Panama Canal review

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W. A. CARTER, Governor-President
JOHN D. McELHENY, Lieutenant Governor
WILL AREY
Panama Canal Information Officer

. L v K 11
Official Panama Canal Company Publication
Published Monthly At Balboa Heights, C. Z.
Printed at the Printing Plant, Mount Hope, Canal Zone

N. D. CHRISTENSEN, Press Officer
JOSEPH CONNOR, Publications Editor
Editorial Assistants:
EUNICE RICHARD and TOBI BITTEL
WILLIAM BURNS, Official Photographer

On sale at all Panama Canal Service Centers. Retail Stores, and The Tivoli Guest House for 10 days after publication date at 5 cent each.
Subscriptions, $1 a year; mail and back copies, 10 cents each.
Postal money orders made payable to the Panama Canal Company should be mailed to Box 5084, Cristobal, C. Z.
Editorial offices are located in the Administration Building, Balboa Heights. C. Z.

No LONGER is this impressive structure in downtown Panama
Cit\ the scene of train-time hustle and bustle. Its use as the
Pacific terminus of the Panama Railroad ended last month and
the new passenger station in Ancon replaced it in that role.
The masonry building in Panama was built during Canal
Construction Days to replace a frame station located at the
same point. It was at the site of this station that thousands of
passengers bound for the gold fields of California landed on
the Pacific side of the Isthmus, ready to board a ship to com-
plete the trip. The site also served as the Pacific-side terminus
for mian.i, of the workers recruited during Construction Days.
As a result of the October 29 change in stations, Panama
Railroad passenger trains now make their transcontinental
crossing entirely -i ithiin the Canal Zone.
Before this month ends, the freight house in Panama City
also \ ill be moved to new quarters at Ancon and the Panama
l.ilrc.al Yard, which has served the Pacific side of the Isthmus
since the railroad was completed 105 years ago, will be trans-
ferred by the United States to the Republic of Panama in
accordance with the 1955 Treaty and Memorandum of Under-
*t.icidin., between the two countries.

In This Issue

ROPE, AS MOST any sailor can tell you, has been
used for centuries on both land and sea. On ship-
board, rope long has been more than merely useful,
it has been vital. Harbor
craft are no exception. They
not only use rope on board
the vessel, but also over the
sides.
id As this view of the Canal
tug San Pablo clearly shows,
several hundred feet of rope
adl.k- over its sides at all
times. It is, of course, placed
there for the purpose of pro-
tecting the sides of the tug
when it rubs against other
craft, docks, and piers.
These protective clumps
of rope are not merely knotted tovSether haphazardly,
however. They are carefully fashioned by Canal work-
men in a shop at Cristobal and even the frayed ap-
pearance is deliberate-and useful, as a story on
page 12 reports.

THE BIG BOA in the hands of Kenneth W. Vinton
was a pet of his for almost 20 years and traveled with
him to many places in Central and South America
during World War II. The
USO sign on the side of the
panel truck might indicate
that Mr. Vinton was a mem-
ber of a traveling entertain-
ment troupe, but such was
not the case.
With the use of the boa
and other jungle creatures, U S
Mr. Vinton lectured to thou-
sands of U.S. soldiers during
the war on the nature of the
tropics. This "Jungle Scien-
tist" recently has earned new honors for his studies,
as you will learn on page 9.

ON THE COVER
Contractors Hill, historic Canal landmark, has
lost a lot of its menacing appearance in the current
Cut-widening project. The green line on this
month's cover shows approximate contour of hill
before 1954. The photo on which the line is printed
shows what it looked like last month.

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

Contractors Hill section of Cut as widening nears completion. Dredging Division is to remove most of material between Canal and road.

"Big Ditch" Is Getting Bigger

With Cut-widening project nearing halfway mark, Canal
officials look toward accomplishment of other improvements

Status of Canal Improvements
Widening of Gaillard Cut: -More than five miles will have been widened
by late 1963 and the remaining three miles tentatively is scheduled for com-
pletion by mid-1967.
Lighting banks of the Cut: -Virtually all of the lights have been installed
along the east bank. Those along the west bank will be installed as the widening
is completed.
New locomotives for Locks: -Being detailed by Mitsubishi Shoji Kaisha,
Ltd., in Japan, which also will manufacture them. The first six are to be
delivered next year and a minimum of 33 more by mid-1963.
More maneuverable and powerful tugs: -The first of three new tugs being
built at Savannah, Ga., by Diamond Manufacturing Co., Inc., was launched
last month and will be on its way to the Canal before the end of December.
The two others will be delivered early in 1961.
Marine Traffic Control System: -Design work on the electronic system now
is being done by the New York firm of Gibbs & Hill, Inc., and it should be in
use by July 1963.
New Locks maintenance method: -Plans now are being made, with the help
of the Army Corps of Engineers, to reduce the time which Lock lanes must be
out of service for major maintenance. Preparatory work for inauguration of the
new method % ill be started next year.

THE PANAMA CANAL rapidly is pro-
gressing toward the day when its re-
strictive "big ditch" section from Pedro
Miguel Locks north to Gamboa will
have a channel 500 feet wide instead of
the present 300 feet.
The biggest earth-moving project on
the Isthmus since Construction Days is
almost 40 percent completed and the
toli( Lraphli along the west bank of Gail-
lard Cut is taking on a new look.
Completion of the current Cut-widen-
ing job and the other improvements now
underway or on the planning boards is
expected to increase total transit capac-
ity of the Canal to a level sufficient to
handle predicted traffic for several
decades.
A major factor in this boosted capac-
ity, as a direct result of the Cut-widen-
ing, will be a substantial reduction in
the number of ships classified as "clear
Cuts." The number of such vessels now
using the Canal is approaching the level
of 1,500 per year and is increasing
stc.idldl. The widened 'i.ihr\ a\ will

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Sidewalk superintendents are on the job.
make it possible for many of these ships
to pass each other in the Cut, thus re-
moving them from the clear-Cut clas-
sification. The greater width, combined
with the bank lighting now partially in-
stalled, also will provide greater usability
of the Canal at night, thus enabling
more ships to pass through the Cut-and
the Canal-in any 24-hour period.
A secondary benefit from the Cut-
widening is expected to be elimination
of a number of slides which might block
or restrict Canal traffic.
Current contracts and activated plans
call for five miles of the eight-mile Cut
to be widened to the new 500-foot width
by late 1963. Tentative planning for
widening the remaining three miles is
aimed at completing the entire job by
mid-1967.
By that same time, Canal officials
expect to have accomplished the related
Canal improvements of lighting the Cut,
installation of an electronic Marine Traf-
fic Control System, acquisition of new
and more maneuverable tugs, installa-
tion of the new and more powerful
electric locomotives at the Locks, and
inauguration of an improved Locks
overhaul procedure to reduce the length
of time Lock lanes are out of service for
major maintenance.
In the process of widening the water-
way at the Continental Divide, one of
the famous landmarks of the Canal, Con-
tractors Hill, has been reduced from a
420-foot high mass of rock to a hump
of stone 370 feet high. The menacing
face it presented to the Canal for 40
years has been cut back 250 feet and
terraced into a symmetrical, stairstep
pr, Ifilt-
It was, in fact, a big bite off the face
and top of Contractors Hill which
marked the beginning of what since has
become the Cut-widening project.
A crack, which was discovered in 1939
in the hill's face, started a disturbingly
rapid separation in the early 1950's,

Powdery rock dust fills the air as contractor's
drill crew sinks another hole to blast rock loose.

leading to a 1954 contract with the
Tecon Corporation of Dallas, Tex., for
removal of almost 2,500,000 cubic yards
of material from the top and face of
the hill.
Since Tecon started work in 1954, ap-
proximately 18,000,000 cubic yards of
soil and rock have been stripped from
Gaillard Cut, all of it being removed
from the west bank. An additional
29,300,000 cubic yards is yet to be re-
moved before the job is completed.
Following completion of the Tecon
contract in 1955, a contract was awarded
to Ventas Generales of Panama for re-

moval of slightly more than 100,000
cubic yards from the slope just north
of Contractors Hill. A second contract
was awarded to Tecon and Bildon Cor-
porations, on a joint basis, for removal
of 250,000 cubic yards of material be-
tween Pedro Miguel Locks and Paraiso.
First major contract after the Tecon
work was one awarded to the firm of
Merrit, Chapman & Scott in 1959. It
provided for removal of 5,388,665 cubic
yards of material from a strip which
included Contractors Hill. The hill,
which had been cut back about 150 feet
by Tecon, lost another 100 feet from its

Dynamite blast at base of Contractors Hill loosens rock for removal by Dredging Division.

4 NOVEMBER 4, 1960

face in the course of the l,.i iitt. Chap-
man & Scott work.
Second major contract after Tecon
was the one on which the firm of Foster-
Williams Brothers now is working. It
calls for removal of some 7,300,000
cubic yards of material and is scheduled
for completion in mid-1 982. Approxima-
tely 2,000,000 cubic yards already has
been removed by Foster-Williams.
Contractors working on the Cut-
widening will remove all material lo-
cated more than 95 feet above sea level
and will drill and blast the underwater
portion, which is being removed by the
Canal Cornlp.im's Dredging Division.
When the entire Cut, from Pedro Mi-
guel to Gamboa, has been widened to
500 feet, excavation in this eight-mile
stretch of the Canal, from the days of
the French effort to the present, will
total approximately 244,000,000 cubic
yards.
Of this total, about 21,000,000 cubic
yards were removed by the French and
158,000,000 by the American Construc-
tion Day forces. Since the opening of
the Canal in 1914, the Canal's Dredging
Division and contractors have removed
a total of 35,700,000 cubic yards. Still
to be removed are 29,300,000 cubic
yards.
Thus far, the current Cut-widening
has created slightly more than a mile of
500-foot wide channel above Pedro
Miguel Locks. This section already has
proved of benefit by providing more
space in which to maneuver ships enter-
ing and lei\iinm the upper level of the
Locks. Two other short sections of the
widening also have been completed.
Breaking the eight miles of the Cut
into four s-Cn.mi I of one to one and a
half miles each and a fifth segment run-
ning south from Gamboa for three miles,
the current status of the mammoth
earth-moving project is:
1. Paraiso and Cucaracha Reaches,
the already completed area above
Pedro Miguel Locks;
2. The area which includes Con-
tractors Hill, on which Merritt, Chap-
man & Scott is nearing completion
and the Dredging Division is follow-
ing through with its part of the job;
3. Culebra Reach, which was
widened to 500 feet by the Dredging
Di. ison between 1930 and 15 ,
4. Empire Reach, where Foster-
Williams has completed about one-
fourth of its work and the Dredging
Division share remains to be started;
5. Bas Obispo and Las Cascadas
Reaches, which cover the three-mile
segment from the north end of the
Foster-\Wili.ins job to the mouth of
the Ch.agres River at Gamboa, no
contracts have been awarded, but
engineer ing work has started.

Workmen prepare to remount Gaillard Plaque on its concrete supporting wall on a shelf of
Contractors Hill after completion of current Cut-widening work on the face of the hill.

The Case Of

The Traveling Plaque

THE GAILLARD MEMORIAL PLAQUE is
back in place on the rocky face of Con-
tractors Hill after the most recent of two
trips which it has made up and down the
hill since being installed there in 1928.
The new location of the plaque,
which weighs almost a ton, is 105 feet
above the normal surface of the Canal.
This is just two feet higher than the
position which the 9- by 11-foot plaque
first occupied.
The bronze tablet is dedicated to the
memory of Lt. Col. David DuBose Gail-
lard, head engineer of the Central Di-
vision, which carried out excavation of
the Cut from July 1908 to July 1913.
The bas-relief scene on the face of
the plaque is symbolic of the removal
of the last shovelful of earth from the
Cut. Two steam shovels are shown in
the b.itk iiniIl. while two heroic-size
figures in the foreground of the scene
remove the last shovelful of dirt from
the bottom of the Cut.
The tablet was provided by the fam-
ily and friends of Colonel Gaillard, in-
cluding his if e and the Memorial Asso-
ciation of the Third United States Vol-
unteer Regiment of Engineers, the unit
which the colonel commanded during
the Spanish-American War.

