/' UNIVERSITY OF

SFFLORIDA

Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay

WFREC Research Report WF97-2
January, 1997

VARIETY TRIALS OF SEVERAL iWARM-SEASON GRASSES, CLOVER, CORN, AND GRAIN SORGHUM

L. S. Dunayin, H. A. Peacock, and D. W. Gorbet

Marston Science
Library

FEB 1 0 1997

University of Florida

FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
West Florida Research and Education Center
Jay, Florida'

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West Florida

Research' and Education Center

The Jay lleacarch and Education Center (Jay
REC), part oftlhe University of Florida's Institute of
Food and Agricultural Sciences (WrAS), is about 15
miles. south ofJ.y and aloult 1.I miles north of
Mlilton, 3.I1/2 inil.~ we.t or Florida 39 and 3.1/2 miles
east or Florida 197 on Florida 182 in the heart or
Sntln lIn.n County's fanrmlnnd. The Iteseanrch Center
con.istL nrnn office building, a soils Inlmralory. a
ncnlatolohy laboratory, a fornae &rnp laboratory. and
a \eed Science Inboratory along with 24 support
building.'. The Center is located on 640 acres with
about 1f0 acres in pine trees. 40 acres in roads and
building nite. and *100 acres in cultivation. Thel Jny
Ihecnarch and Edlucntion 'was nauthorized in Chapter
2 19)87. Act. or 19.3,. by the State l.egislatlure. ,nil
-1I0 acres ofcut-over tilmberlnnd was purchased front
Fnnridn Pulp and Paper Compnny in 10-17.

Because of the distance between the extreme weat.
crn part of Florida and the Florida Agricultural Ex*
periment Station in Cainesvillo, relatively little was
known about the soils, the fertility requircmentL of
crops. and crop adaptations for the soils and climante
in this part of Florida. Through experimentation con-
ducted from n mobile unit from the North Florida Ex.
periment SLntion at Quincy. the farmers were .alown
som: or the aoricilturnl potential of thia area and
this. very likely, was responsible for the cdmnnnd by
farmers and buainessmen of the four wc.stcrnmnast
Florida counties for a branch station in thli area. The
tirst experimental ploLs were planted in 19-18.

Mission Statement

The overall mission o the Jay Rncearch and
:Education Center ;i the development, thruil:h
research. of technologically sound pronraim. of
mannaycmrnt of our unique soils and climate so that
co.unirceial agriculture clientele can realize maxi.
umInt returns fronm land nild l:labr: and to educate
nl:riculturnI prsodlicerra concerning: tlhe' Inlte recnrch
nlis tdi lhruih:l trclhnology transfer directly annd
indirectly through xItcnsiion personnel. *Toward that
goal research prngrants are in place or :ire Ieing
delcvloped which are directed toward the development
no crop im>n;ageisenct systems that arc cionmiically
and ecnvironmsentnlly tiound alnd result in produhcLs
tllht are nccepl.talle to the agricultlur:il proxlucer nnd
to the consunicr. In addition we assist the Coolaxrn-
irve Elxtnsiun Scrvice. IFASS cnmpus depairtlllcnta.l
and olher rexcnrchl center. with cooperative research,
xtensciour o rr.eanrclh rlindin. and ulndergradlute
anil grndluatd student triiingrig fir the benefit of
'loridn producer., studcintll. and consumer.

Research Goals

1. Incrcn.ee snyhann. cotton, peanut, corn. wlhe:it.
onts, and xrnin onrglihin yiclisda in this area to the
average of thi t prioluccl by our bIest nramcr.i.
2. Find legumsc. that will produce albundantly over a
long time period and be compatible with adaul)ed
pcrcnnini ;gransss.
3, Findl perennial gran.sie tllat ycll more dig;csilile
nrgntaic inntlcr than perennial grac.cs now
available.

