r-~~i~ i J






,4..



sK




AN4






p" !



t ,
. :II














P, ..;\ .'
Ir -I
.-j-4

aa j






There's Fun To Be Had

Right Here In The Zone


.- .






Shipping took a back seat as Scout crews paddled their cayucos
Canal last month. The two boats here are racing toward Pedro Mi


'_ _ .- .. .. .. :. '' ' : .~ Ig -.
... . c~. .r ~ .a e


SN


Y


JI 1


Looking over Hideaway Beach, near Thatcher Ferry, as part of th
survey, are: Edward Gaskin, C. M. Brandl, L. L. Llewelyn, and C. E


Th,. present recreational facilities of
the Canal Zone include almost every con-
ceivable field of recreational interest or
activity. They need only to be developed
to make them available to virtually every
Zone resident.
These, I;:-i, .illv, are the firElinll of a
.Ininrttit I appointed recently by Gover-
nor Potter to survey what is available in
the recreation field in the I ',1oil Zone and
SiiiL' plans for improvement.
The committee has not yet sub-
mitted its full report to the Governor,
and, to date, has made only "piece-
meal" recommendations to him.
nr, of these "p 'r 111i i recommenda-
tions, elimination of admission h- Ir1,' to
Canal Zone -'.' riiiinilg pools, was an-
nounced by Governor Potter at a Com-
munity M tiii held at (Gamboa l 22.
The committee, which is delving into
:hwi entire matter of recreation in the


Canal Zone, is headed by C
Arnold, Eniinlri.ring andl
Director. I)th.r nimrnihbr a
Donovan, Civil Affair;. Dir
L. Str.r,. Jr., Comptroller
Johnson, of the Executive I'I
They have been assisted '
subcommittee." Its chairm;
McG. Brandl, who is .mlnp
I.rii ,.li rmiiL' Division and is
here for his work with Ci%
', ,utin, *.r';iriniza;tiin.-, and
rnunityv iriup-. Other mer
subcommittee are Robert G.
ert Lessiack, and G. C. 1T..k,
This .r.,ui,. rwrking for sc
studied recreational facilities
the Canal Zone, li.ting all
'\I.tII' and classifying then
edition and ease of access. T1


chlded such official facilities as swimming
pools, playgrounds, and gymnasiums, and
such non-governmental facilities as clubs
and other employee organizations "de-
voted to the recreational, cultural, and
fraternal requirements" of the Canal
Zone's people.
They discussed the aims and prob-
lems of the program with Civic Coun-
cil groups and the Councils, in turn,
helped by listing what facilities were
already available and recommending
others which their townspeople wanted
When its members had completed the
survey, the subcommittee submitted a
detailed 10-page report, breaking recre-
ational facilities and needs down into
geographical areas.
The present Canal Zone recreational
program, they decided, represents at least
as far as the physical plant is concerned
a somewhat haphazard accumulation of
facilities acquired over the past 40 years,
and commented that the periods of ex-
pansion and constriction of several towns
were reflected in their recreational facili-
ties. This was particularly true of Balboa,
Gamboa, and Gatun and, to a lesser de-
gree, of Diablo Heights and Margarita.
Some of the present facilities, this group
through the found, were still useful but almost obso-
guel Locks. lescent.
One of the major sub-headings of this
group's report dealt with "parks and
monuments" such as Fort San Lorenzo,
i .. Barro Colorado Island, Summit Experi-
P2..+y. I ment Garden, the Madden Road Forest
Preserve, and Madden Dam and the lake
behind it.
The subcommittee saw possibilities for
S a major park in the Summit Garden area
and suggested that picnic facilities be
increased there and that additional pic-
;PtI nic sites and camping places be located
in the adjacent forest preserve. Other
Possibilities they suggested for this area,
which is I.asily accessible by both rail and
road, included a zoo of local animals and
an amusement park.
Boat-launching facilities were recom-
mended for Madden Dam to utilize its
possibilities as a picnic ro und and a loca-
tion for water sports and outdoor camping.
The subcommittee visited beaches on
both sides of the Isthmus, finding "little
general interest" in these on the Atlantic
side. Two beaches ,they suggested. minht
be developed for public use on the pacific.
One of these would be the present Hide-
away Beach and another, for future
e recreation consideration. is 'Viiadi IBench, once a
.Haywood. popular swimming spot for Pacific sides.
Within the town areas, the subcom-
ol. Hugh M. mittee looked into the matter of swim-
Construction ming pools, athletic fields, gymnasiums
Lre Henry L. tennis courts, and the Service Centers.
ector; Philip Their recommendations in this cate-
; and F. R. gory included replacement of the Bal-
innrin St.Lff. boa pool with a "modern, accessible
Y a irking one," tennis courts in each town area,
an is ('harl. and modern soda fountains in the
lI,.\r, in the Service Centers. If some of the tennis
well known courts were roofed and lighted, the re-
vie Cunciql, port said, they could be used for skat-
other com- ing, games, and town meetings.
nbers of the Neighl'orheld projects and private
Laatz, Rob- clubs, as well as employee hobby group-.
ridli were also .iur\lyl v and reports in thcw
several ,.,4ks. occupied a brief part of the report. A
s throughout considerable part of the recreation in the
of tho-s now Canal Zone, the 'uli .nniitt,.i com-
n as to con- mented, was provided by such groups and
he survey in- organizations.


2 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


C***::***.m.'m-f


* ;
,.S-.!


June 7, 1957
































Zonians are on the move. As one can
plainly see from the cover of this month's
REVIEw and from the picture above, it's
vacation time-the time of year when we
scatter from New Jersey to California and
from Maine to Texas.
For weeks now, Zone families, vacation
bound, have been boarding Panama Line
ships at Cristobal, planes at Tocumen, or
United Fruit Co. ships at Balboa, and
many others will follow in the next few
weeks.
Where do they go and how do they get
there? The best qualified to answer these
questions are the half-a-dozen men and
women of the Transportation Section who
right now, are inundated with the flood
of seasonal travel requests.
During April and up until May 22,
this Section had issued travel orders for
168 Canal Zone families, numbering
more than 400 persons, and the bulk
of these travel orders were for those
going under the Home Leave Travel
Plan which returns them to their
States home, transportation paid, every


two years. Since these travel orders are
issued well ahead of the actual embark-
ation date, the families involved may
be starting out anywhere up to 30 days
from now.
The Home Leave Travel plan has been
in effect since September 1954, but most
families took their "paid" vacations the
following summer. Since employees in
general must agree to remain in the Canal
service 22 months after they return to
duty from their home leave, the families
who took their first "paid" vacations in
1955 are just now again becoming eligible
for the home leave and, consequently,
travel may be heavy throughout this
summer.
The 168 families for whom travel orders
were issued in the April 1-May 22 period
do not include the many others who are
paying their own way to the United States
either because they do not yet have the
two years of service which entitles them
to Home Leave Travel, or because they
are making short trips on personal or
family business-college graduations are


A; M. Faucette, Counsel for the Senate Civil Service and Post Office Com-
mittee, center, spent ten days here in May, talking with Zone officials and
labor groups on treaty provisions. Above he is shown with Maj. Gen. Louis
T. Heath, Chief of Staff, Caribbean Command, and Governor W. E. Potter.

June 7, 1957 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 3


a major family interest, just now-and
want to save the "paid" transportation
for a later time.
A check of these 168 travel orders shows
that the Panama Line's two ships are
still the favorite means of transportation
for Zone families. Of the 168 families, 72
are making the round trip aboard either
the Ancon or her sister ship, the Cristobal.
Since the early part of May, the
Panama Line ships have been running
full on their northbound voyages and
at the time this issue of "The Review"
went to press, the southbound sailings
on June 28 and July 5 were booked solid.
Another 50 of the 168 families had
worked out a combination of plane and
Panama Line travel; by far the majority
of them fly to the States and return by
ship, for several reasons, according to
James Thompson and Fred M. Wells of
the Transportation Section.
Some people just simply want to get
started on their vacations (See page 15)


TIPS TO TRAVELERS
.. The underside of automobiles
which are being taken to the States
aboard ships must be washed by a
pressure hose or steam cleaned be-
fore the cars are loaded. This is a
Department of Agriculture require-
ment.
. . Travelers between the Isthmus
and the States, both north- and
southbound, should have with them
a vaccination certificate, preferably
an international certificate, issued
within three years of the travel date.
. . Returning vacationists report
the confiscation at the N. Y. piers
of fruit they were carrying, includ-
ing Haitian alligator pears. Permits
to import fruits and vegetables into
the States must be obtained from a
U. S. Quarantine office whose ad-
dress is given as 209 River St., Ho-
boken, N. J., and in making such
requests the traveler must know the
scientific name of the fruit or plant
he is importing. Fumigation or de-
foliation may be necessary.
. . And air travelers also report
frequent bans on taking flowers into
Miami, a plant disease preventive
measure.


q F-i-/- l -/. a)




























-w Mi- -- f ----- I
Robert Van Wagner, Insurance Board Chairman, meets Omaha Mutual officers.

Group Health Insurance


Canal employees are utilizing the serv-
ices of their Group Il .lth Insurance
plan. This was established .1,.:rlv last
month by fie.urir released by the Insur-
ance Board.
By the :nhIlli of May, more than ,4i10
of the i;lq r.,.im.ti.it-l I nuII mrni l,\'..-
on the Co.'mpini\ -Government rolls were
members of the insurance plan, the first
of the kind to be made available to em-
ployees a, a whole. And as of the same
date. 337 claims had been presented to
the insurance company by members of
the ;r."u II Health Insurance Program.
Th, claims r.IiL 1 from maj.-r surgery to
removal of a splinter.
While employees continued to enroll
and while claims were being paid,
Robert Van \Vatnrr. President of the
Canal Zone Group Health Insurance
Board, was in Omaha, conferring with
officials of Mutual of Omaha, the un-
derwriting firm for the master policy.
Mr. Van \\ .i1ni r. who is shown above
i. '. i ., i: details of the Ili''ri.m i'. ith
Emerson Adams, executive vice I pr, ,il-nt.
and Gale Davis, vice president in charge
of group operations, is on leave in the
United .- I- i He spent part of last
month in Omaha, obtaining first-hand in-
formation on the claims and administra-
tive procedure of the insurance company.
ilh local plan has been in effect for
such a comparatively short time that not all
members are aware of the extent to which
they and their dependents are cvoered.
The policy fir *'..iI,..ii -(G.vernment
* ill.l1' . for all .i, .' i t performed
I. 1,' or a licensed iph'. -i iun, re-
,'..11 .. whether r this -lr c. r\ is per-
f ..i I 1in a hospital or elsewhere. One
recent claim was for i.r ', necessary for
the removal of a part of an arrow from
an employee's F' .,_, r.
i('l.r, forms for surgery may be ob-
tained by writing the ii. iriii, company
at Box 1002, Diablo Heights, C. Z., or
from the *'.Iiii .,ii li now located in
I)eLcsseps Park in Panama City, f' lire
il. new Legislativxe Palace.
Although the charter enrollment per-
iod for the insurance plan ended March
25, applications are still being received.
Some of these are from new employees
or from employees who were on leave
during the enrollment period, but


-A Report To The Reader
many are from employees who did not
sign up earlier. In the case of the lat-
ter, the insurance is selective, i. e.
exceptions may be made for treatment
of some chronic or other ailments.
EInply'.- I pr -.niitaiti.,.. in the var-
ious Company-Government divisions still
have a supply of the forms needed for
original applications. They also have
forms used when additional coverage is
desired, such as in the case of a new de-
pendent a bachelor nrmpliyv- m..y ac-
quire a \tlfv or a married couple a new
baby for instance. Also available from
these employee representatives are forms
used when there is a change in pay status
and the payroll deduction cards which
must be -iL'nl in duplicate and accom-
pany each :iii :ititn..


