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Brass whale-oil lamps of early 19th century (based on Miles's
English patent of 1787 for an" agitable" lamp with enclosed res-
ervoir): Lefl, land aIn,, about 1800-1810. Middle, One of a
.* V" h- u,- I, ,, aiut 1815--1825. Right, Chamber lamp.
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Three 19th-century iron Bettyy" lamps: Left, Stamped "E. Brown" and "1835," used
Washington, D. C. Middle, A typical Pennsylvania-style lamp of the midcentury, fr(
Newkirk, Okla. Right, Lamp found in the stock of a Philadelphia hardware store
1898. The harpoonlike hooks were hung on chair backs or from nails or thrust ir
chinks in fireplaces.
chn s in firep\. .c-.
IN
-1' i:i: lamps: Left, Iron lard lamp with
virging reservoir.. i!l0, lion "' betty" lamp on turned wooden
,and, Bucks County. Right, Tin lamp designed to slide up and down
San iron rod mounted in a weighted base.
Three patent models of tin lard-burning lamps: Left, Harvey Tomlinson's patent, Geneva
N. Y., September 1, 1843, embodying an Argand burner with copper air tube. Middle
Zebulon Warroll's patent, Chester Hill, Ohio, February 7, 1842, depending upon gravity
for flow of fuel, the heat from the flame warming the lard in the reservoir. Right, One
of several patents by Robert Cornelius, of Philadelphia, this one dated April 6, 1843: A
ribbon wick with copper conductor strip is the working principle.
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~: models of lard lamps using pressure to feed fuel to wicks: Left, Tin lard lamp pat-
nicd by- John Grannis, Oberlin, Ohio, August 25, 1842. A plunger drives lard from
cscondarv reservoir to primary reservoir and wick. Middle, Maltby and Neal's lard lamp
patented by Benjamin K. Maltby, Rootstown, Ohio, May 4, 1842. The patented feature
s a pair of perforated copper wick tubes to assure equal distribution of lard into wicks
when pressure is applied, preventing wicks from being displaced. Right, Lard lamp
patented by Thomas Sewell, New York, October 2, 1847. Turning the inner portion of
the base forces the lard upward.
d
'Paterit models illtistrating inventive ingenuity: Left, Rosin lamp, with heater underneath
to keep the rosin fluid, patented by Prentice Sargent, Newburyport, Mass., March 4, 1856.
A- middle, Lard lamp patented by Silas B. Terry, Plymouth, Conn February 24, 1843.
Right, Fluid vapor lamp patented by C. A. Green, Philadelphia, April 21, 1857. The
small burner seen at, right -superheated the volatile fuel in the large burner, causing it
to vaporize and burn as a gas.
58
Chamberlain lard lamp
Paul Collection no. 296
Hastings County Museum, Belleville, Ont.
. 'Belleen (,t,
am gn.e la a
- I I
FIG. 2.-Section
of
Lamp.
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Three astral, or "sinumbra," lamps. These embody the Argand burner in combination
with ring-shaped reservoirs (shown at right), designed to minimize amount of shadow.
They were used with chimneys and glass shades of varying-shapes, of which the one at
left is most typical. American, about 1830-1840. .
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Silver Argand lanp, mounted on cut-glass base, originally owned
by George Washington. The oil supply was held in central
reservoir 1gd fed to burners through the bracket arms. Air was
: i ,i;! t, i L '.lV at base of each burner case. Glass chim-
S:; .: '\ !'s. increased the draft.
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AMERICAN ANTIQUES
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Fig. 29 The reservoir and burner of an astral, or sinumbra, lamp, from Webster's
Encyclopaedia (1844).
G
REGULAR
ANNUAL
LAMP
SA
The Lamp Season with Us Means a Season of Rare Bargains
VER 000 LAMPS TO BE SOL t price, never before heard. If there is a forced sale in any of the marliets of the co,
R 1 0 LA TO B SOLD always on the spot. There was a big Lamp sale and our buyers wtrhere terand see
oods at their own price, a price much less than actual cost to manufacture, hence OUlt ANNUAL SA LE will be greater than ever.
)UR TERMS ARE L BERAL. Any lamps will be sent to any address by express, C. O. D., subject to examination, on receipt of 2
U TER A LI NL. cover transportation charges both ways, balance and express charges payable at express office.
THREE PER CENT. DISCOUNT allowed if cash in full accompanies your order. Your money refunded immediately if you are not per
No. 95003.
No. 95004.
No. 95003. Vase Lamp. Extra large size. Nicely proportioned and an
ornamentt to any parlor, large climax burner. The decoration is a finely execut-
3d design of flowers in natural tints and colorings. Price....................$1.78
No. 95004. Vase Lan). A very stylish lamp. Decoration is similar to No.
