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UWI
ST. AUGUSTINE
CAMPUS


SUWI T D I .
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES' ST. AUGUSTINE CAMPUS


The Tale of


.on


I


Trinidad Peppers Ranking as
The Hottest in the World has a Sting in the Tail
(See Page 4) PHOTO wwwpepperlovercom


AWARDS - 3
Cacique Crowns
* President Bharrat Jagdeo
reveals Independence Honours


INNOVATION - 6
A Feast of Chataigne
* New machine takes the work away


GAMES
2011
SPORT - 12
Cave Hill Wins
* The Blackbirds
rule the roost


FOOD - 9
Peas like Peas
* New varieties bring
year-round yields


BOOKS - 15
Digital Reads

, ...i . ! k 11. ,I t
-


.iP






SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011 - UWI TODAY 3


Vice Chancellor of The UWI, Professor
E. Nigel Harris and Pro Vice Chancellor
and St. Augustine Campus Principal,
Professor Clement Sankat have been
conferred the Cacique Crown of Honour,
the third highest honour of Guyana
under the National Awards, to mark the
country's 45th Independence anniversary
on May 26.
President Bharrat Jagdeo, who
delivered a lecture on "Guyana's
evolving relationship with Brazil and its
implications for the Caribbean" at The
UWI on June 11, made the appointments
in his capacity as Chancellor of the
Orders of Guyana. The award ceremony
will take place later this year.
Prime Minister of Guyana, Sam
Hinds was conferred the Order of


Excellence (OE), the nation's highest
award. Dr Arlington Chesney of CARDI
was conferred the Golden Arrow of
Achievement (AA), as was Dr Edward
Greene, former CARICOM Assistant
Secretary-General.
Other recipients of the Cacique
Crown of Honour, are the late Minister in
the Ministry of Education Dr Desrey Fox;
Bank of Guyana Governor, Lawrence
Williams; Chief Statistician, Lennox
Benjamin; Donna Yearwood; Clyde
Roopchand; Former Chief Justice, Ian
Chang; GRA Commissioner-General,
Khurshid Sattaur; Malcolm Parris;
doyen of the art community, Phillip
Moore; Miles Fitzpatrick; and Clinton
Collymore.


CAC I QU E




CROWNS


Two conferences about building relations between India
and the Caribbean took place a month ago, both invoking
diaspora bonds as a medium to deepen linkages.
The first of these conferences, organised by the
High Commission of India, was titled "Building a New
Partnership between India and the Caribbean: The Role
of Diaspora'," and the second was on the "Global South
Asian Diaspora." Neatly dovetailing into each other, both
events took place primarily at the St. Augustine Campus,
which played a key role, and the latter was the seventh
conference in the series.
The value of deepening such ties cannot be
underestimated in this global environment; India as one
of the Big Four economies tagged the BRIC along with Brazil, Russia and China, would
be an important economic partner for this region.
There is no denying that the cultural bonds between India and the Caribbean,
particularly Trinidad, Guyana and Suriname, have shaped the way of life up and down
the region. Indeed, with over 170 years gone by since the first shiploads of indentured
workers came to the region, it is a source of fascination how much of that way of life - in
food, clothes, music, ritual and religion - has survived intact to this day.
Many visitors from modern day India have been struck by the preservation of
their culture, transplanted and kept alive and unchanged in many ways, while much of
it is not as visible in its ancestral home. The Caribbean might well have become a place
where people can see how an old way of life had been exquisitely re-crafted to fit into a
different space, and how a culture has maintained many traditional aspects and adapted
to the new world. This is cause for celebration.
Those cultural bonds have long been the mainstay of the relationship between
India and the Caribbean, and as we seek to further deepen our ties, we should also
focus on other areas that can enhance this, such as business/industrial partnerships,
sports, tourism and other creative enterprises. It may seem irrelevant, but even the
current tour by the Indian cricket team did not seem to be arranged so as to maximise
spectator attendance, including those fans from the Indian diaspora at the games. We
simply have to adjust our ways of seeing and planning to reap the rich rewards of this
diasporic connection.
The conferences had looked at networking of diaspora associations in the Caribbean
and their role in development, at economic enterprise and technology, and in looking
at innovative financing mechanisms. These are the kinds of initiatives and perspectives
that can move the region forward in a holistic way, and they really invite us to consider
our ancestral links from the other side of the traditional lens.


CLEMENT K. SANKAT
Pro Vice Chancellor & Principal


President of Guyana, Bharrat Jagdeo, as he addressed the audience during his lecture on "Guyana's
evolving relationship with Brazil and its implications for the Caribbean" at the Office of the Campus
Principal at St. Augustine on June 11.


A New Way of Seeing India


EDITOSIATEAM


CAMPUS PRINCIPAL
Professor Clement Sankat


DIRECTOR OF MARKETING
AND COMMUNICATIONS
Mrs. Dawn-Marie De Four-Gill

EDITOR
Ms. Vaneisa Baksh

CONTACT US
The UWI Marketing and Communications Office
Tel: (868) 662-2002, exts. 2013. 2014
Or e-mail: uwitoday@sta.uwi.edu