Develop weed control prraosl:r for all field and
forage crops that control all weeds. without
signiicnnt dninsge to thle crop lsilng grown.
Find 'ylbcnn cultivars and :litc liir.s thal. exhibit
rcaiatnlatc to Ail or nitlre of lte tlrce nemlatlo(cs
endemic to \Wvst Florida.
Addre.ss. the more f :lllundamental a .pects or the
sciences presented iin research gosli estnumecrated
above.
Research Accomplishments

1. Developed mnagnnneniet systcnms for sclectel
combinations of cillivars or; rn..cs aindl'
legutmcs.
2. Developnedl Imnnanj:centlt practices far LUe warml.
and cool-season annual gra'ses and lcgum.Ellg in
forge produuctiini systems.
3. Developed technology enabling beef cattle opera.
tions to be a part ol the total farming system.
4. Developed a feeding system to produce finished
cattle with carcass quality acceptable to the
conasumr.
5. Developed weed management progrTnims that
integrate cultural practices with chemical treat
mcnLs for acceptable level of weed control.
G. Developed cost effective weed control .strntcies
for each of he several iceld and forage crop.i in
this area.
7. Detnnined that G0-70% of fields in Santa Rosa
county are deficient in sulfur.
8. Determined the boron requirement of peanuLt to
be 1/2.3/I pound II per acre per year.
D. Have found mnny soybean breeding genotypes
and cultivars resistant to the southern root-knot
.nernnode.
10. lave (uund several oylbcnn breeding lines with
combined resiatalncc to nIemnLatdes.
I1. Identified the nimot productive lines, trains. and
cultivars n(cotton, peanut, soybean,. corn. isnall
grain, and grain aorrghsum developed by breeders
in the U. S. on a yearly basis.
12. Helped develop a cotton production Iprogram for
Florida.

Research Program Areas

X Forage nianagexmcnt nnd production utilizing
summer ndl winter annual and perennial grasses
and legIs ca.
X Weed control in augrnoinic crop.i ulilizing imost
cost effcctive menena to control teeds at a non
yicld-reducJing level.
X Nemlntodle innngl: cniecit through non-chelnical
nmclu .ofhost.iplanit resist.lace or crnpping
schclnica that n:liiL'tin nrmlatode inpiolationls
below damntint'l level..
M Multiple cropping systyemsL o for sustainnlec
agriculture and scnrch for alternative crops.

Jay, WFREC Research Report WF97-2

Variety Trials of Several Warm-Season Grasses, Clover, Corn, and Grain Sorghum

L. S. Dunavin, H. A. Peacock, and D. W. Gorbett

Conversion factors are given in Table 1 for the use of those who would like to
convert to metric units. Climatological data are presented in Table 2.

Warm-Season Perennial Grasses.
Twelve grasses were included in this trial in 1996. The bahiagrasses, rhodes-
grass, and Suerte atrapaspalum were planted on 22 April 92, and rooted plants
of all others except Tifton 85 and Coastal bermudagrass were set on 23 April
92. Tifton 85 was set on 14 April 93 and Coastal was set on 18 April 94. The
trial was located on an Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult). An applica-
tion of 400 pounds per acre of an 8-24-24 fertilizer was made on 13 March 96.
Ammonium nitrate was applied to supply 50 pounds per acre N on 15 May, 13
June, 11 July, 7 Aug., and 10 Sept. 96. Gypsum was applied at 125 pounds per
acre on 26 April 96. Harvests were obtained on 14 May, 11 June, 10 July, 7
Aug., 6 Sept., and 4 Oct. 96. Yields of dry matter are given in Table 3. The
cold temperatures in the first week of February, 1996 severely damaged Callide
rhodesgrass and Suerte atra paspalum. Whether the damage and succeeding poor
yield of limpograss was due to the cold or to numerous harvests in 1995 or a
combination of the two or something else is not known at this time.