Need Targets?


He Makes 'em

Clay pigeorn !-ili. their name. They
aren't made of clay in the first place, and
in the second they don't look at all like
pigon<.
But re.gardl, ..s of all that, clay pigeons
are an essential part of any skeet shooter's
sport; those which shatter before the ex-
pert fire of Canal Zone shooters are a
pur-ly local product produced by the
skillfull hands of Lee B. Carr, President
of the Pedro Miguel Gun Club.
He puts out a :t,-adly supply by care-
fully salvaging all lit- and pieces of the
shattered targets, melting them down in
a large tank, and then remodeling them
into their irigin:al shape with a huge
"Rube (G;ldblerg" machine of his tmn in-
vention.
What emerges from this monster are
small round black discs with white
centers which must be as fragile as the
shell of an egg, but strong enough to
stay together when fired from the tar-
get ejecter. They are usually composed
of river silt and pitch, as clay is too
durable to break easily when hit.
Mr. Carr, who is a retired Canal em-
1l.,y.'. -upplies the targets for Gamboa,
CrI-.',tI.l, and Balboa Gun Clubs, as
well as f.,r Pedro .Ml'ul-1.
During the war, no clay pigeons were
;'.;nl.iI.- on the Isthmus due to th,- inter-
ruption of shipments from the I'lvitd
St.itL.-. He volunteered thi use of his
machine to the Army which ran it 21
hours a day .-:UIppl1ii tirp.t1, for the
soldiers.
Retired in 1944 from his job as boiler-
maker, Mr. Carr has spent the last 13
years traveling and working at his hob-
bies, which include making gunstocks,
carved from mahogany, in his w workshop
adjacent to the skeet range.


Lee B. Carr, President of the Pedro Miguel Gun Club, inserts a clay pigeon, one
of the many he produces in his workshop at the skeet range, into target ejector.


4 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


June 7, 1957













TREES


(Now You'll

Know Them)




Even the village smithy knew when he
was standing under the spreading chest-
nut tree-that is, he knew it was a
chestnut tree and not a sugar maple.
But down in the tropics, most visitors
and even residents of long standing have
difficulty in identifying any tree more un-
usual than the common mango or perhaps
the frangipani.
This unusual state of affairs came to
the attention of the members of the Canal
Zone College Club Nature Study Group
recently after having had a few sad ex-
periences themselves with the questions
asked by visiting tourists.
In Balboa and Ancon alone they
found there were hundreds of beauti-
ful trees of various types which could
be found along the principal streets of
most Canal Zone towns and in gardens.
Only a few residents knew the names
of some of them and no one seemed
to be able to identify all of the trees.
Headed by Mrs. H. W. Schull, Jr. and
Mrs. Roger W. Adams, members of the.
club, working in teams of two, took
Walter Lindsay, Panama Canal Agron-
omist, in tow and made a systematic tour
of Ancon and Balboa. They identified


A Christmas Tree, but not the holiday kind, makes a background for Mrs.
Roger Adams, left, and Mrs. H. W. Schull, Jr., who helped label 100 trees.


most of the trees and after pooling their
findings, decided that a representative
group was located on a trail starting near
the Goethals Memorial in Balboa, con-
tinuing over the Balboa Heights Road,
past the Governor's residence and down
Gorgas Road to the former Ancon Post
Office and the Tivoli Guest House.
Along this route, 100 of the most inter-
esting trees were labeled with large metal


New Project Engineer for the Power Succeeding Mr. Smith as Electrical
Conversion Project, effective July x, is Engineer, the title borne by the Chief
J.BartleySmith,left above. Hehasbeen of the Electrical Division, will be Roy
on duty in the Power Conversion Office D. Reece, who is presently Assistant
since the middle of May but does not Electrical Engineer and is shown at the
officially assume his new post until the right above.
first of July when he succeeds Col. E. Both the engineers are Indianans,
B. Jennings in that position. Colonel both are graduates of Rose Polytechnic
Jennings will leave early in July for his Institute, and neither has ever worked
new assignment at the Armed Forces for any other Canal unit except the
Staff College in Norfolk, Va. Electrical Division.

JIn 7 197TEPNMACNLRVE


tags bearing both the Latin and common
or local names. The labels are large
enough to be seen from the road if the
tour is being taken by car.
The Nature Study Group members
found that the research was an education
in itself and that names given to many
of the trees made the tour through Bal-
boa sound like a trip to Never-Never land.
Below the Administration Building
at Balboa Heights, for instance, there
are a sacred fig, a sausage tree, and a
rain tree. The latter shuts its leaves
when the skies are overcast. The wood
is used in Hawaii for the manufacture
of fine furniture.
Near the Balboa Heights Railroad sta-
tion is a monkey pod tree which pro-
duces a fine brazil-type of nut which is
edible in small quantities. Too many
will make a person deathly ill and in time
he will lose his hair. This actually happened
one time to one skeptical Canal employee.
A cigar box cedar, whose wood is really
used for the manufacture of cigar boxes,
is located along Heights Road; a rubber
plant of the type which produces Brazil-
ian rubber stands near the Governor's
residence near where there is also a Pan-
ama hat palmetto, the fiber of which is
used in Ecuador for the manufacture of
Panama hats.
Some of the other varied and exotic
trees listed are the Chinese fan palm,
Pacific Island palm, cocao, breadfruit,
Waringian fig, star apple, Pride of India,
teak, calabash, mangosteen, sand box,
cabbage bark tree, and cuipo.
Members of the Nature Study Group
whose ultimate aim is to write a book
on the flora of the Canal Zone, include-
in addition to Mrs. Schull and Mrs.
Adams-Mrs. George 0. Lee, Mrs. Wal-
ter Dryja, Mrs. J. C. Turner, Miss Kaye
Clark, Mrs. John R. Hammond, Mr;.
Walker M. Alderton, and Mrs. D. B.
Hathaway.


June 7,1957


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW
















SAFE BETS


HONOR ROLL
Bureau Award For
BEST RECORD
APRIL
SUPPLY AND EMPLOYEE SERVICE
BUREAU
HEALTH BUREAU
CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU
AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR
Civil Affairs.--......--------. ----. 3
Health....-----..------------------ 3
Supply and Employee Service --... 2
Engineering and Construction -.... 1
Marine-----.-----.--.. ------------. 1
Transportation and Terminals.....-. 0

Division Award For
NO DISABLING INJURIES
APRIL
COMMISSARY AND SERVICE CENTER
DIVISION
NAVIGATION DIVISION
HOSPITALS AND CLINICS
MAINTENANCE DIVISION
HOUSING AND GROUNDS DIVISION
DREDGING DIVISION
INDUSTRIAL DIVISION
ELECTRICAL DIVISION
MOTOR TRANSPORTATION DIVISION
RAILROAD DIVISION
STOREHOUSE DIVISION
POLICE DIVISION
FIRE DIVISION
AIDS TO NAVIGATION
SANITATION DIVISION

AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR
Aids to Navigation .......--- .--... 4
Electrical----..-....----.. ...--.-- 4
Fire- .--..................--...----------- 4
Housing and G;riund .. ... 4
Industrial . ... ... 4
Motor Transportation .............------------ 4
Sanitation ------------..-------------.............. 4
Commissary and Service Center-.. 3
Dru-iagin 3
lln pills and (.linics .. ..... 3
Maintenance.......-------------....-----...... 3
Police ..-------..--..-.--------..------....---.....-- 3
Railroad ....-----. .------.--- .. 3
Storehouses .---------------------- 3
Locks--- .......---.----........... 2
Navigaiioin ................ ... .... 2
rerrninal .-...--..- ......---- ....- I


How many times have y, u driven
around a curve in a highway at night
and suddenly come upon a truck, bus,
or car parked on the pavement without
light.? Then only by frantically manip-
ulating the wheel-and a great deal of
luck-y-,u managed to miss the several
people standing around watching a man,
squatting out in the nuddle of the high-
way, changing a tire? Finally, when your
car had come to a stop and your heart
had dropped back into place, hadn't you
then noticed no one seemed much con-
cerned by the fact that they had created
a very hazardous situation and had just
escaped injury, if not sudden death?
This is no unusual experience. There
occur many such cases, some resulting in
most unhappy consequences.
Most States have laws prohibiting
parking on the pavement of highways at
any time, especially at night without
lights. Such highways are being con-
stantly patrolled and violators are soon
picked up, but few people down here pay
any attention to highway safety and will
park out on the highway at any time and
at any place.
Let's suppose, however, that you have
a flat tire and are parked on a curve at
night. Have you protected yourself and
family with ample accident insurance?
Is the premium paid? Does your family
care about you or would they rather have
your insurance? Do you value the old
tire more than your life and the price of
a new one, rather than move to the
shoulder? Are you prepared to assume
the moral r,.pnsiibilty if someone else


APRIL 1957
BUREAU

Supply and Employee Service Bureau

Health Bureau

Civil Affairs Bureau

C.Z. Govt.-Panama Canal Co. (This Month)

Marine Bureau

Transportation and Terminls Bureau

Engineering and Construction Bureau


Number of Disabling Injuries ............3


is injured or killed by your thoughtless-
ness and laziness? Remember you are
just as re-ponsiblt. in creating this hazard
as you would be lb thriw ing a switch in
front of an oncoming train and wrecking
it.
There are better ways to protect your-
stlf other than outlined above:
1. Keep your car in repair and with good
tires on all the wheels.
2. If you do have trouble, pull well off
the pavement and give yourself safe
room to work, even at the expense
of the inner tube.
3. Look in the December 1956 number
of the Consumers Research Bulletin,
available at the Library, and read up
on the sf-ty lights on the market.
Most are battery powered and when
placed right will give adequate warn-
ing to others that danger and you
are ahead.
4. If you are planning a trip to the Status
or to the interior of Panama by auto-
mobile, you should not be without
at least one of these red-flashing
lights. Supplement it with a couple
of red flares similar to those used on
the railroad, or some rid s.intch-light
pasted on pieces of ply n rid with a
hinged leg to make it stand upright.
Then if you have trouble, or run into
someone else in trouble, place these
well to the rear for the safety of your
family, yourself, and others.
SAFETY BELONGS TO THOSE WHO
PLAN IT


FREQUENCY RATE-Disabling injuries per 1,000,000 employee.


FREQUENCY RATE-Disabling injuries per 1,000,000 employee-
hours worked.

0 5 10 15


LEGEND


5 10 15
Employee-hours worked ........ 2,137.250


WiR F .-fLV Frequency Rate this month
)-* -"T' Acrumularive Frequrncy Rate this Calendar Year
I 1954-1955-1956 Calendar Year Average


6 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


June 7,1957


--












He's Retiring ..... ...


Raymond Jackson


An idea of what Raymond C. Jackson,
Administrative Assistant in the Office of
the Panama Canal Company's Secretary,
is going to be doing from now on can be
gathered from the picture above.
Mr. Jackson retired May 31 after over
38 years of continuous service with The
Panama Canal and the Panama Canal Com-
pany. Only one employee now in the
Washington Office has a longer period of
employment.
"Jack," as he is affectionately called by
his fellow-workers, had an ability to locate
historical and statistical records pertaining
to the construction of the Panama Canal
u. calledd by none. His special jobs have
to do with records management and prop-
erty control. He is well known to many
employees in the Canal Zone, especially
tho.e who have visited the Washington
Office on official business.
He plans to catch up on some of the
chores on his small farm near Gaithers-
burg, Md., and hopes also to cut enough
off his golf score to beat his two sons. He
plays an expert game of checkers, but ad-
mits that there is room for improvement in
his chess game-a project which may oc-
cupy him on winter evenings.



