr.nd (April 20): An unidentified species is doing
considerable damage to dry-land grain crops in Bannock and
Powers Counties.

G. G. Schweis (April 21): Cutworms are doing some dImage
to gardens at Reno.

J. R. Eyer (April): Cutworms are moderately abundant.
Cirphis unipunctaa Haw. and L.ycophoti.. margaritosa Haw. have
been caught in moderately large numbers in codling moth bait
pans.




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Oregon


California


L. P. Rockwood (April): Garden cutworms (Euxoa sp. and
Feltia sp.) apper to be fewer than last year in Washington
County. Neuria procincta Grote is present in some numbers
in oats and vetch fields and in some alfalfa fields.

E. 0. Essig (April 20): Cutworms are moderately abundant
at Los Banos, in the San Joaquin Valley.


WIREWORMS (Elateridae)


South Carolina


Alabama








Louisiana



Nevada


California


Virginia


Illinois


P. K. Harrison (April 17): The first specimens of larvae of
Horistonotus uhleri Horn,were collected in first 6 inches of
soil, three in fai iOw soil, and one in soil that is being
cultivated, at Fairfax.,

J. N. Tenhet (April 15): First indications of activity of
H. uhleri Horn. at Fairfax this season were noted this week.
.-,e spring has been late and cold and wireworm activity is
occurring later than usual.

K. L. .Cockerham (April 10): On April 10, examinations at
Foley showed the following: Around cabbage plants set 18
inches apart there were 1.4 wireworms (Heteroderes laurentii
Guer.) per plant; hills of corn 3 feet apart in the rows
showed 5 worms per hill; around corn drilled in the row 8 to
10 inches there were 2 worms per foot; oats drilled thickly
in the row showed 13 worms per 10 feet. Corn examined was
planted March 19.

W. E. Hinds (April 23): Adults of Aeolus dorsalis Sty were
token in large numbers in sugarcane fields and near alfalfa
fields at Franklin, April 16 and 17.

G. G. Schweis (April 21): Wireworms are very numerous in
Lincoln County.

E. 0. Essig (April 20): Wireworms are moderately abundant
in the Delta Region.

S. Lockwood (April 7): A click beetle, Pheletes canus Lec.,
was found doing a small amount of damage to the opening buds
of sml-muto dmget h
of ap-cle in Sonoma County, March 28.

WHITE GRUBS (Pl ha spp.)

H. G. Walker and G. E. Gould Aprill 22): White grubs are
moderately abundant in the vicinity 'of Norfolk.

IW. P. Flint (April 20): The first adult June beetles were
* seen in flight at Carbondale April 16; at Jacksonville, April
14.






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South Dakota


Iowa


Kansas


Missouri



Louisiana







Mississippi


North Carolina


H. C. Severin (April 22): Wnite grubs are moderately
abundant and are injurious to lawns, grass lands, hay, and
meadows at Brookings and Br:'r.nt.

H. E. Jaques (April 24): ;rnlte grubs are scarce in Case,
Page, Polk, .foi-.roe and Henry Counties, and moderately abun-
dant in Pocahontas, Union,, and Des Moines Counties.

H. R. Bryson (April 23): rTnite grubs are moderately abun-
dant at -n-'h-.ttan.

L. Haseman (April 24): White grubs are only moderately
abundant. June beetles were flying at Springfield, April 21.
(Paul H. Johnson)

W. E.,Hinds (April 23):- May beetles (Phyllophaga sp.)
were reported in enormous numbers at lights at Franklin on
1. rch 20, emerging during a sultry pc-iod just preceding a
thunder storm on that night. They were also reported as
stripping foliage from young pecan trees at Jennings, about
the middle of April. P. congrua Lec. was taken in large
numbers at trap lights at Franklin, April 16 and 17.

R. P. Colmer (April 19): May beetles observed cutting
young foliage on seedling pecans.

GREEN JUNEJ BEETLE (Cotinis nitida L.)

W. A. Thomas (April 10): The work of this insect is much
in evidence on the lawns in Chadbourn. Unsightly mounds of
earth may be seen on nearly every lawn and in a few places
the crass shows signs of dying.


SCARABAEID BEETLES (AnomJ.la spp.)


Louisiana


W. E. Hinds (April 23): A. undulata Melsh.and A. innuba
Fab. have been taken in srr1l numbers at trap lights at
Fr-.r:lin, April 16 and 17.


RED SPIDER (Tetranychus telarius L.)


Missouri


Mississippi


Washington


L. Haseman (April 24): During the month a nur..ber of
complaints were received regarding red spiders on ornanentals.

H. Gladney (April 17): The red spider is very abundant on
citrus and vetch at Ocean Springs, Jackson County.

M. A. Others (April 6): A, tremendous migration from the
ground and the bark of tree trunks of Delicious and Winesap
apples up into the trees was first noticed at Wenatchee
April 6. Thousands of trees have been treated with sticky
tree-banding material to prevent migration. Some red spiders






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Illinois


Iowa


Nebraska


are already up in the trees, which are now.in the cluster-
bud stage. First 'eggs for the season are being deposited.
Orchardists !-re spraying with summer strength lime-sulphur
to destroy the mites above the bands. Last season infesta-
tion was first noticed in July. There was serious loss
after that time, the trees becoming defoliated and the fruit
ceasing to grow further.


CEREAL AND FORAGE-CROP INSECTS

:MAT.

HESSIAN FLY (Phytophaa destructor Say)

W. P. Flint (April 20): J. H. Bigger reported severe
infestations in western counties. In t-vo hours'time he saw
100 acres in threD fields in Henderson County which were to
be plowed up because of this infestation. (April 8)

C. J. Drake (April 27): The spring brood is emerging
throughout the State. In the heavily infested counties the
flies occur in great numbers.

M. H. Swenk (March 1-April 15): The Hessian fly is in
general moderately abundant over the southeastern part of the
State in early-sown and'volunteer wheat, but is menacing only
in those sections where the July rainfall was about normal
or where the caTpaign last fall for the destruction of the
volunteer and delayed sowing of the crop received less than
normal support. Field investigations show that in the Platte
Valley counties from northern Saunders and Colfax Counties
to Hall County there is a rather heavy infestation in many
fields. In Colfax County the infestation in two fields was
3.6 and 4.25 puparia per infested stem. A Platte County
.. fieal.d showed 56 per cent of the stems infested with an average
of 1.77 puparia per infested stem. In Hall County the fly is
quite plentiful, with volunteer wheat very heavily infested.
Early sown fields in York and Jefferson Counties have been
considerably injured in a number of cases. A survey of
Lancaster, S-oward, northern Saline, western Cass, and southern
Saunders .Counties that has just been completed showed rela-
tively light infestations except occasionally in early sown
or volunteer wheat. The worst infested field in this area
was an early sown one northwest of Lincoln which showed
17 per cent of the stems to be infested with an average of
1.4 puparia per infested stem. Fields which were sowv on
or after the announced fly-safe date are practically free
from infestation. On April 15 but few of t'he flies had
-emerged from the puparia, but there were many pupae present
and a heavy wave of emergence is apparently due. (April 20):
The Hessian fly is moderately abundant in Platte Valley from
Fremont to Grand Island and locally southward.







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Oregon


Illinois










Missouri


Kansas














Oklahorma


H. E. Jaques (April 24): The Hessian ly is scarce in
Osceola, Cass, and ;.,ison Counties; moderately abundant in
Harrison, Mills, Crawford, Warren, Monroe, Henry, Des 1Moines,
and Page Counties; and very abundant in Monona, Fremont, and
Polk Counties.

M. M. Reeher (MIarch 19): The Hessian fly began emerging at
Forest Grove on the 19th of lkrch. On account of the dry
season last fall most of the spring emergence will come from
overwintering flaxseeds on the stubble, as few flies emerged
and little volunteer-wheat appeared until too late for
oviposition.


CORN

CHINCH ,TjG (Blissus leucoIterus Say)

7. P. Flint (April 20): Chinch bu,-s are now flying and
have flown to fields in the' central and south-central parts
of the State. A considerable area shows bugs abundant enough
in the small grain fields to cause very serious losses if the
weather remains dry or even normal. (April 20): J. H. Bigger
reports that chinch bugs were suen flying in n-..d and
S.'Lrn7g:'on Counties April 14, in Hancock County April 17, and
in Ad as County April 15. Heavy infestation in portions of
Menard and Sangamon Counties. The Christian County Farm
Adviser reports extremely large numbers.

L. Haseman (April 24): T.-he.c chinch bug is very threatening.
Over-wintering bugs migrated April 15-16.

H. Rb Bryson (April 23): Infor:.ation taken from the Kansas
Weekly Crop Report dated March 20 indicates that cinch bur-s
may become a menace in the southeastern counties and than
many survived the mild winter in spite of bur-iin.; campaigns
carried on in this area to reduce the number emerging from
hibernation this spring. Additional information in tli. -,'ekly
Crop report of April 20 records an observation of the county
agent of Wilson County who observed a flight of bugs on April
11. Large numbers of bugs apparently survived the .mild winter
in that county. Chinch bugs are reported as h'nving. killed 25
acres of newly sown wheat last fall in Sumner County and are
abundant in that locality this spring. Chinch bugs are scarce
but present at ManLhattan.

C. F. Stiles (April 27): Chinch bugs are very numerous in
the northeastern part of the state, a.na in some counties in
the north central portion. One farmer reports that wheat is
firing (?) in Nowata County. The_,e pests overwintered here
at Stillwater in lar,. numbers. Wle expect serious darr:.e














Florida



Missouri


Mississippi



Louisiana


-96-

.nless the weather is unfavorable to chinch bug development
before the small grains are cut.

CORN EAR WOVRM (Heliothis obioleta Fab.)

J. R. Watson (April 21): The corn ear worm is scarce,
except in the southern part of the State where it is moder-
ately abundant.

L. Haseman (April 24): Diggings at Columbia revealed 1
pupa of the corn ear worm, 3 dead, and 4 decomposed.

R. W. Harned and assistants (April): H. H. Carpenter
(April 20): The corn ear worm is scarce in northern
Mississippi.

W. E. Hinds (April 23): The corn ear worm has not been
found yet at Baton Rouge.


CORN FLEA BE2TL (Chaetocnema pulicaria Melsh.)


Mississipopi


R. W. Harned (April 22): Complaints of killed or more or
less severely injured corn, accomrrpanied by specimens of the
corn flea beetle, C. pulicariahave been received from Lee,
Lauderdale, Neshoba, and Leake Counties.


CORN SEED BEETLE (Agonoderus pallipes Fab.)


Illinois


Nevada


Illinois





Kentuicky


W. P. Flint (April 20): Corn seed beetles flew out of
hibernation in Warren County April 7.


ALFALFA, CLOVER, ETC.

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Phytonomus posticus Gyll.)


G. G. Schweis (April 21): The first eggs of the alfalfa
weevil were observed on April 6 at Reno.

P SLEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata Fab.)

W. P. Flint (April 20): The clover leaf weevil is very
abundant in central Illinois but frequent light showers and
warm weather are producing conditions so favorable to the
growth of the clover plant that there will be no permanent
damage from the weevil.

W. A. Price (April 22): The clover leaf weevil larvae are
very numerous and doing much damage to clover at Brandenburg,
April 8.

H. E. Jaques (April 24): The clover leaf weevil is doing
serious damage in some clover fields in Des Moines County.


J"' 4 A





-97-


Missouri



Kansas










Virginia

KA nsas
Kan sa s


Arkansas



Mississippi





Oregon


C. J. Drake (Ao ril 27): The clover leaf weevil has been
reported by the county .gae:ts in the counties of Madison,
Union, and 7.Tashin-ton 's occurring in large nru'bcers in
clover fields and doingF a considerable amount of damage.

L. Haseman (April 24): The clover leaf ;vfvil larvae are
rather abundant r. fin this year though apparently no worse
than usual. They are beginning to pupate at this date.

H. R. Bryson (April 23): The clover leaf weevil is slightly
more numerous than usual. Dr. R. C. Smith reports damage in
one field near Alta Vista. All sizes of larvae are present
in all alfalfa fields. Generally there is no apparent injury.
First cocoons were found April 11. One report from a county
agent states that this pest was injuring alfalfa in a field
at Clements. An infestation of 5 larvae per crown was ob-
served on a 2-year-old stand.

F7A APHID (Illinoit nisi Krlt.)

G. E. Gould (April 22): The pea aphid is moderately
abundant on alfalfa, but is still scarce on garden peas.

H. R. Bryson (April 23): Dr. R. C. Smith reports pea aphids
present, but in small numbers only, in most alfalfa fields.
lTo injury has been seen or reported. Only the winged forms
havd. boon seen so far. Growing conditions are excellent for
.t alfalfa now. Lady bird beetles, Hinpodamia convergens Guer.
and Adalia biunctata L., are plentiful. Dr. Z. G. Kelly
states that i-.umb.rs are increasing to outbreak proportions
at Larned and Great Bend. There is a slight outbreak also
at Dodge City.

24 Isely. (April 25): An outbreak of green pea aphids on
alfalfa has been reported from central and northeastern
Arkansas.

R. W. Earned and assistants (April): Pea aphids were
collected on alfalfa at Pace on April 18, ind on Austrian
winter peas at Cleveland on April 19. Infestations were
spotted and in places very severe. The spcirn.-_ns received
were heavily parasitized.

L. P. Rockwood (April 2): Infestation increased rapidly
during March on early fall-sown vetch -nd Austrian peas where
the %aphids established themselves last fall and surviv,:d the
mild winter in viviparous form. They have become abundant on
cover crops in some orchards of Washington and YTmhhill Counties.
The fungus F-.tom- o0'1t-, anhidis Hollm:rn has checked them in
one orchard, but although present in other places it has not
been observed as epidemi- w A few Hippoda.:--ia con-.'ern-ens Guer.
have appeared in the fields and Coccinella trifasciata Lm ..
are present in large numbers in some old prane orchards, in or





-98-


Kansas


Louisiana


near which they probably hibernated. Hippodnmia spuri Lec.
and H. ambigua Lee., which are hibernating together on a
bald hill in Ynirhill County, had not left their cache by
March 22, They are present in great numbers in this cache.
Some were affected by the fungous disease Beauveria globuli-
fera Speg. The first alate viviparous females ere found.
March 16, but very few and not many nymphs. There is as
yet no indication that late-fall-sown vetch and Austrian
field peas have become infested by I. pisi migrating from
early-fall-sown vetch.

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Eurymus eurytheme Boisd.)

H. R. Bryson (April 23): R. C. Smith reports on April 18
finding several nearly grown larvae of the alfalfa caterpil-
lar, but no injury has been seen or reported. Adults were
present about April ., but very scarce and below normal in
abundance, at Manhattan.


SUC-ARCANE

.SUGARCANE BORER (Diatraea saccharalis Fab.)

W7. E. Hinds (April 23): The first moths emerged March 16,
and a number have since emerged, from overwintering larvae
collected in the fields on March 20. A few adults, mostly
males, taken at trap lights, Franklin, April 16 and 17.


SUGARCANE B=ETLE (Euetheola rugiceps Lec.)


Louisiana


W. E. Hinds (April 23): E. ru;iceps is abundant again in
St. Mary Parish where the heaviest infestation has centered
continuously for more than 50 years past. Beetles have been
injuring sprouts of cane and corn since the last week of
March but no egg laying occurred before the middle of April.
Adults were taken at trap lights at Franklin in considerable
numbers on April 16 and 17, when night temperatures of 60
degrees F. or higher prevailed. Mating and egg laying were
just beginning apparently about April 16. A few specimens
of Ligyrus gibbosus DeG. were also captured.


A SCARABAEID (Dyscinetus trachypygus Burro.)