^^^^^^^^^^^^^^BFROM THE PRNCM~IPAL ^^^^^^^






4 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


The Sting of a





SCORPION

Local pepper is hottest in the world

BY VANEISA BAKSH


When the news broke that a Trinidadian pepper is now
ranked as the world's hottest pepper, it raised a burning
question. Why was Australia being named as the place
of origin of the Trinidadian Scorpion Butch T? The local
Scorpion emerged as an even hotter honcho than the English
Naga Viper, ousting it from the Guinness World Records
as of March 2011.
Fortunately, the Scorpion's name features its homeland
because this is a blistering business when it comes to
marketing origins, and already heat has been turned up as
its Trinidadian roots are not being touted in its international
ranking.
The Guinness World Records lists it as a pepper grown
in Australia by The Chilli Factory, who named it the Butch T,
after an American, Butch Taylor, owner ofZydeco Hot Sauce.
Taylor had passed out some of the seeds and they ended up
in the gloved hands of the Chilli Factory Owners.
The pepper is indisputably of Trinidadian origin, as
even its name reflects, but it needs to be more aggressively
claimed or its commercial potentials maybe diminished.
A local chemist, Dr Rosalie Holder, was actually the one
to begin measuring the Scorpion's incendiary qualities from
as far back as 1998. While she was doing research for her
PhD at The UWI, visiting farmers and checking out their
pepper yields, she was presented with some Scorpions by
Lawrence Constantine, a farmer in the Maracas Bay area,
who'd found this crop particularly hot.
Measured at 1,4463,700 Scoville Heat Units for the
world record, the Scorpion packs a good 100,000 SHU
over the Viper. To give you an idea of their potency as chilli
peppers, the Jalapeno only goes up to 5000 SHU, and ifyou're
going to touch Scorpions and Vipers, it is advisable to wear
gloves and masks.
Constantine's peppers were growing at some altitude
and it had been a blistering season, stressing out the crop.
That would explain why the heat units went up, says
Professor Pathmanathan Umaharan, a UWI professor of
genetics, who worked with Dr Holder on her peppers, doing
the purification, the agronomy and the morphology. He says
that heat brings heat.
"The heat of the pepper is determined by the amount
of stress the plant undergoes. Cool weather will keep them


calm. Of course it has to do with the strain of the pepper,"
he said. It sounds like something we can all identify with.
Dr Holder had been working on a dissertation,
"Processing Potential of Peppers of the Capsicum Series,"
and was gathering samples for her research. She bought hot
peppers grown in areas like Caroni, Chaguanas, Tabaquite,
Caigual and St. Helena.
"My first green and yellow peppers were purchased
from Farmer Maikoo who grew them at St. Helena," she
said, but most of her samples were bought at the Port of
Spain Market, and she got some from CARDI in Barbados
and Trinidad. "However, Lawrence Constantine sourced
the seeds of the Scorpion, Seven Pot, Chinese White and
Congo peppers. He grew these peppers on the hillside at
the one-mile mark of the North Coast Road that leads to
Maracas Bay."


When Mr Constantine's peppers came to her in that
hot season more than a decade ago, Prof Umaharan did the
purification process that would ensure consistency, and as
she began measuring, she was blown away.
Prof Umaharan recalls how a student, wearing two
sets of gloves while examining the peppers, reported that
he spent that night with his arms extended into two ice
baths, such was the pain. Indeed, a couple years ago, Indian
scientists were considering using the Bhut Jolokia, once
ranked as the world's hottest pepper, in hand grenades as a
non-lethal weapon. Imagine it as a pepper spray!
Dr Holder is very perturbed at the idea that the
Australian marketing thrust threatens the identity and
origin of the pepper.
Dr Holder's concern maybe primarily about recognition
for her work regarding the Scorpion, but it raises a larger
question about the way we manage our business. Peppers
are an almost folkloric component of Caribbean culture.
The variations of heat and spice are invoked as human
characteristics: she hot like a Congo, means she is not to
be trifled with. Trinidadians know the difference between
slight, medium and plenty. The names alone are revealing
cultural markers.
In the brilliant novel, "The Sly Company of People
Who Care," by Rahul Bhattacharya, there is a character
called Ramotar Seven Curry on account of his predilection
for attending weddings up and down Guyana. His name
shadows the phenomenal Seven Pot Pepper - known by
some as the Seven Pod Pepper - but respected by all as
one of the hottest peppers in the world. Just as Ramotar
Seven Curry needs seven times the amount of curry the
average person needs to sate his palate for wedding fare, so
the pepper is hot enough to spice the equivalent of seven
pots.
Pepper pots and stories - hot and sweet - abound; it is
a part of our culture. The idea that the Trinidad Scorpion
pepper is named after an American, and credited with an
Australian origin suggests that once again we have been
too slow to assert ownership of an indigenous product,
and we have to act speedily and assertively to rectify this
potential pickle.


"The pepper is indisputably of Trinidadian origin, as even its name reflects, but it needs

to be more aggressively claimed or its commercial potentials may be diminished."


0 RESEARCH






SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011 - UWI TODAY 5


TAKE A CLOSE LOOK AT THE GOOD BOOKS

BY DR. JUDITH GOBIN


Small farmers
clearing Northern
Range hillside land
for crops. An old
fridge dumped into
the St. Ann's River. A
high-rise townhouse
development in the
SDiego Martin hillside.
S A successful water-
bottling factory in
Trinidad. An
v . unsuspecting patron
at the T20 cricket
match between India
of and the west Indies at
the Oval.
What do these have in common?
The first four continue to contribute to the severe
flooding this country regularly experiences. By the time you
read this article, you would have witnessed or read about
the flooding that occurred on Saturday 4th June in Port of
Spain and environs. Unfortunately, the unsuspecting patron
suffered the direct impact, finding his flooded and muddied
car on Ariapita Avenue; the final straw after the unhappiness
of West Indies losing the match!
Unfortunately, this event appeared to be timed almost
in celebration of World Environment Day (WED) on June
5th.
You may also have read the full-colour supplement
with wonderful encouraging messages from the Minister
of Environment, Dr. Roodal Moonilal, and appreciated the
beautiful "green" advertisements. In that supplement we
were reminded that 2011 is International Year of Forests and
the theme for WED was "Forest: nature at your service" This
is only fitting since our forests provide water, food, medicine
and clean air and regulates climate, thus embodying the
three sustainable development pillars: economic, social and
environmental.
Forests also play a major rule in regulating the impacts
of floods and storms. In Trinidad and Tobago, numerous


studies and comprehensive reports (done by local specialists
and local and foreign consultants) have provided extremely
good solutions to critical activities such as unmanaged
hillside agricultural practices, illegal deforestation,
improper garbage disposal and dumping of wastes into our
watercourses.
Why then do we continue to find ourselves in this
situation year after year? It is time our decision makers take
a close look at the various recommendations (within costly
documents) sitting on shelves in their ministries. Many of
us in the environmental field agree that we have most of
the tools and do not need to re-invent the wheel. Solutions
such as containment of rain/flood waters lie within the
"Integrated Water Resources Management for TT;" regular
collection of household and other garbage lies within
the "Waste Management Strategy for TT" and managing
plastics can be found within the Beverage Containers Bill
(Draft), etc.
These activities which have such severe negative impacts
on the environment and quality of life for citizens of this
country could be so easily alleviated, if our decision makers
would simply institute the appropriate recommendations.
Environmental management, which includes flood
management, is a cross cutting task in T&T and we already
have the various institutions in place, fopr instance, the