Gamagrass.
Observations were made on three ecotypes and a cultivar of Eastern gamagrass.
These observations were made on single plants (replicated 4 times) set on
four-foot centers. The plants were set on 29 March 93. They had developed
into relatively large plants. The ecotypes were from Alabama, Tennessee, and
Florida (Ona-2). The cultivar was 'Pete' which was released in 1988 by the
USDA-SCS in cooperation with the Kansas and Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment
Stations and the USDA-ARS. The plants were located on an Orangeburg sandy loam
soil (Typic Paleudult). An application of 400 pounds per acre of an 8-24-24
fertilizer was made on 24 May 96. Ammonium nitrate was applied at 100 pounds
per acre on 3 July and 7 Aug. 96. Harvests were obtained on 22 May, 1 July,
29 July, and 20 Sept. 96. The-Ala. entry had significantly higher season
yields than Pete and Tenn. Data are presented in Table 4.

Russell bermudagrass.
Observations were made in 1996 in a trial containing Russell bermudagrass and
Tifton 85 bermudagrass which were set in 1995 and Florakirk bermudagrass which
was set in 1996 and Carostan flaccidgrass and Red River crabgrass which were
planted 22 Apr. at 10 pounds of seed per acre. Also included in the trial was
an entry of volunteer grasses which was to a large extent broadleaf signal-
grass. Russell and Tifton 85 were set on 16 May 95 and Florakirk was set on
4 April 96. An application of 400 pounds per acre of an 8-24-24 fertilizer
was made on 26 April 96 along with 125 pounds per acre of gypsum. Ammonium
nitrate was applied at 200 pounds per acre on 13 June 96 and at 100 pounds per

tAssociate Professor, Professor and Center Director, WFREC, Jay, respectively,
and Professor, NFREC, Marianna.

- 2 -

January, 1997

acre on 3 July, 7 Aug., and 3 Sept. 96. Harvests were obtained on 4 June
(Russell and Tifton 85 only), 2 July (all except Carostan), 2 Aug., 26 Aug.,
and 24 Sept. 96. Data are presented in Table 5 and show the higher yielding
ability of Tifton 85 with Russell being better than the rest in 1996.

Suerte atra paspalum Carostan flaccidgrass and Red River crabgrass.
A trial was started in 1996 with the original intention of a fertility study on
Suerte atra paspalum, Carostan flaccidgrass, and Red River crabgrass. Stands
were not good enough to proceed as a fertility trial; however, the trial was
continued as a variety trial utilizing the averages of all plots of each
species in a particular replication. Plots were planted on 24 April 96 at
10 pounds of seed per acre on an Orangeburg sandy loam soil. Fertilizer
included 300 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 in April and 200 pounds per acre of
ammonium nitrate on 7 Aug. 96. More nitrogen should have been applied earlier,
but the future of the trial remained in doubt because of poor stands until I
decided to harvest it in August. Harvests were made on 5 Aug. and 11 Sept. 96.
On 5 Aug., Carostan was in early bloom and Red River was in full bloom. Data
for yield are given in Table 6.

Clover (Summer Residual Yields).
Data are reported in Jay, WFREC Res. Rept. WF96-5 Table 5 for 8 clovers during
the 1995-1996 season. A statement was made in the narrative section of that
report that additional harvests would be included in a later report. An
additional harvest was made on 16 July 96 and was certainly a warm-season
harvest. Only two of the clovers produced at this time. The yields were:
Cherokee red clover, 1100 pounds per acre of dry matter and Yuchi arrowleaf
clover, 310 pounds per acre of dry matter.

Temperate corn;
Cultivars of 23 corn hybrids were planted in a replicated trial in 1996 on an
Orangeburg fine sandy loam to determine yield, ear quality, and lodging. All
hybrids were planted 4 April at a seeding rate of 2 seeds per foot of row in
rows 3 feet apart. A preplant application of 600 lbs/A 3-9-18 was disked into
the soil and 300 lbs/A ammonium nitrate was applied as a topdressing 8 May.
Other normal farming practices were applied to the experimental area.

May was extremely dry (0.64 inches rainfall) and rainfall in June was only a
little more than one-half the 48-year average, Even so, 3 entries yielded more
than 100 bushels of grain per acre (Table 7). Agra Tech 888 was highest yield-
ing with 118 bu/A grain.