Louisiana


W. E. Hinds (April 23): Large numbers were taken at trap
lights near the banks of Bayou Teche at Franklin on April 16
and 17.






-99-


Y RU IT I S SEC T S

TAIMTIS-HD PLA-i7 7TG (L-ras -'rt l ES L^.


ITew York




Illinois





Kentucky


North Dakota


!Tebraska






Washington


Kentucky


Weekly News Letter, New York State College of A/riculture
(April): The tarnished plant bug is reported as unusually
abundant in Ulster County, where it is daia:ing apple and
pear buds. (Abstract J.A.H.)

S. C. Checndler through W. P. Flint (April 18): Moderate
numbers of the tarnished plant bug were taken last week. None
were taken in jarring at Carbondale this %'ei:Y. They were
quite numerous in apple orchards throughout central and
southern Illinois.

W. A. Price (April 22): Tarnished plant bugs were abundant
in the State on April 13.

J. A. Munro (April 18): Quite a few tarnished plant bugs
have been noticed of late.

M. W. Swernk (March 15 April 15): The- first tarnished
plant bugs were observed flying about at Lincoln on Februaryy
26 by D. B. Whelan. On April 15 a Nemaha County correspondent
reported that this pest was killing many of the apple buds in
his orchard, the pest being present at the rate of three or
four to the bur.d.

R. L. Webster (April 14): Reported as doinr'= considerable
cxrno-e to pear buds, the injury being evident last week in
Wenatchee and Okanogan Vall,:--s. Probably the injury is fully
as severe as in 1970.

SHOT-HOLE 0.Z-D (Sc1:,.''us rur ulosus Ratz.)

T. H. Parks (April 27): More complaints have reached our
office about this insect durin- the past two months than in
r-any years. The drought of 1M30 apparently placed trees in
condition to receive damage from this pest.

FLEA BETL2S (Halticinae)

W. A. Price (April 22): Flea beetles are abundant in orchards
about Henderson and Lexington.


SCARABA.ID EEETL2S (Scarabacidae)


North Carolina


R. W. Leiby (April 22): Hoplia trivialis Harold is reported
as defoliating new leaves and ,growth of peach trees in a vr.-y
few orchards at Winston-Salm. (Det. '-' C.S.Brimlcy. )






-100-


Mississippi R. W. Harned (April 22):; On April 15 a correspondent at
Baldwyn sent 22 adults of H. trivialis and 2 adults of
Serica sp. to thisoffice with the following comment: "I
have 2 acres of young apple and near trees and these beetles
are defoliating them." (Det. E. A. Chapin.)

California S. Locl1wood (April 7): Many specimens of Hoplia sackeni
Lec. were collected in the heads of barley grown in an
orchard in Sonoma County. Mr. Branner states that he has
seen some damage to young apple trees by this insect.

North Carolina R. W. Leiby (April 22).: Serica iricolor Say has been
reported as defoliating new leaves and growth of peach in a
very few orchards at Winston-Salem. (Det. by C. S. Brimley.)
Dichelonyx fuscuila Lec. has been reported as defoliating new
: .. leaves.-and growth of peach in a very few orchards at Winston-
Salem.


APPLE

CODLI"T7= MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella L. ) ...


New Jersey








Pennsylvania


Maryland


South Carolina


Georgia


Ohio


Weekly News Letter, NTew Jersey State College of Agriculture
(April 21): Codling moth larvae are in abundance in the
Glassboro area, Gloucester Co., and more than I have ever seen
before. Codling moth pupae can be found without difficulty.
It is estimated that 5 to 10 per cent of the moths are in the
pupal stage at the present-time. Some empty pupal1 cases, have
been found. TWhether these empty cases are from last year or
not, has yet to be determined.

H. IT. Worthley (April 22): The codling moth is moderately
abundant at State Colleog. The first pupae appeared April 21.

E. IN. Cory (April 22): P. D. Sanders has examined over 250
codling moth larvae and found eight in the ptpal stage today.

A. Lutken (April 27): Adult codling moths emerged April 24
at Clemson.

C. H. Alden (April 20): The codling moth is moderately
abundant at Cornelia. The moths began to. emerge April 15;.. :

T. H. Parks (April 10): Overwintering codling moth larvae
at Columbus have been fed upon by birds so freely that it is
impossible to collect any number from tree trunks. Between
200 and 300 were collected by'Mr C. .Huff from cra.tcs piled
in a packing house. This. insect seriously damaged the apple
crop in Lawrence County last fall and is not difficult to find.






-101-


Illinois






Missourt.


lNebraska


I daho


New Mexico


Maine


New Hampshire



Vermont



Massachusetts


Connecticcut


hibernating on tree trunks. One' orchard comp.nr employed
nine -:or1m:-.n to scrape the tree trunis of all the trees in
100 acres of orchard. This removed the larvae with the loose
barkc. Birds followed the workmern and extracted the larvae
from the fallen bark. Woodpeckers, robins and oven the
starling took an active part in Lthis.

W. P'. Flint (April 18): Pupae were first observed in ca.ges
at Carbondale on April 12, and at Urbana April 14. Northern
Illinoi.s(Dos Plaines)Gfl'150 overwintering larvae in cages
c:,:Tined, 146 were alive and none had pupated; of 26 larvae
found under bark on trees in an orchaard none pupated but all
were. alive.

L. Haseman (April 24): The codling moth has wintered well
at Columbia and. began pupating in the middle of April.

R. M. Jones (April 20): The first record of puipation was made
on April 3.

M. H. Sweonk ('hirchi 1 April 15): The first pupation of
wintering larvae was observed on April 13, 5 days earlier
than in 1930, 13 days earlier than in 1929, and 25 drss
earlier than in 1928.

C. Waeland (A-ril 20): Winter mortality of the codling
moth is very light.

J. R. Eer (April): The codling moth is very abundant.
Adults are being captured in bait traps in large numbers.

EASTZiL TMTj CATPPILL\R (M-lalacosoma menricana Fab.)

H. B. Peirson (April 25): The eastern tent caterpillar is
moderately abundant at Alfred. Hatching began April 20 in
southern Maine.

P. R. Lbwry (April 11): The tent caicrpillars are hatching
and are clust, rc. on the .egg. masses at Durham. This insect
is not esDecially common this year.

H. L. Bailey (April 23): The eastern tent caterpillar is
modera-tely abundant in Central Vermont. Tents were being
formed April 21.

J. V. Schaffner, jr. (April 13): Of about 25 egg clusters
exurineK, on wild black cherry, five were hatching. Two of the
egg clusters were fairly well covered with larvae.

S. P. Felt (April 24): The eastern tent caterpillar does
not appear to be at all abundant in southwestern ITew E;] i..






-102-


New York


Maryland


Virginia





North Carolina


South Carolina


Florida


Michig-an


New York-


W. E. Britton (April 24): Fastern tent caterpillars are
scarce.

Geneva Experiment Station (April 23): The eastern tent
caterpillar i; moderately abundant in western"New York.

E. T. Cory (April 22): The apple tree tent caterpillar
appears to be quite numerous in Prince Georges and Anne
Arundel Counties.

P. D. Sanders (April 21): This insect is numerous on the
Eastern Shore, Wicomico County.

H. G-. Wa1L-r and -. E. Gould (April 22): The eastern tent
caterpillar is scarce at Norfolkl.. Larvae were observed on
April 16 on apple and also on wild cherry. The insects were
apparently in the second instar. The colonies are not so
abundant this year as last.

W. A. Thomas (April 10): Small webs of this insect are very
noticeable at Chadbourn. The larvae are later in appearing this
season as the wild cherry was much later than usual in putting
out foliage.

R. W. Leiby (April 22): Apple tree tent caterpillars are
nearly half -rown in the Piedmont section of North Carolina.
The tents appear to be present in average numbers, on apple
and wild cherry.

P. K. Harrison (March 30): The first specimens of the
eastern tont caterpillar were found this season on wild cherry.
Specimens were about one-half grown.

A. aLutklen (April 27): Eastern tent caterpillars are very
~abr.it on wild cherry;

H. T, Yernald (April 25): Apple tree tent caterpillar adults
have appeared but are not very abundant.......


PIS.OL CASE BEARER (Coleophora malivorella Riley)


E. H Pettit (April 24):. Professor Hutson ran on to the pistol
ca-.o bearer doing some injury at Muir early this week. Thisis
the first time that we have kaown this insect to be of any
consequence in this State.

FRUIT Tr--E LEAL ROLLER (Archips arg.-ospila Walk.)

Geneva Experiment Station (April 23): The fruit tree leaf
roller is locally abundant in western New York.







-103-


California


Weekly :Jews Letter, NeaJ York State College of Arsricultr-re
(April): The leaf roller b--a, hatching in the Hudson River
Valley during the last week in the month. (Abstract, J.A.H.)

E. 0. Essig (April 20): Firuit tree leaf rollers are
moderately abundant in many places.


=r-SPOTTr D BUDr::TH (Spilonota ocellana Schiff.)


New York


Massachusetts





Newv J-rsey




Pennsylvania




Georgia

Missouri



Mississippi


Nevada




Connecticut


We'-klr News Letter, lNe'7 York State College of Akriculture
(April): The first bud moths to be seen emerging_ this season
were reported from Ulster County during the third week in
April. To date but little damage has been done. (Abstract,
J.A.H.)
Geneva "Yprient Station (April 23): The bud moth is
abundant in western New York.

S1 5'APHIBS (Aphi i dae)

A. I. Bourne (April 24): Plant lice were hatching from
the 6th to the 8th of April, and were out in considerable
numbers by the 9th and 10th. This season we do not have a
very important infestation. The aphids appear to be rather
less ab': -i-",-t, if anything, than last ye'ir.

We:ly oew's Letter, Niev. Jersey State College of A-riculture
(Marci- and April): Aphidn c s during the latter part of March
w.'ere more difficult to find th usual in most orchards
throughout the State. (Abstract, J.A.H.)

J. R. Stear (April 22): Found 23 aphids on 1,106 apple
buds in the delay.-ed dormant stage. These wore either Aphis
Pnomi DeOG. or ,?-. 7l 1i, ur-'-L prunifoliae Fitch. Scircce at
Ligonier.

C. H. Alden (April 20): Fruit aphids are scarce at Cornelia.

L. Haseman (April 24): Fruit aphids are scarce at Columbia.
For some unknown reason the various s ecies of plant lice seem
to be developing more slowly thIan usual in "issouri this si"i:.

E. W. Earned and assist-.nts (April): Fruit aphids are
reported as unusually abu-dCant throughout the State.

G. G. Schweis (April 21): Fruit aphids are reported at Reno.
There is some curling on peach.

ROSY APPLE APHID (Anur,' : roses Baker)

N. ?rnc-r (April 2): -j-.-.r large apple orchards at Cheshire
had very few rosy aohid eggs.







-104-


New York


Pennsylvania


South Carolina


Ohio






Missouri


Mississippi


'; C. R. Crosby (April 24): The rosy aphid is scarce east
of the Hudson River, more abundant west of the river.

Weekly News Letter, New York State College of Agriculture
(April): The first aphids to be reported in Ulster County
were observed on April 8. By the middle of the month hatching
was quite general throughout the Lake fruit-growing area but
on the whole numbers were below normal by the 20th of the
month. Although the -rosy apple aphid was normally abundant
in the Hudson Valley early in the month, by the end of the
month this species had practically disappeared. The first
rosy apple aphid in the field Was observed in Orange County
April 9 and in Dutchess County April 10.

Geneva Experiment Station (April 23): The rosy aphid is
moderately abundant in western New York.

H. N. Worthley (April 17): Newly hatched stem-mothers began
to appear on opening apple buds April 17. Not abundant.

A. Lutken (April 27): This insect is scarce in the north-
western part of the state.

T. H. Parks (April 27): Though the blossoms are only in the
full Wpi, condition of development, a few of these aphids can
be found on apple leaves and the "curl" of the leaf already
noticed. One aphid was already mature and giving birth to
young in Lawrence County, April 23. Mr. C. H. Huff also
reports a few present at Cincinnati.

R. 11. Jones (April 20): Rosy aphids are generally scarce.

R. W. Harned and assistants (April): The rosy aphid is
attracting more attention than for a number of years in
practically all parts of the State.


APPLE APHID (Aphis pomi DeG.)


New Hampshire



Vermont




New York


P. R. Lowry (April 14): Green apple aphid stem-mothers have
been found on the tips of swollen apple buds at D>rham. Eggs
wero well distributed but not especially abundant this year.

H. L. Bailey (April 23): Observations through the western
and central part of' S t te point to a considerable
reduction in number of green apple aphid egs. No nymphs
were found in inspections April 20-22.

Weekly News Letter, Hew York State College of Agriculture
(April): The green apple aphid was quite numerous in central
New York by the middle of t-e month, and was very numerous at
that time in western New York. The first adult of this species
to be observed in Ulster County -this year was seen on April 8.






-105-


New Jersey






Wisconsin

Missouri


New York








New Jersey





Pennsylvania



Wisconsin


Virginia


Washington


Connecticut


Geneva Experiment Station (April 23): Green aphids are
scarce in western ITe'r-i York.

Weekly News Letter, l;ew Jersey. State College of Azriculture
(April): Green aphids .;ere observed in Burlinxton County.
for the first time this year on April 17, in five orchards
along the riverfront and Mooresto'.-n section, but only one
or tw.o per leafy bud, mostly near center of tree and on
sucker gro 'th of apple.

A. A. Grano-:'-s, (April 3): -r.s are moderately abun.ant.

R. M. Jones (April 20): Green aphids are generally scarce.

APPLE GPADT APHID (Ehopalosiphiun prunifoliae Fitch)

Weekly News Letter, New York State College of A;vriculture
(April): The apple grain aphid was observed to be very numerous
in MIonroe, 7ay-ne and other lake counties. As high as 10 or 12
aphids per bud were observed in some cases. This species seems
to be the pr-.dominant aphid in the Hudson River Valley. First
adults were observed in Ulster County on April 6. By the third
week in the month buds "/ere heavily infested in central and
western iew York.

Weekly iFcws Letter, 17ew Jersey State College of Agriculture
(M1arch and April): The first apple grain ai-'.ids of the season
were observed in Monmouth Countyr April 3. ggs were probably
hatching throughout northern and southern New Jersey Curing
the second week in the month.

H. IT. Worthley (April 17): Nvowly-iatched stem-mothers began
to appear on opcrning apple buds April 15, at State College.
Not abundant.

A. A. Granovsky (April 3): 2I-s of this insect are moderately
abundant.

WOOLLY APPLE AP:IID (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm.)

11. G. 7alkcr and G. E. Gould (April -_): The woolly aphid
is moderately abundant at Norfolk.

M. A. Others (April I): Owing to unustially mild winter
temperatures great numbers of aphids have survived on the
%ranches and trunks of apple trees. Colonies were as numerous
and flourishing in March as they were by July last year,
at Wonatchee.