When first installed by the Dredg-
ing Division in 1928 the plaque was
mounted directly on the rock of Con-
tractors Hill. In August 1954 the plaque
was removed from its rocky display
place in preparation for cutting back
the face of the hill. Rigging was at-
tached to the plaque and connected by
cable over the brow of the hill to a
winch truck which controlled its move-
ment. The plaque was taken loose, then
lowered by crane to the base of the hill,
where it was crated and removed to
storage until a new location was ready.
In April 1956, the plaque, newly fas-
tened to a free-standing concrete back-
ing wall, was hauled back up the rock
face to a location on the third shelf,
from where it was clearly visible from
passing ships. Early in 1959, as a new
assault on Contractors Hill was started
in connection with the current Cut-
widening project, the plaque again was
removed from the hill.
With current work on the hill now
complete, the plaque has been reins-
talled on the hill in a location not far
different from that selected by Mrs.
Gaillard 32 years ago. Today, however,
it overlooks a Canal that has been in-
creased in width by almost one-third.

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Building

Toward

The

Future

Scholarships are
helping Latin American
\ min'll kt r -i become
teachers, ci.niiineers
and professionals
in other fields

FUTURE TEACHERS, engineers, scien-
tists, and accountants whose talents
might otherwise have been lost to these
fields, now are attending schools in the
Republic of Panama, the United States,
and the Canal Zone, at least partially as
a result of financial assistance by the
Latin American Scholarship Committee
and by the Club Altamira of the Canal
Zone.
The Latin American Scholarship
Committee was organized in 1956 at the
,ii.,.-'liii of Henry L. Donovan, Di-
rector of the Civil Affairs Bureau. Its

Beverly Best, Canal Zone Junior College.

ii :~3-4'A

Latin American Scholarship Committee members, from left: Harold Williams; Louis H.
De Armas; A. E. Osborne, treasurer; Miss Emily Butcher, assistant secretary; E. L. Fawcett,
president; William Jump; Aston Parchment, secretary; Henry L. Donovan, Director of
the Civil Affairs Bureau, honorary president, and Raymond George. Two other members,
A. C. Cragwell and S. S. Josephs, were unable to be present when the picture was taken.

objectives are to promote and support
scholarship and educational opportuni-
ties for graduates of the Latin American
high schools of the Canal Zone.
The Club Altamira, with the motto
of Pignl_-; Through Education" and a
membership limited to 25 members, was
organized in 1952 for the express pur-
pose of raising funds and promoting ac-
tivities for the support of deserving and
needy students.
The majority of scholarships awarded
through the Latin American Scholarship
Committee have been to colleges in the
United States. The Club Altamira, on the
other hand, has never sponsored a scho-
larship outside the Republic of Panama
and the Canal Zone.
Both organizations carefully screen
the students they will help. The Latin
American Scholarship Committee re-
ceives the names of top-ranking gra-
duates from the two Latin American
High Schools in the Canal Zone. From
these, one candidate is selected from
the Pacific Side of the Isthmus and one
from the Atlantic Side. The student with
the highest scholastic standing and
greatest need for financial assistance re-
ceives the Committee's scholarship.
The lottery drawing plays a part in
the Club Altamira's selection of a scho-
larship student. Candidates are recom-
mended by teachers and principals and
careful investigation is made before 10
scholarship candidates are listed. From
these 10, the winner is chosen through
the lottery drawing held closest the
date of the award.
The present Club Altamira scholar-
ship student, William G. Millett, Jr.,
who is completing his second and final

year at the Canal Zone Junior College,
wrote his own letter to the Club Alta-
mira, setting forth the facts on which
his request for scholarship aid was
based. He also sent along his scholastic
records.
Mr. Donovan is honorary president of
the Latin American Scholarship Com-
mittee. The other officers are: E. L.
Fawcett, president; Aston Parchment,
secretary; Miss Emily Butcher, assistant
secretary, and A. E. Osborne, treasurer.
There are six other members: William
Jump, Louis De Armas, Alfredo Crag-
well, S. S. Josephs, Harold Williams,
and Raymond George.
Through the efforts of \\alter Oliver,
a former member of the Latin American
Scholarship Committee, now a professor
of Spanish at Taylor Unii er.itv. Upland,
Ind., the Committee obtained Taylor

Raymond Oakley, now student in States.

Ik

University scholarships for five grad-
uates of Canal Zone Latin American
schools. Three of these students are still
at Taylor, one was graduated as a
teacher in June 1960, and there has been
one transfer for specialized schooling.
The first of the Canal Zone Latin
American scholarship students to gra-
duate from Taylor University is Cecilia
Parchment, a graduate of Paraiso High
School, who received a four-year scho-
larship and was graduated with a Bach-
elor of Arts degree in education last
June. She was appointed teacher of gen-
eral science of a junior high school in
Elkhart, Ind.
Annetta Josephs, a graduate of Rain-
bow Cit\ High School, completed three
years as a scholarship student at Taylor
University and has transferred to a
school of nursing in New York City.
Two of the three students now at
Taylor Uni\ e-rit\ are graduates of Rain-
bow City High School: Jacinta Griffiths,
now a member of the junior class on a
full scholarship, and Clarence Stuart, a
senior at Taylor. The latter received a
scholarship and substantial financial aid
from the Latin American Scholarship
Committee. Eric Atherly, fifth member
of the Canal Zone group at Taylor Uni-
versity, is a sophomore there.
William Fredericks, a graduate of
Rainbow City High School, received a
four-year scholarship to study at Dakota
Wesleyan University in Mitchell, S.
Dak., where he is completing his senior
year. Claudette Soley, a graduate of
Paraiso High School, received a four-
year scholarship to Ohio University
through the efforts of Las Servidoras,
Inc., of New York City, and substantial
financial aid from the Latin American
Scholarship Committee. She is a fresh-
man at the Ohio school.
With assistance from the Latin Amer-
ican Scholarship Committee, Raymond

Marion Clarke, University of Panama.

I.

-^^- -^ -"4cJg -B

Club Altamira officials, seated from left: Edmundo F. Joseph, president, and Clemente V.
Jones, treasurer. Standing, from left: Thomas L. Edghill, secretary, and George Thomas,
chairman of public relations committee. The Club has awarded seven scholarships.

Oakley graduated from the Canal Zone
Junior College and left last month to
study at the University of Illinois, where
he will major in electronics.
On the local scene, financial aid is
being given Marion Clarke, a medical
student at the University of Panama.
Beverly Best, who attended Canal Zone
Junior College, also received aid from
the Committee.
Club Altamira scholarships, which
are financed through public support,
have been awarded to seven Latin
American boys and girls.
Milton A. James, the first Club Alta-
mira scholarship award winner, received
a six-year grant to study at the Artes y
Oficios "Melchor Lasso de la Vega"
School in Panama City. He completed
his studies in construction and is plan-
ning to continue studies in architectural
engineering at Wisconsin State College,
River Falls, Wis.
Esmeralda L6pez, who in 1955 was
given a three-year grant to study at the
Professional High School in Panama
City, was graduated with honors in 1958
and received an outright contribution
of $50 to help her continue her studies
at the National Institute of Panama.
After graduation, she plans to enter a
nursing school.
Judith Kidd of Colon has been a two-
time Club Altamira Scholarship winner.
In 1957 she received a two-year grant
to study at Abel Bravo High School in
Colon, after the original winner, Augus-
to Diaz, moved to the Pacific side. As
a goodwill gesture, Club Altamira gave
Mr. Diaz a $50 contribution to assist
him in entering school in Panama. Re-
ceiving a 1960-1961 scholarship to study

at Abel Bravo, Miss Kidd is taking a
preparatory course in nursing and
sciences.
Wilfred Sinclair, who was graduated
from La Boca High School in 1I)5J as
an honor student, received a one-year
grant to study at the Canal Zone Junior
College and now is pursuing engineering
studies in the United States.
William G. Millett, Jr., received a
one-year grant for his second and final
year at the Canal Zone Junior College,
where he is completing his final year in
medical technology.
Dora Castro and Olga Zufiiga of
Colon, who are studying at Colegio San
Vicente de Pail in Colon City, a paro-
chial school and a charitable institution
operated by the Vicentian Fathers and
taught by nuns, are the other two Club
Altamira scholarship winners.

William Millett, Jr., Zone medical student.

This artist's concept of the new Paraiso Junior-Senior High School plant shows pool, shop building at left, and extended masonry buildings.

Combing.

Shift In Paraiso Schools

MELVA LOWE AND HER classmates
who complete Junior High School stud-
ies at Paraiso in January won't have to
move across town to the Paraiso High
School next year. The High School will
come to them, instead.
Fifth Grader Hugh Warren, who
plans to attend sixth grade in the Paraiso
Elementary School next year, will move,
however. He and his classmates will go
across town to the building which has
served as the Paraiso High School since
1956.
These youngsters are only two of the
1,404 students now attending school in
Paraiso who will be affected by a shift
in the school plants which is to be
carried out during the coming dry
season. The switch is being made be-
cause of enrollment increases and to
provide sufficient facilities for the Junior
and Senior High School students of
Latin American schools on the Pacific
side.
The switch between the elementary
and secondary schools will follow con-
version of the existing Elementary and
Junior High School buildings, which are
located near each other, into a combined
Junior-Senior High School plant, thus
leaving the present High School building
for use as the Elementary School.
The conversion will include such
basic jobs as raising the blackboards in
one building and lowering them in
another, thus adjusting them to fit the
size of the students who will be using
them. More importantly, however, it

will include the addition of several class-
rooms and laboratories, a shop building,
a swimming pool, and consolidation of
all High School and Junior High School
activities, including physical education
and recreation, in a single area.
The combined Junior-Senior High
School plant will utilize both the pre-
sent frame building of the Junior High
School and the masonry building which
has housed the Elementary School. In
the frame building, a study hall will be
established on the second floor and part
of the basement will be converted into
a community-school library. The base-
ment also will house two home econo-
mics classrooms and the offices and
clinic of the Junior-Senior High School.
The new classrooms and laboratories
to be added to the new, combined
Junior-Senior High School plant will be
constructed as an addition to the exist-
ing masonry building and will be de-
signed on the general plan used for the
new schools at Diablo and Los Rios.
Along with the conversion and the
switch in locations of the Elementary
and Senior High Schools, four of the
classrooms in the two-story masonry
building which now houses the Ele-
mentary School will be air-conditioned
for use as music and audio-visual in-
struction rooms for the combined Junior-
Senior High School. The present Ele-
mentary School kindergarten rooms will
be converted to High School classrooms.
The shop building, which is to be
located adjacent to the gymnasium off

Hamilton Street, will provide wood and
metal shop facilities for the Senior High
School and general shop facilities for
the Junior High School.
The swimming pool to be built in con-
nection with the changes in school ar-
rangements will be located on the east
side of the gymnasium. It will be divided
into two sections by a bulkhead at one
end which will separate a 20-foot sec-
tion with a maximum depth of three
feet from the main part of the pool.
The swimming pool will include
covered seating for spectators, while
bathhouse facilities will be provided by
the locker rooms and shower facilities
near the gymnasium, which were de-
signed to serve both the gymnasium and
the pool.
The present High School building,
which is to be used as the Elementary
School after this year, was constructed
as an industrial building in 1943 and
converted into a high school in 1956.
The only major change needed in this
structure-except for reducing things to
a size suitable for its new occupants-
will be the conversion of the present
shop into a covered recreation area. The
present study hall will be divided into
two kindergarten classrooms and the
library and household arts room also will
be changed into classrooms.
Bids for the work will be sought this
month and the work is scheduled for
completion by the time Latin American
schools open for the next school term,
which starts in May.

