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Presentation Files FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH WEKIVA BASIN ONSITE SEWAGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM STUDY Bureau of Onsite Sewage Programs Division of Environmental Health Florida Department of Health Today's Presentation * Existing Onsite Systems and Aquifer Vulnerability in the Wekiva Basin * Department Recommendations * DOH Rule Adoption Process Existing Development on OSTDS 120,000 100,000 80,000 i 60,000 40,000 20,000 Orange Orange m Wekiva m Remaining Lake Seminole Protection zones based or aquifer vulnerability assessment . .* T . Relative Vulnerability SPrimary Protection Zone Secondary Protection Zone Tertiary Protection Zone Wekiva Study Area I Water Features Hydrography 10 10 Miles 1K NEN - 5 P 10 5 0 10 Kilometers Department Recommendations DOH Recommendations 1 * Set a discharge limit of 10 milligrams per liter of total nitrogen for new systems, systems being modified, and for existing systems in the primary and secondary Wekiva Study Area protection zones. * Prohibit the land-spreading of septage and grease trap waste in the Wekiva Study Area. Septage waste would be required to be disposed of at wastewater treatment plants. DOH Recommendations 2 * Evaluate the economic feasibility of sewering versus nutrient removal upgrades to existing onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems. A phased-in approach to replacing the remaining existing systems should be developed with a target completion date of 2010. * Establish new regional wastewater management entities or modify existing ones to oversee the maintenance of all wastewater discharged from onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems in the study area. These programs should take the privatization approach and contract with existing licensed septic tank contractors. The Recommended System I q ir1I5lll *1 A Nutrient Reducing System with Drip Irrigation System Construction and Operating Costs * Conventional system $5,500 to $7,000 No operating permit except IM zoned areas * Proposed system $7,500 to $9,000 $100 operating permit Every 2 years $140 in annual electric costs Maintenance agreement DOH Rule Adoption Process Rule Adoption * Primary issues are to adopt a nitrogen limit and require drip irrigation for onsite systems * Permitting process is already in place in the rule * Public Input Technical Review and Advisory Panel (TRAP) established by 318.0068 FS * Formal TRAP Meeting to review proposals in May, 2005; * Anticipated rule implementation as early as March 2006 Solving Water Pollution Problems in the Wakulla Springshed The City of Tallahassee's Efforts to Reduce Stormwater Pollution Hydrogeology Workshop May 12-13, 2005 Water Quality and Stormwater Pollution * City of Tallahassee shares the goal of preserving water quality with Leon and Wakulla Counties, FDEP, EPA, Friends of Wakulla Springs and all Stakeholders. * Best accomplished through technically sound planning and goal setting. The Reality of Our Working Environment * There are many competing needs for a community's financial resources; fire, police, schools, roads..... Managing and improving water quality is an expensive endeavor. Due diligence must be used to ensure that the limited funding that is available, is effectively applied. Failure to do so, actually works against the goal of preserving water quality. City of Tallahassee's - Stormwater Pollution Reduction Planning .- 1 " / - .: ,r /p ,: The objective -- maximize progress with Focus on problem magnitude and remediation Effectiveness. S. 140,000 acres modeled .. 