APPLE LZA7T:0?rS (Cicadellidae)

W. 3. Britton (April 24): Apple leafhoppers -._e very
U::-1-nt and eg-s are abun-ant.
~~~~ n ,:.





-4106-


Kentuc1ky


Ohio


Missouri


Ohio


Mi s souri


California:


W. A. Price (April 32): Leaf opuers -re verr abundant
in central and western Kentucky, resulting in much spotting
of the leaves on aole.

H. I. Parks (April 27): Adaults (2*rythroneura obliqua
Say) overwintered and are now qiite abundant in some orchards
in Ohio River Counties. Observations were made in Hamilton,
Clermont and Lawrrence Cou-nties.

R. !1. Jones (April 20): Apple leafhoppers are moderately
abundant.

L. Baseman (April 24): Apple leafhoppers are very abundant
at Columbia. Growers are much worried aboiit their abundance.

APPLE 7LaA W.7`VIL (Orchestes pallicornis Say)

T. I. Parks (April 25): The apple .':lea weevil in Zentral
and southern cou-.ti-e's. is now, quite numerous on trees in some
orchards. There appears to be serious damage ahead in some
orchards. This insect has increased..greatly' during 1930
after being brought under control by a parasite in 1929. The
infestation is spotted in-central and southern counties.

APrL: T.7UG BORER (Amphic ru. s bicaudatus Say)

L. H:aseman (April 24): About the 15th of April a heavy
swarm of '.e cane b'orer,beetles was reported at Tipton.
It was reported- that the air was simply alive "'with them
and they collected in such numbers on the gasoline hose at
a filling station as to. completely oov-er, te hose.

A 17.7VIL (Stamroderes uniforms Csy. )

'S. Loclr'ood '(April 7)- On the 28th of bMarch Hr. 0. 3.
Brenmer, Agricultural Commissioner of Sonoma County, and
I found this weevil, in abundance in one orchard of"
Gravenstein, apples. Banding of the trees, had eept them
from attacking the buds, but it w;as very easy to find two
to ten pairs of weevils below the bands. On the sucker
growth, not protected, the buds were all destroyed.


A "7TD7!L (Stmoderes sotulosus L,c. )


California


A. C. Davis (April 3): The beetles wore attacking newly
set avocado trees, eating ouat the le.if -.bds .and growing tips.
This orchard of avocado is upou-, nev'wly cleared land at Laguna.
Found 1 to 3 per tree. (Det. by ". C. Van DLyke.)


SANT JOS. SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.)


Vermont


II. L. Bailoy (April 23): The 'Sah Jose scale is scarce.
Scattering infestations in' Charlotte. and Chittenden Counties.





-107-


Georgia


Alabama


Vermont


Connecticut





New York







New Jersey


0. I. Snapp (April 3): The percentage of dead scales on
unspra-Ted peach trers 'as increased urint7 the spring month.s.
It is nowv 25.5. On January 6, 1931, it was only 8.4 per
cent and or0- Dctcenror 3,19-0, it was onTl (.7 per cent at
Fort Valley.

G. A. RTanncr (March 1-31): The San Jose scale is more
abunCant or. apple an.d peach than in the previous 7-ear.

1. Jaques (April 24): -... San Jose scale is moderately
abundant in Grundy and Cass Counties.
J. it. Robinson (April 20): The San Jose scale is moderately
abundant at Auburn.

ElP.OF?42T ?ED MITE (Paratetranx-chIs pilosuzs C. & F.)

H. L. Bailey (April 23): 7uaropean red mite eggs were found
wherever inspections were ma.e in the State. Inspections
were in Washington, Orange, Ch'ittenden, Addison, Rutland, and
Windsor Counties. The mite was on old, unca.red-for trees as
well as on young orchlard -trees. In a few cases infestation
was heavy, however. Apparently mites had not b(;.-zu hatchin;
April 22.

N. Turner (April 9): One large appale orchard lad a larger
n=naber of eg-s than last season, apparently l about twice as
m.n-. Other v.rell-spra'-ed orchards had few at C.heshire.
This mite appears to be :noder.tel: aburndant at leriden
according to Dr. Garman's observations.

Week ly News Letter, New Yorkl: State College of Agriculture
(April): On April 7 in the northern end of Cauga County a
very few red mite eg hatching of the xro-'eano red spider was received from Ulster
County on April 22. As a whole tLis insect is not being
reported as unusually abu::d:.i-t so far this season. (Abstract
J.A.H.)

Weekly News Letter, New Jersey State College of Agriculture
(March and April): Although man-, counties report but little
infestation by the red mite it is believed that this pest
occurs in sufficient numbers to require 'rin'nr in nan"I
orchards. (Abstract J.A.H.)




PZ0.C' 1 1.7. 07 (Aq-cr ?. exitb sa S a,)

T. H. Par':s (April 27): Attacks b'" the peach tree borer are
causing much concern on the part of the -rowers in the State



,-vrv PLAN Q. AR












Missouri


Alab-na


Georgia


ITew Jersey



Virginia



South Carolina


Georgia



















Tennessee


..102-

this spring. Complaint? are more numerous than -ausal at this
time of year. iMan; trees havc been seriously injured. Some
growers -Till uso tic para !iclorobonzene treatment ne:t month.

L. Haseman (April 234)': The peach borer is very ab-nidan-t in
central Missouri.

J. M. Robinson (April 20): The peach borer is moderately
abundant at Aouburn.

L3SSR PILCH BORER (Sesia pictipcs G. & R.

0. I. Snapp (April 3): Adalts of the lesser peach borer
are now on the wing. Hale and female moths were captured
toda3 in peach orchards.


ORT-I'TAL 2RLUIT "OTH (L-,spe"resia molest Buscl.)


J. Gry (March): r-mi .tion wa's made of trees for over-
wintering mpupae. Some live pupae were found but mortality
in the Moorestown area a-Dears to be fairly heavv on the whole.

W. J. Schoene (April 14): M:r. L. R. Cagle found adults of
the peach moth in orchardIs near Roanoke on April 14. The
Elberta peaches were in full bloom on this date.

A. Lutken (April 27): AdA.lts of the oriental fruLit moth
emerged April 8 in the northwestern part of the state.

B. A. Porter (April 27): The first springm-brood oriental
fruit moths were captured in bbait traps on April 10 at Cornelia.
The condition of the egzs in the females'- -captured on this and
the following day indicated that emergence bean in the
orchards on April 9. The over;,intering brood is extremely
small. The- firstt oriont fruit moth twig injury appeared
April 25.

C. H. Alden (April 20): The oriental fruit moths are
emo-rging in moderate abundance but there is no twig injury
yet at Cornelia.

0. I. Snapp (April 20): io twig' injury hs been observed at
Fort Valley to date.

17. H. Clarhe (April 8):. The first adult of the overwintering
broods emerged in the insectar- April 8, .t Thomaston.

K. G. Butler (April 1): The insectary stocl: of overwintering
larvae at Harriman came through the V winter with vert.,r little loss.
ITone of the larvae of this stocl: ave pup-ated at this time.





M109-


fli ss5ss5j.r,!


R. W. Far7'-.ed and assistants {April): The oriental fruit moth
is reported as moderately abundant throughout the fruit--rowing
sections of the State. (Abstract J.A.H.)


PILU1 CURCULIO (Conotrachelus n2nuph-' -rbst.)


New Jersey



Virginia





North Carolina



South Caroll..a


Georgia


Weekly News Letter,- New Jersey State College of Agriculture
(April 21): A few curculios have been observed in Gloucester
County.

W. J. Schoene (Aoril 14): Mr. L. R. Cagle found adult
plum curculios in orchards near Roanoke on April 14 and Mr.
A. M. Woodside captured plum curculios in peach orchards at
Crozet on the s' '--.day by jarring. Thc Elberta peaches were in
full bloom on this date at both places.

R. W. Leiby (April 8): The first adults were jarred from
,'each trees at Southern Pines on April 3. This date is ten
days later than for the season 1930.

A. Lutken (April 27): This insect .-mergred from hibernation
April 13 in the northwestern part of the State.

W7. H. Clarke (April); ,) Previous to April 4 only three
adult curculios had been caught on jar.rin fraries at T--.: -zton.
On that day 35 adults were cau aht in less than tvo hours of
jarring. April 9: The emer-cnce of the plum. curculio from
hibernation has steadily increased since the 4th. The number
of curculios being caught by jarring is much smaller than last
year. Fcedinc and .ating have been recorded in the insectary,
the first matinee being notcd on April 7. 1'7 eg- have been
found.

0. I. Snapp (April 11): The first eg; of the season was
found at Fort Valley today. Oviposition is startinT later
than last year .vhich was considered ]ate. (April 20): Adults
are now all out of hibernation at Fort Valley and are
distributed' throi:'.hout orchards. They were about one month
later than usual leaving- hibernation, and the period of
cmerge-.ce from hibernation was of short duration. The
population in the field at present is much lighter than at
this time last year, and we are not anticipating serious
damage from this insect this -e-.r. The unfavorable conditions
during the 1930 puapation season, the excellent 7pr2:'ing se-son
last year, and an unusual amount of jarring of trots are factors
which reduced the. curculio population. Ad:ults bt-*.n to appear
in pei.ch orch'irds at Fort Valley in numbers April 4. In one
locality we took 87 from 5 trees. Only an occasional single
individual was found previous, to tills date, as 'ollows: March
26, 2; March 28, 1; April 2, 1; April 3, 6. Evidently they are
just be=-in::irgc to leave their winter quarters as a result of the






-110-


Florida


Kentucky



Illinois



Tennessee




Alabama


Mississippi


Mississippi


Now Jersey'


high temperatures recorded during the'liast several days.
They ars 1,iter lc:!ving hibernation this year than during
any of the 1ast 11 years. L-st year thcy began to leave
hibernation in numbers on ?!,.rch- 17, and that was considered
late. Year before last they began to leave hibernation the
first week in March. *The curculio should not cause a great
amount of damage this year. It is very doubtful if there will
be any second generation.

C. H. Alden (April 20): The first beetles of the plum
curculio were caught April 14. They are scarce at Cornelia
and moderately abundant at Thomaston.

J. R. Watson (Ar-il 21): The pluom curculio is scarce for
this date. Weather is too cool for rapid development.

W. A. Price (April 22): The plum cu-rculio's first emergence
record in the State this year was obtained at Henderson on
April 15.

W.- P. Flint (April 18): Firs't plum curculio jarred on
April 14 in unsprayed, neglected orchard at Carbondale. None
found to date in sprayed orchards.

H. G. Butler (April 1): No emerging plum curculio adults
have yet been taken by jarring trees near timber in the
vicinity of Harriman. Five to ten per cent of the peach buds
have opened by this time.

J. M. Robinson (April 20): The plum curculio is moderately
abundant at Auburn.

R. WT. Harned and assistants (April): The pluP curculio is
not reported as unusually abundant as yet from any part of
the State.

A PZTTAT0MID 3UC- (Brochm-T.ena ua-dri-ustulata Fab.)

R. 77. Harned (April 27): On April 22 rT. D. Peets sent to
us ziats collected in a peach, orchard at Brookhaven. He wrote:
"Two ears ago I think these insects were the cause of scars
and deformed peaches. At othe present time I noticed more on
pecan trees than on pnches." He indicated that the
infestation was light.

'GREMT PEMCE AP-HID (Myzus persicac Suls.)

Weekly News Letter, JTew Jersey State College of '.Agriculture.
(March and April): Peach aphids may be found'in larger numbers
than usual from indications of riatcrial brought 'into the green-
houses during the winter. (Abstract J.A.H.)





-111-


1aFs 7chusetts





:ew York












New Jersey


Nc v York


A. I. Bourne (April 24): The pear psylln ogzs were bein
deposited about the 10th of April. This was the date E'en
they were first observed in the Collee blocks although
the warm weather during the preceding week ha.d brought out
many hibernating psyllas on the pear branches.
W:e-:lT News Letter, Te"" York State Collece of A.riculture
(April): The pe'-r ps'lla began ovipositing in the le'-er
Hudson River ValTey du.rin.- the last week in March. Adverse
weather, however, cuit down eg-' la-ing during tihe first week in
April, and althou-h large n'u.ibers of the adults were observed,
practically no eg-s were seen during the week. During the
second week eg-g l.-ing became hevy in this region, while in
western LTew York the psy-llas -.:cre ju~t startingt to emerge.
During the second wcek in April eg. laying was observed to be
quite general in ,Tiagara County. arin the last week of the
month h'atching ws quiite general in the Hudson River Valley and
.- laying quite prevalent in western ,Tew York. (Abstract J.A.H.)

Weekly ITe;s Letter, YTew. Jerse,, State Colle :e of A.riculture
(April 14): The pear psylla ,a ? been active during the week
and large numbers of eg::s have bee:-. observed. (Abstract J.A.H.)

PEAR ,1DGE (Contarinia pyrivora Rile)

Weekly Tewvs Letter, Iow York State Collc, c of A7riculture
(April): Adults of the p'ar nid-e e:.ergc' in lar';e n=x.bers
during the last weeh of April, necessitating spraying in the
Hudson River Valley. (Abstract J.A.H. )


3LACK CHR.Y -APKID (z-us crasi Fab.)


ITewv York


'Weekly IT 'ews Letter, iTew Yorh State Collce of Ariculture
(April): The black cherry aphid .'". reportecC quitc i-t.-.crally
during the first half of the nonth in the Hudson Rivecr Valley.
(Abstract J.A.H.)


P.USTY PLUMK A>ID (H- troneu.ra setariae T' os.)


GeCorgia


W. F. Turner (April 14): The ru.sty brown plu aphid is
showing up abundantly a 3ai:. this -: on Prunus hortulan a at
Fort Valley. To date we h:avenft seen it on an- other species
of peach, plum, or apricot although the infested trees are
s-1rrounded by other species.


7F=-. PSYLLA (Ps:-lli27 irco1,7 Foerst.-)






-112-


MIississippi


0. I. Snapp (April 9): Heavy infestation in: a commercial
plum orchard at Rochelle. (April 16.).: ,Anothicr -eavy
infestation on pli-m trees at 'mericas.

R. W. Harned'(April): The rusty pl=u aph.id is reported
as very Unusually abundant from practically all parts of the
State.


LASPB=RRY

lASTB-rcY C '-. i'IC-OT (Phorbia rubivora Coo. )


ITew York


Weekly News Letter, NTew York State College of Agriculture
(April): About 25 per cent of the canes were killed in
plantin.7 by the raspberry cane maggot. (Abstract J.A.E. )


GRAP3 LLFAHO? (:rythro neura comes Say)


Ohio


Utah


California


Ohio


G. A. Runner (March 1-31): Overwintering brood abundant in
all vineyards visited at Sandusky. 'Owing to eavy. infestation
late in season, last year, and very favorable conditions for
overwintering, these insects are more abundant than in the
spring of 1930.

G. F. Knovwlton (April I): Grape .leaf hoppers are beginning
to ap.c.r on Virginia creeper at Salt Las:ke City.'