PANAMA L



Official Panama Canal Company Publication
Published Monthly At Balboa Heights, C. Z.
Printed by the Printing Plant, Mount Hope, Canal Zone


W. E. POTTER, Governor-President
H. W. ScnULL, JR., Lieutenant Governor
W. G. AREV, JR., Public Information Officer


J. RUFus HARDY, Editor
ELEANOR H. MCILHENNY, Assistant Editor


On sale at all Panama Canal Service Centers,
Commissaries, and Hotels for 10 days after publica-
tion date at 5 cents each. Subscriptions, $1 a year;
mall and back copies, 10 cents each.

Postal money orders made payable to the Pan-
ama Canal Company should be mailed to Editor,
TaE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW, Balboa Heights, C. Z.


June 7, 1957


Chinch bu-has ha better duck for cover
these days The Ho,.Igi; and Grounds Div-
ision has de, la.rel I ii I war and, since the
rainy season began, the Division has started
a systematic spraying of all the lawns on
both sides of the Isthmus. The spray has
an unpleasant odor which will dissipate in
a short time, but Zone authorities believe
that the results will be more successful than
those achieved last year.
Spraying is being done by means of sev-
eral new power sprayers which are doing a
fast and efficient job. The spray being used
was found to be successful in Flolida re-
cently, but experiments will continue locally
until something can be found which kills
the unpleasant pests which have ruined
many good lawns in the past two years.
In addition to the spray, the Housing and
Grounds people are also experimenting with
new kinds of grass which may be resistant
to the chinch bug. Most lawns in the Canal
Zone are now planted with java grass which
grows like wildfire in the tropics but is
steak-and-potatoes to the destroying chinch.
One of the new types is the soysia grass,
now being grown in Florida. So far, how-
ever, it hasn't spread, as it should, in the
Canal Zone.
Authorities say that there are more than
200 varieties of chinch bug and that the
type which is ruining Isthmian lawns has
not yet been identified. The most common
of the species goes by the Latin name of
Blissus Leucopterus. Like all chinch bugs,
he likes to attack the grass roots when they
first begin to grow. They have been a
scourge in Florida for many years.
A "slightly" overdue library book is
back on the shelves of the Canal Zone
Library, but how and when it went on its
long travels, no one will ever know.
Last month, Librarian Eleanor Burnham
received a package, and a note from Carl
W. Hull, former librarian for the Army at
Quarry Heights. He was enclosing, he
said, a "slightly overdue" book which had
turned up on the shelves of the Cambria
Free Library in Johnstown, Pa., where he
is now librarian.
He had no idea oi how long the book, a
copy of Bram Stoker's "Dracula," had been
in Johnstown or how it had gotten there.
The copy had been borrowed from the
Cristobal Library on March o1, 1933.
John M. Purvis, Jr., Pressroom Head of
the Panama Canal Press (which prints THE
PANAMA CANAL REVIEW), has just been
awarded a diploma in American Law and
Procedure by LaSalle Extension University
of Chicago, after three years' study in his
spare time.
A graduate of Balboa High School, he
studied for a year at Carnegie Institute of
Technology. This is the third correspond-
ence course he has completed in the past
three years. He took two courses with the
International Printing Pressmen and Assist-
ants Union of North America in addition
to his LaSalle law training.
He is now Legislative Chairman of the
Canal Zone Labor Union and plans to con-
tinue his studies in the legislative field and
graphic arts.
Applications are now being accepted for
renewal of licenses to hunt in the Canal
Zone. Pacific riders may get their hunting
permits at the License Section in the Civil
Affairs Building; Atlantic siders may get
the application blanks at the Cristobal
Police Station.
In either case, the cost is $i.
Dr. Harold Mondragon was scheduled to
arrive here this week to succeed Dr. Gerald
E. Cosgrove, Jr., as Chief of the Board of
Health Laboratory in Ancon. Doctor Cos-
grove leaves later this month to join the
staff of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory
in Oak Ridge, Tenn. Doctor M.lJolr.w;...u
comes to the Canal Zone from Ihe Fir-t
Army Medical Laboratory in New York.
Doctor Cosgrove has been here since
June 1955, having come here from Rapid
City, S. Dak. He has been Chief of the
Laboratory since last October.


7


......... He's Leaving


Major David H. Smith


Two young officers of the Corps of Engi-
neers will swap assignments next month
when Capt. Peter Grosz succeeds Maj.
David H. Smith as Military Assistant to
the Governor.
Captain Grosz has just completed a
course at the Army Command and General
Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kans.,
and when Major Smith leaves here he will
head for Kansas to enter the same school.
The two officer, cr.,lujie.l from West
Point together in 1046 .indI lth saw service
in Korea, .ltilo,..h not in the same outfit.
Captain Grosz is married and has three
children-a stepson, 13, andl ,l\ -ar.l.Lirl
twins, 7. He and his family ill .irro e here
about the middle of July.

An extremely interesting science motion
picture film, entitled "Our Mr. Sun," pro-
duced by the American Telephone & Tele-
graph Company, was shown last month to
pupils from fifth grade up, in all of the
Canal Zone schools. The showing took
place in the Service Center theaters.
Also during May, students in biology
classes saw another science film. This pic-
ture, of a more technical nature, was en-
titled "Hemo, the Magnificent."


CIVIL DEFENSE
NEWS


Philip L. Dade, Chief of the Civil Defense
Section, returned to the Canal Zone late
last month from an official trip to the States
which took him to the Civil Defense Staff
College at Battle Creek, Mich.
He also visited Civil Defense offices in
Washington, D. C., and Thomasville, Ga.

Common household items may be used
to make an improvised stretcher in a civil
defense or other emergency, the Federal
Civil Defense Administration points out.
Possibilities include an ironing board, the
leaf of a dining table, a door, or a window-
shutter.
The FCDA also suggests that hot-water
heaters would provide a good source of un-
contaminated water after a nuclear attack.


JUNE VOLUNTEER CORPS MEETINGS


Date Town
5 Margarita and
New Cristobal
6 Balboa
22 Rainbow City
13 Gamboa
17 Paraiso
18 Gatun
19 Diablo


Place
Service Center
Margarita
2428 Morgan Ave.
School
Civic Center
School
Service Center
Service Center


Hour
9 a. m.

9 a. m.
6:30 p. m.
8:30 a. m.
7:30 P. m.
8:30 p. m.
9:30 a. m.


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW












Digitized by thi
in 2010 witl
Lyrasis Members c


y Internet Archive
i funding from


nd


S


loan Foundation


http://www.archive.org/details/panamacanalr71119577pana





[Fifth And Final Article In A Series On Canal Capacityl


Sea Level Or A Lock Type Canal?


Battle Of The Levels Is Not New


With Gatun Lake dry, this is how the Canal Zone would look as proposed in
the 1947 Studies. A flRood control system would divert the Chagres to the sea.


;:,..i.'. ', "."2 .nrt :-.. .. .' -- ___:_" __-' _:'._._ :--_____._
:"!. i',' .'; 'n" ':' '1 ""' :: ": "q. ; i .*- ': ':.' 'E '" 9?"*
. ". .... ." L.... A...
.' . ./:,. ,., : ,.. ,o *' ."" .G ".;.'


Tide-making machines duplicated the Atlantic and Pacific tides in the mile-long
sea level canal model at Miraflores. The section above is looking north.


When William Howard Taft was Sec-
retary of War, it came his turn in 1906
to express his opinion on the advisability
of constructing a sea level or lock canal
and he summed up a world of argument
in a very few words.
He concluded a ten-page letter to Pres-
ident Theodore Roosevelt, forwarding the
majority and minority reports of the
Board of Consulting Engineers and the
view of the Isthmian Canal Commission,
with the following words:
"We may well concede that if we
could have a sea level canal with a
prism from 300 to 400 feet wide, with
curves that must now exist reduced,
it would be preferable to the plan of
the minority ifor a lock canal, but
the time and cost of constructing such
a canal are in effect prohibitory."
The arguments pro and con on a sea
level canal are no less acrimonious today
than they were a half century ago, but
neither side has erased the question of
whether the costs are prohibitive. Lay-
men may continue their arguments for
another century on whether a Panama
sea level or lock canal is better, but the
answer will be made on the basis of
national policy. The dollars and cents
of the simplest, shortest, safest canal
must be balanced against a possibly
cheapermore vulnerablesubstitute. When
either will be needed depends upon deci-
sions of higher authorities.
There are a thousand and one complex-
ities in the debate, not the least of which
are nuclear weapons, vulnerability, na-
tional welfare, and national defense. But
even these, important as they are, all
point finally to the question: Are the
costs prohibitive?
The conversion of the Panama Canal
to a sea level waterway as recommended
by Gov. Joseph C. Mehaffey on the basis
of the Isthmian Canal Studies of 1947
would have cost $2,483 million. The
plans and cost estimates were reviewed
in 1955 by the New York engineering firm
of Parsons, Brinekerhoff, Hall & Mac-
Donald and a new cost estimate of
$3,688 million was set.
The 1947 Studies were conducted by
the Special Engineering Division, first, es-


tablished in 1940 for the Third Locks
project. It was headed by Col. James H.
Stratton, now retired and member of a
consulting firm. His staff of never more
than about 200 was composed mainly of
carefully selected young men with out-
standing records in various branches of
engineering and science, some of whom
today are leading authorities in their
fields.
The studies were made with pains-
taking care and, throughout, the Special
Engineering Division had the assistance
and advice of both Government and pri-
vate agencies interested in the problem.
At the outset, a Board of Consulting En-
gineers was appointed to serve in an
advisory capacity on the studies and eval-
uation of the results. This was composed
of some of the most eminent engineers
of the United States.
Model testing and laboratory investi-
gations were employed on a wide scale
both on the Isthmus and in the United
States. U. S. Government agencies assist-
ing in the investigations included the
Atomic Energy Commission, the UI. S.
Army Ordnance Department and Chem-
ical Corps, various branches of the U. S.
Navy, and others.
The report and recommendation of
Governor Mehaffey were reviewed in
draft form by the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
the Department of the Navy, and the
Atomic Energy Commission, all of
which fully concurred in the main
premises of the final report.
At the first meeting of the Board of
Consultants a resolution was adopted to
the effect that no plan affecting the Pan-
ama Canal would be approved under
which the capacity of the Canal would
be impaired or seriously reduced during
the course of such changes. This impor-
tant factor was kept well in the forefront
throughout the studies which related to
modifications to the existing waterway,
construction of a third set of locks, build-
ing a parallel sea level canal, the terminal
lake plan, and the conversion plan.
Extensive studies were devoted initially
to two routes in or adjacent to the Canal


No Feature of the proposed sea level canal has aroused more speculation than tides. The dia-
gram above shows the navigable pass, and that below illustrates the tidal regulating facilities.