Water Resources Agency, which has primary responsibility
for water resources management; the Drainage Division,
Ministry of Works and Transport, which is responsible
for the construction and maintenance of storm water and
flood control structures in the catchments of the major river
basins; and the Forestry Division, Ministry of Agriculture,
Land and Marine Resources, which is responsible for forest
management, the promotion of watershed management, and
the management of wetlands.
Decision makers, we urge you to please be more pro-
active and attack this problem at the "sources" rather than
applying bandages at the areas downstream of impacts!
So again:
Small farmers clearing Northern Range hillside land
for crops. A high-rise townhouse development in the Diego
Martin hillside. The Planning Bill must be passed, adhered
to, publicized and illegal activities curtailed!
An old fridge dumped in the St. Ann's River. Efficient
collection systems/dump areas must be sustained!
A successful water-bottling factory in Trinidad.
Beverage Containers Bill must be passed, adhered to and
publicized!
An unsuspecting patron at the T20 cricket match at
the Oval... not sure, but maybe we can pass a law that West
Indies must win?


Dr. Judith Gobin is a Lecturer, Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago






6 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


S INNVAIO


The Chataigne Peeler


Student's machine could put this delicacy on your table every week


BY RODNEY


HARNARINE


,.. fruit is well
relative ... te b i . The Chataigne

known in parts
"-' of the Caribbean,
�5'k$ notably Trinidad
and Guyana, as a
delicacyservedin
Aa coconut curry
sauce at special
occasions, such
as weddings and
at Divali.
A close
relative of the breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), the chataigne
(Artocarpus camansi) contains twice the protein, and its
seeds are low in fat compared with nuts such as the almond,
brazil, and macadamia.
Known in the region as the bread nut or katahar
(Guyana) it is prized when ripened for the seeds, and when
mature, but not ripe, it is prepared in delicately flavoured
curries.
To do this, the thick, spiky skin must be removed,
and the flesh shredded apart by hand after the seeds are
painstakingly removed. Served with roti (paratha) along
with other vegetables, it is a popular dish at weddings and
other functions.
While the demand for curried chataigne has been
growing, the task of peeling and preparing the fruit is so
labour intensive that it makes it almost prohibitive.
A typical wedding might require 300 chataigne fruits
for a side dish, and this would take about 12 man-days for
preparation, i.e. peeling, shredding and then preparing the
seeds before cooking. No wonder it has remained such an
occasional delicacy!
That might soon be a thing of the past.
Nishad Gopaulchan, a final year Mechanical
Engineering student at The UWI, has designed and built
a simple machine that can prepare 100 chataigne fruits in
an hour.

DEVELOPING THE MACHINE
Various methods for separating the seeds from the
fibrous inner core of the fruit were considered and these
included friction, brushing and impact, however the one
that showed the best potential was impact.
Initial trials with steel rods impacting on the inner


core of the fruit, left bruises or marks of injury on the final
product. Although this could be minimized and managed,
it showed up as brown to black marks on the product when
kept refrigerated for awhile.
Replacing the steel rod beaters with a steady rubber
one, minimized, if not eliminated, the problem of impact
injury on the finished product.
Placing the rotating and stationary rubber fingers
was a critical factor in the design, as the spacing must be
appropriate to allow the flow of the separated fiber and
seeds through the machine without clogging and "sticking"
the machine.
The machine is powered by a single phase 110 Volt
motor; hence it can be plugged into any domestic household
electric supply.
The machine is ergonomically designed; the hopper is at
the top and can be easily reached by the average adult while
the lower chute allows enough height to place a receptacle
to collect the finished product. There are no sharp edges or
projecting bolts that could create risks for injury to users
of the machine.

COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL FOR THE MACHINE
The machine was on display at both the recently
concluded Sci-technofest, run by NIHERST and the Open
Day at the Faculty of Engineering; without quoting a price
for the machine, more than 100 persons have indicated an
interest in having one of these machines.
Among those who have expressed interest, caterers
were the largest group. At the Faculty of Engineering at
UWI, we see this as a wonderful opportunity to expand the
consumption of local cuisine, with its attendant backward
linkage with agriculture, while simultaneously creating the
opportunity to commercialize our homegrown mechanical,
machine-building skills.
The project has a high potential for success both locally
and internationally.


Rodney Harnarine is a development engineer at
the Department oj.\ I, I,,,,,, ,,i d. ,J Manufacturing
Engineering, at The UWI, St. Augustine. He
supervised the constr., i, ..,,,-.f'l,,,iJGopaulchan'
Chataigne Peeler.


"A typical wedding might require 300 chataigne fruits for a side dish, and this would take

about 12 man-days for preparation ...that might soon be a thing of the past."






8 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


0 INOATO


Fresh Pigeon Peas all year

BY ALBERTHA JOSEPH-ALEXANDER


From December to February, pots come alive as they
bubble away with popular pigeon peas. For that is when
they are most likely to be bought fresh, from the markets,
or from the trays of pick-up vans parked at the sides of
highways and byways.
Nothing beats a pelau made from fresh pigeon peas,
many a cook will declare - or a hearty stew or curry. In
fact, a survey conducted by Albada Beekham, a former
postgraduate student at The UWI, has indicated an
overwhelming preference by consumers for the fresh version,
which is not surprising to any pigeon pea connoisseur.
But when the season is over, they have to resort to the
dried version or even tinned pigeon peas. "Absence makes
the heart grow fonder," might be an apt phrase to describe
the longing for this staple legume.
The earliest breeding efforts on the pigeon peas crop
in the Caribbean started in 1934 at the Imperial College for
Tropical Agriculture (ICTA) in Trinidad, the forerunner to
the St Augustine Campus. Research continued under ICTA's
successor, the Regional Research Centre (RRC), which was
part of the Faculty of Agriculture in the fifties. This work,
along with similar breeding efforts in Puerto Rico led to
the development of the traditional varieties that are now
consumed.
However these varieties, planted by farmers and others
in their backyard gardens, cannot meet the demand for
fresh pigeon peas throughout the year. They are confined
to flowering and production during the three-month span
when day lengths are shorter - minimum day lengths
between 12 to 14 hours are required for the initiation of
flowering. These varieties also take from 180-280 days to
mature, thus the customary June planting of pigeon peas is


put into perspective. The crop is also low yielding due to its
extended period of vegetative growth during the flowering
period.
Now research being done at The UWI has shifted the
pigeon peas paradigm. You might now have access to fresh
peas all year round, thanks to expansion of the breeding
work that began more than 75 years ago.