E. 0. Essig (April 20):- Grape leafhoppers are the most
abundant ever known in the San Joaquin Valley. Hibernating
adults are doing ramuch damage.

S. Lock!vood (April 18): You will be interested to learn
that the grape leafhopper in..the, San Joaquin Valley is now
more abundant than earlier reports and surveys seemed to
indicate. Many of the smaller leaves, now about a quarter of
their full size, have been so damaged that they have turned
crisp and brown. This refers to the middle part of the San
Joaquin Valley, especially, though almost the entire area is
supporting a far larger than normal population.

GRAPE FLEA BEETLE (Haltica c:.!l-:e?, 111.5

E. W. MIendenhall (April 18): The grape buds are being
attacked and destroyed by the grapevine flea-beetle at Bethel
and vicinity in Clermont County. Imediate spraying with
lead arsenateis necessary.






-113-


Missouri


Arlansas





Ohio













Al aIba.a


Mi s si s sippi


Mississippi


R. 1. Jones (Aril 20): Several fr .it -ro'-.:'ers report
moderate infesta.tio is of' t-e -rrape flea-beetle.

D. Isely (April '25):' The T-rapevin( flea beetles '>ave
been unusually injurious to svcllin'- -rapo buds in nor t :hest
Aranaas.

GRA-2 B=R:Y ,,.OT (l.r-chrosis vitean.. Cleu. )

G. A. Runner (March 1-31). ,arxin.tions of overwinterod
rmateria.l shoe szirv:iva! of pur e to be .b',out nor2.',-, at
San ._s '-. ITo e;:ct counts '-ere <.aCLe of .iateria.l ep)t in
vine,-ar.ls. In t octr: practcally or.t-of-door conditions
prevail; one lot of cocoons prctecte' ,'iti" a li":l;t coverin-
of '-ra.,e leaves (120 cocoons) shor:ed survival of about 70
per cent.


r3_'CA:T

H:ICKoY S_:'UCE W'0OI (Larpe-.-resia car'-ana ?itci)

J. 1. Robinson (April 20): Pecan s' -c1: '7or moths em.errinp
at Auburn April 20.

PECA.T CASE 3E1'=7 (Acrobasis ju-landis Le-3.)

J. P. Kisla2--o (April 20): April 11. T"-e pecarn leaf case-
bearers are moderately ,ourdant in the vicinity of 7i- -ins,
Stone Co'nt, an are now feoi:, on tie :ou" : ro'thof
pecans.

E. Dietrich (April 21): The pnca n leaf case-'e.rer is
nodoratcly- abundant on pecans at lucedale.

R. TW. :i.ar-_ed (April 27): On April 2.2 Inspetor R. P.
Colmer reported very severe d.':-o/-e to 2 pecan orc 2r :near
t'e city- limits of ..sca- '- 'l, b- cas--bearers. SIPciu-enz
sent to this office 'ere tcntat'--- i'eenti"ed b. J. !.
Lan.-ston as leaf cas.-boarozer,. On April 21 aItor Lc"iv,
Pasca oula, sent specin-cns- '-:ith e 7.ifor.,tion t'.at a .ood
many trees in that section were covered With th'e c'e-beaoe-r;
in fact, "nore th-an ver before.

?LAT-'-3.'J:'3 APPL3E. 30.-.- (Cirysobotlris fe::orata 0liv. )

J. P. Kislan:ro (April 20). T1e fla.t-headed a-pJ.' tree borer is
qu-ite abundant on yolm.n, poc', trees '.ar .axic, Stone Co'unt.

Mississippi State Plant Board, Press Rel-ose (April 27): Injury
front the flat-headed ao le tree boror -, r ,oeorted on -oun. oecans
in Forrest Count- and on recently 1pruncd pecan orchards in 3--s
County.






-114-


,.Mississippi


BIACKP ,CAUT Al:ID (_$zocallis fmniponnollus Fitch)

J. P. islarzo (Apiril 20): 0n April 11 the blUack pecan
aphid st. T-'notheors .'ro observed to asCTne their late forn.
(Stone County.) ,


OBSCU72, SCALE (C.rb-so.p.-'.s obsc-auruas Cornst.)


Louisiana


H. B%:er (March:): Bel-o':. normal te:.oratu.--res for March
hsivc delayed normal development, a!nd while a fewr sp)ecimens had
comiLienced the completion of th-e final nolt by tChe first of
March, a.ppreciable nw:nbcrs did not be'in this dcvelopnent
until the middle of Mlarch. A few specimens reached the adult
sta?-e before the end of the month anid a few adi'Jlt males emerged
durin'7 the last few daws of th.e month. Developrient at the end
of the month was about two weeks behind that for the saae
period in 1930. rrospaltella fusciren:is Gir. (parasite)
;2hich omer.es in snail nlubers duri:.- the entire year, has
continued e..ergence in slightly increased numbers. D-arin.'
the later d-.ys of 7March a few s-ecir.ens of two other species
(yet undetermined) oeerged.


=lRO .IT, FTLTIT L2CAI,'!IM. (Lecanii-ir. corni Bou"he)


Mi ssissipp'i


H. Diotrich (April 21): Lecaniu. corni is very abundant
on waterr oak" near Lucedale, anrd present -cnerally, but not
in large numbers on pecans.


CITRUS

G7E7'1T CITJJS AT:;ID (Apis spiraecola Patch)


Florida


Mississippi


Texas


J. 2. Watson (April 21): ?olia-e on the oran-e and -,rapefruit
trees has matured to an extent where it is out of danger of
aphids. Comparatively little con':,orcial dam:mae has been done
this 7ear. The infestation on tanerines is rather heavy and
some cori-ercial d'.-,ar'e may result. The Syrphus fly predator
(Syrphus wviedenanni Johns.) hies been unusually abundant this
,-car, but another Syrphus l'.- which is usually 7 abundant at
this season of the year, Baccha clavata/ has been unusually
scarce. a.

H. T. Fernald (April 25): Scarce in Oranme Count:y on citrus
except on tanc erines.

I. W. -yarned (April 23): Specimens of Aphis spiraccola
on spirea were received from Brookcsville, April 12.


A CITUJJS Aj:ID (Aphiidae)


E. Mortensen (March 28): Citrus ap-id's are very injurious
at Winter 7:aven.





-115-


Florida


Loui siana


Mississippi





Alaboa-.a


11 ississippi.


CITMUS 7v:IT3'LY (Dialeurodes citri Aslui. )

J. R. Watson (April 21): The citrus viwhitefly is -oderately
abundant. -!vOi eeiein,,I.

H. T. Fernald (April'25): The citrus ,Thitefly is moderately y
aL';..- .it in orange Cou-nty,. :uX--i doinO- 2ood wor:.

W. E. ::inds (April 23): T-ie citrns 'h-,it ef.l. is very
a'.i:.T..it on satsr.mas and rivets in Baton _o-u-.;e.

W. K. :arn.ed and assistants (April): T2-e citru-s v.7hitefl,
althou-;h reporte-. from practically the southern half of the
State, is attraction_ attention only in the southern halef.

PJJ'LE SCALS (Le 2 idosaphes beckiil' eewn.)

J. M. PToobinson (April 20): Te p.lrple scale is moderately
abundant at Sprinr :Hill.
Th. i. Harned and assistants (April): The ':.rple scale is
bein7 reported as moderately abundant fror. the southern third
of the State.


FLO.7IDA L3D SCALE (Chrysonfphalus ficu's Ash..)


Florida


Mississippi


Tlorida


H. T. Fernald (April 23): The Florida red scale is from
moderately to very abundant. Shore abundant than last year
in Orange County.

J. R. Watson (April 21): The Florida red scale is moderately
ab:unrant. Crawlers are 'ejinnin.- to appear in nu.bers.

SOFT SCALr (Coccus hesperidun L.)

J. Milton (April 20): T::e soft brown scale was found to be
abundant on oleander at Corinth on April 17.

H. Dietrich (April 21): Present in sm-iall numbers on satsuna
at Lucedale.

SIX-SPOTT =-ITZ (Tetranychus semaculatus "iley)

J. 1. Watson (April 21): The outstanding : event in the line
of insect attacks on citrus durir the past month has been a
heavy outbreak of the six-spotted nite. It seems to be --enieral
over the entire citrus belt. Sone defoliation has resulted
where sprainn' has been no- lectod. The zrirr has been
unusually wet and cool, which nales the outbreak: of this mite
rather sur-risin,;.




S .,"


-116-

TRUCK- CROP INSECTS

VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes obligquus Gyll.)


Mississippi


Virginia




Florida



Illinois


Kentucky


Louisiana


Mississippi


R. W. Harned (April 23): Severe injury to mmustard and
rape was reported from Richton on March 25. Severe injury
to turnips was reported from Hattiesburg on March 27, from
Meridian on April 1, and from Polkville on April 1.6. A
correspondent.at Magee reported injury to cabbage on April
1. Severe injury to tomato plants was reported from Brook-
haven on April 13, from Fayette on April 15, and from Hazel-
hurst on April 17. A. correspondent at Liberty, Miss. sent
to this office on April 21 specimens of the vegetable weevil,
rListroderes obliquus, with the information that they were
"ruining Irish potatoes."

Mississippi State Plant Board, Press Release (April 27):
The vegetable weevil, which caused very severe damage earlier
in the spring, continued its destruction through the greater
part of April.. At McComb this insect destroyed stands of
Irish potatoes, while in Copiah and Lincoln Counties, carrots,
tomatoes, and turnips were badly damaged. Complaints of seri-
ous injury from this pest were also received from Laurel,
Natchez, and other places.

STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica vittata Fab.)

H. G. Walker (April 22): The first adults observed this
season were found on broccoli by Mr. L. W. Brannon on April 14.
Cucumbers have not been planted in the field in the Norfolk
region.

J. R. Watson (April 21): The striped cucumber beetle is very
abunda-it in the 2verglades, scarce in western Florida and absent
in central Florida.

W. P. Flint (April 20): The first adult was found April 15.

U. A. Price (April 22): Several specimens were found at
Lexington on April 22.

W. E. Hinds (April 23): The striped cucumber beetle is scarce
at Baton Rouge. '

R. WV. Harned and assistants (April): The striped cucumber
beetle is reported as unusually abundant from the east-central
part o.f the State. (Abstract J.A.H,)

Mississippi State Plant Board Press Release (April 13):
Striped cucumber beetles are already appearing on melons in
southern Mississippi and may cause serious damage.










Virl ia


North Carolina


South Carolina


Florida


Illinois


Kentucky


Alabama


Mississi-pni


Louisiana


Oregon


-117-


SPOTTED CUCU3R3 BTLS (Diabrotica duodecim-nunctata Fab.)

H. G. '"!1-er (April 22): The first adults observed this
season at Norfoll were found feeding on spinach on April 3.
These beetles have been scarce in the 1:orfolk region so far
this season.

C. R. Willey (April 24): Mr. French reports finding a
single adult in narcissus blossom on April 14 in Gloucester
County. iThile I found none myself this year I have seen
them other years during narcissus inspection at blooming
time, which has been around the last of March and first of
April.

Z. P. Metcalf (April 21): The beetle is very abundant on
peach, eating foliage, at Hamlct.

A. Lutken (April 27): The spotte, cucumber beetle is
scarce.

J. R. ,:atson (.April 21): The spotted cucumber beetle is
moderately abundant.

7. P. Flint (Anril 20): The first adult was found -April 15.

W. A. Price (A-oril 22): To date we have not found the
spotted cucumber beetle.

J. M. Robinson (April 20): The southern corn root worm is
moderately abundant in Auburn and Alexander City.

Mississipnni State Plant Board, Press Release (April 27):
The 12-spotted cucuKber beetle was present in large numbers
in George County, attacinv' watermelons chiefly, but also in-
juring tu-rnips, cucumbers, and beans. Several other places
also re-oorted damage.

W. H. Hinds (Anril 23): Larvae were doing considerable
damage to corn at Eaton Rouje from about the lOth. of April on.

WEST,,J SPOTTED CUCLT E3 S2 TL3 (Diabrotica soror L.)

T. R. Chamberlin (March 31): The first e,'.s from D. soror
were obtained on '!,,rch 10, from beetles collected in the
field on 'larch 2 in ?-rest Grove and vicinity. Ko c.-s were
found in the field in March althou-gh many females collected
during the month se-emed quite r.,-r for oviposition. Heavy
rains during; the last of i.rch have, however, hindered ex-
tended searches for c-;- in the field. 7Jc have no records
to date of any fields of seedling clover in the vicinity
which have been destroyed by feedin.- of the beetles, but
severe inroads have been made upon several and the final ef-
fect is yet in doubt.







-118-


California


Mississippi


Virginia





North Carolina



South Carolina



Florida


Kansas


Alabama


Mi s sis sippi


V
Louisiana


Texas


S. Lockwood. (April 18): Information has just come to us
.that the beetle Diabrotica soror, I presume, has been resp-oon-
sible for considerable damage to melons around Dos Palos..

A FLMA BEETLE (Phyllotreta vittata "discedens Horn)

SR. '7. Harned (April 23): Flea beetles identified by J. M.
Langst.on',. ere reported as causing some injury to turnips at
Pascagoula on April 8.


POTATO

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say)

H. G. Walker (April 22): Beetles vvere found on volunteer
potatoes near Drivers, on April 23. At present they are
quite numerous on potato plants just coming through the
ground at the Virginia Truck Expoeriment Station. The first
eggs were found on April 22 by Mr. G. E. Gould.

W. A. Thomas (April 15): Adults are unusually abundant on
potatoes at Chadbourne this season and have just begun ovi-
positing on the foliage.

P. K. Harrison (April 18), First specimens of the season'
were collected today on Irish potato on the laboratory grounds
at Fairfax.

J. R. Watson (April 21): There is quite a heavy infesta-
tion as far south as Alachua County.

H. R. Bryson (April 23); The Colorado potato beetle is
moderately abundant at Manhattan.

J. M.- Robinson (April 20): The Colorado potato beetle is
moderately abundant in Auburn.

R. W. Harned and assistants (April): The Colorado potato
beetle is very abundant in the northern part of the State and
moderately abundant over the' remainder of the State.

E7. 3. Hinds (April 23): The Colorado potato beetle is
scarce at Baton Rouge.

F. L. Thomas (April 10): First appearance this season of
potato beetle in vicinity of Alto Lorma attacking potatoes.
(April 20): The Colorado potato beetle is scarce at College
Station; only two adults have been seen.






-119-


TOBACCO FL=.- ETL: (33-itrix narvula Fab.)


North Carolina



Mississippi


Virginia


North Carolina


South Carolina


'7. A. Thomas (April 15): This insect was observed heavily
infesting young potato plants near the laboratory at Chad-
bourn. The foliage is badly punctured.

R. W. Harned (Anril 23): Flea beetles were reported on
March 25 as causing injury to Irish potatoes at Wiggins.

SULD CORY MAGGOT (Hylemyia cilicrura Rond.)

H. G. Walker and G. E. Gould (April 22): The seed corn
maggot is moderately abundant at Norfolk.

17W. J. Reid, Jr. (April 22): The seed corn maggot has not
been so serious a p-est of newly planted seed potatoes in
Pamlico County this season as in the average spring. Good
to excellent plant stands are bein, obtained in the commer-
cial plantings. (April 18): An unusually destructive in-
festation, of potato seed pieces by the seed corn maggot oc-
curred in the experimental plots at the Chadbourn field
laboratory. On one plot a plant stand of only 61 -er cent was
obtained, the missing hills being due chiefly to the insect
Injury. The heavy infestation is attributed to the use of
large quantities of organic fertilizers and to the failure of
the cut surfaces of the potato seed pieces to form a rrotect-