Zone which became identified as the
Chorrera and Panama Parallel routes.
These were made because a sea level
canal could be constructed on either of
these routes without traffic interference.
Subsequent studies, however, disclosed
that the existing Canal could be converted
to sea level without appreciable traffic
disruptions. While the Chorrera and
Panama Parallel routes were found to be
feasible the present Canal route follows
the more favorable alignment and the
conversion cost would be less than con-
structing a new canal.
The plans evolved for converting the
Canal into a sea level waterway were so
fully developed when the studies were
concluded that the project could have
been initiated without delay.
Although the sea level project would
be one of the greatest engineering tasks


ever contemplated, no problems of an en-
gineering nature were encountered which
were insurmountable, and the final plans
were reduced to the utmost in simplicity
for a work of its magnitude. Several sali-
ent features either new or formerly con-
sidered impractical were developed. These
included:
I. An excavation plan whereby ap-
proximately 70 percent, or 750 million
cubic yards of material would be re-
moved by dry excavation and only
300 million cubic yardss by the more
expensive method of dredging. Modern
earth-moving techniques could reduce
even this figure.
2. The design development of dredg-
ing equipment for excavation of the
new channel to required depths in sec-
tions of Garun Lake or the Canal chan-
nel where wet excavation methods


would be used. This would permit the
lowering of Gatun Lake In one stage
at the completion of the work.
3. Simplified tidal regulating and
flood control features.
4. Non-interference with normal
Canal traffic while the work was in
progress and a traffic interruption for
about seven days at the end of the
project to empty Gatun Lake and re-
move land plugs at the new channel
extremities.
The proposed canal would be a broad,
open waterway free of dangerous curves.
It would be about five miles shorter than
the present Canal and would save about
four hours in transit time. The channel
would be 60 feet deep at low tide with a
600-foot width at a depth of 40 feet below
the low tide level.
With the dimensions and the proposed
alignment, the canal would have a capac-
ity far in excess of requirements predicted
for the remainder of this century and
would provide the maximum in safety.
It was estimated that. 37,000 employees
would be required on the project which
would take ten years for completion.
A feature of a sea level Panama Canal
which has aroused much dissension over
the years is the control of tides which
have a variation of as much as 20 feet
between the Pacific and Atlantic en-
trances. To solve this problem a mile-
long test model was built near Miraflores
and fitted with tide-making machines to
duplicate in miniature the tidal effects.
By extensive tests of this scale model
and other hydraulic studies it. was de-
termined that currents up to a maximum
of 4.5 knots would be generated in the
channel during extreme tidal variations.
This would shade to slack water twice
daily because of the diurnal tides in the
Pacific.
The 1947 report recognized that navi-
gation through an uncontrolled sea level
channel would be entirely feasible with
currents up to 4.5 knots but recommen-
dations were made for tidal regulating
facilities as a safety factor and for the
convenience of shipping.


A simple scheme providing wide lati-
tude in operation was proposed. This
was for a tidal lock, 200 by 1,500 feet, on
the main channel with a movable tidal
barrier or dam on a parallel and connect-
ng navigable pass. Both the main chan-
nel and navigable pass could be kept open
an average of 7.7 hours a day, operating
on a schedule to permit currents in the
Canal up to two knots. With this sched-
ule, the Canal's capacity would be 86
transits a day, far more than predicted
in this century, without consideration of
the capacity during the remainder of a
24-hour period when the tidal lock would
be in operation.
The most formidable and trouble-
some problem of the original Canal
builders was that of landslides. This
could be eliminated in converting the
Canal to sea level by use of present-day
knowledge of the strengths and behav-
ior of soils and the complete informa-
tion developed on the type of materials
through which the channel would be
dug.
Advanced techniques in soils mechan-
ics were employed both during the inves-
tigation phases of the Third Locks project
and the 1947 studies in determining the
proper slopes to avoid landslides. Soils
mechanics was an unknown science in the
days of the Canal construction and slopes
vere set by rule of thumb. Today's sci-
ence adequately determines soils charac-
teristics to a degree that the threat of
future slides could be eliminated. By
setting all slopes to the proper grades.
slides can be prevented, even when dig-
ging in loose sand. The determination of
the proper slopes on the proposed sea level
alignment was an extremely tedious task
because of the diversity of the geological
formations.
At some points it was determined that
slopes of such extreme flatness of one foot
in depth to 15 feet in lateral cut would be
required bL-cause uf the weakness of ma-
terial to be encountered.
The use of dry excavation methods for
using nearly three-fourths of the billion
cubic yards of material to be moved is
possible partly because of the channel
alignment but chiefly because of an in-
genious plan developed during the studies.


June 7, 1957


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


June 7, 1957





This plan involves driving a series of
finger canals into the land mass from
Gatun Lake. These would parallel the
excavation site and material being re-
moved would be loaded directly into
dump scows operating on the finger
canals. As the cut was deepened and
extended, new finger canals would be
driven farther into the land.
ThI' pra. ti:-jbility f the dv.-p lr..ljing
plan p,-rmitttint the a.coiin pli-hni,-nt ,if all
wet excavation before mrnptyin.' Gatun
Lake was determined thr. uih design con-
tracts with some of Th.- Irnz -t manufa,-
turers of dredging equipment in the
United States. Their reports concluded
that the plan is fl'.i.hbl and they sub-
mitted preliminary design-: for dredges
which would excavate to the unprece-
dented depth of 145 feet.
There were few new or unknown prob-
lems in constructing a sea level Panama
Canal when the Isthmni.i Studies were
undertaken. Th, main features were rec-
ognized by the French in their attempts
to construct a sea level canal during the
I s I'--. Thy were well explored and de-
bated during consideration of what type
of canal to build after the United States
Government undertook the job in 1904.
One of the. most important of the old
problems for which the investigators
needed an answer in '147 was that of
flood control.
it h the disappearance of Gatun Lake,
one of the largest bodies of artificial water
in the world, the entrance of the Chagres
and other large tributary streams into the
canal channel would make na\ igati,.n dif-
ficult in normal times and imp ni-ilil. dur-
ing floods. The development of an ade-
quate flood control plan was one of the
major '-niine-.rinr problems of the I'l47
studies.
A plan was developed to block off all
streams and tributaries of any conse-
quence by u.ing excavated material to
form ,ilh.. flat dams which would be
difficult of destruction. The Chagres
River would be dammed at Gamboa, cre-
ating a new reservoir there, and '1 \ rtin.,
its flow through a linvi diversion channel
to the Atlantic.
Similarl., barrier dams would block
the flow of large streams on the west
side of the Canal and a large reservoir,
now a part of Gatun Lake, would be
formed for the Trinidad River which
would have its outlet into the Carib-
bean through the Chagres River bed
below Gatun Dam.
The care taken in the I1thnni.n Canal
Stuli, of I'47 is indicated in part by
the final report. The text alone, summar-
izin,! the -.t.lh1- and recommendations,
includes over 100Il) ii.u' of v. ite.i mater-
ial, maps, and charts; in addition, eight
annexes were lull,-hi I. e:rh I'[trer than
th, text, *1I:;linL ,ith 1-p' ti, phases.
Th. subject of these, :nlii .dinL' I.hir con-
tents, are: Panama Canal Commercial
'r itih .'iurL,%'. by Dr. Roland L. lr.rn.-r;
I ulljur,- '.11 it. Needs; Geology; -'1i -,
and Excavation .'ln *. '. 1 t. .I.. v '..L n Ii
Inilr, ,.L'V. Panam a ( i1 l.... ( I'.a l'-,
Panama ,~a Level Canal; and 'i tii r..
Also included in the report were 21 ap-
pendices "..,l iii in, detailed data and in-
formation on every principal phase of the

The r, l'...r is probably the most com-
plete and meticulous i -.i:'. rin-l. report
ever written. It deals exhaustively iih
all the alternates ever seriously Ip...... 1


50 Years Ago
Steamshovels were back at work
throughout the Canal Zone .51 years ago
this month and the Canal force was
making up for lost time. Official figures
showed that, despite the .trike. the ma-
terial taken from Culebra Cut during the
first five months of 1907 exceeded by
almost one million cubic yards the total
for the entire 12 months of 1906.
A "change fraught with evil," the editor-
ial writer for the "Star & Herald" pre-
dlicti, commenting on rumors that the
Sanitary D parlmrnt of the ICC was "en-
deai,,rino t,, transf,'r ithi r'.prrt.itihiliy for
the w~laatio n ,f Panama City to the Re-
public." Ar.4cer4,W tin reported plans, the
United States would pay $20.nno an ually
toward ;'iis task, the balance wiuhtld he paid
by Panama. "The sanitation ,f Panama
has never been so perfect as it is today,"
he declared, uryin:l against the change.
Gertrude Beeks, of New York City,
Sri.retary of the Welfare Department of
the Civic Federation, arrived to investi-
gate housing, food, and amusements of
the Canal Zi,n,'s working force. She had
been appointed to this job by Secretary
Taft. She spoke at the Culebra Club-
house June 21; aincrdirwn to the Star &
Herald, the result of her talk was that
her audience became ICC champions.
The Cristobal t'lu..-.,,'i.. last of the four
built by the Canal r',, ruiti.'l, was opened
formally on June '.".
Bids were asked for two more large
suction ilr-dgl-. each capable of handling
as much material as three or four steam-
shovels. One of the dr,.'.- would be
stationed at Balboa, the other at the
Atlantic entrance to the Canal.
A ?l'l,-lIt '., novel entertainment, a
fight between a bull and a tiger in Poanii
City, turned out to be a first-class fiasco.
The tiger was a jaguar, and a timid one
at that. He escaped into a panicky crowd
of over 4,000 and had to be shot.
25 Years Ago
Zonians continued to watch :h.- activi-
ties of Cnr.--. v.i th some apprehension
as Representatives and Senators slashed
away at funds and tried to bring Gm lern-
mi'nt -ip'nilini- in line a irh the, I'r,.-ldent';
t..I-larril 1-. oninm Program.
As the month ended, the 'C.in.Ir, passed
the E.-'n,,r it, Bill which would cut salaries
,f Government ,imlii,'Iur, bhy either 'l, or
10 percent, I. p" 4t'in on h lb th, r !.,tY were
switched from a six- to a i, -fi ,Iq week or
given a month fuirll'mh I'lpr'.s from
W ',-in, i,, indicated tila the limitation ,f
one rii k.'ii-,i',,i1I.l, I1" in a family had been
inclrl.. l lit, t.:11, tile Canal Administra-
tifn had to wait official word before it could
'.., -e,'i its policy. Canal leave, however,

whether in Panama or other countries.
No matter which way 'h. eventual deci-
sion '.", the' iin11,i riln' is *r.i.lv for use.
I-.r inn.iim\ .1 to c-me the only answer
required will be to the question, "\\ hhirl
plan do we build?"