The UWI has focused on solving this seasonal problem
by developing new varieties which:
(i) are less sensitive to day length (photoperiod
insensitive);
(ii) mature, flower and produce over a shorter period
(short duration);
(iii) are dwarf in size (pods picked without the need to
tiptoe);
(iv) grow less after flowering (determinate), and
(v) produce pods at the top of the plant. This feature aids
in mechanical harvesting.

The first generation or batch of improved varieties
released in the early 1980s, included UW 17, UW 26 and UW
10. These created considerable interest since they were the
first short-duration, year-round varieties in the Caribbean.
Unfortunately, the shorter pod size, unfavourable seed
quality attributes and the poor yields during the off-season
made farmers reluctant to adopt them.
The pods of the early varieties were shorter, narrower
(making it harder to shell), had less seeds and were smaller in
size (lower hundred seed weight). The seeds also had a lower
starch content and higher levels ofphenolics, leading to the
greater nuisance of fingers being stained from shelling.


Further improvements saw the development of a second
generation or batch of pigeon pea varieties - UW 223, UW
263, and UW 282 - in the early part of the past decade
(2000s). The new varieties produced pigeon peas in less than
four months, as compared to the long wait of six months
or more for the traditional varieties. They can be planted
throughout the year and are expected to yield pigeon peas in
3-4 months. These combined higher off-season yields with
better pod and seed quality characteristics, longer and wider
pods with lower levels of phenolics and larger number of
seeds per pod, as well as starchy, less fibrous seeds. Although
the seed size was superior to the early varieties it was still
falling short of that of the popular traditional varieties by
20% to as much as 60%.
From a genetic perspective could the seed size be
increased to an acceptable level among these new varieties,
or is it an elusive dream?
Building on the previous work of Albada Beekham
on physical and biochemical quality traits and M.S.A.
Fakir on yield, I undertook further research on the link
or genetic relationship between seed size, other important
pod quality features and yield. Findings indicate that seed
size can be further improved without negatively affecting
yield or seed number per pod, which is fantastic, because
it appears that you can have year-round production and
have the pod and seed qualities of the traditional varieties.
Early results indicate that seed size can be improved by as
much as 40% over the second generation varieties previously
developed.
If the study can be replicated over time and different
parts of Trinidad the farmers and consumers can have their
favourite pigeon peas dish, all year through.


Albertha Joseph-Alexander has a BSc. in Botany and Biochemistry and an MSc in Crop Protection from The UWI. She is completing an MPhil in Plant Science.
The research is entitled Morphophysiological characteristics associated with nitrogen fixation and yield in pigeonpea.






SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011 - UWI TODAY 9


Biodiversity at its Boldest


Research symposium airs it all

BY ALANA JUTE


The range was wide, diverse and fascinating. Presentations
included an exploration into a biological control against the
dreaded Aedes aegypti mosquito (bringer ofyellow fever and
dengue); counting the Tufted Capuchin monkey population;
enhancing breadfruit production, analysing cassava tissue
protein, studying dwarf pigeon peas and evaluating trawl
fishery in the Gulf of Paria.
All in all, 29 oral presentations were made when the
Department of Life Sciences (DLS) at The UWI hosted is
first research symposium over two days in April. Themed,
"Engendering Collaborative Research - Linking Science
with the Environment," it was an opportunity for students
to share and critique each other's work, as well as for the
Department to give outsiders a sense of the nature of the
research being done within.
Among some of the other topics under scrutiny
were: "Isolation and characterization of potential diesel-
degrading bacterium isolated from oil contaminated soil,"
"Concentration and genetic composition of airborne micro-
organisms and pathogens during African dust events,"
"Assessing the state of human leptospirosis" and "Seedling
Leaf Toughness in the Tropical Forest - Is Mora the tough
one?"
The DLS carries out research in a variety of areas of
ecology, management of tropical habitats, conservation of
biodiversity, biotechnology and genetic improvement and
integrated management of tropical pests and parasitoids.
Scientific research such as this is what is needed to diversify
the economy of Trinidad and Tobago in a competitive global
market.



* ORAL UNDERGRADUATE
PRESENTATION WINNERS
1st - Mr. Keston Finch
A pilot mn,. -*ii,.io' into the diet of four commercial fish
species found in the marine environment in Trinidad

2nd - Mr. Andrew Dhanoo
An analysis of Trinidadian fruits for Phosphorous and
Potassium in relation to dietary restrictions of End Stage
Renal Disease

3rd - Mr. Antonio Ramkissoon,
Ms. Safia Varachhia, Ms. Jodie Sooknanan,
Ms. Tavia Bandoo and Mr. Aadil Reid
Screening of potential antibiotic activity amongst bacteria
taken from the Pointe-a-Pierre Wildfowl Trust, Trinidad.

* UNDERGRADUATE
POSTER PRESENTATION WINNERS
1st - Ms. Michele deVerteuil
Thermoregulatory behaviour of freshwater turtles in the
wet season

2nd - Mr. Andrew Dhanoo
An analysis of Trinidadian fruits for Phosphorous and
Potassium in relation to dietary restrictions of End Stage
Renal Disease

3rd - Mr. Richard Farrell
Cassava Stem Tuber: Analysis of Cassava Tissue Protein
Profiles


* OUTLINES OF RESEARCH PRESENTATIONS

Cassava Stem Tuber: Analysis of Cassava An
Tissue Protein Profiles - Mr. Richard Farrell Po
Cassava plants are mainly propagated via hard stem Re
"ati .- or seeds. There is new evidence that cassava - a
tubers can also form from the stem itself when grown In
in an inverted position from hard stem iit,, .o to
oft
Use of bio-elicitors for modulation of plant wh
growth and enhancing disease resistance sho
- Dr. Jayaraj Jayaraman saf,
Bio-elicitors are bio chemical substances that induce ill
the production of defence related proteins in higher
plants which primarily enhances the level of resistance A I
to " i.d'-' ". This crop production strategy is Tol
relatively inexpensive, and offers moderate level of Thi
resistance to several ijti". , '." Preliminary results to
have shown seaweed extract formulations (SWE) for 21,
disease control in carrots and greenhouse cucumber am
have been proved to be successful in earlier studies. am
Fie
up