145 discrete catchments II~n II Llil City of Tallahassee's - Stormwater Pollution Reduction Planning Monitoring Sites Map * LUC Sites * MLUS Sites Channels /~Inlerstales /'\/ Federal ,' Major Minor I IUS Waters I Cily Limils * Monitoring sites were used to characterize the pollution in runoff from different land uses. 5 0 5 10 Miis V. City of Tallahassee's - Stormwater Pollution Reduction Planning Typical monitoring 9!. site used to collect and measure the pollution in runoff. TALLAHASSEE STORMWATER * Nitrogen values Less than National and Statewide Averages * Phosphorus, BOD, and TSS values Higher than National and Statewide Averages for Residential, Recreational and Open Land. Lower or equal to Statewide Averages for Other Land Uses. * Metals values Less than National and Statewide Averages except for Pb City of Tallahassee's - Stormwater Pollution Reduction Planning S Pollutant loading data was Sp-applied to the land use map across 140,000 acres. S This enables quantification of pollutant loads by watershed. City of Tallahassee's - Stormwater Pollution Reduction Planning S* Pollutant Loading -, Model was combined \ /with BMP data to develop a Program S- Cost Model. -* Done by evaluating actual pond sites and developing cost estimates and removal rates. I-- Yielded cost curves for -- a variety of alternative S/ program levels. Target Watersheds Alternative Revenue limitations led to examination of alternative approaches. Identified 20 Target -~ Watersheds with )n highest loadings. Target Watersheds Alternative * $60 million in investment over approx. 20 years * Not a "end-all" solution but a realistic start for what will be a long term effort. * Even this approach presents challenges. Tallahassee's SW Utility Fee With WIQ Increase 1.10 00 I.1 00 5 00 T Tallahassee with $1.70 increase for total of $7.95 per ERU. u 1.- 00 O .: : S2$5 00 n, o $2 1.1 00 $0 00 Florida Sunr tc% ol Smornm.imc ti ilil Rait'e Impact of $1.70 SW Fee Increase on 20 Largest Customers Current Annual Annual Change Current Monthly Monthly Change with $1.70 Increase with $1.70 Increase $458,663 $124,756 $38,222 $10,396 $397. 185 $108,034 $33,099 $9,003 $350,243 $95.266 $29, 187 $7,939 $341,303 $92.834 $28.442 $7,736 $159,465 $43,374 $13,289 $3,615 $103,688 $28,203 $8,641 $2,350 $94,470 $25,696 $7.873 $2.141 $89.550 $24.358 $7.463 $2,030 $49,380 $13,431 $4,115 $1,119 $48,525 $13. 199 $4,044 $1,100 $46,650 $12,689 $3.888 $1,057 $45.518 $12.381 $3.793 $1.032 $42,533 $11,569 $3,544 $964 $41.535 $11.298 $3.461 $941 $35.430 $9.637 $2.953 $803 $19,545 $5,316 $1,629 $443 $19,328 $5,257 $1,611 $438 $18,690 $5,084 $1,558 $424 $18.473 $5,025 $1,539 $419 $17. 183 $4.674 $1,432 $389 Continued Application of Conventional Stormwater Management Practices S^ ^^H^^^^^^ ^.5. -H^^^ Capital Cascades Trail Stormwater System * Cost $110 million. --~ic *1. t~ & F ...., ;-f .* * tj .,... * Part of City & County Blue Print 2000 Initiative. * 15 New Ponds or Wetlands totaling 50 acres. * Removes approximately 2000 Ibs N / yr 600 Ibs P /yr ,*, .W sU ^r"' TENNESSEE STREET FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY PENSACOIASTREET CIVICCTR. CAPITOL GAINES STREET FLORIDA UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY r > i-\ ORANGE AVENUE ^r/ N \ p * Cost $110 million. * Part of City & County Blue Print 2000 Initiative. * 15 New Ponds or Wetlands totaling 50 acres. * Removes approximately > 2000 Ibs N /yr S600 Ibs P/yr I -irt YPALiPM 64T 1 .'- rf Nutrient Removal Project Evaluation Application of Innovative Stormwater Management FITiTP^ oS D DSON LN N ea*- , te. llxllll l 1~9" di ,LI * .- *.' 1. i. r. -~ W.MOOL60--=- 'J m. rIL -i RAM --- CLi~r.l rl .I ~ ;iiru~L J ..y ~. . '~;cc-nu i rY~ r .~ j. t ;.:I~ FL. I~~f r * .. X)* 1* "w' PC 2, - I~ I - "-- ** *I , a .... ,, ..~E\ Y *2-;' ;"' ".' .. ~~ 1* -+ tee r 2 a r 1*- r. -~ '~* "~c ~ c* - --ee:; - --- ~ r ~~~ ^trcj;; ,, . .. ...... .. Highlights of Local Project Under Consideration Managed Aquatic Plant System * Approximate Size = 12 ac. * Harvest Cycle of 7 Days. * Total Mass P Percent Removal 35% @ 25 MGD Avg Daily Flow. * Removal Considers Warm Season (243 da.) and Cool Season (122 da.) Reduced Performance Period. * Compost Assumed to be Most Likely End Product. Estimated Cost and Performance of Managed Aquatic Plant System ITEM Weems Pond NRF Bench Scale Testing $81,390 Capital Construction Cost $2,484,000 Annual Operation $252,000 Phosphorus Removal (Lbs/Yr) 3,560 Annual Compost (Tons /Yr) 331 Groundwater Nitrate Loading Various Sources Nitrate Loading Stormwater Nitrate in Tallahassee Stormwater Compared to Wakulla Sprinas (2000-2004) Nitrate in Tallahassee Stormwater Compared to Wakulla Springs (2000-2004) 0.783 0.126 Tallahassee Stormwater Nitrate Level 1* 0.8- 0.6- 0.4- lib I Wakulla Springs Nitrate level Wakulla Springs Nitrate Concentration vs. Flow 00 Nitrate m2 Inverse relationship 600 it1 r between flow and - 500o Nitrate concentration So400 indicates that S300 stormwater is not the .o 04 likely source of high 100 Flow(cfs) 0 nitrate levels at 100 02 z Wakulla Springs. ol lo .