ive cork layer. A Fusarium decay attacked the cut surfaces
of the seed and was followed by the seed-corn-maggot injury.
The insect apparently hastened the spread of the fungus or-
ganism. The greater -art of the larvae feeling on the seed
potatoes occuned between March 15 and A'ril 15. At the
present date most of the maggots have left the seed and pu-
Dated nearby in the soil.. Adults are very abundant in the
field. A later planting of potatoes in an adjoinuin- field
has also been attacked. The outcome of this infestation is
uncertain at the -resent. As m'.-rny as 55 larvae were found
feeding on one seed nicce on April 18. These s-ecimens are
evidently of a second spring brood.

C. H. Brannon (April 20): The seed corn mrawY-ot is caus-
ing widespread damage to sprouting snar beans.

7. J. Reid, Jr. (April 6): The seed corn maggot has ap-
parently not been so destructive as usual to potato seed
pieces near Charleston this season. Good to excellent
plant stands aro beinc obtained. Observattions of the writer
indicate that the lar".} populationn of the insect is con-
sidcerably below norril.1. Thi- condition is attributed to
prolonged cold, 7indy reathcr during the z.u:-il oviposition
period of the insect, and a scarcity of suitable larval
food. Partly decayed or;'.nic matter in the soil constitutes







-120-


the chief food of the larvae./ Unusually dry soil conditions
during February and March resulted in very little decay of
the organic matter in' the soils at Charleston.

F. L. Thomas (April 20): The seed corn maggot is very
abundant in six counties in western Texas. April 10-16: Re-
ported causing, injury' to garden peas in Coleman County,, to
beans and corn-.i n-Shackelf'or-d County, and to corn in Knox,
Concho, T:.--n Green, and Runnels Counties.

CABBAGE WEBWCORM (Hellula undalis Fab .)


Mississippi


Virginia










Missi ssi-pi





Alabama


North Carolina


H. Diet.riqh ,(April 21): The imported cabbage webworm has
again become very abundant on turnip greens at Lucedale so
that the ,cannery 'ad to:. suspend operations;.

*. GREM.T P2".CH APHID (Myzus .ersicae. Sulz.)

G. 1. Gould (%1ril 22): The spinach aphid has been unusual-
ly abundant on spinach at Norfolk this. spring. The fungus
Entomo-!hthora a-nha.dis. Hoff. has also b6cn. abundant and around
Anril 5 had killed about 75 percentt of the.aphids. Large
quantities of spinach harvested at.this time were rejected
for ship-ent because of the leaves being. plastered with live
and dead a-hids.. Spinach harvested from April 10 to 20 was in i,.."
much better shape, although the aphids were still abundant.
Eggplants in the. gre,.nhouse -and coldframes also have heavy
infestations.

H. Dietrich (April 21):. The spinach aphid has been very
abundant on tomato plants .in the hot bed .-t Lucedale since
early Apri .. .
_NORTHRT MOLE CRICKET (Gryllotalpa hexadactyla Perty)

J. M. Robinson (Aprii) 20): The mole cricket is moderately
abundant on vegetables at Sampson.


CAB3AG:. .. -

IMPORTED CA3BaGE WORM (Pieris raae L.)

7.' A. Thomas (April 16): 1or the past few, days' adults
have been observed in abundance in a cabbage field near the
laboratory at Chadbourn. No larvae are yet in evidence.


South Carolina P. K. Harrison (A-ril 2): The first s-iecimens of the season
S ,: have been collected in home gardens at Fairfax.


Texas






-121-


Kentuclkcy -


South Dakota


Missouri





Mi ssi ssip-i



Nebraska


North Carolina


J7. A. Price (A-ril 22): Adults were collected at Lexing-
ton A-7ril 18.

H. C. Severin (A"'ril 22): Adults were seen for the first
time A.,.-ril 13, at Brookings.

L. Hr.sem-In (A-.ril 24): During the warm days in the fore
rart of A--ril cabbage butterflies ar-earcd in great numbers
over lawns and fields at Columbia, but following the cool
sell throughout the latter -'art of A-ril they have been
little in evidence.

G. L. Bond (A-ril 18): The imported cabbage worm is be-
coming rather abundant in some fields in the vicinity of
Laurel.

M. H. Swn-nk (Anril 8): The first i-n-ortcd cabbage butter-
flies were observed flyin: at Lincoln Anril 8. (D. 3.
'Jhelan.)

DI)I"MO5-3ACK :'0T: (Plutella maculi-)onnis Curt.)

J. P. Kisl-:,.nk (A',ril 20): The moths were observed in
large numbers at "Jiggins at the light trans on A-.ril 19.

H. Dietrich (A-mril 21): Larv-ae and adults arc very com-
mon on turnips and mustard greens in gardens at Lucedalc.

'7. A. Them s (Anril 22): Last week: adults were very abund-
ant in a nearby cabbage field at Ch-dbourn and today it was
observed that a rather large monulation of l1,r'.'ic were at-
tacking the -lants.


CAB3AIG APTHID (Brevicoryne brassicae L.)


Virginia







North Carolina


South Carolina


G. 3. Gould (A-ril 22): The cabbage a-fhid is exceedingly
abundant on kale and broccoli at Norfolk and is causing
7 .ic]h damage to -lants left for seed. All cruciferous crors
are infested, but not so severely as kale and broccoli,
which have had a-ihids on the- since last October. A. hyne-
no-'terous parasite is common in thc fields and is aiding
to check the a-hids.

1{. A. Thomas (A'ril 6): There has been a scarcity of this
insect near Chadbourn this season, most cruciferous plants
having been entirely free of anhids until recently and on
this date the infestation is light.

A. Lutken (A-ril 27): Cabbace a-hids are abundant.






-122-


Mississippi


rI. W17. Harned and assistants (April): Tle cabba-e aphid
was reported on cabbage from Tupelo, Lee 'County., in April,
and on collards from Ocean Springs, Jackson County, on April
9, and was very abundant on the flowerin, part of collards
and on mustards in Stone and Forrest Counties on April 1.


ILATLEQUIT BUG (ur,-antia histrionica Hahn)


Virginia




NTorth Carolina





Florida

Alabama


Mississippi


SH.'G. Walker (April 22): The first harlequin Sabbage burs
observed this season at Norfolk were founti feeding on kale
,and broccoli on April" 9. These insects are quite abundant
this spring.

S.W. A. Thomas (April 21): The first specimens. of the
harlequin bu,g were observed on the flower stems.of turnips
at Chadbourn. Ordinarily these plants wold have been heavily
infested at this season of the year, but for some reason
there is a scarcity of this species this season.

J. -i. Watson (April 21): The harlequin bug is scarce.

J. M. Robinson (April 20): The harlequin bug is very
abundant on turnips, kale,and collards at Auburn and Seal.

IL W. Harned and assistants (April): The harlequin bug is
appearing in very lar.7e numbers over the southern half of the
State but is still comparatively scarce over the northern
third of the State.


STTaYIL Y (Att

ST5A17B3=y 17V1IL (Anthononus si-natus Say)


lTorth Carolina





Alabama




ITorth Carolina


W. A. Thomas (April 15): The strawberry weevil emerged
nearly two weeks later than usual owing to cold spring weather,
but is now extremely active over practically all the strawberry
growing area in North Carolina. The injury is much more wide-
spread this season than usual.

J. M. obinson (April 20): The strawberry weevil adults
were reported active at Planton and Jemison.

LESSML COmT STALK BO"LL (ElasmopalpTs lignosellus Zell.)

V7. A. Thomas (April 13): The lesser corn stalk borer is
doing serious d'a,'-Le to first-year strawberries near Chadbourn.
The outer leaves are usually attacked first and later the
fruit, stems, and crown are destroyed. This, insect usually
appears in late July and" Au:'Ust, when considerable damage is
done, but it. has never before been observed in this area,
injuring strawberries this early in the spring.






.. -123-


ST-A-B3J2Y Z00T APHID (Aphis forbesi Wied. )


IL V. Harned (April 23): Aphis forbesi on strawberry from
Bronh-in.ven, April 3.


SLUGS (!'!ollusca)


Kansas


Mississippi


Loui siana


Florida


Florida


Mississippi


H. R. Bryson (April 23): Sluirs were reported injuring
stra'-v.Lerry plants at Greensburg.


3r11s

BEA7T LMEAF ':B2,TL,(Cerotoma trifurcata Forst.)

R. W7. Harned (April 27): Injury to beans has been reported
from several localities durin. the past few days.

W. E. Hinds (April 23): This insect is quite abundant on
early snapbeans and other host plants.


I M7 MTS

Im"W0IT APHID (Aphi s gossypii Glov.)

J. -L. Watson (April 21): The melon aphid is appearing on
water.melons in many of the counties south of Gainesville but
the infestations are not he?-vy as yet.


CEIERY

CELY LEF.F TY-, (Phlyctaenia rubi{!alis Guer.)

SH. T. Fernald (April 25): The celery leaf tyer is
moderately abundant. (K.C.Moore)


TUJ TI

TUTJIP APHID (ihopalosiphun pseudobrassicae Davis)

H. H. Carpenter (April 20): Aphids are very abundant on
turnips at Houston, Chiclsasaw County, and Oxford, Lafayette
County.


:'iississippi





,. -12 4-

.. -. ..*. ', 4 T

*':: E'E" ='=11 Z'BT t'atb.0)r "" tettix tenBqllirs Ba..er) '

G. F. Knowlton (April;. 19): The beet leafhopper is
unusually abundant in Tobole County breeding areas for this
time. of year, and abqut normally abtmndant in. sorm e Boxelder
...County breedin, -;rounis.. '


Utah


iTew Mexico


TNorth Carolina






Florida


iew York


J. IL. Eyer (April): Adults are very abundant and nymphs
are corimencin, to appear..,


TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BSTLE (Epitri i arwya Fab. )


C. H.. Brannon (April 25): Dama--e to tobacco plant bed by
this insect' is unusually.li;ht to date in spite of the
unusually cool sprin-g.

Z. P. Metcalf (April. 21): The tobacco flea beetle is very
abundant in eastern Nrth'i Carolina.

F. S. Chanberlin,(AIpril 14): 'Flea beetle emergence in
Gadsden County has beeni later than usual this season. Only
, small infestations, have .been- observed.


F 0 r 2 S T A R D S H A D E- T E I IT S E C T S

GYPSY'"MOTH (Porthetria dispar.L. )


M"' M.thly.'etter of Bureau of Entomoloy No. 203 (March): : .
1. Wooldridge, of the .'ipsy-roth laboratory,' spett *.. ,
'March 23 and 24 at an.i,solated -i.psy-moth infestation in
Milan, IT.Y. Milan is about 9 miles east of the Hudson
river in the so-called "G-ipsy moth barrier zone." The special
object of Mr. Wooldrid-e's trip was to secure information
concernin.; any natural enemies that mi.;ht be present in the
infestation. Pu.paria of two tachinid flies, Compsilura
''con.:innata Mei.,. and Sturmia scutellata 2. D., were found.
,.The discovery, of the presence. of .the' letter. is'. of particular-
',. ...interes't because, the laboratory, has no records of the parasite
havin,c been previously taken in New York State;


B.OWIT-TAIL MOTH (!yiaa phaeorrhoeaea Don.)


Ne1'Tw Hampshire


P. R. Lowryr (April 13): Brown-tail moth larvae are clustered
on the outside of winter webs. Webs are abundant in the southern
part of the State.











Alab a;..a


Loui siana


FOR.ST T-7 C.'-T7pIILIR (MIalacosoma disstria H'b.).'?

J. H. Robinson (April 20): Forest tent caterpillars
are active in central and northern Alalaa.

W. E. Hinds (April 23): The forest tent caterpillars are
very abunrdant in some localities in the vicinity of Springfield,
Livin' ston Parish, and after defoliatin- sweet -nr- and willow
trees they feed to some extent on oaks and wild blackberries
and have this year, as in 1930, inflicted considerable damage
to strawberries, by eatin.- the flowers, as they migrate across
the strawberry fields. They do not attack: the fruit.


SP?.I':3 CAT. WORM (Paleacrita vernata Peck)


Pennsylvania



north Dakota




Oklahor.a


C nn3cticut


Connecticut


J. R. Stear (April 22): The sprin- canker worm females
were noted ovipositin-; on apple and moderately ab`-ri:lant on
April 8, at Li'-onier.

J. A. Munro (April 18): Adults of the sprin- canker worm
were first noticed at Far';o on April S. Present indications
would point to about the usual a:.ount of defoliation injury
to trees from this insect.

C. F. Stiles (April 27): Spring canker worms are quite
numerous in Ok1..Tulee Coui:.ty.

FALL CANK1 WOP.1m (Alsophila pometaria Harr.)

E. P. Felt (April 24): Fall canker worm egos are abr...nt.
and there will presumably be a considerable outbrealc these
insects in southwestern New Enrland and southeastern New York.


: L a B.-ETLE (Galeracella xanthomelaena Schrarnk)

E. P. Felt (April 24): Elm-leaf-beetle conditions were
such last year as to indicate very material injury in southern
New En.-lane, much of eastern I7ew York, and presumably 1ew
Jersey and farther south.


A SHOT!OL BORER (Scolytus multistriatus Marsh. )


Connecticut


E. P. Felt (April 24): The Eiropean elm bark beetle
appears to have become established' in a number of loc-lities
in southwestern ITew E -land and northern ITew Jerse', since
speci:.eens have been received within the last five months,
though in no case have these infestations been associated
with serious injury. This species apparently limits itself
largely to sickly or dyin- brar.ch'os.


-1264






-126-


Mississippi


HICKORY PHYLLOXMRA. .(Phylloxera caryaecaulis Fitch)

R. W. Harned (April 27): Hickory twits and leaves
infested with callss caused, by Phylloxera caryaecaulis
were received fror, Brookhaven on April 21.


GIAiTT APHID (Longistigma caryae Harr. )


Louisiana


T. E. Holloway (April 8): Dense g-ro-ups of these large
aphids were noted on the &smaller limbs of some o< trees in
'ITew Orleans. Some winced individuals were present. The
aphids were first noticed on account of the lar;-e drops of
honeydew which fell on automobiles parked under the trees,
making mysterious spots on.the enamel.


A KMIEMS (Kermes !:inii Ckll. )


ITew York


Connecticut


E. P.. Felt (April 8): A snail oa: twi infested with a
species of Kernes, which appears to be unusually abundant on
Lon. Island and is apparently *responsible for the killing of
many terminals on at le-ast one tree. It is somewhat generally
distributed, thouTh serious infestation is presumably limited
to individual trees or -roups of trees. -

TWO-LI:TED CH3ST.TT BOR. (.A-rilus bilineatus Web. )

E. P. Felt-(April 24): The two-lined chestnut borer may
be expected to occur in considerable numbers, .and very likely
will increase in abundance this coming; season, owing to the
fact that many.oaks have been weakened by drought, Uand in
different localities by leaf-roller depredations.


P LE.. SCAL (Chionaspis pinifoliae Eitch)
PIT LA1SCAL3 (C io aspis pinifoliae Sitch)


Connecticut


ITew York


Pennsylvania


W. E. Britton (April 24): The pine leaf scale is in about
the same abundance .as u.sual,. attacking : Scotch pine and red pine.

C. R. Crosby (February 23): Infested specimens of pine
received from Kenmore. '.'

E. Blauvelt (March 26): Infested twigs of pine were