One of the more interesting presentations came from
the undergraduates. These young and creative second-year
students decided to use video to create an informative and
entertaining presentation on Giradia, a parasite. The use of
video showed the adoption of the film medium in tertiary
education, representing a shift in the way science is reported.
We live in a very visual world and students increasingly



* POSTGRADUATE
ORAL PRESENTATION WINNERS
1st - Seema Ramkissoon
S..-. d'o ti,. concentration and ,. /. i,. composition of
airborne micro-organisms andi.,i,i. .,' '- during African
dust events in Trinidad.

1st - Darshan Narang
Population density of an introduced primate: The Tufted
Capuchin in Chaguaramas, Trinidad

2nd - Kerrie Naranjit
Ecology of the Trinidad "Piping-Guan"

3rd - Amaala Muhammad
Diversity of Caribbean Ralstonia solanacearum strains
associated with selected host species

* POSTGRADUATE POSTERWINNERS
1st - Nicole Sookoo
Toxicology of Pesticides in Tropical Amphians

2nd - Darshan Narang
Population Density of an introduced primate
- The Tufted Capuchin in Ci,,......... Trinidad

3rd - Nerissa Ali
Effect of seaweed extract on plant growth and disease
incidence infield tomatoes


alysis of Trinidadian fruits for Phosphorous and
tassium in relation to dietary restrictions of End Stage
nal Disease (ESRD) Patients
/r. Andrew Dhanoo
Trinidad and other tropical territories ESRD patients are told
tay away from local fruit. This research looked at the levels
hosphate and potassium in local fruits, the two major ions
ich cause complications in the body of an ESRD patient. Results
'wed that Carambola, Pomerac, Portugal and Paw Paw can be
ely consumed in '......,ii .... ,.. ,, I portions without any
effect.

iodiversity Monitoring System for Trinidad and
bago - Mrs. Yasmin S. Baksh-Comeau
is study involved an intensive and extensive botanical inventory
determine the status of vascular plants in Trinidad and Tobago;
000 specimens were identified of which 20,000 were ift .. ,1
d entered into a database using BRAHMS (Botanical Research
d Herbarium Management Systems)for i. .. i.{1",o ti,. Virtual
Id Herbarium (VFH). The survey provided more accurate and
dated information on plant species distribution.


learn on a daily basis visually. UWI is well placed to nurture
and advance these interdisciplinary modalities and surely
academic staff will see the value of adopting these visual
media in dissemination of knowledge.
The symposium provided an environment for
discussion of research ideas and the plan is for it to become
an annual event.


O'Wil


Alana Jute was one of the Committee members
,* ii l i , .. .,,,. i symposium


1 0 RESEARCH






10 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


FILM-MAKERS WITHOUT BORDERS


Dr. Bruce Paddington and Dr. Christopher Meir, both
Lecturers in Film at The UWI, St. Augustine participated
in the recent CARIFORUM talks in Jamaica on the
development of a model audiovisual co-production treaty
for CARIFORUM states.


" e. t n ,


- IWI


The talks, which were funded by the European
Development Fund, brought together film-makers,
film commissioners and experts in international trade
from throughout the Caribbean. The event was part
of CARIFORUM's implementation of the Economic
Partnership Agreement (EPA) signed with the European
Union in the region and was the culmination of months
of consultation. The meeting itself was concerned with
finalizing a model treaty for CARIFORUM states to utilize
in their attempts to foster audiovisual co-production across
national borders.
Dr. Paddington, who co-founded the UWI Film
Programme and is one of the world's leading experts on
Caribbean cinema, worked as the lead consultant on the
project, compiling data on the audiovisual industries of the
CARIFORUM states. He also represented the Trinidad and
Tobago Film Festival - one of the region's most important
cinematic institutions - of which he is founder and director.
Dr. Meir was invited by the event's organizers as an expert
on the subject of international co-production. Both also
represented the Film Programme at UWI, which is itself a
major stakeholder in the region's audiovisual industry.
The meetings took place in May in Kingston and
resulted in the drafting of the model treaty as well as a
strategic roadmap for the overall development of the region's
audiovisual sector.
Discussing the talks and the UWI Film Programme's


role in the development of the region's audiovisual industry
generally, Dr. Meir said, "It was a great honour to be asked
to participate in these talks which will go some ways
towards improving working conditions for film-makers and
consumers in the region. The commitment to assisting in the
development of the region's audiovisual sector is a crucial
part of our mission in the UWI Film Programme."


EXCHANGING IDEAS IN AGRICULTURE


BY DR DAVID


For just over a week in March, the St. Augustine Campus
hosted a team of agricultural experts from Texas Agricultural
and Mechanical (A&M) University and the University of
Florida. The visit represents a new trend from the exclusive
undergraduate exchanges which commonly occur between
The UWI and many overseas universities. The trip facilitated
the exchange of ideas, teaching methods, research topics and
methodologies among selected faculties at the respective
universities. The intention is to globalise curricula with
contextually-rich reusable learning objects (RLOs) and
authentic case studies that address multidisciplinary
issues.
The team of 12 faculty and two graduate students paired
with a host counterpart in a parallel expertise. The visitors
were from a range of disciplines as follows: Agricultural
Engineering, Wild Life, Fisheries, Horticulture, Health
and Kinesiology, Ecosystem Science and Management,
Agricultural Leadership, Recreation, Parks and Tourism.
Overseas faculty was selected based on their passion
for teaching and willingness to internationalise their
undergraduate courses.
Dr Corlyss Outley, Assistant Professor in the Department
of Recreation, Parks and Tourism Sciences at TAMU has
done extensive research on inner city play habits of youth
with particular interest on positive youth development,
racial/ethnic identity and out of school time experiences.
Outley paired with lecturer Margaret Gordon of the DAEE.
Gordon was able to test a new evaluation technique which
Outley introduced. Gordon also introduced Outley to a
familiar primary school in north Trinidad.
Professor Gary Briers is a livestock producer of
Simmental cattle and also teaches courses in research
methods and data analysis and interpretation. He noted


