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FItURE 29-Black-figure painting on an Attic vase from Orvieto, shown a Greek s~utrhy
and selection of Greek tools. Of particular interest are the hinged tongs. Sixth eentary ac.
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rc. 26s: Peruvian metal founding, part of a drawing fom
a sixteenth-century codex.
nc. 133: Drawing from part of an Egyptian tomb painting of about
1500 B.C., showing foundrymen casting bronze doors.
The foundrymen are casting a bronze door, and the
metal is being poured into a series of cups leading
into the large clay mold. A previously cast door
can b seen above and to the right of the foundry-
-Ien,
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!he single-action bellows--invented about the fourth
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through upper valve to upper chamber and out through
thI tuyere. [3] Bottom board is allowed to drop and
chtamber is refilled. At the same time, upper board drops
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FIGURE 555-Water-driven bellows. Ramelli, 1588.
widespread use of the water-wheel in industry encouraged the impro
f gearing, and of practical mechanics generally, as is shown by the en
landbooks of the early sixteenth century, but unfortunately little is kno
construction of medieval water-driven machines. Transport also was mt
s cities and industries tended to grow where there was running water a
e a supply of eerMy.
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sents a side swage, the eye being punched in oppo.
site from theordinary swage. These are used fo
-- --r---------
FIG. II2.----THE ROUND PUNCH.
rounding off thends of flat pieces, being handier
than the ordinary swage. Fig. 122 shows an anvil
FIG. II3.--THE SQUARE CHISEL.
side swage or bottom swage, a swage being made on,
the end to overhang the edge :of the anvii so that
bent pieces that need to be swaged can be dropped
over the edge of the anvil and swayed up without
much trouble.
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FIG. II4.-- HE SQUARE PUNCH.
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pacted the iron and strengthened it-a step necessary to the preparation
of stock bar iron.
The smith fullered small pieces of iron by simply hammering the
work as it lay on the face of the anvil. More ambitious jobs required a
pair of special tools called fullering irons. or fullers, and the help
of the striker. With his tongs the blacksmith held the cherry-red iron
across the bottom fullering iron, which was set solidly in the hardy hole.
The anvil took the brunt of the hammer blows. The smith guided the
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top fuller with his other hand while the striker clouted the head of the
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perhaps a unique railing, this ironwork graced a raised double cottage
t 3346 Dumaine Street. It was made by a white blacksmith named H1ughi
cGovern, who in his youth had served an apprenticeship under his father,
blacksmith from Ireland. He devised his own jig to fashion the scroll-
ork as well as twist th'e other pieces. No fire was used, and even
e rivets were hammered cold. The house was torn down in the fall of
971. (Davil P. Jones Photo.)
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This example of wrought iron in scrollwork and geometric designs is
locked at t lie corner of Conti and Royal Streets. ( David P. Jones Photo.)
if], t i- on)ork u s somei m s J coratcJ \ ith tits of cast irontworkI sucCh
as this railnn at 327 )auphine Strect.
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Tools such as these. part of a ftll set maIde ImanL \.t ago a,
Negro blacksmith on a plantation niar Natchitohc', werc used
early quest for oil in Louisiaina. (Copyright 1 930- b Nt ti.ial
Geographic Magazine.)
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Elisha Dillon, standing in one of the two blacksmith shops he oiera',ted
in New Orleans prior to.his admission to the Methodist ministry.
This shop was located on\ Washington Avenue noer MN ,ainli tf rt.,
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