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

JUNGLE

SCIENTIST

Kenneth W. Vinton has differed
with Darwin, dabbled in arche-
ology, tramped through South
America, put pen to paper-and
earned honors at all of them.

NEW HONORS HAVE COME to a scien-
tist and instructor in the Canal Zone
Junior College who has been studying
the jungles, seacoasts, and archeology
of Central and South America virtually
ever since arriving on the Isthmus more
than 30 years ago.
Scientific recognition of his work is
nothing new for Kenneth W. Vinton,
head of the Department of Natural
Science in the Canal Zone Junior Col-
lege. But having two papers about his
studies in this part of the world accepted
at the 34th International Congress of
Americanists in Vienna, Austria, this
summer certainly was a major highlight
in his honor-winning career.
Mr. Vinton, who spent two and a half
months in Europe this past summer, per-
sonally presented both papers at the
Vienna meeting and both will be printed
in the minutes of the sessions. The two
papers also were acclaimed by other ex-
perts attending the Sixth International
Congress of the Sciences of Archaeology
and Ethnology in Paris, where only lack
of program time prevented Mr. Vinton
from again presenting them personally.
Author, college instructor, hiking en-
thusiast, scientist, and amateur archeo-
logist. Mr. Vinton's latest ventures have
been aimed in two directions: attracting
a well-financed organization into archeo-
logical exploration of the Belen-Veragua
River area on the north coast of Panama
between Bocas del Toro and Colon, and
showing that the gradually rising coast-
line of Panama Bay is important to

archeological investigations along its
shores.
He has another project on tap, but
will not pursue it until next summer,
when the end of college sessions will
give him time to spend several weeks
in an attempt to locate the old Spanish
settlement of Adc, where Vasco Nilfiez
de Balboa lost his head, by order of
Pedrarias the Cruel.
"It's on the north coast of Panama,
almost to the Colombian border," Mr.
Vinton says. No one ever has been able
to locate it positively, but I believe I
know where it was and think I'll be
able to establish the exact site by an on-
the-spot visit."
Those who know Mr. Vinton's interest
in and knowledge of Panama and large
parts of Central and South America-
and his determination in searching out
previously unknown facts-will not be
surprised if he succeeds in locating AclA.
In fact, they probably will be more sur-
prised if he doesn't locate it.
Many times in the past 30 years, Mr.
Vinton has pursued the elusive answers
to scientific questions and has met with
remarkable success on a number of
occasions. Articles which he has written
as a result of his studies have appeared
in such influential and varied publica-
tions as the American Journal of Sur-
gery, the National Geographic Maga-
zine, the American Journal of Science,
Natural History, the Scientific Monthly,
and School Science and Mathematics,
as well as in book form, including a com-
plete book, The Jungle W/iiipers, which

Kenneth W. Vinton, author and scientist,
in clothes he normally wears on jungle trips.

is a collection of lectures which he gave
to servicemen during World War II and
stories of his experiences in Central and
South America.
An article which Mr. Vinton wrote on
"Origin of Life on the Galapagos
Islands," first published in the American
Journal of Science in May 1951, later
was reprinted in Panorama of S,. i.n c,
1952, the annual supplement of the
Smithsonian Series, a well-known ency-
clopedic work on the natural sciences.
It was one of 27 articles reprinted in
the supplement that year and"put Mr.
Vinton in such distinguished academic
company as Sir Harold Spencer Jones,
Maria Telkes, Harold C. Urey, H. H.
Nininger, and Arthur W. Hummel, all
of whom had articles included in the
same book.
As this cursory listing indicates, the
Junior College department head and in-
structor has let his cnii,'it\ keep him
busy at spare time pursuits practically
ever since his arrival here in 1930
aboard a Panama Line ship which in-
cluded the present Dean of the Canal
Zone Junior College, Roger C. Hackett,
among its passengers.
One of Mr. Vinton's early-and more
mundane-ventures on the Isthmus was
to walk from Cristobal Bay to Pier 18
in Balboa, accompanied by Dean
Hackett and three high school boys, two
of whom failed to complete the 14-hour
hike. Only one of the youths to walk the
entire distance with the two teachers
was Perry Washabaugh, now with the
Admeasurer's Office in Cristobal. James

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Wood, now with the Admeasurer's Of-
fice in Balboa, dropped out at Gamboa,
and William Hollowell, now Lead Fore-
man in the Water Distribution System
on the Atlantic side, who did not join
the other four until thtu reached Gatun,
made it to Pedro Miguel before stop-
ping.
In the years since, Mr. Vinton has
abandoned hiking as an avocation, but
still is agile afoot and thinks little of
heading into the jungle for a hike lasting
several days. Nowadays, though, his
hikes are designed to carry him to a
place which he wants to visit for some
serious, scientific purpose.
It was such a purpose which, in July
1959, induced he and John Knick, a
biology teacher in Balboa High School,
to hike for two days from La Pintada
toward the Atlantic coast, then spend a
third day traveling in native dugouts
with two Indians to finish the journey
to the sea.
The trip from La Pintada across the
mountains to the ocean was part of the
third visit which Mr. Vinton has made
into the Belen-Veragua River area. A
year earlier, in July and again in August,
he had entered the area twice, but both
times by sea. The purpose of all three
trips was the same: to study the region
where Christopher Columbus spent
three months after it was pointed out to
him as the center of the gold trading
region on the Isthmus. It was Mr.
Vinton's interest in the archeology of the
area which led him to make the trips
and to prepare one of the two papers
which were accepted at the European
meetings this summer.
Mr. Vinton says the powerful chief
who ruled the Belen-Veragua River area
at the time of Columbus' visit eventually
forced the great discoverer to abandon
the region, but not before making a col-
lection of gold pieces which still are
virtually the only native artifacts ever
taken from the area. It is because of such
limited research that Mr. Vinton and
other members of the Panama Archaeo-
logical Society would like to see a well-
financed expedition visit the region.
In his paper, the Junior College
department head says he and other
members of the Society have observed
"evidence of ancient roads or passage-
ways in the mountains and uncharted
jungle areas surrounding the Belen-
Veragua Rivers." He says, "These old
features have been severely eroded in
places and obscured by dense jungle
growth, but nevertheless hint that active
trade routes existed between the two
oceans long before Columbus arrived
in the Americas."
The area, Mr. Vinton points out, has
remained virtually uninvestigated by ar-
cheologists and others because of the

difficulties in getting to it. Some of the
deterrent conditions are: A mountain
range along the coast with elevations up
to 11,000 feet, 12 feet of rainfall per
year, rivers with large sandbars closing
their entrances, a heavy surf most of the
year, and a very small change of tide
level.
It is not surprising that Mr. Vinton
visited the area despite these physical
barriers. Neither geographic deterrents
nor formidable scientific opinion have
prevented him from pursuing his scien-
tific endeavors in the past. In fact, some
of those endeavors seem to have been
induced, at least in part, by just such
factors.
In 1938, he led a two-month expedi-
tion into the Amazon River area of South
America to collect specimens of animal
life in that region and study some of the
customs of the natives. It was from in-
formation gathered on this trip and
further studies later that Mr. Vinton
developed an article for the American
Journal of Surgery on a tiny fish which
attacks humans and other animals un-
wary enough to enter the waters where
it lives. During this expedition, Mr.
Vinton and his companions traveled ap-
proximately 1,500 miles through the
mountains and jungles, much of it by
raft on rivers, but a considerable portion
of it by walking.
World War II forced Mr. Vinton to
pause in some of his pursuits, but his
knowledge of tropical jungles led him
into a new area of activity which kept
him extremely busy: Lecturing on the
plants and animals of the jungle to thou-
sands and thousands of U.S. service-
men headed for service on the jungle-
tangled islands of the Pacific. During
this period, he also visited the Gala-
pagos Islands and became intrigued by
a problem which had troubled scien-
tists since Charles Darwin used his ob-

servations of life on the islands to sup-
port the theories he advanced in his
monumental work, Origin of the Species.
Darwin and many other authorities
had theorized that the forms of life
found on the islands arrived there with
the flotsam and jetsam carried by
oceanic currents, had been transported
there by the wind, or were carried to
the islands by migratory birds. Other,
equally distinguished, scientists had
argued that the islands once were joined
to the mainland by an archipelago ex-
tending from the Costa Rican area. After
his studies, including three visits to
the islands, Mr. Vinton combined the
theories of both groups to offer a new
possibility. It was this article which was
selected for the supplement to the
Smithsonian Series and placed its author
alongside many of the leading scientists
of the day.
Mr. Vinton's thesis is that an archi-
pelago did extend from Costa Rica to
within about 100 miles of the Galapagos
Islands. This theory, he maintains,
makes it more plausible for the life forms
found on the islands to have reached
there, while also providing a reasonable
explanation for why certain forms of life
common to the Costa Rican area-in-
cluding cockroaches-are not native in
the Galapagos. He points to submerged
sections of the land mass which he says
once extended far into the Pacific above
ocean level as proof of his viewpoint.
In less than two years, Mr. and Mrs.
Vinton-who describes herself as "an
outdoors girl" and says she abandoned
exploration trips with her husband "to
take care of our two daughters when
they were small"-will be retiring. But
anyone who knows Mr. Vinton's stu-
dious nature and love of exploration
doesn't believe he'll really "retire," but
soon will find something new to inves-
tigate and write about.

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

This outline map shows location of La Pintada, from where Kenneth W.
Vinton and John Knick walked to Belen-Veragua River area. It also shows
the approximate location of Acld, which Mr. Vinton hopes to locate next year.

Doctor

From

The

San Bias

Olowitinape doesn't have a degree,
but his treatments utilize methods
similar to many in modern medicine

Olowitinape prepares native prescription in home of
his host, Dr. A. W. McFadden of Gorgas Hospital.

OLOWITINAPE, noted inatuleti or herb
doctor and medicine man from the
Island of Mulatupu in the San Bias
Island chain, was a guest last month in
the home of Dr. A. W. McFadden, Chief
of the Dermatology Section of Gorgas
Hospital, while instructing the Gorgas
physician in some of the secrets of San
Bias medicine. Olowitinape, swaying
gently back and forth in a hammock,
thinking, and chanting, demonstrated
many of the rituals he follows as an
"inatuleti," the title a medical practi-
tioner carries in the San Bias Islands.
Dr. McFadden, who has visited Olo-
witinape at his island home, believes he
is the first dermatologist to investigate
the area of Cuna medicine which covers
the Indian ideas on the types of skin
diseases, the causes, and the appropriate
treatments. The latter includes gathering
the ingredients for native prescriptions
and the necessary chants to activate
them.
Language barriers were virtually non-
existent for the two, although Olowiti-
nape speaks Cuna primarily, with a
sprinkling of Spanish, and Dr. McFad-
den speaks English and Spanish. Ges-
tures were used to fill in for words where
necessary, and when a disease was dis-
cussed for which neither Spanish or
English translation from the Cuna was
known, a discussion of the symptoms
usually gave the key to the specific ail-
ment being considered.
Invaluable assistance was lent the two

doctors, one with medical degrees and
the other unable to read or write, by
the Rev. Peter Miller, an American-
educated San Bias Indian, who has a
degree from a college in North Carolina.
Another United States-educated San
Blas Indian, Claudio Iglesias, who has a
Bachelor of Science degree from Red-
lands, Calif., was instrumental in Dr.
McFadden's meeting with Olowitinape.
Mr. Iglesias, who is married to a North
American girl, conducts a private school
for children in the San Blas Islands and
it was while visiting at his home that
Dr. McFadden met the herb and medi-
cine man from the Island of Mulatupu.
When Dr. McFadden invited Olo-
witinape for a visit at the McFadden
home near Gorgas Hospital, he also
bought a hammock from the island so
that the herb doctor would feel at home.
Olowitinape comes from a family of
medicine men in the San Bias Islands.
He studied under his father on Mula-
tupu and also under famous Neles, or
physicians, of the islands of Ustupu and
Achutupu. His father, he says, was
famous as a specialist in the treatment
of snake bites. All of Olowitinape's
training has been oral. Working, learn-
ing, and chanting, it took about eigth
years before he was recognized as a
practitioner. Now he has a general med-
ical practice, but treats obstetrical and
dermatologic patients for the most part.
Chanting, he says, is an important
part in his practice of medicine, because

certain chants are required to make the
ingredients used in treatments active
and effective.
Dr. McFadden says there are many
real similarities in modern dermatology
therapy and Cuna medical practice. He
cited methods in both which involve
warm and cool soaking for certain in-
flamed or weeping rashes and the use
of pastes or creams in the treatment of
itching and infected eruptions.
Ingredients used in the Cuna pre-
scriptions are almost entirely from the
botanical field, just as are many of the
ingredients used in modem pharmaceu-
tical preparations. The Cuna prepara-
tions include bark, sap, young plant
shoots, quinine, and certain bitter shrubs
for treatment of fevers.
Olowitinape feels that modem medi-
cines may be superior to his herbs in
two aspects. Certain diseases, he points
out, are of foreign origin and under the
influence of foreign disease spirits.
These require foreign medicine for treat-
ment, he says. The other aspect is the
tremendous advantage which modem
pharmacy offers in the concentration of
ingredients in preparing prescriptions.
However, Olowitinape does not think
that America's medicine would be effec-
tive against many of the conditions he
encounters in his practice. The thorough
knowledge and proper use of the many
purifying and healing chants, he says,
are more important than individual
herbs in many cases.