received from Rochester.

BARK BE=TLS (Ips spp.)

J. IT. Knull (April 22): Y-u-erous white pines which suffered
from the 1930'drou;ht are beinm attacked by bark beetles,
especially by the :,enus Ips.


*'* **.






a-127-


Maine


Nevada


Connectic-t


Ceor~ia


Mississippi


WHITV-FI1:::^ -17- IL (Pissodes strobi Peck)

TH. B. Peirson (April 25): The white-pino weevil is
abumenant, c.er.ini and- a atin on April 20, and at Alfroe. and
Au.-asta on April 24.


POPLAR

THE c?:::"T ::0TH (Aegeria apiforTme Clerck)

G. G. Schweis (April 21): Ae7eria apiforme is present in
lTcv,.1.. and attac'-s native Fremont poplars alono width Carolina
poplars. At times it is quite nunero.s and instances have b'oeen
reported that daaeo to local plantings of poplars has been
very- serio-as.

POPLAR -C'R (Saperda calcarata Say)

H. -. Swen1: (March): A Th'.tler County correspondent sent
specimens of larvae durin- the last -veek in "arch with a
statement that his poplar trees were beinr- killed by them.


TULIP

TULIPT",. SCALE (Toumneyella liriodendri Gmel.)

3. P. Felt (April 24): The younr- of the tuliptree scale
are abundant in southwestern ITew 31-land and southeastern
NTew York.


I N S 3 C T S AF F C T I IT G G R 1THO U S 3 A T D

0 R T A E T A L P LA 1: T S A T D L A W T S

APHIDS (Aphiidae)

0. I. Snapp (April 20): Aphiidae are causin- considerable
dar:a-e to ornamental plants and plantin-s around hones at
Fort Valley.


BLACK CIT.US APHID (Toxoptera aurantii Koch)


J. P. Kislanko (April 2): Pittosporun in Fattiesbur. is
heavily infested with Toxoptera aurantii and two other species
of aphid. The former is the more numerous, curlin.: your.:
leaves. (Stone County.)






-128-


!Tebrask!a


A IMRC.: FLY (Biblo -albiennis Say)

H. H. Swenk. (MIarch): .anrin-, the third week in March a
Saunders Coun.ty correspondent sent in a quantity of larvae
with a statement that they weree present in his flower bed
at the rate of 25 to 50 to the spadeful of soil.


COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya puarchasi Maskl.)


Mississippi


R. 7. Haried and assistants -(April): Pittosporum on
several propertieL-in Hattiesburg is heavily infested with the
cottony-cushion scale, April 21., The cottony-cushion scale
is abundant in Laurel, Jones County, April 18.


ALDR

SPOTT3 WILLOW L=AF 32STLE (Lina interrupt Fab.)


Virinia


C. R. Willey (April 24): Specimens were sent in from
S. S. Lariifort, Morattico, who states that these insects are
occurixLgin this section by "'millions." He sacs they are
perched on fishirng7 net stakes out in the water by the thousands.
The water is full of then and they, are washing, up on the shore.
We believe it to be the spotted willow leaf beetle. (Det. by
H. S. Barber. Feeds on al"l`r normally-.)


A.RB30RVITAE

ANT APHID (Dilachnus thIujfolinus Theob.)


Kansas


Mississippi


IH. R. Bryson (April 23): This aphid has been increasing in
numbers until it has reached outbreak proportions in various
localities in Kansas, on arborvitae. At Manhattan the
infestation was greatest about April 18. Not only has the new
growth been attacked but the aphids have clustered on and
attacked the larger stems and branches.

R. 7. Harned and assistants `(April): This aphid is attracting
attention in the following places; Magee, Artesia, Prairie,
Pheba, New Albany, Starkville, Lucedale, McComb, Corinth,
Booneville, and Baldwyn. (Abstract G..H. )


CMDAR.

DODAR 1=VIL (Pissodes deodarae .opk.)


Mississippi


R. '7. Earned and assistants (April): The deodar weevil has
been reported at McComb and is doin- sone damage in Laurel.






C:J-YSA:TTr3UM, AP::IDS (Aphiidae)


Mississippi


Ohio


Mississippi


R. W. Earned and assistants (April): The black chrys'Inthe.-nj:.
aphid (I:%acro-siphonideula sarn-borni Gill.) is reTorted from
various r--.rts of the State as urnusually ab-'unadant on chrysanthe.mnu,
and the 'rcen chrysanthermi. aphid (sopal o s iphum ruf om,?cul atun
Wilson) ,:as reported on chrysanthe:num frorn Meridian.

C!mYS.TT-- GALL MID'E (Diarthronoyia kypogaea Loer')

E. 17. MIendenhall (April 18): There have been a few outbreak:s
of the chrysantherun. mid-co in greenhouses. I believe it is
held pretty well I*.- check,,-,: in most of the -reenhouses in Ohio,
especially -where plants are bein,- shipped.

G. -:~:Uz-. T:-TIPS (Teliothrips hnc-iorrhoidalis ouche)

E. 17. I"endenihall (April 18): I find -.t the greenhouse
thrips is doing. considerable da.a:e to the chrysanthen-unms in
some greenhouses in Ohio, but in the main it is held in check.


AiT API:ID (Aphis sambvucifoliae ?itch)


J. P. Kislankco (April 20): A cormmon elderberry on one
property in Hattiesburz 'w'as very heavily infested with AT-' "s
sa-mbucifoliae Fitch. On this day, it is estimated, approxi a tely
50 per cent of the aphids were alates and a heavy mi -ration
took place. Several days later it was observed that only snail
colonies of apterae and a few, alates were still present on
the youn'z shoots of the elderberry.


ETO TYMU S

,JOI'UUS SCALE (Chionaspis euonymi Comst.)


Connecticut


W. E. Britton (April 24): This scale seems to be increasing"
in abu-ndance at Greenwich and lTew ::aven. Attackin i.1 o :us
radicerus, 7. alatus, bittersweet, and Pachysandra.








Mississippi


Mississippi


ITebraska


Kansas


INebrascka


-130-

IVY SCA.L- '-(As pI i6't hederae Vallot)

H. bietrich (April 21):- This scale is cormon on fern
aspara-as at Lucedale. .

FIT' ScAL:. (Heni-chionaspis 'aspiclistrae Sign.)

H.. Dietrich (April 21): Ferr scale is still prevalent
on ferns at Luced.ale.


1 IT S E C T S A T .A C K IT NG M A IT AND

D 0 11 Z ST I C ANT.I N AL S



CLOVPR MITE (Bryobia praetiosa Koch)

M. H. Sven2t (April): `" tre,-oel'- widespread vTas the clover
mite as a pest in houses during the first half of April.
These reports cm-ie from Lancaster County, west and northwest
to Frontier and 3oyd Counties. ..

H. R. 3r.y-son (April 23):' Dr. E. G. 3elly reports slight
injury by the clover mite to one field of wheat at Garden
City, April 18.


CATTLE

SHORT-ITOSD OX: LOUSE (Haeimatopinus --eurysternus Nitz.)

Y. H. S7erns (M.arch 15 April 15): A correspondent in
Dawson County reported his 500 head of cattle qaite badly
infested with the suckling louse.


HORSES

BUFFALO C-G7AT S (Sirmn ii dae)


Mississippi


R. W. Earned (April 12): There have been many newspaper
reports in retard to the serious dana-e caused by the
appearance of large nur.berts of buffalo r'nats in Coahoma and
Tunica Counties. The seriousness of the situation according
to 3, P. Krick, Monroe, La., Red Cross field representative,
justifies outside ,assistance in scores of cases, as many of the
famers have no money to replenish their stock. Mr. Krick said
a complete statement will be filed with the ITational Red Cross
headquarters with recommendations for iriediate assistance as
the delta farmers are in^ the 2idst of plantin-; and need animals



















Xansas


Nebraska


Ne..r Hampshire




North Carolina





Nebraska


for plowin.- and preparing lands. He plans to visit stricken
sections in Arkansis tomiorrovJ before returnin.- to Monroe.
(April 18): We lost ;-Iot't 200 mules in Coahoma Couanty
within twenty-four hours time from sj'.ie kind of gnat or
fly. I an very sorry that we did not collect specimens
at the tine that we were losing. so '.an;- nules. However, the
fly or gnat causin- the loss of so :na:Q mules iXqs about one-
-al.lf the size of the avera -e house fly and twice the size of
the avcre'-e buIffalo g::nt. We still have a very heavy, infesta-
tion of the buffalo .-t, but this gnat is not killinr- the
mules.

H. R. "ryson (April 23): Si-alirm vittat=-r Zetthas been
*causing damage to m-rules, cattle, and ho-s south of Westmoreland.
Dr. R. C. Smith reports that two dozen flies were collected
from the tops of the ears of several ani. :als. One mule ::,"'
death, has badly swollen neck and head.


POULTRY

CHiICKIT MIT1 (Dermanyssus 'allinac Redi)

M. H. S7enk (March 15 April 15): Poultry mites were
reported as very troublesome from Otoe and Custer Counties.


HOUSEHOLD ANTD STORED-PRODUCT

I N S E C T S

STEMITIS T S- iculitermes spp.)

P. R. Lowry (April 16): Winged termites swarming in a
heated basement room in Durba42. (April 13): Termites (R.
flavipes Kollar) found working outdoors around a wooden porch
in Dover.

R. W. Leiby (April 22): Our office is receiving an unusual
number of complaints about termites, the number being probably
due to the activities of a conmercial exterminating company
operating in the cities of Chatrlotte, High Point, Salis'-ry,
and Statesville.

M. H. Swenk (March 15-April 15): Additional reports of
d_-maI.e by termites (R. tibialis Barnks) in houses and farm
buildings and at the roots of trees were received during the
period here covere!2 from Richardson, Clay, Kearney, and
TL'rn:as Counties.




- 13Z-


Mississippi


'Lalsals


MTTS (Formicidae)


Utahl


Nebraska


North Dakota


Idaho



Utah


G. F. Knowlton (April 15): Many requests are being received
concerning the control of ants in houses and gardens.

M. H. Swenk (April), During the first half of April many
complaints were received of great swarms of winged ants
(Lasius interjectus Mayr) emerging in the basement of houses.
These reports came from all over the State south of the
Platte River from the Missouri River to Adams County.
(April 15-17): A -T'.c7-olls Co-unty correspondent reported, her
house a-.1: overrun with carpenter ants (Camponotus herculeanus
pennsylvanicus DeG.) under date of April. 15.

BOXMLD- BUG (Leptocoris trivittatus Say)

J. A. :u-iro (April 18): A number of inquiries have.been
received on boxelder bugs of late. The bugs have been reported
as active on warm days, since the early part of April.

C. Wakeland (April 20): Several reports of the boxyelder
plant bug as an annoying pest of households have been received
recently from different parts of the State.

G. F. Knowlton (April 9): The boxelder bug has become
scattered and is much less of a household pest at the present
time than it was a-week ago.


H. R. Dryson (April 23'): Termites are rapidly becoming a
major insect pest in Kansas. An increase in the nu-iuber of
reports front various sectioniis of the State indicate that the
infestations are generally distributed throughout the State.
Recent reports during the past monthh also indicate that many
public buildings are being dar-agedL. Among those reported as
infested are: Banik, theatre, high school, garage, and post
office. Reports were obtained from Peabody, Atchison, Hill
City, Gaylord, Hoxie n.d Mianhattan. Termites killed young
pear trees at Gaylord planted during the past two years.
Numerous requests for information regarding these pests were
also received.during the past month.

Mississippi Plant Board(, Press Release (April 27): With the
approach of spring, scores of complaints. of. termites have poured
into the office of the State Plant Board. Laurel, Colunbus,
Greenville, Starl:ville, ITatchez, and Meridian were among the
many places in the State from which damage was reported.




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A.I01TG-ROMTM- B= LM (leoclylus acuminatus )ab.)


IRebraska


M. H. S%7en- (March): A correspondent in nashiton Cotnty
went in specimens with a statement that they were emerging
in large numbers from mulberry wood stored in his basement.


SILVU FISH (Lepisma saccharina L.)


North Dakota


J. A. Munro (April 18): Silver fish have been reported
from several towns in the state. The reports indicate that the
pest is rather abuandant in basement locations and in the
vicinity of boos. The pest lhas been noticed to be fairly
abundant in the basement of the Agricultural Building and the
Library at the State College.


SPMII1GTAILS (Collcmbola)


North Dakota


J. A. Ifanro (April 18)-: Specimens of springtails were
received from a fox farmer at Lisbon. The letter accompan-ing
the specimens stated that the insects haad been prevalent for
more than a year in a heated btilldin.? used as a feed house en
the fox farm. The specimens captured were taken from the
surface of a pan of Tater sitting on the floor of the house.


A 71IT CTyroglypLms americahus Banks)


Nebraska


I! I.- SLTenk (March 1 April 15): During the first half of .
March a few relrts of iTfestatbn of -stored wheat with various
stored-grasn pests were received from the southeastern counties.
*rom 3aW-son Couity a simple af flaxseed heavily infested with
tb.s nffe -vas received adurir=g -the fTiTt -eek -.n April.









PLANT QUTJa T1IiTE AND CONTROL ADMNI STATION


Notes abstracted from "News Letter," April, 1931

(Not for publication)


ORANGE MAGGOT (Anastrepha ludens Loew)

Mangoes brought to Mat-moros from the State of Michoacan, in the
southern part of Mlexico, were rather heavily infested with fruit worm
larvae; some 485 specimens were collected, most of which were from
mangoes.

PARLATORIA DATE SCALE (Parlatoria blanchardi Targ,)

The only finding of infestation in the Coachella Valley during the
month of February involved 4 palms in one of the infested plantings
which has no commercial value. These palms were dug out and destroyed.

PINK BOLL WORM (Pectinophora gossypiella Saund.)

During February, 1,064 samples, of 100 bolls each, were inspected
at the laboratory with negative results. These samples had been col-
lected in counties in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas.

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar L.)

All of the work in Dukes Park, N. J., was completed during the
second week of February and no gypsy moth infestation was found. Dukes
Park is the property where the original gipsy moth infestation consist-
ing of over 3,000,000 egg clusters was located in 1920. Infestations
have been discovered in the townships of New Marlboro, Sheffield, and
Sandisfield, Mass.

EUROPXA CORN BOBER (Pyrausta nubilalis ITon.)

The clean-up of isolated infestations of the European corn borer
on Manchester Island, Lewis County, and in Bradford Township, Bracken
County, Ky., is very nearly completed.






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PORTO RICO

Insect conditions during March and April, 1931.

A very heavy infestation of a beetle borer (Apate francisca Fab.)
was investigated March 17 to 21 in the Barrio of Los Angeles at Lares.
where about 100 coffee trees on about 1 acre had been injured. Some
injured guaba trees had been cut down, and an or.nr-e, an "aii-.uncate"i'
and some "pomarrosa" fence posts had also been slightly injured; burrows
made by the beetles were found also in two "achiote"t trees. In a