DOLLY


Dr Amy Harder, University of Florida, Corlyss Ottley, Jim Lindner and Gary Briers of Texas A & M University visiting the
Northern Wholesale Market.


the tremendous opportunities which exist in Trinidad
and Tobago to improve livestock production. Staff of the
departments of Food Production and Life Sciences also
hosted visitors in their areas of expertise and with similar
positive outcomes.
There was much student involvement in the exchange.
The agribusiness society of the Faculty of Science and
Agriculture hosted their graduate counterparts from
TAMU. They assisted in the conduct of a study to determine
consumer perceptions of healthy foods in Trinidad and
Tobago. In addition Society members were responsible for


field trips around Trinidad and the entire visit to Tobago. The
visitors toured the operations of the National Agricultural
Marketing and Development Company (NAMDEVCO).
Included in other tours were visits to the Cocoa Research
Unit's prized germplasm collection, research laboratories on
the Campus, the Caroni Swamp, the Pitch Lake, Asa Wright
Nature Centre, Buccoo Reef, Little Tobago and several
small farm operations. Society executive member, Stephan
Moonsammy relished the experience and felt it was a useful
opportunity for UWI students to interact with Faculty from
another university.


Dr David Dolly of the Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension (DAEE) St. Augustine, led the initiative,
which was supported by department head Dr Selby Nichols and staff of the DAEE.






SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011 - UWI TODAY 11


VICE CHANCELLOR'S AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE 2011



SEVEN TO RECEIVE VC'S AWARD


The UWI will recognize the outstanding contributions
of seven members of its staff at its 2011 Vice Chancellor's
- -Award for Excellence on October 5,2011 at the St. Augustine
Campus. Vice Chancellor, Professor E. Nigel Harris will
present the prestigious awards to this year's recipients
Professors Kathleen Coard, Minerva Thame, Anthony
Clayton and Mrs Eda Martin of the Mona Campus;
Dr. Anna-May Edwards-Henry and Professor Vijay
Narayansingh, St. Augustine Campus, and Professor Julie
Meeks Gardner of the Open Campus.
Professor of Pathology, Kathleen Coard will receive the
award for Teaching while two awards each will be presented
in the categories Research Accomplishments and Service
to the University Community. Awardees in the Research
category are Professor Minerva Thame, Head, Department
of Child Health, Mona, and Professor Vijay Narayansingh of
the Department of Surgery, St. Augustine, while Dr. Anna-
May Henry, Director of the Instructional Development Unit
at St. Augustine and Mrs. Eda Martin, Manager Customer
Service, Office of Finance, Mona will be recognized for
outstanding service to the University. Director of the
Ir.I..rI N,..I II.rr,' Institute for Sustainable Development, Professor Anthony
Clayton will be awarded in the category Public Service
and Professor Julie Meeks-Gardner who heads the Open
Campus' Caribbean Child Development Centre will receive
- the award for All-round Performance in two categories:
Y Research Accomplishments and Public Service.


Jannel Philip, a PhD Student from the Faculty of Social
Sciences was awarded the David Picou Young Researcher
Prize at the 56th Annual Scientific Meeting of The Caribbean
Health Research Council (CHRC).
Ms. Philip's paper, "Healthcare Students' Willingness
to Interact with Patients Living with HIV/AIDS(PLHIV):
Examining the Influence of Attributions, Prejudicial
Evaluation, Perception of Occupational Risk and Emotions,"
emphasized the integral role of emotions in forming HIV
related attitudes and behaviours ofhealthcare providers and
recommended that emotions such as empathy be considered
in efforts to enhance provider-patient interactions.
The CHRC, a health research organization, stages an
annual scientific conference which brings together research
and minds from the Bahamas to Belize. At this year's
conference in Guyana in April, there were more than 100
presentations, including oral and poster presentations and
feature lectures.
The Young Research prize is awarded annually to the
researcher whose presentation at the CHRC Scientific
meeting is the most outstanding, and who is not known to be
an established scientist. According to the CHRC secretariat,
the following is taken into account when adjudicating the
presentation: Objective or hypothesis is sound; Paper is well
written; The results and their interpretation are credible and
statistical analyses of the data are valid; The conclusions are
important and relevant to Caribbean health problems; The
quality of the presentation is high, especially with regard
to: delivery, clarity of slides, discussions are pertinent and
supported by the results.
The awarding of this prize to social science research
signals the acknowledgement and appreciation of the
contribution of social science research to health and
wellness. It highlights the need for combining the bio-
medical and social approaches to address health challenges
in the region.


ae Phiip (eft) receiving the David Picou Youg Researcher Award from Professor David Picou.

, , -; ^ .' "



Jannel Philip (left) receiving the David Picou Young Researcher Award from Professor David Picou.


YOUNG RESEARCHER PRIZE





12 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


*g.OR


CAVE HILL BLACKBIRDS

RULE THE ROOST
BY KAREN WICKHAM & JUSTIN LATAPY-GEORGE



The UWI Games has long been the major sporting
event for the three campuses at St. Augustine, Cave
Hill and Mona. It provides one of the few opportunities . .-
where students gather collectively as one university. . -
Each campus was represented by exactly 135 . -I " ,
athletes. The Games are rotated biennially on each . ' ' '
campus and involve the following 10 sporting '
disciplines: basketball, cricket, football, hockey, lawn . . _ .
tennis, netball, swimming, table tennis, track & field, -
and volleyball. F..
The motto for the 2011 Games was "4 Become 1:
One UWI, One Caribbean, One Champion" This is to;
emphasize that national loyalties are set aside at these ......
; ' " N -'�- . !, ""





UWI

GAMES
2011


games and to reinforce that all athletes were there to
represent their Campus.
Two outstanding athletes from each campus were
featured in the UWI Games 2011 booklet. The St.
Augustine team highlighted Mauricia Nicholson (track
& field, football, netball, and hockey) and Shervon
Penco (cricket). The Cave Hill team highlighted
Monique James (netball) and Tyrell Forde (track &
field). The Mona team chose Hansle Parchment (track
& field) and Sherone Forrester (netball, football). These
student-athletes were chosen for their dedication to
competitive sport on their campus whilst excelling in
academics.
Cave Hill dominated the Games, winning
volleyball, basketball, tennis, hockey, cricket and
netball - six of the ten disciplines. Mona won at
football and as expected, they dominated the track &
field with 373 points, with Cave Hill in second with






SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011 - UWI TODAY 13


292 points and St. Augustine in third place with 280.5
points. The day was very exciting since at midday, St.
Augustine was in second place and it was a fight to
the finish.
After 28 years, St. Augustine captured the first
place in swimming, and once again captured the table
tennis trophy.
In adherence to the World Anti-Doping Agency
standards, drug testing was a new feature of the
UWI Games and athletes were required to undergo
random drug testing under the supervision of a doping
control officer. A month prior to the Games, the Sport
Coordinators of the various campuses arranged Anti-
Doping Education workshops for all athletes with their
Doping Control Bodies.
At St. Augustine, Mr. Andre Collins, a Doping
Control Officer and Mr. Tyrone Marcus, a board
member on the Regional Anti-Doping Organization
ensured the athletes were thoroughly educated on
the protocol of the drug test and the different banned
substances that may render a positive test.


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14 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


FOUR NEW

PROFESSORS

Four senior academics at The UWI have
been promoted to the rank of Professor.
The announcement was made by University
Registrar/Director of Administration, Mr. C.W.
Iton following the recently concluded University
meetings at The UWI Cave Hill Campus in
Barbados, where the University's Finance
and General Purposes Committee (F&GPC)
endorsed the professorial appointments for
Dr. Frederick Ochieng'-Odhiambo, Dr. John
Ayotunde Isola Bewaji, Dr. Gary Garcia and
Mr. Surendra Arjoon.
Professor Ochieng'-Odhaimbo is now
a Professor in Philosophy and Head of the
Department of History and Philosophy at The
UWI Cave Hill Campus. A native of Kenya, he
received his PhD from the University of Nairobi,
Kenya. Professor Ochieng'-Odhiambo's research
interest is African Philosophy with a focus on
Philosophic Sagacity a concept introduced
into international philosophical circles in the
1970s.
Professor John Bewaji is a Professor in
Philosophy in the Department of Language,
Linguistics and Philosophy at The UWI Mona
Campus and also serves as Coordinator of
the Philosophy section. Professor Bewaji
has a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the
University of Ibadan and a Master of Arts from
the University of Ife. His research interests
include the Philosophical Analysis of Leadership
in African and African Diaspora and its relation
to Society and Development as well as the
Economics of Religion
Gary Garcia is a Professor in Animal
Science at The UWI St. Augustine Campus.
Professor Garcia obtained both his BSc and PhD
degrees at UWI and now lectures in the Faculty
of Science and Agriculture, teaching courses
in Lifestyle Products Technology and Tropical
Animal Science. Professor Garcia's main areas
of research include Production of Cattle and
Wildlife Management.
Professor of Business Ethics and Quantitative
Analysis, Surendra Arjoon, is a member of the
Department of Management Studies at UWI
St. Augustine. He is the holder of a degree in
Mathematics from the University of Waterloo
and a Master's from the University of Western
Ontario. Professor Arjoon's research interest
lies in areas of the application of natural law
ethics to education, business and the economy
with a specific focus on Corporate Governance,
Corporate Social Responsibility and Reporting
and the Nature and Purpose of Business.
These professorial appointments took effect
on May 18th, 2011.


Pete Pa to fly in Que'sHl


Must Come See Productions (MCS), the production arm
of the UWI Arts Chorale, in collaboration with Flying by
Foy, Nevada, USA, presents for the second weekend, its
seventh full length musical, Peter Pan, at Queen's Hall
from Friday 1 to Sunday 3 July, 2011. Flying by Foy is a
world renowned group expert in theatrical flying. They
will assist MCS in bringing theatrical flying to Trinidad
and Tobago for the very first time.
Peter Pan, the children's story written by novelist
J.M. Barrie and set to music by Broadway legend Jule
Styne, and Mark Charlap, is touted as being the "one
children's show that adults have no trouble enjoying".
This production promises to be another spectacle as it
features the combination of technical flying prowess,
seasoned actors, an award-winning production team,
live orchestra, and a host of talented singing and dancing
children. Peter Pan features a cast and crew of Cacique
winners, including: Jerrylee David in the title role of
Peter Pan, Kearn Samuel as Captain Hook, and a host of
talented singing and dancing children in the roles of the
"Darling Children" and the "Lost Boys".
In this story, Peter Pan is the boy "who won't grow
up." Accompanied by Tinker Bell, Peter Pan meets Wendy,


John and Michael in their nursery while searching for his
shadow. He teaches them how to fly and journeys with
them to the magical Neverland. There they join the Tribe
of the Lost Boys, meet Indians and battle pirates, led by
the notorious Captain Hook.
Louis McWilliams will direct and Cacique award
winner, Jessel Murray, who recently directed the National
Steel Symphony Orchestra at NAPA, will conduct the
live orchestral accompaniment. Cacique award-winning
costume designer Paulette Alfred-Guy-James, scenic
designer Sarah Morris and Cacique award winning
choreographer Adele Bynoe round out the production.
Reserved seating tickets are available only at Queen's
Hall Box Office. Schools can call 746-7499 to make
arrangements for tickets for the student matinees on
Friday 24th and Thursday 30th June. There are also two
discount nights, Wednesday 29th and Thursday 30th,
where all seats are priced at only $175.
MCS has been awarded fourteen Cacique awards
from the National Drama Association of Trinidad and
Tobago (NDATT). Past successes include: Fiddler on the
Roof Oliver!, The Sound of Music, Disney's Beauty and the
Beast and 2010's AIDA.


The Office of the
Principal at the
St. Augustine
. Campus hosted
the launch of
the book, Health
Communication
in the Caribbean
and Beyond: A
Reader, edited
by Dr. Godfrey
AL Steele, Deputy
Dean and Lecturer in Communication Studies, at
The University on June 21.