Two-, three-, and four-year average yields of corn hybrids grown at WFREC, Jay
are presented in Table 8. The highest yielding hybrid averaged over two years
was Agra Tech 888; over three years was Agra Tech 888; and over four years was
Northrup King N8811.

Grain Sorghum Jay:
Cultivars of 41 grain sorghum hybrids were planted in a replicated trial in 1996
on an Orangeburg fine sandy loam to determine yield, heading date, head type,
disease reaction, lodging, height, and bird depredation. All hybrids were
planted 4 April at a seeding rate of 10 seed per foot of row (8-12 lbs. seed/A
depending on seed size) in rows 3 feet apart. A preplant application of 500 Ibs/A
3-9-18 was disked into the soil and 200 lbs/A ammonium nitrate was applied as a

- 3-

topdressing on 8 May. A preemergence application of 1 lb. atrazine and 4 Ibs.
propachlor/A controlled weedy grasses and broadleaves except morningglory.
Grain was harvested 30 July and dried to 12% moisture before weighing. Pre-
cipitation at WFREC, Jay is shown in Table 9.

Yields were good for most hybrids with a test average of 8,253 Ibs/A grain
(Table 10). The lowest yield in the test was 4,598 Ibs/A grain. Rainfall
was 20.78" from 4 April through 30 July. The 48-year average for the same
time period at WFREC, Jay is 24.70". On average, in 1996, grain sorghum
hybrids yielded 49 bu/A more than average corn grain-yield.

There was no lodging or bird depredation in 1996. Leaf diseases were less
severe than in recent years (primarily Anthracnose, Colletotrichum graminicola).
There also was no preharvest seed sprouting.

Data on yield and other agronomic characteristics are presented in Table 10.
The highest yielding hybrid in the test was HyPerformer AP9850 followed closely
by Northrup King Savanna 5. Twenty-two of the 41 grain sorghum hybrids produced
more than 140 bu/A grain (8,325 Ibs/A).

Two-, three-, four-, and five-year average yields of hybrids grown at WFREC,
Jay are presented in Table 11. The highest yielding hybrid averaged over two
years was Northrup King Savanna 5 followed by HyPerformer HSC Wings and My-
cogen 444E; over three years was Triumph Two 80D; over four years was Triumph
Two 80D; and over five years was DeKalb DK-54.

Grain Sorghum Marianna:
Two plantings of grain sorghum were made at NFREC, Marianna in 1996 on Chipola
loamy sand. The early planting of 41 hybrids was made 18 April. The late plant-
ing of the same 41 hybrids was made 10 July. The April planting was irrigated 8
times for a total of 5.7" water and the July planting was irrigated 6 times for
a total of 4.4". Data on yield and other agronomic characteristics from the
April planting are presented in Table 12. The highest yielding hybrid was
DeKalb DK-54 with 7,248 lbs/A grain followed by Northrup King KS-936 with 6,964
lbs/A grain. The mean yield of the test was 5,477 lbs/A grain.

Data on yield and other agronomic characteristics of the July planting are pre-
sented in Table 13. The highest yielding hybrid was DeKalb DK-54 followed by
Northrup King KS-936. The mean yield of the test was 1,641 lbs/A grain.

Data from the April plantings at NFREC, Marianna and WFREC, Jay and the 2-loca-
tion average yields are presented in Table 14. The highest yielding hybrid from
the average of the two locations was Northrup King Savanna 5 followed by DeKalb
DK-54 and HyPerformer HSC Wings. The overall mean yield for the two test loca-
tions was 6,865 Ibs/A grain.

Table 15 lists the sources of seed for the 1995 grain sorghum tests grown at
WFREC, Jay and NFREC, Marianna.

-4-

Table 1. Conversion factors from English to metric units.

English Unit 'Factor Metric Unit
pounds per acre multiply by 1.12 kilograms per hectare
pounds per acre multiply by 0.00112 metric tons per hectare
tons (English) multiply by 0.9072 tons (metric)
tons (English) per acre multiply by 2.24 tons (metric) per hectare
inches multiply by 2.54 centimeters
yards multiply by 0.914 meters
miles multiply by 1.609 kilometers
acres multiply by 0.405 hectares
o Fahrenheit 0.556 .("F- 32) :: 0. Celsius

Table 2. Climatological data for

Precipitation

inches

Month 1996 48-year Avg.