had not been rut, although the leave of other
Government tmploypeq was restricted to 15
days.
Because of the decrease in Canal traffic.
working shifts of towing locomotive oper-
ators were to be reduced at Gatun and
M iratl.,res Locks from four to three, and
from three to two at Pedro Miguel Locks.
The -ffective date was to be July 1.
With the reduced force, only one side of
Gatun and Miraflores Locks would be in
use before '1:30 a. m. and after 5:30 p. m.
The newly-formed Canal Zone Women's
League spent a busy month. First, they
sold 3,000 button.l, at $1 each, to retain
legislative representative H. A. MeCon-
aughy in Washington to look afhcr (anal
interests, and later in the month they met
to discuss the need for a Canal Zone Junior
Coliigt. On June 22, Governor Burgess
sail thai appripriatirvn for a junior col-
lege would be included in budget estimates
for the next fiscal year.
Governor BurgeC.; approved plans to
build two "modern one-family houses"
on a shoulder of Aneor Hill then occupied
by women's bachelor quarters. These
two houses are now occupied by Paul
Bentz, General Counsel, and Col. Hugh
M. Arnold, Engineering and Cunstruction
Director.)
Isthmiana: Eihly-ltro seniors received
their diplomas at Balboa High School;
Cristobal High School graduated .10; trunks
alone were barred at the Balb',a swimming
pool men bathers had to wear full suits
if they wanted to swim; Governor Burgess
was promoted to the rank of Brigadier Gen-
eral; and the month's risitiors included Dr.
.i rb ur Compton, of cosmic ray fame.
10 Years Ago
Zone labor unions went into ;action
against two bills which would extend fed-
eral ino:ime tax to U. S. citizetns employ,,d
in the Canal Z.in..
The Canal Zone budgl was slashed by
almost $4 million by the House .tppropria-
tions Committee.
Governor Mehaffev appro.ted plans to
increase rental on 'silver" ilu;rti r.. al-
:hwiigh the increase i ',uld not hI effect tv
for about two months.
Th,' Canal rg,,ani:,tlinr adopted a policy
of :i ing 30 days notice qf force reduction
to silver-roll employees, other thanl those on
a "casual or intermittent basis."
Dra\ ines and vpv' ific-arnr for the new
I.UlIb:a thet.,t'r, submitted by a New
York firm. were approved and accepted.
A New York shipping 'trik,- tied up the
SS "Panama" and thri-r thr schedules of
the other ships out of kilter.
James Marshall succeeded C. H. (':il-
houn as Chief of th, Division of ('iml
Affairs and Capt. Edward S. Hutchinson
took over the duties of the liH-ilhi Port
Captain.
One Year Ago
As June ended, the Panama Canal had
set an all-time year's record for traffic
and tolls: 8,209 ic,:n-giing commercial
vessels of 300 tons and over; a total of
$ 17.11ii.'1 collected in tolls.


10 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW June 1,1957


June 7,1957


10 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW







Here's The Man

Who Keeps Things Moving


If it has wheels and moves on them
and belongs to the Company-Government
organization, it probably is the business
of Bernhard I. Everson.
As Director of the Transportation and
Terminals Bureau, he's responsible for
the Panama Railroad and its 9 locomo-
tives and 42 passenger cars and 453
freight cars, and all of the rest of its roll-
ing stock. In the same capacity, he has
the say-so when it comes to the 49 sedans
and numerous trucks, station wagons,
busses and carryalls, and all of the other
vehicles operated by the Motor Trans-
portation Division. And, since the Term-
inals Division is part of his bureau, he is
concerned with its lift-trucks and tractor-
trailers.
Even if the wheeled equipment does
not "belong" to his divisions, its re-
pairs are still his concern. Police cars
and hospital ambulances, for instance,
are carried on the property lists of the
Police Division or the Division of Hosp-
pitals and Clinics, but they are taken
to the Motor Transportation Division
when a carburetor goes bad or a tie-rod
needs fixing.
Over 400,000 passengers each year ride
on the railroad he supervises and the line
carries tonnage well over the 100,000-
mark. Each of the "official cars" in the
Motor Transportation pools runs about
12,000 miles a year, carrying engineers on
field trips, the official photographer on
picture-taking expeditions, and dozens of
other employees wherever official errands
take them. Every day during the school-
year, more than 600 boys and girls ride
from home to school and back again in
busses based at the Ancon and Cristobal
"corrals," and the men under his direc-
tion supervise the operation of almost 90
public transportation busses which run
under franchise on both sides of the Canal
Zone.
All of these things, of course, come
under the Transportation part of his job.
The Terminals are something else, but
they are not as far divorced from Trans-
portation as the uninitiated might think.
Most of the docks and piers, on either


side of the Canal Zone, come under his
direction and it is his ultimate responsi-
bility to see that ships which require sup-
plies are able to take on water or fuel or
load or discharge' cargo.
During the fiscal year which ended
last June 30, over 3,200 ships berthed
at the Canal Company's docks and
piers in Balboa and Cristobal which
handled a work-load of over 2,000,000
tons of cargo, and 15,000,000 barrels of
petroleum products.
The Terminals Division serves as local
agents for the Panama Line ships and for
a number of other lines which do not
maintain a local iagE'ny. Occasionally,
this entails the Railroad Division too:
Cargo shipped from New York on a
Panama Line ship is discharged in Cris-
tobal, shipped across the Isthmus by
railroad, and reloaded in Balboa for a
port in South America, for instance.
Like all jobs, that of Transportation
and Terminals Director has its joys and
its headaches. The most interesting part
of it, Mr. Everson believes, is the day-
to-day working contacts with people in
the shipping and transportation fields.
And the major headache, currently, is
working out some means of returning
business to the Panama Railroad and im-
proving its service to its customers, while
at the same time reducing costs.
This month's "Man Who" has several
distinctions. He has spent more time
here than any other of the Bureau Di-
rectors, he is the only Director to have
attended elementary and high school here,
and he is the only member of the "top
brass" to have spent his entire working
career in the Panama Canal's service.
Born in Brevik, Norway, closer to the
Arctic Circle than the Isthmus is to
the Equator, he was christened Ingvar
Bernhard Everson. When he grew up,
he switched his first two names, so that
he is now Bernhard Ingvar, or the
"Emo" by which he is known to his
friends. As a boy, Emo could speak
the Scandinavian languages but he has
forgotten much of what he once knew.
In 1914, he and his mother and brother


B. I. EVERSON
If things move on wheels, they're his.

came here from Norway to join his father,
a chief operator on Dredge 86. Like most
families of those days, they lived 'round
and about-in Panama City at the old
Hotel Imperial, in a pension on what is
now Tivoli Avenue, and in Colon and
Paraiso before they finally found perma-
nent housing in Pedro Miguel.
Emo Everson held his first Canal job
as a messenger in the old Correspondence
Bureau in 1927, when he was a freshman
at Balboa High School. The next year,
he transferred his allieiance to the Mar-
ine Division and worked there, first as a
rollkeeper's helper and (See page 12)


Blood Bank


Not one Canal employee has had to pay
for blood transfusions at Canal Zone hosp-
itals since February 1, 1956, and it has
not been necessary for the hospitals to
purchase blood since last November.
This is due to a program under which
employees of each Division in the Canal
organization donate blood for fellow em-
ployees who need it. Under a similar
arrangement, members of the Armed
Forces and units such as the U. S. Em-
bassy which use Zone hospitals donate
blood to replace that used for their per-
sonnel.
Between November 23, when this blood
replenishment program went into effect,
and May 3, when the latest figures were
compiled, 445 pints of blood have been
given free of charge.
Before the present program was started
blood donations were obtained from a


small group of volunteer donors and by
purchase from professional donors. Last
fall, an intensive campaign was carried
on in the Canal organization and a body
of potential donors was signed up.
The blood bank at Gorgas Huspital is
located in the Out-Patient Clinic and op-
erates between 1 and 4 p. m. Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday. In case of emer-
gencies, blood is drawn at the Emergenrcy
Room.
Few difficulties have been encountered
although in a relatively small blood bank
such as this, there are occasional short-
ages of a specific type of blood. A pro-
gram for the typing of all potential donors
will be initiated in the near future.
At the present time the list of donors
maintained by the various Bureaus is
made up almost exclusively of employees.
Wives and dependents may also register


as donors to help meet the problem of
providing blood for charity patients, vet-
erans, and foreign seamen, as a commun-
ity effort.
Below is a summary of the Blood Re-
plenishment Program, by Bureaus, for
the period November 23, 1956, and May
3, 1957:

Bureau Donors Recip
Office of Governor-President,
Administrative Branch,
and Miscellaneous -_.. 8 0
Supply and Employee Service 24 32
Personnel-.----------------- 7 1
Engineering & Construction. 18 19
Marine.---------- 44 51
Transportation & Terminals_ 23 35
Comptroller's Office--------- 5 2
Civil Affairs 24 24
Health Bureau_ 26 15


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 11 TotaL -


June 7, 1957


179 179























Every respectable St. Bernard carries
a keg; a blizzard might just happen!


And Not An Alp In Sight!
Snon storms and mountain avalanches Zone when she was only six weeks old
come to mind at the mention of St. Ber- and was so small that Mlr. Panzer could
nards-not palm trees and the tropics- fit her neatly into his coat pocket, but
but residents of Diablo Heights are be- she has grown rapidly and is now only
coming accustomed to the two giant St. 10 pounds lighter than the male. In ex-
Bernards belonging to Herman Panzer, plaining Queenie's fast growth, Mr. Pan-
of 5282 Morrison St. zer pointed out that St. Bernards' diet
Teddy, the six-year-old prize-winning must be carefully watched during this
St. Bernard, weighs 1.3 pounds. He is growth process and extra calcium added
one of the rare, almost perfect, specimens to avoid bone diseases.
of the breed and has the weight, height, At this time young St. Bernards often
and shape of head and body that makes develop a lop-sided appearance when two
a champion. He has participated in seven of the legs grow faster than the other two.
dog shows. Teddy is a show dog in an- Although Queenie was able to adapt to
other way too, having had a fling at acting the climate immediately Mr. Panzer spent
in thr shob "'line of Hearts," produced a year and a half in California near the
recently by the Balboa Theater Guild. desert to acclimate Teddy gradually be-
Queenie, the '.i-yvar-uld, came to the fore bringing him to the Canal Zone.
S- .. Both St. Bernards live in the house
and are exceedingly good housedogs, ac-
cording to Mr. Panzer, who points out
; A that St. Bernards are often pictured in
'y.1 china shops to show their gentle graceful-
ness. The Panzer house is a good test
for them since Mr. Panzer collects crystal.
china, and pottery figurines of dogs, and
Mrs. Panzer has a similar collection of
cats.
The dogs St. Bernards, not figurines
are expensive animals to maintain. They
eat an average of six pounds of beef each
per day and require a great deal of atten-
tion to keep their coats shiny and in good
condition.


Unique here are the two St. Bernards owned by Herman Panzer of Diablo
Heights. They don't seem to mind the heat and humidity of the Zone.


Here's The Man Who Keeps Things Moving
(Continmedfrom paye iI) later as a seaman
for the rest of his summer vacations.
After his Lr:,rludtin as a Mechanical
Engin,. r from ('.Lrrnii.i Tech, he went
to work for the former M1lun iipl I'.nlin-
* rrinj. Division as a filtr.:ti.nr plant oper-
ator at 1M.vlI n D )am, but a year later
decided that he needed to learn more
about crafts work and '.. L';,n an ppren-
ticeship as a machinist.
He, is liri.,i..1 th, r.I1' Canal employee
who ever stepped right from a completed
apprenticeship into a job as assistant to
the head of a Division, but that is what
he did in I'I ;s when he became Assistant
to the Superintendent of the Motor
Transportation I)ivision. Ten years later
he became its Superintendent. In l'i"-'
he was made Assistant I)irector of the
then Railroad and '1I' rriri i Bureau; he
has been its director, under its new name,
sine1, t'- l.
His extracurricular duties include a
number of things, one of the most im-
portant of which is heading the alter-


nate main control center for Civil De-
fense on the Atlantic side. In his spare
time, he goes tarpon fishing on the
(:hagres River from the 18-foot out-
board motorboat "Kirsten" (named for
his mother) which he owns jointly with
John Bruland. So far, a 25-pounder is
the biggest tarpon he has ever landed,
but he has hopes.
He is a member of the Canal Zone
Boy Scout ('Cunil and its committeeman
from ;arN:rrita where he lives with his
v.if ;indI their thr, n-,, John, 13; Ran-
dall, known as Ranl-, 10; and B. I.
Junior, 3, who has just decided that he
is ,'ir, to be called Bimbly for no reason
.in'...,i. can figiur out. Mrs. El.r-in n,
incidentally, is named Phylll-, but is
known all over the Isthmus as "1-'F.,"
also for no very logical reason.
Ile is also a member of the Board of
M.in:iL.mnint of the Cristobal Y1MCA-
I'Sll .nil the Canal Zone Cancer Com-
mittee, and is a 1.ijnr in the Air Force
Reserve.