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

A Shaggy

Rope Story

Fenders which protect harbor
craft are more than clumps of
rope. They're carefully made-
and that frayed appearance is
deliberate.

As two rigger helpers make a fender mat
of untwisted rope strands, two others tie
the half-hitch knots used as a protective
covering for the core of a big bow fender.

THE ORDINARY LANDLUBBER knows,
in a vague sort of way, that the lumpy
clusters of rope which are a trademark
of tugs, launches, and other harbor craft
are carried as a kind of protective
bumper for the frequent contacts which
the vessel has with large ships and piers.
Few ever give a second thought to these
bundles of rope, however, unless it is
to wonder why one is never seen which
isn't frayed.
Like many things which are taken for
granted, however, there is more to these
"rope fenders," as they are called, than
the impression received in a casual
glance. For one thing, they are not just
masses of old rope knotted together to
form a haphazard bundle. For another
th;r:l, their li ~',i, frayed appearance
is deliberate and useful, not the result
of wear.
The well-made rope fender-and con-
siderable care does go into their making
-not only is a highly useful and ver-
satile object, but also is somewhat a
work of art, roughly resembling a gi-
gantic crochet or knitting job. Just as
knit one, purl two, is the key to knitting,
half-hitch knots are the key to making
rope fenders.
With a 16-foot long bow fender for
a tug weighing as much as 2,500 pounds
and held together by 3,000 or more
knots, it is understandable why the job
of making them gradually has been
shifted from busy ship crewmen to dry-

land shops, such as the one in Cristobal
where all rope fenders for Canal craft
now are made.
Establishment of the shop was part
of the recent consolidation of all launch
repair facilities in the Industrial Divi-
sion. Previously, fenders were made
when and where they were needed, by
crews maintained at each of the oper-
ating divisions.
The new, consolidated shop has two
major advantages over the previous
method. It assures that the work will be
done uniformly by a well trained work
force. It also makes it feasible to use a
maximum of mechanical aids rather
than doing all the work by hand.
First Class Rigger John Danaher,
who laid out the plan for the shop under
direction of H. E. Clarke, Jr., Chief
Foreman Rigger, drew on his ingenuity
and experience in the field to devise
several mechanical innovations to speed
the work, particularly the most time-
consuming parts of it.
One of these devices eliminates the
need for employees who formerly were
needed to help in tying all those knots
on a big fender. Another ended the
former practice of rolling the fender to
and fro on the floor or on sawhorses as
the core was formed with old rope and
the encasing network of knots were tied.
Two of the most troublesome and
time-consuming factors in this process
are the accurate forming of the core and

straightening out the rope being used
to bind it together after each knot is
made. In the past, the core had been
built up like a big ball of snow-by rol-
ling it on the floor to make the old pieces
of rope wind around the center length.
In the Cristobal shop, thanks to one of
Rigger Danaher's innovations, the center
length of rope is stretched taut on a
motor-driven device resembling a lathe.
The center length is rotated by the
motor while the old pieces of rope are
wound onto it. Normally, old rope is
used to form the fender core.
In the second step, the knot-tying
process, past practice had been for two
men to form the knots and pull them
tight, while a third man trotted back
and forth with the long end of the rope,
first pulling it away from the fender to
straighten it out and then returning it
so the next knot could be tied.
But a second innovation by the inven-
tive Mr. Danaher has speeded this
process. Now the pulling away and re-
turn are done semi-automatically by a
motor-operated dragline which first
pulls the rope taut after a knot has been
tied, then returns the loose end to the
workmen so the next knot can be
fashioned.
Once the enveloping network of knots
has been completed, the two ends of
the fender are fastened to separate
cables on a railroad crane, the center is
tied to the bed of the crane and the

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

Swan Stewart, fender-maker-in-training,
tapers the "whiskers" on a rubbing fender
so they can be braided into final shape.

)enny, left, and Juan Melgarejo, Jr., tie one of the half-hitch knots which make up fender's cover.

crane then hoists away, bending the
fender into the desired shape in the
process. Once the bending is completed,
the two ends of the fender are lashed
together with a chain jack to hold them
in place until the fender is fitted to the
bow of a tugboat.
The fender is ready, yes, but its
blanket isn't. It's this blanket, or mat,
which gives big, bow tenders that
frayed appearance. The mat is a woven
sheet of individual "lays," or strands,
which have been unwound from what
once was a regular, three-strand rope,
then put back together in a different
form to make the mat, which is placed
over the knotted cover of the fender to
protect it against unnecessary wear.
A "nap" is knotted into this mat, but
is left unwoven, the strands simply
being permitted to trail off into space.
Each of the strands is made up of hun-
dreds of somewhat loosely twisted ma-
nila fibers, which soon separate when
the strand is not wound into a rope, thus
forming the well-soaked beards nor-
nmll. seen drooping from bow fenders.
Separation of the rope into strands
for use in making these blankets led to
another of the simple but effective
devices with which Rigger Danaher has
equipped the shop.
The job now is accomplished with
the aid of the wheels from a discarded
roller skate. Rigger Danaher fastened a
hook to one end of the axle of each

wheel and a handle to the wheel itself.
One of the resulting devices is fas-
tened to the wall of the shop and a piece
of rope is fastened to the hook. The
other three devices are divided among
the three strands of the rope, with one
man holding two of them and the re-
maining one attached to a post. \\ liwn
the man starts pulling, all the hooks-
and the axles on which they are fas-
tened-start spinning like whirling dervi-
shes and in five minutes the length of
rope is split into three neat, straight
strands. The same task formerly re-
quired 45 minutes.
While the making of large, bow fend-
ers is about half of the shop's work, there
is a continuous requirement for side-
and quarter-fenders for both launches
and tugs. These also are turned out in
production-line style, using jigs and fix-
tures.
In recent years, rubber fenders have
gained considerable acceptance in the
shipping world, especially\ on the bows
of tugs, but there is a feeling among old-
timers that a well made rope fender is
more \crs.ilile in the varying situations
in which tugs become involved. Inas-
much as the mechanical innovations
now being used in the Cristobal fender
shop are helping to keep rope compe-
titive, it looks as though rope fenders,
with slih.igg beards and all, will con-
tinue to be used on Canal craft for many
years to come.

A fender on a bender gets the curve which
will characterize it when on bow of a tug.

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Harold I. Perantie, Chief of the Administrative Branch, confers with Gerard Schear.

The Men At The Top

Harold I. Perantie, Chief of the Adminis-
trative Branch and Agency Records
Officer since February 1954, was born
in Duluth, Minn., on January 22,
1908. He came to the Canal Zone as
an employee in the former Executive
Department in October 1939. Deputy

Director for Selective Service in the
Zone and a member of the Executive
Committee of the Zone chapter of
American Red Cross, he lives in
Balboa.
Harold L. Anderson, Chief of the Gen-
eral Services Section since October
1956, was born in Springfield, Mo.,
on April 16, 1917. He became an em-
ployee of the Canal organization's
former Correspondence Bureau in
1940. He lives in Balboa.
William D. Hardie, Chief of the Records
Management Section since the fall of
1957, was born in Grafton, W. Va.,
on November 28, 1903. He came to
the Zone as an employee of the former

Service

THE ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH is pri-
marily a service organization which per-
forms a variety of services for the various
units of the Company-Government.
Under the supervision of 21-year Canal
veteran H. I. Perantie, the Branch op-
erates a wide range of specialized serv-
ice units.
These units of the Branch include a
printing plant, a photographic studio
and laboratory, a mail and messenger
service in the Administration Building,
a central file system, a travel and tran-
sportation service for employees, a
records management section, which in-
cludes the agency records center, and a
diversified section that provides trans-
lating, interpreting, preparation of
correspondence, shorthand reporting,
typing, and related services.
Of the six formal Sections which
make up the Branch, the General Serv-
ices Section headed by Harold L. An-
derson probably is the least understood.
It is this section which provides of-
ficial translating, interpreting, shorthand
reporting, and the related services men-
tioned earlier. Some of its miscellaneous

Record Bureau in 1929. He now lives
in Ancon.
Charles K. Cross, Chief of the Commu-
nications and Records Section since
March 1960, was born January 21,
1903, in Baltimore, Md. He came to
the Zone on vacation in 1922 and re-
turned the following year to take a job
with the Electrical Division, moving
to the former Record Bureau in July
1924. He now lives in La Boca.

Harold L. Anderson

William D. Hardie

C. K. Cross

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

Is Their Business

The Administrative Branch pro-
vides many functions in a routine
day to help keep the Company-
Government operating smoothly.

functions are to serve the public in
gen-i l.. rather than employees only. For
example, a Canal Zone youth of draft
age has occasion to visit this Section to
register with Mrs. C. L. McAmis, who
performs the functions of local board
clerk for both the Atlantic and Pacific
Area Selective Service Boards. Appli-
cants for U.S. immigration visas come
to the Section to seek the assistance of
Louis Poletti in applying for the visas.
And starting early in December, the
desk of Mrs. Fannie Sosa is likely to be
swamped by parents wanting Canal
Zone entry permits for children coming
home from college for the holidays.
In addition, this Section prepares a
variety of permits, purchase authoriza-
tions, and various certificates, as well as
staff work in the preparation of reports,
recommendations or correspondence on
projects assigned by the Executive Sec-
retary's office or by the Chief of the Ad-
ministrative Branch.
In addition to serving as Chief of
the Branch, Mr. Perantie also is official
Agency Records Officer for the Coi-
pany-Government. William D. Hardie

heads the Records Management Section,
which, in his words, is concerned with
"(,ijtullliig the ever-increasing bulk of
paper produced by the organization."
Every record of the Company-Gov-
ernment has three phases in its life
where controls may be applied. First
phase is in the production and design of
forms which eventually will become
records. The second phase is in the use
of records, where the Section offers
standardized procedures and, when
asked to do so, conducts files and systems
analyses.
In this latter role, the Section recently
prepared and installed a new file system
in the central files which are maintained
by the Communications and Records
Section. The new system, developed
principally by George H. Logan, re-
duces the number of subject classifica-
tions from more than 10,000 to slightly
less than 1,000, presents subjects in a
more logical order, and is expected to
reduce the time required to train a
skilled file clerk by at least one-half.
The third phase in the life of a record
is disposition of it. The Agency Records

Center operated by the Branch provides
storage space for non-current records of
the Company-Government, thus releas-
ing valuable office space and equipment
for current records. In connection with
this disposition of records, a more com-
prehensive schedule for temporary stor-
age, destruction, or permanent retention
of records now is being prepared by the
Section headed by Mr. Hardie.
Maintenance of the central records
system for the Company-Government
does not come within the province of
Mr. Hardie, but is one of the duties
assigned to the Communications and
Records Section, which is headed by
Charles K. Cross.
The Section headed by Mr. Cross not
only maintains the central records sys-
tem, but also performs a number of other
services, including general messenger
service in the Administration Building
and the receiving and dispatching of all
official mail and messages. It also ar-
ranges for the publication and distribu-
tion of official circulars and reports and
maintains a vault for the storage of en-
gineering drawings and certain other

George Vieto, Chief of the Transporta-
tion Section and Panama Line Pas-
senger Agent since June 1959, was
born January 9, 1921 in Costa Rica
and joined the Canal as an employee
of the Panama Railroad in July 1944.
Mr. Vieto, who now is serving as De-
partment Commander of the Panama
Canal Zone American Legion, lives
in Ancon.