January 5.67 5.41

February 4.72 5.08

March 10.62 6.58

April 8.92 4.89

May 0.64 4.41

June 4.36 7.34

July 6.87 8.03

August 9.29 6.59

September 5.24 6.23

October 1.30 3.74

November 2.67 4.17

December 5.13 5.03

Total orAve.65.43 67..50

the'West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay. 1996.

Temperature Average Daily Solar Radiation-

OF Watts per square meter

Avg. Max. Avg. Min. 1996 10-year Avg.

60.6 35.6 3120 2392

65.2 40.3 3910 3258

65.9 43.3 4480 4190

74.1 50.4 5234 5398

87.9 62.4 6399 5477

89.9 68.2 5798 5355

92.0 71.3 5413 5227

90.9 70.0 5399 5201

86.9 65.2 4338 4566

78.7 54.2 3858 4097

70.9 45.9 3449 3213

65.5 41.3 2816 2533

77.4 54.0 4518 4242

tThe solar radiometer was out

in December.

of operation during 1 day in Aug., 4 days in Oct., and 4 days

- 5 -

Y

Table 3. Warm-season Perennial Grasses, WFREC, Jay. 1996.

Dry Matter

Pounds per acret

Entry

Tifton 18 bahiagrass

Tifton 9 bahiagrass

Coastal bermudagrass

Tifton 85 bermudagrass

Argentine bahiagrass'

Florakirk bermudagrass

Pensacola bahiagrass

Suerte atra paspalum

Tifton 78 bermudagrass

Floralta limpograss

Callide rhodesgrass

"Seedling 5" limpograss

LSD (t .05)

tPounds per acre X 1.12

14 May 11 June 10 July 7 Aug. 6 Sept.

1000 1770 2910 2100 2700

1050 1880 2650 1980 2230

1330 880 3090 1790 1400

740 990 2660 1820 1790

150 870 2620 2310 2380

1080 -820 2930 1670 1280

420 1450 2220 1380 1860

90 350 1500 1650 1460

1330 650 1390 460 390

60 230 1430 400 20

10 10 100 570 620

10 40 40 20 10

240 240 760 440 590

4 Oct. Total

1430 11,910

1340 11,130

930 9,420

1150 9,150

680 9,010

1120 8,900

700 8,030

670 5,720

410 4,630

20 2,160

480 1,790

0 120

480 1,840

= kilograms per hectare.

SOIL:

FERTILIZER:

Orangeburg

400 pounds

sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).

per acre of 8-24-24 on 13 March

96 and 50 pounds per

acre of N after each harvest except the last.

- 6 -

Table 4. Gamagrass Observation. WFREC, Jay. 1996.

Dry Matter

Entry'

Ala.

SPounds-per acret

22 May 1 July 29 July 20 Sept. Total

3970 3060 1290 3590 11,910

Ona-2 3510 1770 1690 2600 9,570

Pete 3230 1060 1660 2510 8,460

Tenn. 2130 1360 1650 2450 7,590

LSD (t .05)- N.S. 1180'. N.S. N.S. 3,070

tPounds per acre X 1.12 =-kilograms per hectare.

PLANTED: Plants were set on 29 March 1993.

SOIL: Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).

FERTILIZER: 400 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 on 24 May

96 and 100 pounds per acre of ammonium

nitrate on 3 July and 7 Aug. 1996.

- 7 -

Table 5. Russell Bermudagrass and Other Grasses. WFREC, Jay. 1996.

Dry Matter

Pounds per acret

Entry 4 June 2 July 2 Au. 26 Aug. 24 Sept. Total

Tifton 85 bermudagrass

2490

3740 3640

1010 3250 14,130

Ru

Vo

Fl

Ca

Re

LS

tP

#C.