- s ,- , ,-,* ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-' ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-,*J ,-' ,-,*J ,-,*J Nitrate Loading Wastewater Systems Comparison of Sprayfield Nitrogen Load with Nitrogen Discharae at Wakulla Sprinas 700 600 0 0 500 0 _ 400 Cu S300 4- 0 u 200 .0 100 0 Wakulla Springs Discharge Sprayfield Effluent (after plant uptake) Nitrate Loading Septic Tanks Septic Tank Locations Legend / \ / : r, L, ,, .. .. 1 0 1 2 Miles TIM 1.F Comparison of Nitrogen Load From Sprayfield with Load from Leon and Wakulla County Septic Tanks 500 450 4 Sprayfield 400 Effluent o 350 C o 300 m Wakulla x County Septic 250 Tanks Z 200 o Leon County C 150 Septic Tanks 100 50 0 Septic Tanks Sprayfield Effluent Comparison of Nitrogen Load from Sprayfield and Septic Tanks in Sprinashed Area 250 200 150 100 50 0 Septic Tanks (after treatment and assuming only 1/3 of total are within Springshed Area) Sprayfield Effluent (after plant uptake) Septic Tanks How To Manage Problem Septic Tank Locations Legend ., , Perhaps limit proliferation - by ordinance - No central water w/o central sewer. 1 0 1 2 Miles tIDw i Questions? Solving Water Pollution Problems in the Wakulla Springshed Hydrogeology Workshop May 12-13, 2005 r- riksps 1 Fa ty i LT7T77 F* rl f~i i~~ rl F' 'u ] ] Af EIJ 7WTIj - I r'. INill lfr40 r1 J J rjF) Wekia dAra C A nd dd p Ci ntpr Vfy, J 7~1I S... ................. arc IlL.U 61 Relative Vulnerability Primary Protection Zone Secondary Protection Zone Tertiary Protection Zone Wekiva Study Area =I Water Features 10 5 0 10 Miles 10 5 0 10 Kilometers Leon County Surfa ce Water Management Activities Theresa B. Heiker, P.E. Stormwater Management Coordinator Leon County Public Works Dept. Cou nty activities involve many agen cies O Tallahassee/Leon Department County Planni 0 Leon County Growth Management and Environmental 0 Leon County Public Works Department * Parks and Recreation * Roadway Operations * Mosquito Control and Stormwater Maintenance * Solid Waste * Engineering Services ng Joint City/County Planning O Comprehensive Plan guides land use and infrastructure O Sector studies of the community to determine site specific management goals O Land use designation and management, such as site-specific zoning and delineating the Urban Services Area 0 Greenway and sensitive land acquisition to protect natural habitat and other features County Growth and Environmental Management o Environmental activity to cor permitti ply with ng of local development standards O Develop ordinances for resource protection county-wide (eg., volume control) O Studies to establish basin-specific stormwater treatment and habitat protection standards (eg., Bradfordville) O Lakes monitoring to document conditions and identify trends O Map environmentally sensitive features O Enforcement of environmental ordinances County Public Works O Parks and Recreation Department Resource management I education E Roadway Operations Shoulder maintenance Linear detention maintenance Vegetation control D Mosquito Control and Stormwater Maintenance Stormwater facility maintenance Natural drainage way monitoring and maintenance Licensed operators engineering Services Stormwater Program Infrastructure design Construction management Development review and coordination D E * Stormwater Program O Utility management D NPDES compliance O TMDL coordination O Capital program development E Operations support E Emergency response and planning Improve data supporting modeling and analysis 0 Improved watershed mapping detail with LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) 0 Real-time rainfall and stream reporting through CAFWr Flood Warning Network) q (Ca level pital gauge Area 0 Countywide water quality and sampling program biological Water Sam Q quality and Habitat pling for NPDES Co mpliance O Monitor inflow existing t efficiency and discharge treatment facilities to quality for determine by facility type O Perform Stream Condition Index for three areas in the Lake