pigeon pea planting in the Barrio of Espinosa 50 infested plants had
been cut and burned. By the first week in April on the occasion of the
next visit to Lares, no further injury had been reported and the outbreak
had apparently almost subsided. (Mr. Sein)

The moth stalk borer (Diatraea saccharalis Fab.) is-generally rnich
more abundant than previously because of the change of variety of cane
grown, the B.H. (10) 12 now extensively grown being softer and sweeter
and more susceptible to infestation. This is despite the rather general
adoption of nonburning. of trash, which favors Tricho-raia. Of course
the trash must be burned in preparing the land for planting, and as
less cane is ratooned, the areas in which trash is left on the fields
are more limited in extent, especially on the south coast. (G.N.Wolcott)

In the region on the south coast between Ponce and Guayar.a, white
grubs (Phyllophaga portoricensis Smyth) have been much less abundant
since the hurricane in 1928 than they were previously, and the sane is
also true of the weevil root-stalk borer, Diaprepes abbreviatus L.
Mr. Osborn has reared two previously unknown egg parasites of the latter,
but the parasite situation, so far as white grubs is concerned, is
unchanged. Cultivation practices, however, have been greatly c.ano-ed,
about two-thirds of the area being plant cane, and only about one-third
is ratoon. Subsoiling with sten.^ plows is standard practice now, which
definitely kills grubs by crushing them, while with less thorough
preparation only grubs actually cut by the plowshares were killed.
Rainfall has been much more abundant, which possibly may have had some
effect. (G..:T.olcott)

Reports and observations indicate that the tobacco leaf-miner
(Phthorimaea operculel-la Zell.) has been doing considerable drn-aCe, more
so than usual, to fields of tobacco in Comero and Caguas, and also in
one 3-acre field near Rio Piedras. Unusually dry weather is undoubtedly
the cause. (M. D. Leonard)

A light infestation of the red-striped sugarcane scale (Pulvinaria
iceryi Guer.) on the leaves of some sugarcane plants grown in one of the
greenhouses of the Insular Experiment Station at Rio Piedras was found
on March 26. (M. D. Leonard)

A large citrus grower reported that about one-third of 30,000
grapefruit seedlings in his nursery at Br.canon had been killed by white






-136-


grubs (Phyllophaga, probably citri Smyth) (M. D. Leonard.)

A light infestation of the lima bean pod borer (Maruca testulalis
Geyer) on blossoms and pods of lima beans in a 2-acre planting at Jurna
Diaz was observed on March 13. (A. S. Mills.)

A leaf beetle (Ceratoma denticornis Tab.) was fairly common on the
string bean plots at the Experiment Station at Rio Piedras, but doing
litle damage. (M. D. Leonard.)

A leaf beetle (Diabrotica graminea Baly) was reported by Pedro
Osuna of the Insular Experiment Station as fairly abundant on about
1 acre of Irish potatoes at Comerio and on about 5 acres at Adjuntas,
early in March. This insect was also reported by A. S. Mills as
moderately infesting a 1-acre planting of okra at Trujillo Alto on
March 27, the beetles feeding on both leaves and flower buds.
(M. D. Leonard.) ....

The potato flea beetle (Enitrix cucumeris Harr.) was present in
increasing numbers during January and February and very injurious in
March in several 'fields of potatoes in Cor:merio, Adjuntas, Cidra, Caguas,
and Rio Piedras, according to Pedro Osuna, of the Insular Experiment
Station. (M. D. Leonard.)

Under date of March 19 a report was received from Humacao saying
that considerable damage was being done to plantings of sweet potato
there by Cylas formicarius Fab. (M. D. Leonard.)

A leafhopper, Empoasca jabanae DeLong, was abundant on string
beans in experimental plots at the Insular Experiment Station at Rio
Piedras throughout the month, becoming more destructive towards
harvesting at the end of the month. (M. D. Leonard.)

A small garden patch of Irish potatoes was reported by Pedro Osuna
as badly infested by Myzus persicae Sulz. on March 31; many of the leaves
were curled. (M. D. Leonard.)

Specimens of a bug, Spartocera batatas Fab., were received for
determination from Utuado from Agricultural Agent A. Correa, who stated
under date of March 20 that they were injuring the experimental plots
of Irish potatoes. This is apparently the first report of injury to
Irish potatoes by this insect in Porto Rico. (M. D; Leonard.)

Mr. E. F. Roarke of the San Juan Ginnery Company reports that the.
cotton leaf worm (Alabama argillacea Hbn.) was starting to work in one
field of cotton at Iso.bela. This is the first infestation observed
on the north coast in this year's crop. No infestations were reported
during March for the south coast. (M. D. Leonard.)

Counts made on the pink boll wvorm (Pectinophora gossypiella Saund.)
by several of the local agricultural agents on the south coast, examining





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100 mature but unopened bolls in each field, showed the following per-
centages of infestation:
March 10, Lajas (3 fields) 85 per cent, 18 per cent, 24 per cent
March 10, Sahana Gr-,nde (1 field) 16 per cent
March 10, San Germnan (1 field) 38 per cent
March 11, Cabo Rojo (2 fields) 80 per cent, 84 per cent

Heavy infestations by Dysdercus andreae L. were reported by M.essrs.
Mills and Faxon of the Plant Quarantine and Control Administration in
fields of cotton at Ponce, Guayanilla, and Penuelas on March 13,
(April 16): The pink boll worm is becoming more abundant on the south
coast. (M. D. Leonard.)


CUBA


Notes on observations during March and April, 1931.
By U. C. < Loftin.

On March 15 we received a complaint that cane was being damaged at
Central Cuba, Mantanzas Province. The insects proved to be Cirphis
latiuscula H. S.. and an undetermined Lepidopterous larva. On March 30
another complaint was received from Central Socorro that C. latiuscula
was damaging cane. This is unusually early in the season for the
grassworms, as they generally do not become abundant enough to attract
attention until after the beginning of the rainy season, or in the
latter part of May or early June.

A field of velvetbeans on the Station grounds at Central Baragua that
were planted last November are nearly mature and are being turned under
for green in.ure, A very light infestation of the velvetbean cater-
pillar (Anticarsia gemmatilis Hbn.) was noticed last December, but
since that time the beans have not been attacked by this pest.

On March 19 young corn at Central Jaronu, Cztux.guey Province, was
heavily infested and badly dmaged by Laphyg frugiperda S. and A.




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-Notes on Hemiptera and. Homopter,

at. Canton, Kwangtun4 Province,. .outhern-China'

1924-1929 1

by \V-n. 3. 11of0n'fmaf
Professor of Biology, Lingnan, University, Canton, China

... .... tote: ..The food plants of each of the species. .

named below are listed in the order of. '
preference as indicated by field. obser- ,
vat ion to date. Except where otherwise
noted, the olantse are !mown to be food
plant s.

I, Plataspidae

1.- Brachyrlt.ys subaeneus. Testvw. :. 2 . .... ,.

1. -Lima bean, "Min tau". (Phaseolus lunatus L.); coon. .....

2. Chinese long bean, "Tau kok" (Vigna sesqui-edalis L.); cornonh"

3-4. Two other species of cultivated, beans.
Mr. .Tall reported. it on beans called. "g uet tau" and. "Paat uet
tau. !

2. Co-ptosoma nunctatissi-na Mont.? ,..
1. Lima bean, "Min tau" (Phaseolus lunatus L.); com-non, perhaps only
a minor pest.

3. Coptoso-ja variegatuT.i H. S.

Found on the following plants, and although feeding is difficult
to observe, it is believed that the bug feeds on all those listed,
with the possible exce-otion of tea __nays. It also feeds on some
unidentified plants.

1. Chinese long bean, "Tau kok" (Vigna.sesquipedalis L.).
2. Species of Convolvulaceae. '
3. Co-nmon nightshade, "Paak fa ts'oi" (Solanun nigrun L.).

1 Contribution from the De-oartment of Biology, Lingnan University.
2 The Yriter is indebted to Mr. :T7 3. China for naming most of the
species discussed in this pa-oer.




-139-


4. Sweetpea (Lath:yrus odoratus L.).
5. Royal Poincianc., "lKa-r fun she (Delonix regia (Boj.) Baf.).
6. "Yinj shu'e" (Albizzia chinensis (Osbccl:) ",oerr.).
7, Fi: ;con pea, ".7u:. t,.u" (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) (WCajanus.
indicus Spreng.).
8. "Paaklc yu laan (v-Ate jade orc'iid)" (Michelia cha.-naca L.).
9. Morning-glory (Iro'noea nu-rourea Roth.).
10. Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthe-nu s-.).
11. Lima bean, "Min tau" (Phaseolus luns tus L.).
12. A third species of cultivated bean.
13. Asparagus (As-onrapus officinalis L.).
14. Deck (Rumex so.).
15. Pu-i-ielo, "Poh lul0" or "Ynu tsz"' (Citrus T.axima (Bur-.) Merr.).
16. Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.).
17. Poinsettia (Poinsettia sp.).
18. Corn, maize, "SL<:C -nai" (Zea -anys L.).


II. Cydnidae

1. Cydnus indicus 7estw.

Co'-n:-n in Canton. Nothing- =vnwn concerning its habits. Frequent-
ly co-nes to lights at niL-ht.

2. Gedto-rns Dygnaeus Dall.

Taken at lights at Nodoa, Hainan Island.


.. III. Pentatomidae 1

1. Cantao ocellatus Thimb.

A forest-inhabiting species fe&din.r upon the fruits of various trees.
Abundant at Nadoa, Hainan Island.

2. Poecilocoris druraei Q,).

1. "Shut -nong."

At ti-nes very numerous. Feeds on the fruits of this tree which is grown
as an orna-nental. Said to be a minor pest on mulberry in Formosa but
never found on that tree at Canton.

1 Notes relating to the gnogranhical distribution,, biology, and bio-nvics
of some of the snecics of PentatorTidae discussed herein were given in a
paper enititledI"Notes on the biono-nics of sone oriental Fentatomidae
(He-niptera)" read by the writer at the llth International Congress of
ZoolOgy, P.dua, Italy, 1930, and now in press in the proceedings of that
Congress.







3. Chrysoceris grand s Thunb.,, vhr baro Fab.

1. "Chi" mai' chik shue."
2. ,i Shui Yung."
3. )"Paak yuk laan (white jade orchid.)" (Michelia champaca L.).
4.' Gardenia sp~ .
Not numerous.

4. Scotino-phara lurida (Burn.). -

Not abundant in the vicinity of' Canton. A minor pest on rice.
1. Rice, "7oh" (Oryza sativa L.).
2. Grasses.

5. Erthesina fullo (Thunb.).

In Krangtung found feeding on the trunks and larger branches of 31
species of trees representing about as many families. A minor
pest. I ...

6. Halyabbas unicolor Dist.

Feeds on bamboo stems but is not abundant enough to be considered
a pest. Usually found on the variety of bamboo 1mown as "Lak chuk."

7. Ca.naea ta-robanensis Dall.

1Tot co'rmon in the vicinity of Canton. At times a minor pest.

1. Pu-nmelo, "Poh luk:" or "Yau tsz".-(Citrus maxima (B3urm.) Merr.).

8. Halyomor-oha picus (Fab.).

Feeds by preference on beans (feeding on all parts of the plant)
and is a pest of considerable importance. 2
1. Chinese long bean, "Tau kok" (i--na sesquipedalis L.).
2. Lina bean, "Min tau" (Phaseolus lunatus L.).
3. Comrron nightshade, "Paak fa ts'oi" (Solanum nigrum L.).
4. Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sincnsis L.).
5. Prince's feather (Celosia cristata L.).
6. "Ttang ts'oi" (Basella rubra L.).
7. An unidentified species of cultivated bean.


1 For further information, including life history notes, see Lingnan Sci-
ence Journal 9 (1 and 2): 139-142, 1 fig. 1930.
2 A paper on this bug by the writer appeared in Peking Nat. Hist. Bull.
5 (pt. 2): 25 and 26, 1 pl. March, 1931.




-141-


9. Tolu-xmia lati-os Dall.

1. Nig'htshade, "Paa'c fa ts'oi"; feeds on fruits.
2. Chinese long bean, "Tau kokC" (ViSn sesu.uipdalis L,).
3. Wild shrub (fruits).

10. Zysarcoris g-uttiger Thunb.

Minor pest on Phaseolus and Vigna.
1. Com-on nightslhvde, "Faak.fa ts'oi" (Solanum nigrum L.).
2. Li-a bean, "M.in tau" (F-.nsoolus lunatus L.); feeds on pods.
3. "Lofu lei (tiger's tongue)'". (Polygonumi perfoliatu' L.).
4. "T'ang ts'oi", Basella rubra L.
5. Chinese long bean, "Tau :_ok" (Vigna sesouipedalis L.).
6. Prince's feather (Celosia cristata L.).
7. "KaS' poon nj;nn chan" (Bidens chinensis lJilld.).
8. ,gg plant, "Ai kwa" (Solanu-n, mclongena L.).
9. Corn, Taize, "Suz ai" (Zea ays L.).

11. Agonoscellis nubila Fab.

Found on several plants not yet identified. Not numerous. Re-
ported very nunerous at Foochow in Fukien Province by Prof. C.
R. Kellogg.

12. Buryde-na pulchru-n "7estw.

At least a minor pest on "Kaai laan" (Brassica sI.), feeding on
steTrs and seed pods.
1. "Kaai laan" (Brassica so.).
2. Cauliflower "Ye ts'oi fa"' (Brassica oleracea L.,var. botrytis L.).
3. Kohl rabi (Brassica caulorapa Pasa.).
4. Lettuce, "Shaan- ts'oi" (Lactuca sativa L.).
5. "Lo fu lei (tiger's tongue)" (Polygonun perfoli.tum L.) .
6. "Yeung pin ts'oi" (5nila sonchifolia (L.) DC.). A Chinese drug
plant.
7. "Faa' ts'ioi" (Brassica chi-iensis L.).

13. Bagrada sp., probably Ejcta Fab.

Fccdin- and brecdinr; in large numbers on an unidentified trec near
Nodoa, Hainan, in early July, 1929.

14. Catacanthus incarnatus Drury.

F-cds on several s-pecies of plants at Canton and in Hainan. At
Denok, near Buitenzorg, Java, I found it feeding on Ixora nigres-
Cens.






-142-


15. Nezara virid-ula L.

This species feeds'.on well over 100 species of plants representing
at least twanty-niino,'families of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
plants. Pest on Phaseolus and Vigna.
1. Coce:on nightshade, "Paa'- fa ts'oi" (Solanum- nigrum L.).
S 2. Lima bean, "Min tau" (Phascolus lunatus L.).
3. Chinese long bean, "Tau koz" (ign sesgui-oedalis L.).
4. A third species of cultivated-bean.
5. Corn, maize-, or u ;matH (Zeama L.)
6. Canra (Canna sp.:). -
7. Fu _-a (b'i t t er -neloh)" (Vomordi ca charantia L.).
8. "Kaai laan" (Brassica sp.). -
9. Poly.onnum s~. '
10. Morning-glory (Ilomoea, nurpurea -Roth. ).

16. Plautia fimbriata (Fab) ......

Pest on Vigna sesqui-oedalis L.; minor -est on Phaseolus lunatus L.

1. Chinese long bean, "Tau Iko'k" (Viga sesqui'nedalj.sL. ).
2. Co-on nightshade, "'Faa2 fa ts'oi" (SolanlT. nigru- L.).
3. Liiu-a bean, 1"Min tau" (Thaseolus lunatus L.).
4. Cahina (Canna so.).
5. "T'ang ts'oi" (Basella rubra L.).
6. Chrysanthemu-, (Chrysanthe'm-a-um sp.).
7. Morning glory (I-noo-oa ourturea Roth.).
8. "Kaai laan, (Brassica sp.); in laboratory only.

17. Critheus lineatifrons Stal.

Found on one species of ba,-boo only. Destroyed most of the new
cul-.s during 1926..'. Speci-mens scarce during 1928. During 1927 and
1929 no observations were .made.
1. Bamboo.

18. Antestia anchora Thunb.