Health Communication in the Caribbean and
Beyond: A Reader provides a comprehensive, well-
researched and up-to-date discussion of the local
and international health communication literature
and provides a theoretical and practical framework
for teaching health and/or medical communication
skills. It reviews, explains and applies health
communication concepts and principles, and
provides contexts for their application in both the
classroom and in the health professions.


A READER
LiD I . i t B V

Godfrey k Steele


Dr. Steeles book is available
at the UWI Bookshop.


*~~ 0


Caibbea ad Beod A Reader


0 CAMPUS NEWS






SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011 - UWI TODAY 15


1 RAIN


What can't an e-book do?


Texture



I don't think I'm an e-book person. I love books. I'm never
without one. When I finish a book, I immediately go in
search of a new one. As I spot the book I'm about to begin,
I feel my senses ignite. The cover piques my curiosity - the
colours, the images, the book's name and author written in
any of a variety of fonts, sometimes embossed, sometimes
not. The thickness of the book further intrigues me - what
kind of adventures lie in all those pages? When I pick up
the book, its weight feels good in my hands. I open it and
the scent of the paper takes me back to past escapades. I flip
through and the texture of each page beneath my fingers
makes me tingle with excitement. Within these pages lies
my next adventure. All that's left to do is sit back, crack it
open and begin my journey.
Enter a new milestone for our digital age - the creation
of the e-book. What is an e-book? Mark Lyndersay, writer,
photographer and technophile cites what he calls a "very
brief" definition by Wikipedia, "a book-length publication
in digital form," in his presentation at the first Bocas Lit Fest,
Trinidad and Tobago's annual literary festival. The festival
took place this year, from April 28th to May 1st, at the
National Library/Old Fire Station compound, and included
readings by celebrated authors, performance poetry, panel
and roundtable discussions, workshops, book signing and
launches and storytelling sessions for children.
Lyndersayjoined fellow writers, Andre Bagoo, Elspeth
Duncan and Georgia Popplewell, at a roundtable session
titled Digital reading: the future ojf I ,11i.a., which sought
to discuss the influence of emerging technologies on the way
we read and write. The biggest topic? The e-book.
Characterized by its convenience - you can walk around
with over 300 full-length novels in one sleek e-reading
device as opposed to just one bulky novel and you can buy
an e-book anytime, anywhere with an internet connection
and the push of a button, click of a mouse or tap on a touch
screen, instead of waiting until you get to a book store - is
the e-book a threat to the courtship between a reader and
her book?
"Off course, there's no romance to the experience,"
Lyndersay states. "People who love books will do stuff like


scent and weight... it's all at
BY SERAH ACHAM



amazonk.ndle


111 0


"People who love
books will do
stuff like sniff the


spine; gently fondle
the texture of the
paper. Well there's
none of that in an
electronic book."
3 .__________ L4 .. t-M14



- _ . _ , " - , -,
* . 1
. , ,I


sniff the spine; gently fondle the texture of the paper. Well
there's none of that in an electronic book.'
Additionally, it's not enough to simply be interested in
reading the book. With an e-book, the e-reading device is
just as vital - the reader must choose one that matches her
taste. While some may prefer a tablet, such as Amazon's
Kindle, Barnes & Noble's Nook, or the iPad, Lyndersay
prefers reading on smaller devices, so his iPhone is ideal
for him.


ut contact



Another down side to e-books, he says, is that reading
on a screen encourages "'satisficing' ... when most people
look at a screen, they skim through it, find the stuff they're
interested in and move on and because we deal with screens
like that all the time, it takes a long time for people to begin
to read things off of a screen."
Yet, an avid e-book reader himself (he boasts a past
reading list of over 500 e-books, including audio books and
comics, since 2002), his list of advantages of the new digital
craze is great. For instance, "you can read in odd places',"
he says. "I read in lines ... anywhere that I'm stuck where I
have nothing to do." Listening to an audio book while stuck
in traffic is a calming experience, he says.
Another benefit is that "it's a way of bringing readers
and authors together." He explains that, since the process
of creating an e-book is quite simple, authors can sell their
digital publications at a minimal cost, or give them away
for free.
E-books also present an advantage to publishers since
there's no "back stock...no giant pile of paper that's been
printed on that you have to wait for somebody to buy."
Therefore, he continues, a book can never go out of print.
Audience members also chime in with their own
experiences with e-books. A teacher introduces the topic of
how they can be used in the classroom. Since new entrants
into our secondary schools are given their own laptop
computers, she says, can't they be equipped with e-books?
Will the publishers of text books consider publishing them
in digital format? Another assures that, for those readers
who like to curl up with a book and a cup of tea and settle in
for a nice read, an e-reading device is "just as curlupable."
So what's the verdict? Book or e-book?
"I'm not an e-bookperson," says Duncan whose recently
published novel, Daisy Chain, is currently available as an
e-book.
Popplewell raises her own e-reader to the audience, clad
in a case designed to resemble a book cover.
"The Kindle wins," Lyndersay says, narrowing it down
to his preferred e-reading device.
I'm a book person, but I'm willing to put down my
paperback for a couple weeks and try out an e-book.






16 UWI TODAY- SUNDAY 26TH JUNE, 2011


UWI CALENDAR ofEVENTS


JUNE - OCTOBER 2011


CTLPA 14TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE
30 Juine-2 July, 2011
Leai ning ResoLIIceCentie
UWI St Augustine

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PATH: EMERGING
TRENDS IN SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR THE
CARIBBEAN
S July, 2011
Hyatt Regency Tu nidad

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DISCOVERY CAMP 2011
11-30 July and 8-27 August, 2011
Depai tment of Cieative and Festival Ai ts,
Agostini Stieet
UWI St Augustine

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MANGO FESTIVAL
3 July, 2011
10am-6pm
University Field Station, Mt Hope


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PETER PAN
24 June-3 July, 2011
Queens Hall, Poi t of Spain

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UWI TODAY WANTS

TO HEAR FROM YOU


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30TH ANNUAL WEST INDIAN LITERATURE
CONFERENCE
13-15 Octobei, 2011

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SOCIAL INSECTS
1-4 August 2011
Lecttuie Theatie B, Fiank Stockdale Building,
UWI St Augustine

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DECADES OF RESEARCH
28 June, 2011
2 30pm-4 30pm
Daaga Auditoniumin, UWI St Augustine


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