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JOHN FINDI.KV WALLACE
Aw.. American Children, Panama Beach.
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GEORGE WASHINGTON GOETHALS, CHIEF ENGINEER 1914-1917
GEORGE WASHINGTON GOETHALS
(1858-1928)
Third Chief Engineer
On March 4, 1907, Goethals was appointed by President Roosevelt Chairman and Chief
Engineer of the Isthmian Canal Commission (I.C.C.). He served in that position until
completion of Canal construction in 1914, following which he served as Governor of the
Panama Canal until his resignation January 17, 1917.
As Chief Engineer of the I.C.C., Goethals faced many daunting tasks. Aside from the task
of eliminating disease, Goethals was faced by many unique problems, any one which was
a stupendous work in itself. The first of these was the cutting down to a much lower level
several mountains near the center of the Isthmus in order to minimize the elevation of the
canal itself. The second was the damming of the powerful and erratic Chagres River with
the Gatun Dam and the formation of Gatun Lake. The third was the building of the huge
concrete locks with steel gates.
The name Goethals will be recorded in history as the man who accomplished one of the
greatest feats of engineering and construction since the Egyptians completed the mighty
pyramids the construction of the Panama Canal. Many tributes have been paid to Goethals
by distinguished persons. Of these, the following most represents consensus about the man
and about his achievements.
"Colonel Goethals proved to be the man of all others to do the job. It would be impossible
to overstate what he has done. It is the greatest task of any kind that any man in the world
has accomplished during the years that Goethals has been at work. It is the greatest task
of its own kind that has ever been performed in the world at all. Colonel Goethals has
succeeded in instilling into the men under him a spirit which elsewhere has found only in
a few victorious armies."
Goethals died on January 21, 1928, in New York City.
GEORGE WASHINGTON GOETHALS, CHIEF ENGINEER 1907-1914
GOVERNOR OF THE CANAL ZONE 1914-1917
JOHN F. "BIG SMOKE' STEVENS
(1853-1943)
Second Chief Engineer
John F. Stevens was named Chief Engineer of the Panama Canal in 1905. He was one
of the most experienced railroad builders in the United States.
A decisive and strong leader, Stevens took immediate control of all aspects of the
work. He saw that disease was brought under control and was largely responsible for
deciding to build a lock-type canal.
In 1907, Stevens was succeeded by Colonel (later General) George Washington
Goethals, who wrote, "Mr. Stevens has perfected such an organization ... that there is
nothing left for us to do but just have the organization continue in the good work it was
done and is doing ... Mr. Stevens has done an amount of work for which he will never get
any credit, or, if he gets any, will not get enough ..."
John F. Stevens returned to the United States and railroading. In 1919 he was named
President of the Inter-Allied Technical Board with headquarters in Harbin, Manchuria.
His work completed, he returned to the United States in 1923 and retired from active life.
He was presented the John Fritz Gold Medal on March 23,1925, for "great achievements
as a civil engineer, particularly in planning and organizing for the construction of the
Panama Canal; as a builder of railroads, and as administration of the Chinese Eastern
and Siberian Railways." The Hoover Gold Medal was given him in 1938.
He died on June 2, 1943, in Southern Pines, N.C.
JOHN STEVENS MONUMENT AT STEVENS CIRCLE IN BALBOA, CANAL ZONE
JOHN STEVENS MONUMENT AT STEVENS CIRCLE IN BALBOA, CANAL ZONE
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JOHN STEVENS, CHIEF ENGINEER 1905-1907
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JOHN STEVENS, CHIEF ENGINEER 1905-1907
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JOHN FINDLEY WALLACE
(1852-1921)
First Chief Engineer
John F. Wallace was appointed the First chief Engineer of the Panama Canal in 1904 by
President Theodore Roosevelt. Although he was mindful of Teddy Roosevelt's orders
to "make the dirt fly,' Wallace was accustomed to working under civilized conditions.
Using equipment the French had left behind when they abandoned the project in
1889, Wallace did start digging the canal, but soon found Panama squalid and riddled
with malaria and yellow fever, which he feared. Additionally, the Panama Canal
Commission had to approve even the smallest decisions through a lengthy process.
After a year, beset by health concerns and bureaucratic woes, Wallace resigned.
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JOHN STEVENS MONUMENT AT STEVENS CIRCLE IN BALBOA, CANAL ZONE
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JOHN STEVENS, CHIEF ENGINEER 1905-1907
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Mercedes Peterson, Barbara Hickey, Alice Hannigan and Joan Holgerson.
Second Row L to R: Larry Cox, Bruce Sanders, Rudy Smith, Alexis Vili, John Hatgi, Richard Sasso, John Delaney and
John Hayes.
Back Row L to R: David Lane, Kenny Roscoe, Jody Roberson, Tommy Hughes, Tony Dyer, Dick Cunningham, Bruce
Newhard, Ernie Forrest and Dale Cockle.
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