Munson system O Quarterly trend O Coliform monitoring characterization at in 12 tributaries 5 locations NEENNEr- Program enhancements O Improve GIS and base map data E Increase knowledge of flowway function and rainfall distribution O Document groundwater response to surface flows USGS Quadrangle - Hydrography MMF- i Leon County GIS Hydrography Capital Area Flood Warning Network Capital Proj rface ects for Water Management D Gum * Public Swamp Restoration health required mosquito control ditching of wetland * Drained swamp was timbered developed * 1980's plan Swamp, at I * Rehydration evolved east wha has cau to "restore" Gum it remained sed tree loss Su and Nor- Lake Henrietta * Baseflow up to 2-year storm (1-inch) will be captured and treated * High flows are directed through AND around the treatment pond * Natural wetlands along slough rehydrated to provide nutrient and peak flow storage are uptake Lake Henrietta Restoration Lake Henrietta and Munson Slough North N 0 I 0.5 0 1 Miles Lake Munson Response In Lake Total Nitrogen mg/L 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 = 2.50 E 2.00 1.50- 1.00 0.50 0.00 00 00o m0 0 0 00 0 0 0 IN (C0 hypereutrophic O O 0 v- i- v- C\J C\ C\J CO CO CO O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 m0 0 0 O0 0 0 O0 0 0 O0 0 0 0 0 0 (c C en 0 N1 (en 0 N1 (en 0 N1 (en 0 N j e( 0 Date . . III I I I irl~ 1 Lake Munson Response Total Phosphorus (N "o LO 0 r- o0 0) 0 t- (0 0 )-o 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) o o o o o (3 (3 3 (3 3 (3 3 (3 3 (3 3 (3 3 -_- In Lake Total Phosphorus mg/L -- Inflow Total Phosphorus mg/L Outflow Total Phosphorus mg/L Date 1.200 1.000 0.800 ' 0.600 0.400 0.200 0.000 Habitat has value to be considered in the cost/benefit analysis O Large regional ponds sacrifice and wetlands O Designing based on relative creeks alternative costs rather than net improvement to habitat due to intangible valu of system O Altered hydroperiod of streams and receiving waters affect habitat AN INTRODUCTION TO STORMWATER AND STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Eric H. Livingston Burea u of Watershed Management Florida Dept. of Env. Protection lahassee, Florida 850/245-8430 eric .Iivingston@dep.state.fl.us http://www.dep.state.fl . us/water/watershed Tal Central Florida Water Budgets Solving Water Pollution Problems in the Hydrogeology Workshop 2005 Tallahassee FL Wakulla Springshed of North Florida Marty Wanielista Stormwater Academy i ormwat er: lf .ed u LM mi4 I- J Solving Water Pollution Problems in the Wakulla Springshed The City of Tallahassee's Efforts to Reduce Stormwater Pollution John Buss, P.E. Hydrogeology Workshop May 12-13, 2005 TENNESSEE STREET PARK AVENUE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY PaENSmAO A Tmccr CIVIC CTR APALACIEE PKWAY Cost $110 million. GAINES STREET 1 Part of City & County i Blue Print 2000 Initiative. Li FLORIDA 0 __ iA&M = S UNIVERS 15 New Ponds or Wetlands j totaling 50 acres. =^ ./ S* Removes approximately S"> 2000 Ibs N /yr I > 600 Ibs P /yr ORANGE AVENUE \, I3 Leon County Surface Water Management Activities Theresa B. Heiker, P.E. Stormwater Management Coordinator Leon County Public Works Dept. NORTHERN 75' TO 500' ABOVE SEA LEVEL (ASL) UPLAND LAKE HIGH bD-S %4y ~1.4 WITH WETLANDS STEEPHEAD RAVINE, SPRING & STREAM DUNE (if 7,.;:.'. SAND DUNE b0 DISAPPEARING MIt STREAM BARRIER ISLANDS SINKHOLE LAKE N CAVE REPRESENTATIVE PLANTS 1. Pines 2. Hardwoode: oak, maple, hickory, magnolia 3. Falme 4. Scrub Oak 5. Saw Palmetto 6. Cypress 7. Grasses: wetlands marshes and dunes SSINKHOLE WITH CAVERNS ASL ABOVE SEA LEVEL TIDAL IARSHES --li PMWI- P; a F - 5r .20M jb -lb icl ~-~418~i ^-* *~4U N ~ICS -4 j e ll r I '. Ij | I" ,-. ' .. r ." . .1 h" ^ ..' .3 '; .3 .. .. t *. . .' . :. I" 4' 4v 4. . ti * . . r .'. 