George Vieto

THE PAN.AMA. CANAL REVIEW

John B. Coffey, Superintendent of the
Printing Plant since January 1960,
was born in Jersey City, N.J., on
February 7, 1908. He was brought to
the Zone by his parents in 1910 and
took his first job with the Canal, as a
vacation messenger boy in the Mount
Hope Printing Plant, in 1920. Ex-
Commodore of the Panama Canal
Yacht Club, he lives in Margarita.

John B. Coffey

William E. Burns, Chief of the Photo-
graphic Section since May 1960, was
born in Abilene, Tex., on June 18,
1927. He came to the Canal Zone in
1952 as a photographer with the Inter
American Geodetic Survey team and
went to work for the Canal organiza-
tion in the Panama Canal Informa-
tion Office in December 1959. He
lives in Panama.

William E. Burns

This new records storage center on Diablo Road, is more spacious than the former center.

records of the Company-Government.
The central records system maintained
by the Section is a vital factor in carrying
on the business of the Canal organiza-
tion. The background of virtually every
problem which any segment of the or-
ganization ever has faced can be found
in these records. For example, if you
want to know what past practice has
been in naming floating craft of the
Canal organization, or information on
the times that the late Gen. John J. Per-
shing visited the Isthmus and the pur-
poses of his visits, or any of thousands
of other topics, chances are good that
the central records unit can supply the
information.
Another Section of the Branch, and
one with which every Stateside em-
ployee hired for Canal service has an
early contact, is the Transportation
Section, headed by George Vieto. This
Section arranges official travel of Com-
pany-Government employees and their
flimilie, Personnel of this Section not
,inl I.iindle travel arrangements for per-
,1.II. 1, but also arrange for the trans-
pn itati'ni of household goods of em-
ployees in connection with recruitment,
leave, official duty, and repatriation, re-
_.arlh ,, of the means of travel.
Through an intimate knowledge of
air, land, arid sea schedules and their
close working relationships with the
carriers, Transportation Section em-
p'l.'..,. ease the travel pin nble-mr faced
by employees. The Section also performs
the function of passenger ticket agency
for the Panama Line in the Canal Zone,
selling and issuing tickets and assigning

cabins and berths on the ships. Official
passes for the Panama Railroad also are
issued by the Section, and cards author-
izing departure from the Zone via Tocu-
men Airport may be obtained there.
The two remaining Sections in the
Administrative Branch are the Photo-
graphic Section, headed by William E.
Burns, who succeeded Clyde S. LaClair
after his retirement about six months
ago, and the Printing Plant, managed
by Superintendent John B. Coffey.
The Section headed by Mr. Burns per-
forms all official photographic work for
the Company-Government and main-

tains facilities for preserving all official
negatives and pictures. It is this Section
which provides virtually all of the photo-
graphs which appear in the pages of
THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW, while it
is the Printing Plant which prints the
magazine.
One of the projects currently being
worked on by the Photographic Section,
in addition to its regular duties, involves
the preservation of a photographic re-
cord of the Canal dating from construc-
tion days which now is preserved on an
estimated 16,500 glass plate negatives
stored in the basement of the Adminis-
tration Building. Mr. Burns and his staff
in the Photographic Section now are in
the process of transferring the images
recorded on the aging glass negatives
to other negative material and making
prints of all the pictures.
At the present time, the Printing
Plant headed by Mr. Coffey actually
consists of two separate units, one at
Mount Hope and the other a duplicating
unit in the Administration Building at
Balboa Heights. The main plant at
Mount Hope is scheduled to be moved
to the Pacific side of the Isthmus and
consolidated with the Balboa Heights
shops in a new location in La Boca in
about 2 years. The necessity for the
move is tied in with plans for greater
conversion to the offset printing process
and the fact that most of the Mount
Hope unit's workload originates on the
Pacific side of the Isthmus.
As can be seen from this rundown on
the various services provided by the Ad-
ministrative Branch, many units of the
Company-Government which are not
part of the Branch would find their func-
tions much more difficult to achieve if
these services were not readily available.

This scene of the mail unit in the Administration Building shows five of the personnel em-
ployed there, including Edward Jones, wearing tie, who supervises the unit. Others shown,
from left, are V. E. Johnson, Fred Pond, James Howell, seated, and Henry Thousand.

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

New Clinic Going Up

SABOUT THE TIME that 1961 becomes
-_ --- a reality, patients seeking clinical out-
-r U ~- ... patient services at Coco Solo Hospital
will find themselves in a completely air-
conditioned addition now moving rap-
idly toward completion.
Construction of the $144,300 out-
patient clinic is another step in the cur-
rent Canal Zone hospital modernization
program. The program at Coco Solo also
will include I mniduli. i part of the
existing hospital, where the emergency
room and laboratories will be located.
The new building, constructed of ter-
racotta block made in Panama by
Clayco, incorporates the latest ideas in
hospital dt._,i.I and will be divided into
a number of separate rooms. It will in-
clude a main waiting room adjoining
the offices of the physicians and several
smaller waiting rooms for the various
clinics housed in it, such as eye, ear,
nose and throat, chest, medical, and
X-ray, as well as the blood bank, which
now is part of the hospital's laboratory.
Lt. Col. Ralph E. Conant, right, Superintendent of Coco Solo Hospital, and David C. E. O. Hauke of Colon is contractor
McIlhenny, Administrative Officer, examine plans for out-patient clinic rising behind them. for construction of the new clinic.

Of Cars

And

Grades
THERE HAVE BEEN many arguments,
both pro and con, about teenagers
driving cars. Some think they should be
permitted to drive with little restriction,
others think they shouldn't be permitted
to drive at all and still a third group
thinks there should be a compromise to
permit them to drive under very re-
stricted conditions.
The safety aspect of the problem is
pretty well understood by both parents
and insurance companies, but a recent
survey by the Allstate Insurance Com-
pany focused attention on a part of the
problem which generally is overlooked.
The survey, which included 20,000
high school juniors and seniors, showed
that the grades of teenage students who
drive ears uua.lly are lower than those
of students without cars. The details
of the survey might help Canal Zone
parents decide whether or not to let their
children drive or own a car.
Car ownership had more effect on
grades than permission to use the family%
automobile, according to the survey. Of

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 17

the juniors surveyed, only 16 percent of
the top students owned cars, while 42
percent in the failing group owned some
kind of automobile. When extensive use
of a car was permitted during the week,
those who went out every night were
more likely to be failing in their studies,
in a ratio of 20 to 1. On the other hand,
when car usage was restricted to Satur-
day and Sunday, there was no adverse
effect, the survey showing that a great
percentage of top students was in this
group.
Although no information is available
on the subject of automobiles and stu-
dents in Canal Zone schools, Dean Roger
C. Hackett of the Canal Zone Junior
College now is in the process of making
such a study. Results are expected the
latter part of February.

-ACCIDENTS

FOR
THIS MONTH
AND
THIS YEAR

SEPTEMBER

ALL UNITS
YEAR TO DATE

AUTO SEAT BELTS and redesigned door
latches have been two of the major
developments in recent years which are
aimed at reducing traffic accident inju-
ries, according to John O. Moore, Di-
rector of Cornell Uoitm -i,1's automo-
tive-crash injury study program.
Mr. Moore said that studies of acci-
dents since 1956 show that the injury
rate involving cars with seat belts is 60
percent less than in cars without seat
belts.
Mr. Moore also pointed out that con-
siderable action still is necessary to re-
duce the number of crippling injuries
from automobile accidents. There now
are about 50 million such injuries per
year in the United States.

i .I

FIRST AID DISABLING
CASES INJURIES
'60 '5 1 '60 '59

213 187
2213 2039

DAYS
LOST
s60

13 173 214
100 14114 9055

ANNIVERSARIES
(On the basis of total Federal Service)

CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU
Harry H. Corn
Foreman, Mailing Division

HEALTH BUREAU
Percy M. Greenidge
Nursing Assistant

SERVICE BUREAU
Cecilia Crocker
Laundry Checker

SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY
SERVICE BUREAU
Harold E. Graham
Helper Optical Worker
Edwin N. Ellis
Laborer Cleaner
Augustus A. Nelson
Kitchen Attenant
TRANSPORT DD
TERMINALS BUR AU
Edgar W. Best
Timekeeper
Alfred S. Spence
Helper Automot c Mac ni
MARINE BURt U R
Benjamin I. Denn)
Fireman
Cyril Fairclough
Rope and Wire Cable Worker
James R. Shurland
Launch Operator
Stanley T. Spence
Clerk

CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU
Roger C. Hackett
Junior College Dean
Kenneth W. Vinton
Instructor at Junior College
G. C. Lockridge
Sllpeyv~ro-Plhit .al Education
1 ,-I I .

Cler .i .. Rlstir. lice

E. lrEERIL.'Ayb CON-
'RI' CTION[t R EAU

Kenneth George
Painter
Carlos H. Castillo
Machine Operator
Percival G. Piggott
Maintenanceman

ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH
Cirilo Alexander
Duplicating Unit Supervisor

CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU
Henry E. Argue
Police Sergeant
Edward W. Isaacs
Contraband Control Inspector
Arnold R. Bjorneby
Police Private
Percival B. Scott
Firefighter
Canute A. Rodney
Laborer Cleaner

OFFICE OF THE COMP-
TROLLER
Arthur J. Wynne
Supervisory Accountant
Elsie N. Smith
Accountant

ENGINEERING AND CON-
STRUCTION BUREAU
Charles J. Connor
Dipper Dredge Mate
Rubelio D. Quintero
Supervisory Electrical
Engineer
Reginald A. Muir
Maintenanceman
Vivian J. Roberts
Helper Electrician
Paul E. Ackerman
Electrician
Eloy Lozano
Painter
Braulio P6rez
Transmission Lines
Maintenanceman
Richard F. Daniel
Water System Controlman

William C. Harrell
Ship Maintenance Mechanic
Charles S. Malmsbury
Meteorological Aid
Louis Bryan
Laborer Cleaner
Theophilus L. Bowen
Winchman
Lloyd K. Wheatley
Helper Telephone Electrician
Delmas A. Swafford
Lead Foreman Electrician
Lineman
Anastasio Ayarza
Laborer
HEALTH BUREAU
Olive E. Hardie "
Staff Nurse
Mildred Kopf
Supervisory PI..i i l T ir 'l -
Clifford Francis
Clerk
Isaiah Brown
Chauffeur
Gladys V. Notice
Baker ---
Joseph N. Reid
Cook
W. Gallimore
Formula Room Attendant
Isabella L. Wright
Baker
MARINE BUREAU
Edward N. Belland
Admeasurer
Jos6 L. Cedefio
Seaman
J. M. Vandergrift
Lead Foreman, Lock
Operations
Fred F. Schwartz
Lead Foreman, Lock
Operations
Victorino Garcia
Helper Lock Operator