Committee Appointed

To Plan United Fund

Drive For Canal Zone
Details of a United Fund Drive for the
Canal Zone are now being worked out by
a seven-man steering committee, ap-
pointed last month at a meting of
"givers and receivers" held at the Balboa
Theater.
The committee was to submit a report
late last week and this report u ill be
presented to another "givvrr and re-
ceivers" assemblage within the near fu-
ture. One of their recommendations will
concern the date, pr obably in September
or October of this yvar, for a United
Fund Drive and th. way in which it can
be conducted.
The idea of a United Fund campaign,
to replace the numerous moneu\-raising
drives carried on throughout the year.
has been discussed for sn'm tin e. Last
fall Canal Zone voters were asked to indi-
cate their preference for one or several
drives and voted ovrr helmingly, on bal-
lots for Civil Council members, in favor
of the single drive.
Members of the organizing committee
for the campaign are: Paul M. Runnes-
trand, Executive Secretary; Col. L. L.
Manly, Acting Deputy Chief of Staff for
the Caribbean Command; Ellis L. Faw-
cett, Principal of the Paraiso High
Srh.ol; Anthony F. Raymond. Assistant
.Mlana;grr of the Initid Fruit Criinpan
in Crltnuba], Alton \White. Chief of thr
I)rrdgin I)ivkinn; Carl J. Bro'w ne, Sup-
Irint4nd.lnt of the Balboa Field (ffire of
the Maintenance Division; and Arnold
TIIllrdg.n. Exerutiv. Secretary of the
Hlil boa VM CA- SO .


12 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


June 7,1957






-Honored


PiT


Mrs. Nina Brown Kosik
To Nina Brown Kosik went the
honor this week of learning that her
name will be engraved on the bronze
plaque at the entrance to the Canal
Zone Junior College as the graduat-
ing student who has contributed
most to the college in scholarship,
character, and student activities.
She is the twenty-third student to
be so honored, and the second one
to have been married at the time
the honor was given.
The announcement was made
during the graduation ceremonies
Wednesday.
Mrs. Kosik, the third generation
of her family to live in the Canal
Zone, is the daughter of Mrs. Emma
E. Brown of Balboa, and the late
John L. Brown, and granddaughter
of Mrs. Marie Van Clief who retired
recently from the Canal service. She
was born in Colon and was graduated
from Balboa High School in 1955.
During her freshman year at the
Junior College, she was selected as
the friendliest student and this year
as the most-all-around student.
She was editor-in-chief of this year's
"Conquistador" the college year-
book, and is a member of Phi Theta
Kappa national honorary scholastic
fraternity.
She was married last year to
August J. Kosik, an employee of the
Civil Aeronautics Administration.
They live at Rousseau.


Zone License Sections
Will Be Consolidated
Consolidation of the Land License
office and the License Section, both units
of the Civil Affairs Bureau, will be effec-
tive July 1. John W. Hare, presently
Chief of the Land License Unit, will head
the new consolidated Section. He will
be assisted by Michael Zombory.
As a preparatory move toward the
consolidation, the Land License Office
was moved May 15 to the front section
of the License Office in the Civil Affairs
Building. Land License operations had
previously been carried on from an office
in the lobby of the building.


The Diabli heights Commissary, now
open from 1 to s p. m. on Mondays, will
have a new set of hours for that day, to
be tlff'ctivr within the next few weeks.
This was decided May 27 at a Commis-
sary Forum attended by representatives
of various civic and labor groups from
the Canal Zone's U. S. Rate communities.
The new hours, which will be on a
trial basis for a period of about two
months, will be 9 a. m. to noon, and
2 to 6 p. m. each Monday. On its other
selling days, the Diablo Heights Com-
missary hours will remain unchanged.
The shift in hours was the result of
customer comments and complaints that
there is at present no retail store open
Monday morning where Pacific side com-
missary shoppers can replenish their lard-
ers after the heavy weekend consumption
at home. Several of the Pacific sides
indicated a preference to have Balboa
Commissary open Mondays, but when
the question was put to a vote, the ma-
jority favored retaining Diablo Heights
as the open store on Monday but chang-
ing the hours to permit morning shopping.
The date on which the change in hours
will be effective is to be Monday, June 10,
according to Wilson H. Crook, Supply
and Employee Service Director, who con-
ducted the May forum.
The entire matter of commissary hours,
including a lengthy discussion as to
whether the noon-hour closing be aban-
doned and the stores revert to the former
shopping hours when there was no noon-
time closing, occupied much of the time
of the lengthy May 27 forum.
B. J. Elich, Special Assistant to the
General Manager of the Commissary and
Service Center Division, displayed a
series of charts showing sales throughout
a day at the Balboa Commissary based
on data compiled for the January 27-Feb-
ruary 9 period. These indicated that
there were two daily peaks, one at about
11 a. m. and the other from about 4:30
to 5:30 p. m. On Thursday, when the
store opens at 1 p. m. and closes at 8
p. m., the peak was also between 4:30
and 5:30 p. m.
Other charts showed what the shop-
ping load would probably be were the
store open continuously, the costs of
this increased service (both with addi-
tional personnel and with a staggered
force), and two plans to revise the pres-
ent shopping hours. The cost charts
showed that continuous hours at Bal-
boa would cost an estimated additional
$8,878 per month, if additional help
were added, and about $2,700 per
month if the force were staggered.
Another possibility, also displayed in
chart form, involved a minor revision of
the present store hours on Tuesday, Wed-
nesday, and Friday, to allow for morning
hours of 9 a. m. to 1 p. m. but with the
same afternoon hours, the present hours
on Thursday unchanged, and continuous
operation from 8:30 a. m to 5:30 p. m.
on Saturday. The cost of this would be


June TI, 1957 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


a minimum of $'i,lii, a year more than
the present cost of ,oprdting this com-
missary.
Problems which would arise froni a
shift to continuous operation, Mr. Elich
showed, by another set of charts, would
involve: Preparation of stock prior to
store up,-ning, inventory control, super-
vision and training of employees.
In connection with the discussion on
hours, several of those present reported
that shells arc inuffiittintly stocked
when the commis-'iri,- ipen in the morn-
ing, dlilayingi housewives and others who
want to get their shopping done during
the early part of the day. Commissary
representatives were asked to look into
this matter and take steps to correct it.
At the beginning of the forum, the
customer representatives were told that
a trial shipment of fruit and vegetables
from the southern part of the United
States had not proved satisfactory be-
cause of the delayed arrival of the ship
bringing this produce to the Canal Zone.
"First-hand losses" were as high as 52
percent on celery and 40 percent on green
peppers. Less perishable items, such as
potatoes and watermelons, arrived in sat-
isfactory condition. Investigation, how-
ever, will be continued into the possibility
of such shipments, provided a line can be
found which will make a direct trip to
the Zone. Also being investigated is the
matter of air shipments of fruits and veg-
etables, if a satisfactory freight rate can
be obtained.
Customers indicated their approval
of a system, tried recently at Balboa
when a large shipment of women's
dresses was sold by assigning different
sizes to different days, and also said
that they were pleased with the type
and quality of women's clothes now
being carried.
Other commissary matters reported
included the following: Dress pattern-
books will be available in Balboa and
Cristobal commissaries soon; customers
may order from these books and the pat-
terns will be available the following day.
Arrangements have been made to have
a scissors sharpener outside the Balboa
Commissary one day weekly. Better
quality cotton lingerie is now on sale,
and a wider variety of shoes of all types
is now being ordered.
Additional items requested at the forum
included: A larger stock of teenage dresses
especially size 12, small-size blouses,
girdles for teenagers, French-cuff,:d dress
shirts for teenage boys, dacron slacks for
growing boys, small-size T-shirts and pa-
jamas for boys, and good khaki trousers
for men.
Considerable time was devoted near the
end of the conference to questions on the
inspection of food products obtained in
Panama. Mr. Crook assured the cus-
tomers that all of these food producers
are subject to inspection at any time and
said: "You can rest assured that what
we are selling has been approved by the
Health Bureau."


June 7, 1957


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW













Employees who were promoted or trans-
ferred between April 15 and May 15 are
listed below. \\ ii.i- .r..i- promotions are
not reported.
CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU
Leslie R. Thomas, from Elementary
Teacher to Junior High School Teacher,
Division of Schools.
Curtis B. Jeffries, from Substitute Win-
dowt Clerk to Window Clerk, Postal Di\-
ision.
Louis A. Austin, from Guard, Locks Se-
curity I'.r ,ii II ., substitutee Window Clerk,
Postal Division
OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER
Mrs. Mabel F. Peterson, Accounting
Clerk, from Commissary Division to Ac-
counting Division.
Mrs. Jeanne M. Wheeler, from Plant
Accounting Assistant, Pla-.I \ **.."I. i I,
Branch, to Accounting ( Irrk [', r..il
B ranclh.
ENGINEERING 1) CONSTRUCTION
BL RF %1t
James J. Morris, from Contract Special-
ist to Construction Inspector (General),
Contract and Inspection Division.
Manuel A. Srmth, fr..ii E~r Ticrin; ,1'
(Hydraulic) 1'. \l.i,.r..l...i .\1i I
orological andI I r'1 r I r 'l'i. Branch.
Mrs. Janice G. Scott, ir"I .. ii iin'l;
Clerk to Cost Accounting Clrrk, \l.II.teI
nance Division.
J. Douglas Lord, from Supervisory Store-
keeper (General) to Administrative Assist-
ant (Typing), Power Conversion Project.
Thomas H. Jordan, from Apprentice
Cablesplicer to Cablesplicer, Electrical Div-
ision.
Harvey D. Smith, from Lead Foreman II
to Lead Foreman II, Building Maintenance,
Maintenance Division.
Mrs. Gertrude M. Roberts, from Clerk-
Typist, Office of Chief, Locks Division, to
\....r.ii. Clerk, Water and Laboratories
].r ,.. i-
Robert J. Risberg, from Assistant to
Chief to Assistant Chief, Water and Lab-
oratories Branch.
William C. Williford, from Leadl F-i i',..i.
ti,,.irer. Maintenance, to Lead Foreman 11,
Building Maintenance, Maintenance Divi-
sion.
Peter S. Legge, from rrIr!inu:r Pi.rlime'
Suction Dredge, to Chief [I -' Il. ii I'i,,.,,:r
Dredging Division.
Edward J. Shepherd, Guard Supervisor
from Pacific to Atlantic Locks, L.ocks Se-
curity Branch.
Joseph A. Janko, Guard S.i;r r ;...r. fi.,i,
Atlantic to P'acit c Locks, I ... k r 11,.
Branch.
Frank Borsellino, Charles D. Wood, from
(Gurd to (Gu;ard Supervisor, Locks Security
Branch.
OFFICE OF THIE GOVERNOR-PRESIDENT
Irma A. Leignidier, iron m Illustrator to
Statistical I i i-....... Executive Planning
Stalf.
IIEALTII BUREAU
Mrs. Mildred D. Frtnslry, from Super-
\ isr. Stor "l'('r[i iiw.' I I, 1 I,. Skuiler\ is'ory
Supply (Cler i ', I- i. ,. I ('Ioco l spital.
MARINE Bl REAUl
Dorothy B. King, Cler k-Typis. from l)iv-
ision of Storehou es, to O)fie cof (Chief,
.o k- Division. .
Henry M. Prlidln, Arthur Tuttle, Jr.,
Richard A. MLea-in, Norman M. Currier,
mro Towl%i k +iMa tcr to Pilot-in-Training,
N, ,,''; l)ivi;ion.
Thomas F. Gibson, i(rm I oik Operator
I earlierr r)o I.e;tl P inter ForemI i n. At-
lImih I I ks.
George J. Kr[r.lell frnri S- ihilte Winr -
'Iw (lerk. lo' r l. IDivisiin. to TI i,. ILo-
(mUo1ive (oplerator, L]ock";^ )verlatll-
Ernest C. ,stribrni, trmi Machlinist, In-
htriu l)iision, 1 o lock 1()per, +t)r M ta-
chinist. AVlimti l.i oc s.'
John F. Stephenson, from M\.rine Inslpcc
Sion A'istnt to tliic.i'urer, Na viE.,ti on
S)i vision,
G. G. Thomas, from Mi hiiiiist I F'reman
to loc kn islcr, Atlantiti l.,<. k
George C. -hIt ib, Clifford S. Asbury,
frm Mn l i hinist t)A M). hini ,t Foreman.
;\tl ti(r e L. B il fr
Theodore L. Bailey, fron I'rol) ilionary