4 .. .. Leon County GIS - Hydrography General o Define the issue: is it water quality at springs or aquatic plant growth o Stormwater perspectives: urban vs. national forest vs. county o Increase ad valorem for NWFWMD o Emphasize that loadings need to be delineated as accurately as possible, and have a good hydrogeological model o TMDLs underway (assimilation capacity of water bodies to minimize water qual. and quant. impacts o First address stormwater entering most vulnerable areas o Continue working with DOT re: stormwater and hydrogeological issues Higher-level iss ues o Nutrient balance issue o Need good hydrogeologic model o Point versus non- point infiltration o Influence of National Forest practices o N-P removal technology o Better understanding of clarity problem o Pre=Post volume balance o Relationship between P and geology (i.e., Hawthorn Group) Higher-level issues o Monitoring o Nutrient balance in sinkhole lakes o Cost-benefit of wetland treatment systems vs. sprayfield o Education Public schools o Education - landowners o Mass balance: How much of a problem is storm water in the big picture? #1 Relative loadings: septic storm water vs. Vs. agriculture/ spray field, etc... #2 Land-use; modify comp plan based on highly vulnerable areas o Evaluate existing data o Need LIDAR in Wakulla Co o Stream to sink study o Complete aquifer vulnerability assessment of natural system o Define highly vulnerable areas o Leon Co/TLH/Wakulla coordination Interlocal agreement o Phased in land use regulations (long term and short term) #2 Land-use; modify comp plan based on highly vulnerable areas o Tie in land L FEMA flood zone remapping ise plan Model vulnerable areas v o Evaluate and programs (i.e with karst, W Code for highly within all springsheds implement existing . ERP, other states dealing kkiva Study) Have all relevant agencies at table (i.e., DOT, DCA, DEP, WMD, etc.) o Accountability and enforcement o Implement into .= #3 Minimize runoff o All land-use regs need to focus on minimizing runoff o Ordinance-development-enforcement targeting post=pre regarding quality and quantity o Implement Source Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) o Revise Master SW Plan Wakulla/Leon/TLH Discourage impervious surfaces o Landowner education o Look at other states dealing with karst issues and how they address runoff o Landowner incentives City of Tallahassee Wastewater Treatment System May 12 13, 2005 " .... : ..: :: : ....: ..: .: .. .`.: ... .`. `...: .: .: r . :: -." ; '.; ;: i ; : '' ::'! : ',:5 2 ? : . : : May 12- 13, 2005 Description of System * Population Served - 170,000+ * Treatment Plants: _______ LBR 4.5 mgd P--A q TPS 27.5 mgd Total = 32 mgd . . . Effluent Discharges: SSWS 1.04 .. ..mgd SSEFtion S- 27.39mgd Total = 28.43 mgd ;::..... ... -. : .. City's Wastewater Treatment System Highly Regulated . FAC 62-610 - Reuse, including land application m FAC 62-600 Wastewater Treatment Facilities . FAC 62-601 m 503 - Wastewater Monitoring Rule Federal Biosolids regulations Myriad others regarding safety, chemicals, stormwater, etc. :.. i: :... ... .... .... Ground Water Standards * Potable Ground Water * Drinking Water Standards Primary Standards Secondary Standards * Total Coliforms < 4/100 mL * Nitrate 10 mg/L (as N) K .I Zone Land Application Ground Water Flow of Discharge 100 ft. I I Monitoring Wells :':..l~j ~ (g ~.: ~ .- .:. .. ..- SEF Mon :itoring We 'lls SEF Monitoring Wells 0 Southeast Monitor %VeU Sitez 0999 Imagery05DOQQ s) 0 ~ 05r QN MIt0 6 O k 4 FIGURE 47 ,. ... ... . I. -....- . .... Levels of Nitrate (as N) in Compliance Wells (Limit 10 mg/1) * SE-2 4.34 SE-52 5.42 * SE-15 1.14 SE-53 5.28 * SE-16 0.05 SE-77 0.53 * SE-17 0.43 SE-78 0.55 * SE-22A 3.77 SE-79 2.8 Nutrient Selected Crops 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 NITROGEN PHOSPHOROUS POTASSIUM D Alfalfa D Sweet Clover O Soybeans o (Coastal l Corn D Cotton Bermuida Ryegrass Grain Sorghum .- :i -" i .. Estimated N Allowable at SEF * Total acres in pivots = 2000+ * 85% in bermuda grass @ 400 lbs. N * 10% in corn @ 210 lbs. N * 5% in other crops @ 150 lbs. N * Total N allowed per year = 737,000 lbs. * Or 2019 lbs/day average * S s' .. Total N Applied at SEF 3000 2500 2000 V. z 500 500 0 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- A pr- Jul- Oct 02 02 02 02 03 03 03 03 04 04 04 04 SEFN Ag.Rate Successes in Re ucing Nitrogen Loads * Stopped applying biosolids in Wakulla County 2001 * Start-up of Class A dryer March 2004 * 85% reduction of total biosolids land applied at airport * 85% Class A product or Class B to landfill * Obtaining more N reduction at TPS effluent |
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