Antonio A. Aguirre
Winchman
Florentino Pedroza
Helper Lock Operator
Wilfred A. Campbell
Deckhand
Marino Ortega
Laborer
Carlos Ospino
Painter
PERSONNEL BUREAU
George J. Moreno
Employment Suitability
Assistant
S PPLY.AN~ OM M N I TNI
ER\ ICE BTR .AU
Enid L e 1
tH i.- I tnr.- a.I, Ch'cker
^. K. Ferguon H 1

t.di Thorne f
\\i H,- in,,/ ]
II Fl. befl o
itcr ,Tt-'ml. lu
La% re e
L.bil r, r CIL.liit r
Pedro L. Lara
Laborer
Marcelino Maclao
Laborer
Jos6 A. Mufioz
Cook
Lena Brathwaite
Sales Clerk
Edna I. Flemmings
Sales Clerk
Valentin Arias
Warehouseman
Harold D. Spencer
Stock Control Clerk
Avis B. Ramirez
Warehouseman
Ina M. McFarlane
Sales Clerk

Ida E. Lynch
Clerk
C. S. Cadienhead
Utility Worker
Gladstone N. Lewis
Washman
Carlos A. Smith
Supervisory Clerk-Typist
JuliAn Gil
Laborer
Alipio Galvan
Milker
Marie L. Beresford
Clerk
TRANSPORTATION AND
TERMINALS BUREAU
Adolphus L. Jordan
High Lift Truck Operator
Victor M. Iglesias
Truck Driver
Frederick A. Jordan
Stockman
Herman V. Cameron
Truck Driver
Clarendon Griffith
Truck Driver
Christopher C. Layne
Truck Driver
Jorge A. Castellanos
Clerk Checker
Garfield Brown
High Lift Truck Operator
T. E. Russell
Truck Driver
Harry William
Helper Machinist
Courtney W. Thomas
Truck Driver
Alberto Stewart
Truck Driver
Abraham H. Ambulo
Helper Automotive Mechanic
George A. Douglas
Brakeman
Philip A. Dunmoodie
Truck Driver

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

~ ~ ~

_ I~ ~

PROMOTIONS

AND

TRANSFERS

EMPLOYEES who were promoted or
transferred between September 15 and
October 15 are listed below. Within-
grade promotions and job reclassifica-
tions are not listed.
ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH
Mrs. Florence Derrer, from Clerk-Typist,
Division of Schools, to Clerk-Stenogra-
pher.
CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU
Jasper L. Long, to Assistant Foreman, Mail-
ing Division.
Division of Schools
Mrs. Emily R. Conklin, Mrs. Mildred S.
Rowe, to Elementary and Secondary
School Teacher.
Mrs. Helen E. Lyons, to Kindergarten As-
sistant.
Juan Phillips, to Junior High Teacher, Latin
American Schools.
Josine D. Choy, Clerk-Stenographer, from
Canal Zone Employment Office.
OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER
Mrs. Jolie A. Seeley, from Clerk-Stenogra-
pher, Office of Director, Engineering and
Construction Bureau, to Rates Account-
ing Clerk, Budget and Rates Division.
Raimundo Dixon, to Bookkeeping Machine
Operator, Accounting Division.
ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION
BUREAU
Contract and Inspection Division
Joseph E. Flynn, to Supervisory Construc-
tion Inspector.
Richard J. Mahoney, to Supervisory Con-
struction Representative.
Engineering Division
Roger M. Howe, to Supervisory General
Engineer.
Dredging Division
Harry P. DePiper, to Dipper Dredge En-
gineer.
Charles L. Miller, to Dipper Dredge Mate.
Harry W. Gardner, Engineman, from Locks
Division.
Pedro Smith, to Boatman.
Vicente A. Smith, to Launch Operator.
Electrical Division
William L. Bingham, to Chief, Power Plant
(Hydro-Gatun).
Reginald A. James, to Truck Driver.
Maintenance Division
Ashton M. Russell, from Deckhand, Navi-
gation Division, to Helper Pefriayr ition
and Air Conditioning Mechanic.
Alfred A. Moran, to Guard.
Benjamin J. Waterman, to Mobile Equip-
ment Mechanic.
Wenceslao Gomez, to Work Order Clerk.
Samuel E. Foster, Alexander Joseph E.,
Teodoro Nfiiez, and Epifanio Hernmn-
dez M., to Quarrvman.
George 4. Foster. from Laborer, Commu-
nity Ser\ (e. Division. to Chauffeur.
James L. Anderson, to Asphalt and Cement
Worker.

September 15 through October 15

Ernest Stephenson, from High Lift Truck
Operator, Terminals Division, to Helper
Painter.
Isidro Castillo, from Dock Worker, Ter-
minals Division, to Laborer.
Orlando James, Francisco Pefialosa, Casi-
miro Lozano, to Heavy Laborer.
Aniceto Jimznez, to Heavy Laborer, Water
and Laboratories Branch.
HEALTH BUREAU
Gorgas Hospital
Mrs. Arilla H. Kourany, to Clerk-Dictating
Machine Transcriber.
Mrs. Ida E. Morris, to Stock Control Clerk.
Mrs. Bessie L. Heilman, to Clerical As-
sistant.
Celedonio Vergara, to Cook.
Ricardo Henry, Laborer, from Locks Divi-
sion.
Leonidas Alveo, Vicente Espinosa, to
Heavy Laborer.
Coco Solo Hospital
Miss Rae F. Elicker, to Director of Nursing.
Mrs. Ruth R. Beck, to Statistical Clerk.
MARINE BUREAU
Industrial Division
Franklin S. Ford, from Stock Control Clerk,
Supply Division, to Clerk.
Anthony Williams, to Paint and Varnish
Maker.
Juan Melgarejo, Jr., to Maintenanceman.
Nathaniel A. Daley, to Foundry Chipper.
Tomis E. Obeso, from Laborer, Community
Services Division, to Helper Boilermaker.
Locks Division
Bruce M. Morrow, from Machinist, Rail-
road Division, to Lock Operator Ma-
chinist.
Baldur Norman, Walter D. Johnston, to
Lead Foreman C.rrprntkr
Robert M. Merrill, to Lock Operator Ma-
chinist.
Robert L. Austin, to Tour Leader Inter-
preter.
Frank J. Stewart, from Truck Driver, Mo-
tor Transportation Division, to Towing
Locomotive Operator.
Jorge Morales, to Leader Boatman.
Robert A. Christie, John J. Christopher, to
Helner Lock Operator.
Gerald Burkett, from Quarryman, Mainte-
nance Division, to Laborer.
George A. Thomas, to Truck Driver.
Luis E. Rodriguez, Laborer, from Com-
munity Services Division.
Navigation Division
William E. Johnson, from Dipper Dr,-,lI.
Engineer, Drtl inu Division, to Cl-iil
Towboat or Ferry Engineer.
Alfred E. Ferdinand, to Leader Seaman.
Richard Holmes, to Seaman.
Lanson T. May, from Oiler, Terminals Di-
vision, to Flai.dinu Plant Oiler.
PERSONNEL BUREAU
Florence Lao, from Staff Nurse, Gorgas
Hospital to Visiting Nurse, Employment
and Utilization Division.

SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY
SERVICE BUREAU
Community Services Division
Mrs. Amelia Paddy, to Housekeeping As-
sistant.
Inocencio Torrero G., Laborer, from Main-
tenance Division.
Supply Division
Varona U. Allen, to Sales Clerk.
Arturo Smith, to Laborer Cleaner.
TRANSPORTATION AND TERMINALS
BUREAU
Motor Transportation Division
Mrs. Rena L. Givens, Clerk Stenographer,
from Personnel Bureau.
Leo Chandler, to Truck Driver.
Terminals Division
Dolph E. Pascascio, to Lead Foreman Ship
Cargo Operations.
Ralph Anderson, to Lead Foreman High
Lift Truck Operator.
Edward J. Atherton, to Cargo Clerk.
Franklin R. Samuels, to Freight Rate As-
sistant.
Arturo E. Arriaga S., to Laborer.
OTHER PROMOTIONS
PRoMOTIONS which did not involve
changes of title follow:
Arthur L. Endicott, Finance Branch Super-
intendent, Postal Division.
Kathleen M. McGuigan, Administrative
Services Officer, Office of the Comp-
troller.
Mrs. Faye C. Minton, Administrative Serv-
ices Officer, Office of the Director, En-
gineering and Construction Bureau.
Mrs. Nell W. Self, Mrs. Maxine C. Fitz-
gerald, Staff Nurse, Gorgas Hospital.
Mrs. Cybele I. Koontz, Clerk-TI plit. Di-
vision of Preventive Medicine and Quar-
antine.
Mrs. Armenia Y. De Ucros, Clerk-Dicta-
ting Machine Transcriber, Gorgas Hos-
pital.
Mrs. Gladys B. Humphrey, Time and Leave
Supervisor, Locks Division.
Janice A. Dreitlein, Clerk-Typist, Account-
ing Division.
David Rosenblatt, General Engineer (Es-
timates) Ernci teriniL Di~ inn
Joseph M. Corrigan, Sanitation Inspector,
Division of Sanitation.
Vern H. Christoph, Admeasurer, Naviga-
tion Division.
Carl H. Thomas, Cargo Clerk, Terminals
Division.
Canute S. Crocburn Sp,. rvisory Cargo
Clerk, Ti rn,,i,.,I, D[,ii.n.
Leonard N. Martin. CGiard Supervisor,
Locks S'l.I. rl Ir in, l
Clarence E. Rienk,, Apprentice Machinist,
Industrial Division.
Robert G. Laatz, Jr., Apprentice Armature
Winder, Electrical Division.
William L. Bennett, Apprentice Electrician,
Electrical Division.
Enrique Castillo M., Engineering Drafts-
man, Fr';rn,-rrin., Division.
Mateo lMilhell \1.r.r Repairman, Main-
tenance Division.

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

CANIAL

HISTORY

50 Years Ago
NOVEMBER 1910, was Visitors' Month
in the Canal Zone. Top ranker was Pres-
ident Wllham,, H. Taft and others in-
cluded members of the Housz Appro-
priations Committee. On his fifth visit
to the Canal Zone, the President found
himself face-to-face with one of the most
serious labor problems to occur during
construction days. Skilled boilermakers,
who had asked the President for more
pay and longer leaves, declared they
would resign unless their demands were
met. Although the President promised
to give the matter his attention, more
than 100 of them refused to wait and
submitted their resignations. By the end
of the month, only 11 of the original 122
boilermakers were still on the job. But
despite the labor dispute and despite
still another of the slides which had been
occurring with increasing frequency for
several months, the President found that,
in general, things were going well. In a
speech at Paraiso, he praised the Canal
force for its ( ffort,. adding "And it (the
Canal) will come to be ,, ;ilrd, d. I hope,
as a permanent evidence to the world
of the generous u illrrLii. .. of our coun-
try to expend from her great national
wealth hundreds of millions for the gen-
eral improvement of the world's trade."
After a 13,000-mile trip around South
America, the tug Miraflores arrived in
Panama Bay just a few days short of
three months after she left her shipyards
at W\ilniiiirjiii, Del. All but three mem-
bers of the original crew deserted during
the X\i .t.i, but the tug reached Balboa
with a crew of 12, not counting her cap-
tain and mate.