Pilot to Towboat Master, Navigation Div-
ision.
Samuel F. Mason III, from Towboat
Master to Pilot-in-Training, Navigation
Division.
William J. Nickisher, Gas Plant Operator
to Electric Welder, Industrial Division.
SUPPLY AND EMPLOYEE SERVICE BUREAU
Hilton B. McPheters, from Towing Lo-
.*ii.,ti'.. 0|Icr]t.ir P icific Locks, to Heavy
1 .ul.Inirnt cOiler orl Division of Store-
houses.
Mrs. Gertrude J. Connard, from Com-
iii-- ir. i--.--1 ,ii C.,mirmissary I)ivision, to
S ier I- r ,Ir. i r. t rvice Center Branch.
Mrs. Alberta M. Stone, fr.,ni ..'intriiiin
Clerk to Supervisory .\i .untingI Clerk.
Commissary Division.
TRANSPORTATION AND TERMINALS
BUREAU
Jimmie Scott, from Guard to Supervisory
Cargo Assistant, Terminals Division.
Lee B. Hunnicutt, from Supervisory
Cargo Clerk to Supervisory Cargo Assist-
ant, Terminals Division.
OTHER PROMOTIONS
Promotions which did not involve changes
in title follow:
Mrs. Audra C. Dougan, Cl.-rk. Housing
and Grounds Division, Grounds Section.
Corneilius J. O'Sullivan, Commissary
Supervisor, Commissary Division.
James L. Snyder,Commissary Supervisor,
Commissary Division.
Mrs. Eunice L. Hamilton, Supervisory
Steward, Service Center Branch.
William Goldfein, S, -teni- A. ,i.nnil.mt
A. ..,utnrir.. Policies and P'r.' f-lire, St iff
Mrs. Anna H. Pruitt, Position Classifier,
Wage and Classification Division.



RETIREMENTS

Retirement certificates were presented
the end of May to the following employees
who at.r li-i.rl .ilh ieii. Il'.., r igether with
their i.irthlii. e', nile-. le. ilh of Canal
service .n,1i li.ure .addrlr-e'
Kyle C. Andress, Florida; Towing Loco-
motive Operator, Pacific Locks; 11 years,
2 months, 3 (lays; Address undecided.
Homer V. Crooks, Oregon. Si:r~cini.
Police Division; 29 years, 5 iu'nilI, 25
days; San Rafael, Calif.
Julius M. Culpepper, A.l.. ,ii.i: Air Mail
Tour Foreman, Postal Ihli j.ii, 28 years,
1 month, I day; Ochlochnee, Ga.
James W. Grey, \ iini.. Supervisory
Cargo Assistant, Terminals Division; 33
S. ,r- n... ,il 1 d- C-innga Park, Calif.
Raymond L. Hendrickson, New York;
,.i,,,,,, I,,,,,.t M aster, N i' ., ,iii D iv-
ision; 16 years, 17 days; Bayshore, Long
.1 ,ri.l N. Y.
He-nr, C. Hotz, Oklahoma; Track Fore-
man, Railroad Division; 24 years, 3 months,
13 days; Kissimiree, Fla.
Duncan Laird, Scotland; Boatlhilder,
Industrial Division; 13 years, 9 months, 12
rl:v-i addresss undecided.
Thomas Lutro, Ohio; Locknmaster, Atlan-
tic LIocks; 26 years, 11 months, 28 days;
Ilialeah Park, Fla.
George Carter Orr, Ml.li, ,ii, pipelinee
Suction DI.1,., Operatir I r.irr.k e Divi-
sion; 27 )ears, S montlt hs,2 '.1.' Peters-
George W. Parker, Massachusetts; Con-
trol Iuse )Operator, Pacific Locks; 24
years, 10 rdals; I)enver, (Colo.
Mrs Mrgarget etterson, \\ i- F-,, Iis-
(al \ .. .. 111, i lerk, Inldustrial l)ivision;
20 years, 10 montiths, 3 days; Florida.
Louis Pierobon, I 1... l...1i, I 1, .1 l'..rr.
lm an, Sheetlnet i l l i. 'i 1 11111. 11 1 1 1 i. I .
sion; 17 vears, 2 v.- ,iih. 7 'I . r I, ,.
Ill for i... k 1 i "
Mrs. Florence Robinette, Spanish lion-
d u ras; I, I, i- ( ..,,,,,;. ,, I ; ;. .,i 14
., ,- 1 i0 l tln "- I. \h nl r l l.La.
George S. Zimmerman, \I,. In,, 1i, Lock-
mastler, Atlanl I ... I .' i r I Iim ntlhs,
15 d.,ys; Floridla.


JUNE SAILINGS


Cristobal_
Ancon .
Cristobal_
Ancon__


PROMOTIONS AND TRANSFERS

April 15 through May 15


Cristobal .-----------------.. June 11
Ancon. --...----- .--. -------- June 18
Cristobal .. ... ..-----------.....---- June 28
Southbound ships which leave New V.nrk Friday
are in Haiti the following Tuesday. Il..s- which
sailfrom New Y.rk I i'. .p.nd .iulldldA in It iil.
rqi ,ir'ie i ri' t.b.ri M .rnd ior iI I.,-' ikl ii'"h ..r irrl
I rr urd, iJd 1 i d.. ra it,er r. icl. clear
,. r. t .' 1 i \ ,,dri d ,.


ANNIVERSARIES


The 41 years of government service which
Edward P. Walsh, Filtration Plant Opera-
tor at Mount Hope, completed on May 25,
puts him in top spot on the May list of
anniversaries. Al hi Cuhll his service has been
broken, it has all been with the Canal or-
ganization and he is one of the nine men,
still working, whose service began before
the Panama Canal was opened.
Born in Perth Amni,. N. J.. he had his
first look at the C',i i /Lrlue Ir.in the deck
of the old S. S. .ll,'iir,. when he was a
youngster just entering his teens. A few
years later (after some odd jobs during
summer vacations) he joined the Canal or-
ganization as a checker at the Gatun Com-
missary.
In 1929, when he had risen to the position
of foreman, he left the Canal Zone to work
for a grocery chain in the United States.
He returned here in 1933 and rejoined the
Canal force as a checker at Cristobal Dry-
dock. All of the remainder of his service has
been with what is now the Maintenance
Division. He has worked as a construction
foreman on what were then new quarters
in Gatun, as a construction foreman laying
sewer and water lines in the I1ur'gening
town of M1:trciriti, and since 1944 mi tihe
Mount I Ili Fillrain Ph.lt
He lives with his wife and their three
children in 'Lr.ir ,riti.. where he spends his
spare time g.,irdliing or puttering around
the house. iii-el i ,, do a lot of In. ling
and played a fine game of baseball, but not
any more, he says.
35 YEARS
With the exception of a short time when
he worked as a salesman in the Commissary
Division, all of William G. Frederick's 35
years of service has been with the shipping
end of the Canal's operation.
Born in Castries, St. Lucia, in the British
West Indies, he attended the British Army
S;kii School before he came to the Isth-
muts i 1919. Much of his Panama Canal
service has been as a signalman.
In this job, he has been part of the "eyes"
of the Panama C111 in di;p..i liher- who man-
age the control ti.nr irnii t wli li all Pan-
ama Canal -hli,;.ri: operations are directed.
lie is on duty in the Cristobal signal station.
30 YEARS
\1., 's two "it \v.tr men both come from
below the Mason-lhxon liir. Iinl both
have to do, directly or rirIri, ii, with
shipping.
J. Ernest Tigert, awho was born in Mt.
I' i-.iTi. Tex i I (;tuard Supervisor in the
Industrial I)ivision where all maritime re-
pairs are done, and Landon H. Gunn, Iwho
is a nati\e of Savannah. (a., is an operator
on the pipeline suction dredge Mindi.
Mr. I r.k II says he has no particular hob-
Iies, but Mr. (;L.,ii r.i.'- I1II busman's holi-
i As if he 'h1111 .1i -prt enough time
ll.. ,, his hobby is ",niIIiin .i. l .1d ili.g
small craft. Iiis current .I.nll.iii is 211.
footer, wh ich he uses to cruise up and down
twhe coast line.
25 YEARS
Silver anniversaries for 25 years of Gov-
ernment service rolled around last month


14 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW Juno 7~ 1957


FROM CRISTOBAL
.-.------------------ June I
.--------------......June 8
-.....-- ...-........June 19
_- - - ------- June 26
FROM NEW YORK


14 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


June 7,1957






COMING SOON
Lt. Col. R. Duncan Brown, Jr., Execu-
tive Officer of the Omaha Engineer Dis-
trict, has been assigned to the Canal Zone
as Engineering and Construction Direc-
tor, it was announced last month.
Accompanied by Mrs. Brown and their
four children, he expects to arrive here
for his new post about July 23.
As Enjinetirnn and Construction Di-
rector, Colonel Brown will succeed Col.
Hugh M. Arnold.
His new assignment will be his third
under Governor Potter. He served with
the Governor in Alaska during the late
1940's and, more recently, in the Omaha
Engineer District.