5 except that it is on a matt ground which gives a much richer appearance.
EPice..................... .......... ................. .. ** ............ ... ....$2.00
No. 95007. No. 95005. No. 95006.
No. 9005. Vase Lamp. This lamp combines beauty with utility. Center
draught burner, giving a light equal to 65 candles. The decorations are very
rlah ad finelyexecuted. This is fit to grace any drawing room.
Price....... .............. ........... ... .. ...... ...... ..... .... ....... .... 3.35
'No. 9600. C. Lamp. This is one of the most staple lamps in the market.
' ve strong and substantial, and will last a lifetime. You need no chimney
with t lamp, the shade and the illuminator taking the place of chimney, and
tus saving you from the breakage of chimneys. Price ................ 88Hc
No. 9007. Study Lamp. This is an elegant lamp for reading or sewing, or
for ay purpose where a strong light is desired. Center draught burner, giving
Slight equal to s6 candles. Lamp is made of brass, heavily nickel plated, and
trimmed with a plain white dome hhade. Will.never get out of order.
Pn allJ -7&......... . ... ij
No. 95000. No. 05001.
No. 9.5000. Lamp. 19 inches to top of chinimney.
match fount. Cast metal base. This is the best Iand
market. Price ...... ..............................
No. 95001. Lamp. This is an extra value. 19 inches
and fount to match. Cast metal base. Price..............
No. 95002. Lamp. With extra large top shade. 'I'hli
colors and decorated with flowers in natural tints. Price
No. 95008. Perfection Student Lamp.
This lamp has been used for so many years
that a description of it is unnecessary. It
is, without a doubt the peer of all study
lamps. Perfectly safe and reliable. Lamp
can be adjusted to any height.
Nickel plated, plain white shade........ 3.50
Nickel plated, green shade.............. $3.75
I
No. 95000. banquet 1
brass with large cast o
2 center draft burter
The shade is of silk, in
Nile green, wit hi lace
well lropl) 'lt illoned to t
a very pretty, ias well
ment, and is of imuch
really expects to get
cludeN with this, andI
lamps we show, a chlni
from heat. Height of
burner.
SlaIImp) complete(, as shl
Lanmp only............
Shade only.............
FIG. II.
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Residence of Sa~mu,1/l Le'(et at 7 (Cherry, Sreet
Illuminated by Gas ('Oclober 4 18-'IS4
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175
Double gas fixture in dining room of
William Lyon Mackenzie House
Toronto, Ont.
burners have steatite tips
S178
Double-jointed gas bracket with shade
ca. 1895; purchased in Martinsburg,
W. Va. LSR 21 ..
295 LIGHT THE GAS
FIGURE I16--(Left) Jablochkoff's
using two
lochkoff's
parallel
carbon
rods,
four-candle lamp,
187
candle
6. (Ri
arc-!amp
ght)
Jab-
with the 'globe removed.
\
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FIGURE 1I7-Brush arc-lamp, c 1880.
_
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C/
FIGURE 123-(A) Edison carbon-filament lamp, c 1881;
(B) Edison carbon-filament lamp, c 1882; (c) Edison
lamp cluster, c 1884.
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FIGURE 256--British Fire Prevention Committee's
testing furnace (roughly
io ft square) for floors, 1897
6u0 0.0 0 OO -O 0 0 0
Brick
O arch
9 ft span
Inches
(cMILFORD o 6 12 1 24
1792-93
STRUTT
I 1796-97
BAGE
9 ft. 6 in. span
14 ft span
i9 9ft.span
(c) SALFORDb
1799-1801
BOULTON &WATT
(C7)
(it)
(e)
ft)
wIe
(j)
A
**^^^***^******^^^^ **^*^^^ ^***M-:-- --- --- --------.k
1 *o.0 e 0* 0 0.0 @** O * e. * 0 0 *. : .600 *0 00 0 a 0: .g.
.. 00 4 00 0 0 *
o *0 41 41 4 : 0 0 0 0 0 g o 0411 go 0 0 "
tO4 non 18: (B) Hom A 4n 0= 188 91l l s
._ ,< 0 : : : 0 0* o it & 00 ..
0... -. ....- "" o "0 "" ''' '
FIGURE 255 Fire-resisting oor systems. Doul-
ton, 1873; (B) Homan, 188.
~ ~ 9
"Boulderberg", Tomkins Cove, N.Y., detail
construction. Like many 19th century house
a subflooring in between the floor joists
a layer of rough mortar, which serves as i
of
es
to
ns
floor
it has
carry
ulation.
figure 7
ii
426. Skating on Artificial Ice, Manchester, 1877. This scene from a French catalouek of 1877 marks the
period when the manufacture of ice by artificial means became commercially possible on a larger scale. (Raoul
Pictet Catalogue, Paris, 1877)
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