25 Years Ago
HEAVY RAINS flooded the Isthmus 25
cars ago this month. Although Novem-
ber rainfall is usually the heaviest of the
ycar, the rains in Novr mber 1935 caused
one of the worst floods in Canal history
and slides occurred in Gaillard Cut,
along the Panama Railroad line, and
along the highway leading to Madden
Dam. On the Atlantic side a new rain-
fall record was reported and near the
Panama town of Chepo, 100 people
were marooned by flood waters.
Mystery subs were reported sighted
near the Galapagos Islands. Residents
of the area reported here that they be-

lived them to be Japanese. The Japa-
nese disclaimed all knowledge of the
craft.
Ihi,' question of the Panama Railroad
Steamship Line, long opposed by private
steamship companies, was taken up by
the "Army and Navy R givlt r." which
stated in an article that the Panama Line
was an essential link in the satisfactory
and economical operation of the Panama
Canal.
Construction of the new Balboa Dock
facilities, which were to cost almost a
million dollars, was begun by the Canal
Division, which was known as the Mun-
icipal Division at the time.
10 Years Ago
HEALTH AUTHORITIES in both the
Canal Zone and Panama were worried
10 years ago this month by a polio epi-
demic which started in September and
increased to alarming proportions. By
the end of November 1950, a total of
59 polio cases had been diagnosed on
the Isthmus since September 1, with 26
of them in Panama City, 15 from other
parts of the Republic and 18 from the
Zone. Competitive sports were halted in
Panama for those under 16 years of ag .
while the Canal Zone Joint Medical and
Advisory Committee announced that
everything possible was being done to
curb any further spread of the disease.
Panama Foreign Minister Ricardo
Brin returned from Washington, D.C.,
to report that it was possible that double
license plates, one for the Canal Zone
and one for Panama, might be eliminated
for motor vehicles on the Isthmus during
the coming year.
Mrs. Eleanor Mcllhenny, later to be
Editor of THE REVIEW, but then star
reporter on the English section of "The
Panama-American," was presented with
a Veterans of Foreign Wars Citizenship
Medal and citation in recognition of her
efforts in promoting good citizenship
through the press.
One Year Ago
WHILE FLAG-DECKED carloads of Pan-
amanians and groups on foot circulated
freely through the Canal Zone, as they
had done for many years in celebration
of the Republic's Independence Day,
unruly mobs, unrestrained in Panama,
caused unfortunate disturbances at
several points along the Canal Zone

border. Before it ended, the month of
November 1959 had brought the most
violent anti-American demonstrations
ever seen in the history of the unique,
close relationship between the United
States and Panama on the Isthmus. The
rapidity with which the emotional scars
left by the events of November 3 and
28 began to fade was a credit to the
longstanding friendships among res-
idents of the Isthmus, in the opinion of
many observers.

RETIREMENTS
RETIREMENT certificates were pre-
sented at the end of October to the em-
ployees listed below, with their birth-
places, positions, years of Canal service,
and future residence.
Dionicio Arrocha, Gatun; Laborer, Com-
munity Services Division; 15 years, 10
months, 3 days; Panama.
Hubert A. Barclay, Panama; Laborer, Elec-
trical Division; 35 years, 6 months, 14
days; Panama.
Claude E. Campbell, Virginia; Lead Fore-
man, Maintenance Division; 28 years, 3
months, 23 days; Levittown, Pa.
Pascual A. Flores, Panama; Seaman, Dred-
ging Division; 20 years, 7 months, 18
days; Panama.
Miss Marguerite Flynn, North Dakota;
Time, Leave, Payroll Clerk, Office of the
Comptroller; 20 years, 3 months, 26 days;
California.
John W. Forrest, Texas. Machinist, Indus-
trial Division; 18 years, 7 months, 18
days; Arizona.
Daniel A. Gordon, St. Vincent; Seaman,
Dredging Division; 45 years, 1 month,
29 days; Panama.
Wilford A. Lowe, Jamaica; Lock Operator
Helper, Pacific Locks; 41 years, 7
months, 19 days; Panama.
James Lynch, Barbados; Dock Worker, Ter-
minals Division; 32 years, 5 months, 9
days; Colon.
Ralph T. Mairs, Jamaica; Medical Tech-
nician, Health Bureau; 36 years, 2
months, 14 days; Panama.
Charles L. McDonald, Panama; Janitor, Di-
vision of Schools; 13 years, 6 months, 1
day; Panama.
Leoncio Rodriguez, Panama; Helper, Locks
Division; 40 years, 4 months, 21 days;
Panama.
Albert N. Ruoff, Missouri; Diesel Operator,
Electrical Division; 16 years, 9 months,
1 day; Missouri.
Linford Siley, Jamaica; Guard, Navigation
Division; 31 years, 2 months, 1 day;
Panama.
George A. Smith, Scotland; Lock Master,
Pacific Locks; 23 years, 11 months, 14
days; Costa Rica.

NOVEMBER 4, 1960

Beauty

In A

Scrapyard

A patch of ',iiund in danger
of becoming a scrap collection
point has been made into a
flower wtrden by two Store-
house Branch ,lhff iald.

Francis W. Hickey, wearing hat, takes a whiff of a flower from
the garden plot at the scrapyard building in Diablo, while the
two gardeners who planted the plot, Joseph Demers and
Sumner E. Ewing, watch. An unidentified wag erected the sign.

GREEN THUMBS ARE NOT among the
items carried on the inventory lists
of the Supply Division's Storehouse
Branch, but there is some evidence that
they should be. The mute but eloquent
evidence is in the colorful flower garden
outside the door of Building 42 on
Diablo Road.
The garden, which has attracted the
attention of numerous motorists who
drive past the building, is the work of
Joseph L. H. Demers, Chief of Ware-
housing in the Storehouse Branch, and
Sumner E. Ewing, Lumber Inspector
in the Branch.
Originally the plot of land outside the
door of the building had only a few
tufts of grass growing on it and had all
the earmarks of an eyesore-in-the-
making. But Messrs. Demers and Ewing
took a hand in the matter and created
a spot of beauty.
Mr. Demers furnished the flower
seeds and both men worked on prepara-
tion of the garden plot. Employees of
Building 42, taking pride in the project,
pitched in to help with the weeding
until the young plants took hold. In
what seemed like no time at all, the
door of the building opened onto a mass
of color, with purple and white peri-
winkles, huge flamboyant zinnias, and
delicate lady slippers all blooming in
the 10 by 15 foot plot.

To give the spot a name, someone
with a i.,iwihl1 sense of humor made
a sign reading "Joe's Periwinkle Farm"
and staked it in the center of the flower
garden. Maybe that's the reason so many
gardeners have stopped and begged to
buy some plants, but to no avail.
Although the plants in the small tract
suffered some damage in the heavy
windstorm several weeks .go. they
proved their hardiness by staging a mass
comeback.
The two men primarily responsible
for the flower garden have a number of
things in common. Both (l i.ir,.llh came
to the Isthmus with the U.S. Army and
both of them left it to become em-
ployees of the Supply Division.
Mr. Demers, a native of Berlin, N.H.,
was the first of the two to arrive here and
now has been on the Isthmus about 25
years. Mr. Ewing, a native of Creston,
Ohio, was a civilian employee of the
Army when he arrived here in 1941.
Mr. Demers was a member of the mil-
itary when he came here, but he doffed
Army togs for civvies to join the Canal
organization as a storekeeper. Mr Ewing
switched from Army employ to the
Canal about a year after arriving here.
During his service with the Canal
organization, Mr. Demers has distin-
guished himself as a frequent recipient
of awards in the Eiipl,\.'. Suggestion

Program. In 1948, while working in the
Balboa storehouse, he was presented
the highest cash award made up to that
time for an employee suggestion. His
approved proposal was that the Canal
adopt a slightly lower grade of grain
alcohol so it could be shipped to the
Isthmus at a considerably lower freight
rate. In 1957, a suggestion by Mr.
Demers, which reduced transportation
expense in the Storehouse Branch, was
rated the best suggestion of the year
and he received the annual award of an
18-carat gold watch. In 1958, he re-
ceived a check for a suggestion which
resulted in conservation of scrap steel.
Mr. Ewing, who comments that he
has some soil in his blood, having been
born and reared on a farm in \\.,\ir
County, Ohio, is one of the many ardent
rockhoundss" among Isthmian residents.
He collects rocks from the beaches and
rivers of the Isthmus, then uses his saws,
tumblers, and other equipment to trans-
form them into decorative items. He and
his wife, who also enjoys the hobby,
have made some jewelry, he notes, "but
just for the fun of it."
The flower garden, too, was started
by the two men "just for the fun of it."
But like anything of beauty, it has pro-
vided enjoyment not only for 'I.liI. but
also for the hundreds of persons who
have seen and admired it.

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

TRAFFIC MOVEMENT OVER MAIN TRADE ROUTES
The following table shows the number of transits of large, commercial vessels (300 net
tons or over) segregated into eight main trade routes:
First Quarter, Fiscal Year

United States Intercoastal. .........................
East Coast of U.S. and South America ...............
East Coast of U.S. and Central America ............
East Coast of U.S. and Far East. .................. ..
U.S./Canada East Coast and Australasia..............
Europe and West Coast of U.S./Canada ..............
Europe and South America .......................
Europe and Australasia .......................
All other routes .................. ..............
Total traffic...........................

1961

118
643
120
535
62
214
268
77
663
2,700

MONTHLY COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC AND
Vessels of 300 tons net or over

Month

July.. .............
August..............
September. ..........
October... .......
November...........
December ..........
January.............
February. ...........
M arch ..............
April. ..............
M ay................
June. ...............
Totals for first
3 months of
fiscal year...

(Fiscal years)

Transits

1961

941
912
847

2,700

1960

888
8S8
823

2,599

Totals for Fiscal
Year ........ ... 10,795

Avg. No.
Transits
1951-55
557
554
570
607
568
599
580
559
632
608
629
599

6,562

1960

183
644
95
464
57
234
243
75
604
2,599
TOLLS

Avg. No.
Transits
1951-55
178
387
113
239
49
167
111
83
353
1,680

Tolls
(In thousands of dollars)
Average
1961 1960 Tolls
1951-55
$4,680 $4,219 $2,432
4,585 4,111 2,403
4,172 3,828 2,431
2,559
2,361
2,545
2,444
2,349
2,657
2,588
2,672
2,528

$13,437

$12,158 $7,266

$50,939 $29,969

CANAL COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC BY NATIONALITY

Num-
ber of
transits
. ...... 271
n......... 32
e ......... 18
bian ....... 59
........ 101
korean ...... 13
.......... 44
n......... 275
. ......... 157
ran ....... 43
47
se........ 223
n ......... 272
lands .... 113
guan...... 20
gian....... 301
anan ...... 71
an. . . . 18

ah...... .. 70
States.... 497
uelan ...... 11
hers....... 44
Total.....! 2,700

First Quarter, Fiscal Year

1961
Tons
of
cargo
1,788,327
226,270
95,801
107,020
328,024
24,684
216,402
887,836
1,498,122
31,973
236,931
1,328,877
2222 -'-5

42,2' ,
2,005,177
431,025
80,438
353 741
3011 115

195,177
15,786,498

1960 1951-55
Num- Tons Average Average
ber of of number tons of
transits cargo transits cargo
278 1,744,958 286 1,753,044
24 150,058 15 67,567
10 62,098 3 28,206
72 112,055 35 40,056
96 292,519 60 220,751
17 26,915 34 20,882
38 184,905 31 129,938
291 713,304 38 85,956
53 490,208 28 221,195
44 43,594 93 131,492
53 284,797 30 146,915
207 1,320,707 57 367,978
251 2,090,137 31 189,420
101 349,749 28 131.7A9
21 26,926 4 3,2S
275 1,550,273 189 723,252
64 242,235 96 548,900
15 62,317 5 13,392
12 53,811 9 35,829
73 348,781 48 183,337
540 3,423,474 538 3,364,851
5 ... ... . . ...
56 139,870 22 94,672
2,599 13,713,691 1,680 8,502,690

Record Aluminum Cargo
THE LARGEST SINGLE shipment of alu-
minum ever to be loaded at the Port of
Vancouver and probably one of the
largest ever to pass through the Canal
was brought here recently aboard the
Moldanger of theWestfal Larson Line.
It consisted of more than three million
pounds of aluminum ingot produced
at Aluminum Company of America's
Vancouver operations, enroute from
Vancouver for delivery at Rotterdam,
Netherlands. At Rotterdam, it will be
transferred to barges for a trip up the
Rhine to Ludwigshafen in West Ger-
many. The Moldanger and other ships
of this line make regular trips through
the Canal, usually with automobiles on
the westbound voyage and grain and
general cargo on the eastbound trip. C.
B. Fenton & Company handles the ships
at the Canal.