Taken in Hainan by our exp-edition in 1929 but food plants not ascer-
tained.

19. Menida for-osa 'Jestw.

Taken in many localities in Hainan Island.

20. Menida histrio Fab.

During the spring and sum-mer of 1928 this species was very numerous
on corn and was at least a minor nest. There is m reason to believe
that it feeds also on a species of ornamental hedge, commonly grown
on Lingnan University cam-pus. Both nymphs and adults feed on the




-143-


leaves and stems of bamboo and also on the larvae of a chry.cZ .lid
beetle which skeletonizes br-boo.
1. Corn, maize, "S'-- tai" (Zea-nays L.). Feed on developing grain.
2. Bamboo, "C5uxk."
Also carnivorous.

21. Pjezodorus rubrofasca.tus Fab.

At least a minor rest in KwangtUF Province and Hainan Island.
1. Chinese long bean, "Tau kok" (Vi,-,na sesauivedalis L.).

22. Riynchocoris huieralis Thunib.

On several species and varieties of oranges, feeding on the fruits
in all stagos of development from the very small green ones to
over-ri-c ones, thus causing the fruits no drop from the-trees.
It was i!pTossile to asciertain the exact aame of the food -lant in
-nany cases, with the result that the for-s naned below constitutb.-bnly
a -,artial list.

1. "Ka- '. 'wat" (Fortunella nI.rgari ta(Lour. ) Swingle4..'
2. "Kamn wat" (Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) Swingle.).
3. "Sz 'T'ai kwat" (Citras -.icrocaroa Bunge)(C. mitis Blanco).
4. Mandarin orange (Citrus nobilis var. deliciosa Swingle).
5. Sweet orange, "Ch'iu chan ch'ang" (Citrus sinentis Osbeck).

'Further information on this pentatomid may be secured by referring
to the following notes by the writer: "A stink-bug injurious to
Citrus in South China."' Iroc. Third ian-Ppcific Sci. Congress,
To1qyo, 1926: 2030-2038 (1929). "The life History of Rhynchocoris
humeralis Thunb. (Hemiptera, Fentatcmidae). Lir.-:n Science
,Jxnn.l7:817-823. 2 plates, 1929 (1931).

23. Cantheconidea furcellata Wolff.

Apparently pri-narily carnivorous but also feeds on plants.
1. Tallow tree, "0o k'au shue" (Sapiun sebiferu-n (L.) Eoxb.) on leaf.
2. S.eet potato, "Faan shue" (Inoooea bat,.tas (L.) oir). On leaf.
Found feeding on leido.-terous larvae affecting ca-nyan, Sa-iun
ebiferr-r., rhaseblus lunmatus, and chryso-r.e] d larvae feedirj on
ba:0,r'" r.d sweet potato. The latter larvae are !Atriona circumn-
data Hbst.

24. Andrall,-s so-" nl.ens Fab.
Carnivorous as far as ouir observations go. The nyn-phs, deep blue
or p-uirlish in color, feed oyi various caterpillars.





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25. Tessaratob-a panillosa Drury.


Causes thousands of dollars of damage annually to the lythee cron
in Xvangtung province. 1
1. Lychee, "Lai chi" (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). ..
2. Lungan, "Lung ngaan (drago-n' s-eye.)" (uhnoria longana. Lam.).

26. Vitruvius insignis Dist.. o:

On bamboo in Hainan Island. Minor pest. Feeds on ter-inal


27. Asnongo-us fuscus "Jestw.

This stink bug is a serious oest on cucurbits and castor oil bean,
and a minor pest on li-na bean.
1. Squash, "Ka- k.ra" (Cucurbita -naxi-3a Duch.).
2. Cucumnber, "7on,- I.wa"l (Cucurnis satita L.).
3. Bottle gourd, "Foo lo .-wa" (Lagenaria vulgaris Ser.).
4. Castor oil bean (Ricinus co-inunis L.).
5. Lina bean, "Min tau" (Phaseolus lunrtus L.).

28. Megynenun (rseudaradus) brevicornis (Fab.).

Often found in association with Asnongo _us fuscus *Jestw., and con-
stitutes a serious pest on cucurbits and the Chinese long bean.
It tides over between vegetable crops on escaped individuals oft,
. *. -Celosia cri-stata L.
;- I -1 \ *- *
1. Cucunber, W."7ong I va" (Cucumnis sativus L.).
2. Chinese long beani, "Tau oic" (Vigna sesquipedalis L.).
3. Bottle gourd, "Foo lo lva" (Lagenaria vulgaris Ser.).
4. Squash, "Ka-n kwa" (Cucurbita r.xi-a Dach.).
5. Frince's feather (Celosia cristata L.).
6. "Hun. Fun.g sin fa" (Ie-^'ticns balq--mia L.).
7. Li .a bearn, "Min tau" (Iaascolus lunn.tui L.).

29. Dinlo-rbhin,'.s furcat__ s Test:.

TR-e:en in the interior of THainnn on low-groring herbs.


1 Mr. R. B. ialkenstein, foricrly connected with the biology department of
Linga.n TUnivcrsity, made an extensive study of this bug and has a lengthy
re-ort on the samn now in -nress (Linran Science Journal).




-145-


30. Megarrha-r.hus hastatus FY.

Occurs in grass on *."ite Cloud Mountain at Canton and on Ling Fa
Ling (Mountain) in Hainan.

31. Microdoutorus 1cgacc-hWus H. S.

Ta':en at lights in Hainan in June.


IV. Urostylidae

1. Urostylis sp.

Found amon-: grass and herbs on -rountains in central part of
Hainan Island.


V. Coreidae

1. Mictus scrina Dall.

1. "Yau kco" (Litse-. glutinosa (Lour..) C. B. Rob.).
2. Litsea rolyantha Juss.
3. Psychotria s.-.
4. "Shek paan shue" (Stranvaesia benthaneana (Hnnce) Merr.).
5. "Lak t'ong (Zanthoihylu* sp.).
Another species of Mictus was taklcen at Nodoa, Hai-nan Island.

2. Anonlocne.is "hisiana Fab.

This bu is a serious rest on the first scven -,lants na-c.d below.
It has been found only occasionally on the re-nainder of the
plants in the list.

1. Li-.a bean, "in tau" (rhaseolus lunatus L.).
2. Chinese long- bean, "Tau 1:ok" (Vi sesguiredalis L.).
3. A third species of cultivated bean.
4. Cat-tail tree or "aaau -ei m2:" (Dolich-indrone cauda-felina
Benth. & Fool-.).
5. Cassia nodosa 3uch.-Hai.
6. ri eon- pea, t:X tau" (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsa.) (=Ca,1anus
indicus S-roeng.).
7. Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sineng.s L.).
8. Peanut, 1roa.nd nut, or "Fa s'.anng" (Araclbis hj-:: oaea L.).
9. Bamnboo, "Ch7-".
10. "Hop foon shue" (Albizzia lqbbck, (L.) Bcnth.).
11. Anaranthus sa.
12. Guava (rsidiu- i.jiavn L.).
A rather full discussion of this s--ecies by the writer is nor in
press in Lin,,inn Science Journal. A. binotata Dist. vas trc-en
by our expedition in the mountains at Yuen Moon, Hainan Island.





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3. Honoeocerus (Anacanthocoritl strilcornis (Scott).

1. "Hop foon shue" (Albizzia lebbek (L.) Benth.). Minor pest.
2. "lYing shue" (Albizzia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.). Minor post.

4. Ho-noeocerus (Tag)us) wal:eri (Kirby).

1. "Ying shue" (Albizzia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.). Fest.
2. "Hop foon shue" (Albizzia Thbbek (L.) Benth). Minor pest.
A species near H. graminis Fab. was taken at Nodoa, Hainan.

5. Notobitus sr.

Serious nest on several species of ba-mboo. Feeds on new culms.
Fed on pods of Vigna sesquipedalis 1. in laboratory.

6. Clores-nus 7odestus Dist.

1. Bamnboo, "Chuif"

Minor pest feeding on nev,' cul-s, not abundant.
7. Hygia opacus Uhl.

1. Morning-glory (Io-roea -urmurea Both.).

8. Acanthocoris scaber L.

Very serious '-est every year on cape gooseberry and peppers. Fre-
quently does -auch damage to eggplant and squash.

1. Caie gooseberry, "Tang lung mwoh" (Physalis 'oeruviana L.).
2. Nightshade or "Faa.: fa ts'oi" (Solanu" nigru7 L.).
3. Morning-glory (Ino-oea 7ur-,urea Roth.).
4. Cayenne pepper (Ca'sicu", annuum L.).
5. Fenpcr (Carsicu-n sL. ).
6. la-ilant, "Ai kwa" (Solanu-. melongena L.).
7. Squash, "Xa'. kwa" (Cucurbita -naxi-a Duch.).
8. "Yeung so hing" (Cestru nocturnum L.).
9. "Taai lo shan" (Solanu- torvun Sw.).

For detailed infor-ation concerning the life history, econo-Aic status, etc.,
see Hoffmann: "Notes on a squash-b-ug of economic i-mportance." Lingnan
Sci. Journ. 5 (3): 281-292, 2 il. 1927. (1929)

9. rlinachtus sp.

1. "Lo fu lei (tiger's tongae)" (rolygonur rerfoliatu- L.).
2. Irince's feather (Celosia cristata L.).




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10. Cictus bimunctatus 1I. S.

11. Clctus nunctigcr Dall.

Our food-riant records were not always '-Ce't distinct for these
to s-.eCCies. S-'.eci-ens of this genus have frequently been ob-
served f c- din.; r-:d brccding' on Cclnsia cristata L. i'd rolygo-
nu-, ncrfoliatun L.

The food list is as folloivs:

1. "Lo fu lei (ti:;er's tonLUee)" (iolyonu --'erfoliatiu-i L.).
2. Prince's fcathcr (Celosia cristata L.).
3. Chenm-odiu-i s'.,
4. rolyonun s".
5. Li-lo, bevun, 1"`in tau" (1haseolus lluntus L.)
6. Chinese lon:,; bean, "Tau Iolc" (i;.na scsui-cdaiis L.).
7. A third rIdnd of cultivated bean.
8. Ca'-.na (Canna s-.).
9. Care gooseberry "Tang lung k!'oh" (ihysalis "rtvia'ip. L.).
10. Corn, maize, "Sfu- -nai" (Zcea iays L.).
11. .vl6nt, "Ai kwa" (Solanu-J -'clongena L.).
12. "Tsz koo" (Saglttaria saf-,ittifolia L.).

12. Clavigr-.l.a horrens Dohrn.

1. Li-na beans, "iMn tau" (Ihaseolus lunr tus L.).
Not very co -m. Foem. also in Hainn. Island.

13. Luntocorisa acuta (Thunb`).

14. Lo'tocorisa varicornis Fab.

15. Le-tocnrise. sn.

Our food-nlant records wvere not always 7tct distinct for these
throc s--ecies.
1. Rice, "'.oh" (Oryza sativa L.).
2. Irince's feather (Celosia cri4tata L.).
3. Co-r-'on nightshade, "'Taa-- fa ts'oi" (Solanu- ni-.r-j-' L.).
4. Grasses.
5. Corn, -aize "3uh1- nai" (Zea 'nys L.).

16. Ri-tortus lineanris Fab.

17. Ri-tnrtus -edestris


18. Rintortus sn.




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Food--1ant records were not .cept separately for the first two
species. The last na.ed is a very s-mrll srecics and has been
found feeding and breeding on but one s-ecies of plant, a wild
lcegu-ie v ith yellow flowers.

1. Li a bean, "M9in tn.u" (rhaseolus lunatus L.).
2. Chinese lonr, bean, "Tau co''" (Vikna sesqui-pedalis L.).
3. Third s'ecies of cultivated bean.
4. "NTgan hoo. 'oon" (Leucaena ,lauca Benth.).
5. Co- -on nightshade, "ra, fa ts'oi" (Solanum nigru- L.).
6. peanut, ground nut, or 11"Fa shaanng" (Arachis hiynogaea L.).

19. Daclera s-.

1. "Hoe foon shue" (Albizzia lebbekc (L) Benth.). In pods.

20. Lo'-tocoris abdominalis Fab.

Taken by our expedition in Hainan Island.


VI. Lyjaeidao

1. Lypaeis hoses F.

1. Co-'on nighntshade, "raa)': fa ts'oi" (Solanu, nigru- L.).
2. Can.e Gooseberry, "Tan. lun,- kwoh" (1,ysalis D-eruviana L.).
3. A Chinese drug plant, "Yeung piu ts'oi" (3~ila sonchifolia L.).
4. Jild league with yellow flowers.

2. Graitostethus s ervus Fab.

1. Morning-glory (Io-mioea pur-urea Roth.). A sniecies near to G.
servus is also found at Caniton.

3. Nysius sr.

1. Prince's feather (Celosia cristata L.). Abundant, feeding and
breeding on this plant. The bugs -nuncture the seeds. A spe-
cies of ITysius has also been fund on Solanum grm.

4. A--hanus sordidus Fab.

1. Co-rnon ni1htshade, "Iaak- fa ts'oi" (Solanum nirrum L.). Common.
Feeds and breeds on this -Iant and has not been taken on any
other plant. Also ta'ten in Hainan Island (at lights).

5. Miscellaneous lygaeids.

1-8. Orthaea (Iaamera) nietneri Dohrn, 0. vincta Say.., 0. vitalisi,
0. -unctulata Motsch.? and Macror-es s". are also found
in Canton, while Dinomnachus rhacinus Dist., Dienches femoralis







Dohrn, and Cacnocoris saniGuin,-rius Stal are found at 1Todoa, Hainan,
and undoubtedly occur in the vicinity o.f Canton as well. Dinoma-
chus rhacinis and Dienches fe-noralis verc ttaken at lights.


VII. Fyrrhocoridae

1. Dysdercus mcbalo'ry7uag Brcdd.?

1. Cotton (Gossyrium sr.).
2. Hollyhoc': (Althaea rosea Cav.).
3. Rosellc (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). '
4. "Fu yu:-"r fa" (Hibiscus mutabftilis L.).
5. "Chi tau noh" (Urena lobata L.).
Co.nmoi on cotton and roselle. Founi also in Hainan Island but re-
coro. of host plants not secured. Dindyrus sanIuineus Fa.b. also
tak.enr in Hinan. Tnat a-inears to be a third species of pyrrhocorid
was found feeding and breedIn,: on.l. Vn, fa" (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.)}
in late October (1928) at Tai-'o Nvrt, iw Territory, KwaAitung
province.


S VIII. Tingitidae

1. Ste"hanitis nyrioides Scott.

1. Azalea.

IX. Miridae

1. Deraeocoris s-.

1. Tallow tree, 110o 1'au shue" (Sarium sebiferu-n (L.) Roxb.).
Mirids, not yet determined, occur in numbers on Albizzia chinensis
(Osbeck) Merr. and a cultivated secies of Chrysanthemnum. Uniden-
tified s-ecies of iTirids occur on Albizzia chinensis (Osbec":) Merr.,
Vi ja sesquirnedalis L., Ihaseolus lunn.tus L., Cucumis sativus L.,
and S-lanun ni,-rum L.


X. Cicadidae

1. Flat.roleura hina 7alk.

Com'nonly taken on Acacia, "T'oi waan seung sz sr',uc" (Acacia confusa
Merr.).

The s-*ccies enur -:r.ted below were taken in Hainan by our expedition
in 1929:

1. Flatypleura hil-na 7a'7.
2. o Tonin s-. near fusca Oliv,





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3. Dundubia lon:ina Dist.?
4. Huechys sanFruinea DeG.
5. Huochys san::ruinea var. -nhilaemata Fab.
6. Muda vi runcula TFalk.


XI. Cerco-idae' .

1. Co smos carta bimaculata 'Jalk.

1. Banana, "Tsiu" (Musca sr.).
2. Canna, (Canna sp.).
3. Chinese long bean, "Tau kok" (VYina sesqui-nedalis L.).
4. Grape (Vitis vinifera L.).
5. "'aak yfuk laan (white jade orchid)" (Michelia cha-nroaca L.).
6. Scissors grass, "Kaau tsin ts'o" (Belamcanda chinensis L. DC.).
7.'B tcalyitus (.ucalyntus robusta Smith)..
8. Gardenia sp.
9. l'amboo, "Chuki".

The above feeding records refer to the adults. No information is
at hand regarding the food habits of the nym-nphs which feed on the
underground. arts of -ilants and probably are nests of some im-
portance. This s-ecies is also found in Hainan.

2. Clovia inuncta ">alkc.

Very abundant. Host plants hot'3 ovn.


XII. Cicadellidac

The following have been taken at Canton but host -plants were not recorded:

1. Drabescus s-n., near an,:,latus Sign. '
2. Yenhotettix bi~'unctatus Fab. .. ... '. ..
3. Tettegoniella ferruW-inea Fab.
4. Goniagnathus rnunctifer Ualk.
5. Selenocefnhalus s-'.
6. Bythosco'nus s-,.
7. Athysanus s-.
8. Aconura s':!. ?
9. Deltoce-ohalus s..
10-11. Farabolocratus s-?p.
T. ferrulinea also taken in the mountains of Hainan Island.




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XIII. Fuhl o ri dae

1. Froutist.- moesta "'est,.

1. Sugar cane, "Che" (Saccharirm officina; Ir. L.).
Found feedi-ny- on the leaves of sugar cane in Hainan Island during
1929 by the n-cbers of the Lirn.-i7Ln University 5th Hainan Island
Zx-'edition. This s-ecies also occurs in India, Java, and the
rhili-nines. (Identified by r1. T. *.. 0-nOman.)

2. 'ulg:ora candelaria L. (Lung, ngaan rai (Lungan chicken)."

1. Tallow tree, "Oo T.'au shue" (Sa-iun sebiferrum L. 3oxb.).

Quite coTrronn but remains too hi.-h on the trees to permit observa-
tion of fcedin-*" habits. Also found in 7ai-.an.


XIV. Flatidae

1. Salurnis marginellus Guer.

1. Orange.


XV. Delhacidae

1. Tro-idoce-halo (Smara) atrata Dist.


Host plant not known.





UNIVEI O FLORIDA

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