for two of the Canal's well-known einplu',
ees, James 0. DesLondes and Donald P.
Hutchinson.
Mr. De-l.onle,. a General Supply Officer
in the Di%\-ion of Storehouses in his work-
ing hours, and a baseball fan the rest of
the time, was born in Lafayette, Ind., but
started his Canal career when he was a
wlhoolboy ani held several vacation jobs.
Mr. Hutchinson, a native of Scranton,
Pa., couldn't carry on his present occupa-
tion in his home town-he is a Control
House Operator at Miraflores Locks.
20 YEARS
Two of the eight employees who cele-
brated twentieth anniversaries last month
have unbroken service with the Canal or-
ganization.
These two are: Peter S. Legge, a native
New Yorker, who is now a Chief Towboat
Engineer with the Dredging Division, and
Frank W. Van Home, Iron-Worker Welder
at the Pacific Locks. Mr. Van Home was
born in Mleadville. Pa.
The other six include two-Mary F. Ma-
guire and Robert Van Wagner-who were
born outside the continental United States.
Miss Maguire, Secretary for the Governor-
President for the past four years, is a native
Zonian and a second generation Canal em-
ployee. Mr. Van Wagner was born in Mex-
ico. He is Supervisory Administrative As-
sistant in the Maintenance Division; one of
his major extra-curricular posts is that of
President of the Employee Group Health
Insurance Board.
Others who completed 20 years of govern-
ment service in May are: Robert M. Blakely,
Lead Foreman Machinist in the Industrial
DUivsion. a native of Somerville, Mass.;
John A. McNatt, Auditor in the General
Auditing Division-he counts Nashville,
Tenn., as his home; Mary B. Raymond, a
native of Roanoke, Va., second-grade teach-
er in the Ancon Elementary School; and
F. C. Willoughby, Operator Foreman Me-
chanic in the Electrical Division. He comes
from Cheyenne, Wyo.
15 YEARS
Seven of the 16 employees who completed
15 years of government service last month
have continuous service with the Canal or-
ganization. This septet includes:
Eva M. Grassau, Time, Leave, and Pay-
roll Clerk, Fiscal Division; Ralph L. Han-
ners, Lead Grounds Foreman, Housing and
Grounds Division; Ruth B. Krziza, Clerk-
Stenographer in the Office of the Mainte-
nance Engineer; Elva G. Montayne, Card-
Punch Supervisor, Payroll Branch; Ruth K.
Peterson, Clerk Stenographer, General
Audit Division; Alphonse J. Roy, Second
Mate. U. S. S. Taboga; and Lee E. Sparks,
Supervisory Produce Specialist, Commis-
sary Division.
Other 15-year employees on the May list
are: Roscoe C. Crump, Locomotive Crane
Operator and Rigger and Diver, Industrial
Division; Thomas A. Frensley, Policeman-
Detective, Police Division; E. Guy Huldt-
quist-a native Zonian-Chief Towboat
Engineer, Navigation Division; Earl H.
Johnson, Wood and Steel Carman, Rail-
road Division; Juanita 0. Jones-another
born Zonian-Clerk-Typist, Division of
School-: G. Leroy Koontz, Administrative
Asistantr. Police Division Ernest M. Krue-
ger, lMahinist. Pracifii Lucks; Ida M. Mc-
Dade, Star Nurse. Commnunicable Disease
Clinic. Robert McGuinness, Towing Loco-
motive Operatr. Pacific I..jcks.


CANAL ZONE CONSUMER PRICE COMPARISON
TIME-TO-TIME INDEX
(1956-100)


103.0r


1020


101 0


LEVEL- ICO 0


SALL ITEMS
3 FOOD





I ;: o


CURRENT
MONTH


LAST
MONTH


2 MONTHS
AGO


Zone food prices were down slightly in May from the previous month. there
was a slight increase in the all-item column, according to price index figures.


(Continuedfrom page S) and figure, for
some reason, that vacation doesn't start
until they have set foot on their home-
land. Others have arranged to buy new
cars in the States, fly up to get them, but
bring them back by ship. And still others
want the relaxed feeling which comes with
the six-day sea trip as the happy ending
to a fine vacation.
Zone families are becoming increasingly
air-minded, the figures show. The re-
maining 46 of the 168 Canal Zone families
going on home leave travel under orders
issued between April 1 and May 22, are
making the round trip by plane. Some
of them are going only as far as Florida;
others are California-bound by plane.
They are among the thousand or so
passengers who enter and leave the Canal
Zone each month via Tocumen Airport
in Panama. In a good many cases, the
air travelers are couples, but there were
families of five who had arranged to fly.
The Canal Zone's traveling families
go all over the United States. Florida
is a favorite vacation spot; Texas, New
York State, and California drew several
families. The other states listed as va-
cation destinationswereVirginia, North
Carolina, Massachusetts, Alabama, In-
diana, Missouri, West Virginia, Okla-
homa, Louisiana, Kentucky, New Jer-
sey, Ohio, Georgia, Colorado, and Penn-
sylvania. One family was headed for
Washington, D. C., and another was
bound simply for "New England."
The largest family, among these 168,
was one of seven and family-size goes
down from that family to the bachelor-
maids and men. The family of seven is
that of Dr. Richard Ostenso of Gorgas
Hospital. The Ostensos and their four
sons and one little daughter are traveling
both ways by Panama Line on their 10-
week vacation. They plan to drive from
New York to their home in W\iscons.in.
The Forrest Dunsmoors he's Deputy
Executive Secretary-were somewhere be-
tween California and the East Coast when
this issue of THE REVIEW went to press.
They traveled to San Francisco by ship,
bought a car there, are driving back to
New York, and willreturn by Panama Line.
Charles A. Dubbs, Director of Second-
ary Education in the Canal Zone schools,
and his family are both air and highway
minded. They are flying to Miami, rent-
ing a car there to drive to Indiana and


THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW


New England, and returning to Fl.liiLa
to catch a plane back to the Canal Zone.
The length of vacations varies as much
as the destinations. A few took only a
month their: are the fliers, in general
and a few were to be away for almost
four months. The average seemed to be
about two and a half months.
Until this year's travel orders are finally
counted and tabulated for May, it will be
hard to say whether the total issued this
year will surpass the 285 issued in April
and May of last year. But on a guess, at
the moment, Mr. Thompson thinks this
summer's travel, as a whole, will be a
"shade higher" than last summer's.
And because of the heavy season travel,
whether it sets a record or not, families
have been cautioned to give advance
notice of change of plans which would
involve cancelation of their sailings on
the Panama Line ships, just as they would
have to do in case of rail or plane travel.
Failure to give this advance notice may
involve a loss of priority for later sailings.


Budget, Finance Group

Of Board Of Directors

To Meet Here In June

Budget estimates for fiscal year 1959
will be examined and the budget and
financial program of the Panama Canal
Company and the Canal Zone Govern-
ment for fiscal year 1958 will be reviewed
next month when four members of the
Company's Board of Directors meet here.
The four directors, former Governor
Glen E. Edgerton, Ralph H. Cake, Rob-
ert P. Burroughs, and Howard C. Peter-
sen, comprise the Board's Budget and
Finance Committee. They will be in
session here from Jum- 24 through June 27.
In preparation for these meetings, the
budgets of the various operating units
are now being revised to conform with
recommendations of the Ia n ageii ent Re-
view Committee which examined the bud-
gets in detail in a series of sessions last
month. IMemb-er of the Management
Review Committee are: Governor Potter;
Col. H. W. Schull, Jr., vice president;
Col. Hugh M. Arnold, Enginering and
Construction Dinre'tur; and John D. Hol-
len, Chief of the Executive Planning Staff.


June 7, 1957




UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA



SHIPS AND SHIPPING lilll


Her canned lightdeck made the Ticonderoga too wide to transit the Canal ..


TRANSITS BY OCEAN-(
VESSELS IN APRI


Commercial ...
U. S. Government_

Total ....


Commercial
U. S. Government


TOLLS

t 'i .71i1


GOING
L
1956 1957
1,1i 767
27 I'1

719 780

$ 68,-t.71
68,737


Total .... .$3,118,509 $.,111i5. ll
* Includes tolls on all vessels, ocean-going and small.

New Customers
Panama Canal admeasurers who board
vessels and measure them for tolls are
1lring kept on the hop these days by the
.1ri number of new ships, some just
built, and some just new to the Canal.
During April, 58 new ships arrived at
Canal lprt-, 42 at Cristobal and 16 at
Balboa. And up to May 15, a total of
-'I were counted and measured for tolls,
15 of them at Cristobal and 6 at Balboa.
The influx of new customers is appar-
ently the largest since the period shortly
after World War II when hundreds of
war cargo vessels arrived here after 1lbing
turned over to the merchant marine serv-
ice for operation.
The new ships fly the fla.i of all na-
tions. The nmaijrity are dry-cargo vessels,
built to utilize every inch of rairpi space,
and the hug.. combination ore-and-oil
carriers which ply between South Amer-
ica and U. S. east coast ports.
More Maersks
The Maersk Line, one of the most fre-
quent of the Canal's customers, has
added two more ships to its fleet of pass-
*i', r-fri ihth ru rinning between New
York and far eastern ports via the Pan-
ama Canal.
Duriri. the l:tj. two months, the ;S-
I../., I/,, -I and the '. n launa Maersk
made their maiden Canal tr.,n-ir.. en
route to the Far 1'..i-t.
Th, two 9,7 i-t., I..I- -ni, r-fr. ightrr,
ii'i a th. I. of -1 fr. i.lht r- and tankers
owned by A. P. \1 11. r .,f (',.I-rihit.-n.
'.1, I of them are ir, ul-.r customers of
the Panama I' ii.nl and are ih.'l.l' ,I here
by Fenton & (',nii,., ..


Deck Cargo
When the Panama Line's Cristobal
sailed for New York May 15 she carried
two unusual pieces of deck iargl. One
was a 41 -fi,,t auxiliary motor yacht
llarao, owned by the Crane Plumbing
Company. and the other was a 30-foot
steel gangplank.
The Maraa had arrived here earlier in
the month from Tahiti as deck cargo on
the French ship Tahitian. She was trans-
ferred to the Cristobal and was taken to
New York for sale.
The gangplank was taken to New York
for use on the Panama Line's Pier 64,
where it was used shortly after the Cris-
tobal's arrival to assist the debarkation
of 800 passengers from a vessel of the
Sitmar Line.
Swiss Ship
The MS Silvaplana, one of the four
Swi.-'-re0ister-.d vessels to use the Pan-
ama Canal sinm 1955, made the Canal
transit southbound recently, en route
from Baton Rougi, to Y'kihainm with a
i arg'i of Illi.II.I tons of si.ybeans.
Three other Swiss ships have transited
since last July; they are the first to have
made the Canal transit since tis al year


1955when four Swiss v-esrls went through
the Panama Canal.
The ,ilrutpana was built in Yugoslavia
in i 95.i and is registered in Basle, Switz-
erland.
World Wanderers
You don't have to join the Navy to see
the world any more. Judging by the
number of small sailing (raft and auxil-
iar3y yachts arri ing in Cristobal recently,
a lot of lucky people are doing it on
their own.
Last month a number of small pri-
vately-owned vessels were tied up at the
Yacht Clubs at Balboa and Cristobal,
taking on fuel and stores for voyages to
the West Coast and the South Seas.
One of the smallest was the 11-ton
Nona, out of London en route to Auck-
land, New Zealand, with a crew of three
aboard.
Another Cristobal arrival was the Tr u/l
Fair, a 25-ton auxiliary craft which ar-
rived here from Miami by way of Haiti
and is en route to San Francisco via
Acapulco with a crew of four. She was
suthhlund through the Canal May 16.
The 50-ton Brioadoln II made the
Canal transit May 1.A1 in route to the
U. S. West Coast via Puntarenas and
Pifias Bay. She carried a crew of six.


PLEASE PREPAY...
Employees and their dependents who
order articles to be shipped by Panama
Line vessels to the Canal Zone should
in all cases prepay the Inland freight
or express charges from the point of
origin of the shipments to New York,
Panama Line officials warned last
month.
Some transportation companies in
the United States have accepted orders
without collecting the transportation
costs to New York and then have billed
the Panama Line direct for such
charges. This has resulted in a delay
of shipments to the Canal Zone plus
unnecessary work by the Panama Line.


. . but the atomic-powered submarine Nautilus made the passage with ease.


I