First Cruise Ship
THE HOLLAND AMERICA trans-Atlan-
tic liner Nieuw Amsterdam arrived in
Cristobal October 25 from New York
via the West Indies as the first cruise
ship to call at Canal ports during the
1960-61 cruise season, which is just
starting. The ship, which has been
making winter cruises and stopping at
Canal ports for the past several years,
arrived here with 750 cruise passengers.
She docked at 7 a.m. on the morning
of the 25th and sailed at 2 a.m. the
following day on her way back to New
York via Montego Bay, Jamaica, and
Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Representative at
the Canal is the Pacific Steam Naviga-
tion Co.

Fast Freighter
ONE OF THE NEWEST ships using the
Canal these days is the Daido Line's
new MV Brooklyn Maru, which com-
pleted her maiden voyage from Yoka-
hama to San Francisco, enroute to New
York, with an average speed of 20.27
knots. This was the fastest transit time
ever recorded for a Japanese cargo
vessel. Elapsed time for the run was
nine days, six hours, and 53 minutes.
The 11,919 deadweight ton vessel is the
first of four ships to be named after the
Boroughs of the City of New York, with
Manhattan, Richmond, and Queens to
be similarly honored. Continental Ship-
ping Company acts as agent at the
Canal.

22 NOVEMBER 4, 1960

British
Chileai
Chines
Colomi
Danish
Ecuado
French
Germa
Greek.
Hondu
Italian
Japane
Liberia
Nether
Nicara
Norwe;
Panama
Pemrvi
Spanisl
Swedis
United
Venezi
All Oti

Nationalit

1LL

CANAL TRANSITS COMMERCIAL AND U. S. GOVERNMENT

Dutch Liner Calls
THE 20,000-cROSS ton air-condi-
tioned, round-the-world liner Oranje
made her first trip through the Panama
Canal October 30 on her way from New
Zealand to Southhampton, England.
Ca.r in g approximately 850 pa Lcuiiit.l-,
the Nederland Lloyd vessel docked in
Balboa at noon October 29 and began
the Canal transit northbound the fol-
lowing day at 6 a.m. She berthed in
Cristobal to take on bunkers and sailed
at midnight October 30 for Miami, B3r-
muda, and Southhampton. After leaving
England, the ship will go to Amsterdam
and begin another voyage around the
world by way of the Suez Canal and
New Zealand. She is due to arrive here
again February 3. The Oranje is being
operated in conjunction with vessels of
the Royal Rotterdam Lloyd Line and is
expected to make two more visits here
in 1961. Agents for the line are C. B.
Fenton & Co.

New Moore McCormack Ship
THE FIRST OF TWO fast cargo liners
being built for Moore McCormack Line,
Inc., by the Todd Shipyards Corp. in
Los Angeles is scheduled to make her
maiden voyage to the east coast of South
America via the Panama Canal in Jan-
uary 1961. The vessel, the SS Mormac-
cape, of 10,460 deadweight tons, is the
first major ship to be constructed in the
Los Angeles area since the war. It in-
corporates many features specially de-
signed for the operating conditions en-
countered on her owners' many trading
routes. She is 458 feet long and will
accommodate 12 passengers. No infor-
mation has been received by the United
Fruit Company, local agent for the ship,
as to which trade run the new vessel will
be assigned.

Peruvian Cargo Service
THE CORPORATION PERUANA de Va-
pores, which has operated ships through
the Canal ever since the waterway
opened, recently inaugurated a regular
independent monthly service from Gulf
Ports to Callao, Matarani, and Arica,
Chile. Ships making the run are the
MS Tumbes and the MS Houson. The
Peruvian Line ships also operate up the
West Coast of the United States. They
are handled here by the Panama Canal
Company.

Commercial vessels:
Ocean-going....................
Small *........................
Total commercial. .............
U.S. Government vessels: **
Ocean-going...................
Small ........................

carter, Fiscal Year

First Qu

1961
Atlantic Pacific
to to
Pacific Atlantic

1,398 1,302
115 91
1,513 1,393

30 15
21 19

1960

Total

2,599
187
2,786

Avg. No.
Transits
1051-55

Total

1,680
304
1,984

201
89

Total commercial and U.S. = 4 = =.
Government .. ...............1,564 1,427 2,991 2,890 2,274
SVessels under 300 net tons or 500 displacement tons.
"Vessels on which tolls are credited. Prior to July 1, 1951, Government-operated ships
transited free.

PRINCIPAL COMMODITIES SHIPPED THROUGH THE CANAL
Pacific to Atlantic
(All cargo figures in long tons)

First Quarter, Fiscal Year

Commodity

Ores, various. ............................
Lumber................................
Sugar .........................
Petroleum and products (excludes asphalt) ...
Bananas................................
Canned food products ....................
Wheat .................................
Nitrate of soda. ..........................
Barley .................................
Food products in refrigeration (except fresh
fruit) .....................................
Coffee ..................................
Iron and steel manufactures ...............
Metals, various. ..........................
Cotton, raw. .............................
Copra...................................
All others ...............................
Total .............................

1961

2,623,671
764,848
527,764
519,733
260,132
254,225
250,541
198,702
184,430
163,545
94,883
93,711
91,658
59,943
54,242
1,317,885
7,459,913

1960

2,027,391
679,224
338,019
853,594
284,391
331,094
192,129
209,843
406,708
192,776
114,557
121,049
236,623
52,474
36,675
1,238,275
7,314,822

Average
1951-55
987,567
798,109
346,218
339,598
155,958
309,830
473,208
250,093
25,235
142,823
60,065
39,171
175,110
37,857
63,275
665,633
4,869,750

Atlantic to Pacific

Commodity

Petroleum and products (excludes asphalt) ... .
Coal and coke ............................
Metal, scrap.............................
Phosphates ...............................
Iron and steel manufactures................
Soybeans ...............................
Ores, various ............................
Sugar .... .... ......................
Chemicals unclassified. ....................
Sulphur..... ..... .................. .
C orn ....................................
Paper and paper products..................
Ammonium compounds ...................
W heat............................ .....
Machinery ..............................
All others. ................... ...........

196

2,394
1,54f
672
454
376
292
209
187
166
145
144
99
97
84
76
750

Total .............................. 7,697

First Quarter, Fiscal Year

1 1960 Average
1951-55
1,830 1,641,630 709,710
1,752 1,052,907 539,013
i,343 609,987 10,321
,485 348,529 156,591
1,715 355,501 376,917
!,294 258,151 43,705
1,585 152,811 53,676
',394 178,174 99,311
1,220 146,315 45,236
,118 111,265 96,831
,446 105,864 12.724
1,355 90,096 9(,9011
',100 72,180 57.7t11
,941 76,631 66,627
,052 55,840 66,690
1,049 1,142.988 1,206,849
,679 6,398,859 3,632,900

THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Total

2,700
206
2,906

S l

SHIPPING TRENDS for the past several
months indicate that traffic through the
Panama Canal has reached a plateau
and possibly will level off in the months
immediately ahead.
Figures compiled by the Executive
Pl.umiii,,i Staff of the Canal show that
while traffic for the first quarter of the
current fiscal year is continuing on a
high level, some specific types of ships,
such as tankers, decreased slightly in
comparison with the number using the
waterway during the similar period last
year. Ships in the categories of ore
c(.1 iIs, banana vessels and general
cargo vessels remained at a high level,
although there was some change in the
general movement of cargoes.
Petroleum and petroleum products,
which are among the major commodities
shipped through the Canal, were on a
level with the first quarter of last fiscal
year. Crude oil from Venezuela to the
West Coast of the United States made
up 20 percent of the average monthly
total. Nitrates and ore products, mostly
from Chile and Peru, increased during
the last three months, with Chilean and
Peruvian iron ore in the lead.
West Virginia coal, loaded at Hamp-
ton Roads, Va., was being brought south
through the Canal in large quantities,
with 90 percent of it going to Japan.
This was attributed to the continued
demand by the growing Japanese heavy
industry, which must import coal and
coke for the manufacture of steel.
Grain movements from the West
Coast of the United States and Canada
fell off in the three-month period, pos-
sibly because of competition from the
St. Lawrence Seaway and the increas-
ing movement of Russian wheat into
countries in Europe which formerly de-

PANAMA LINE

SAILINGS
FROM CRISTOBAL
Cristobal. ............ November 4
Ancon ................ November 12
Cristobal. ............ November 23
Ancon ................ November 30
FROM NEW YORK
Ancon.................November 4
Cristobal ............. November 15
Ancon ................ November 22
Cristobal. ............. December 2

i PP

TRANSITS BY OCEAN-C
VESSELS IN SEPTEMB

Conmerncial. .. ...............
U S. ( n;o x n rliint. ...... .....
Total . ..............
TOLLS
C(oiiuniial ..... 83830,969O
T. S. ( ceimnnent. 32,252
Total .... ,'.I
CARGO l.I., tons)
lnommrcil ...... 4,335,716
'. S. (;o .rnlm t. 18,351
Total .... -.1 I ')67
*Includes tolls on all vessels, ocean-going

pended on the Canadian and I
Coast supply.
Banana shipments, movir
bound through the Canal fro
and Central American ports
slightly, with the last three-mo
being under those of the simil
last year. Bananas are shipped
the East Coast of the United S
to Europe.

N

G

;(),C; Statistics for the quarter show that
ships using the Panama Canal still are
ER increasing in size. During the month of
19:9 I 960 August the average ocean-going ship
823 5 17 transiting the Canal was measured at
8 14 5,763 Panama Canal net tons. This
compares with an average of 5,403 net
831 l61 tons for ocean-going ships transiting in
August 1959.
4,176,482 The average cargo load for ocean-
.11. ,, uii, II commercial vessels was 5,878 long
4 ,S7 tons in August. This is 763 long tons
*222 more than the average cargo load of
5,115 long tons in August 1959.
4,844.190 The United States continued to hold
35,145 first place in number of transits by ships
i -,. -, f \ilri its flag, just as it has ever since
tin. ('anal was opened. Second place,
and small however, went to Norway during the
quarter, while Germany dropped to
third place and British shipping, which
was slowed by a seaman's strike, ended
J.S. West the quarter in fourth place.
This was an unusual position for
ig north- British shipping through the Canal. On
im South an annual basis, Great Britain was
s, fell off second only to the United States in use
nth totals of the waterway from the time it opened
ar period until fiscal year 1960, when it was nosed
mainly to out by Germany, which sent 1,295 ships
states and through, compared to 1,294 British
ships.

OCEAN-GOING TRANSMITS
THROUGH PANAMA CANAL

JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN
MONTHS

1000
N
U
900 M
B
E
R
800
0
F
700
R
A
600 N
S
I
T
500 s

0

24 NOVEMBER 4, 1960

I I11111111 I III
3 1262 00041 5843

LATIN
AMERICA

DATE DUE
DUE R ET U FNED D
APR O 120 oO

i
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ii ..

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: ;: i: .. .

:!: .; B
* " ...: E."

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: .. .. . ..:'.' :.; !

... ; *:

1." *:
.:,

	Front Cover
	Title Page
	Main
	Back Cover

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