SO:

PL

ssell bermudagrass 2070 3310 3110 540 2360 11,390

lunteer --- 4280 2470 290 2200 9,240

orakirk bermudagrass ---- 3230 2810 450 2380 8,870

rostan flaccidgrass --- --- -3370 330 1130 4,830

d River crabgrass --- 1020 100 170 1520 2,810

D (t .05) ---- 480* 1100 170 600 370

pounds per acre X 1.12 = kilograms per hectare.

calculated as if there were only 5 entries on 2 July.

IL: Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).

ANTED: Russell and Tifton 85 were set on 16 May 95. Florakirk

FERTILIZER:

was set on 4 Apr. 96. Carostan and Red River were

planted on 22 Apr. 96.

400 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 on 26 April 96 along

with 125 pounds per acre of gypsum. Ammonium nitrate at

200 pounds per acre on 13 June 96 and at 100 pounds per

acre on 3 July, 7 Aug., and 3 Sept. 96.

- 8 -

)

)

Table 6. Suerte atra paspalum Carostan flaccidgrass- Red River crabgrass.

WFREC, Jay. 1996.

Dry Matter

Pounds per acret.

Entry 5 Aug. 11 Sept. Total

Suerte atra paspalum 2860 2810 5670

Carostan flaccidgrass 2940 2030 4970

Red River crabgrass 1320 1530 2850

LSD (t .05) 740 750 840

tPounds per acre X 1.12 = kilograms per hectare.

PLANTED: April 24, 1996.

SOIL: Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).

FERTILIZER: 300 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 on 26 April 96 and 200 pounds

per acre of ammonium nitrate on 7 Aug. 96.

-9-

Table 7. Temperate Corn Variety Test 1996
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay

Entry
Pioneer 3085
Pioneer 3146
Pioneer 3154
Pioneer 3163
Pioneer 3167

Pioneer
Pioneer
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill

3223
3245
8328
8527A
X9513

DeKalb DK683
DeKalb DK687
DeKalb DK706
DeKalb DK714F4
HyPerformer 9843

HyPerformer 9919
HyPerformer 9977
Northrup King N7931
Northrup King N8811
Northrup King X8655

McNair 508
Agra Tech AT888
Agra Tech AT1177

Lbs/
plot
13.1
12.8
14.0
12.6
12.9

14.2
15.2
14.9
13.6
14.0

13.8
15.1
13.9
15.5
15.6

13.6
15.2
13.4
14.8
16.8

16.5
19.5
17.6

Ear Ear No. Total Good
Bu/A quality-/ height plants2/ ears ears
79.3 2.8 30 34 40 33
77.4 3.2 34 39 46 38
84.7 3.2 31 38 43 34
76.2 3.5 26 36 37 27
78.0 3.2 24 37 39 31

85.9
92.0
90.1
82.3
84.7

88.5
91.4
84.1
93.8
94.4

82.3
92.0
81.1
89.5
101.6

99.8
118.0
106.5

3.0
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.0

2.8
3.2
3.0
3.2
2.8

3.5
3.2
3.8
3.5
3.2

2.8
3.0
3.8

Wt/
ear3/
0.397
0.337
0.412
0.467
0.416

0.374
0.411
0.414
0.358
0.378

0.394
0.387
0.376
0.419
0.390

0.378
0.422
0.383
0.448
0.467

0.359
0.500
04-87

Ears/ Erect
plant/ plants kg/ha
1.18 30 5326
1.18 36 5204
1.13 31 5692
1.03 31 5123
1.05 32 5243

1.12
1.23
1.19
1.16
1.10

1.12
1.15
1.03
1.22
1.16

1.05
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.18

1.31
1.19
1 -11

5773
6180
6058
5529
5692

5611
6139
5651
6302
6342

5529
6180
5448
6017
6830

6708
7928
71 C;

Mean 14.7 89.0 3.2 30 37 42 36 0.408 1.14 34 5976
LSD05 N.S. N.S. N.S. -- -- NS NS --- ---- -- N.S.
LSD01 N.S. N.S. N.S. -- -- NS NS --- ---- -- N.S.
CV % 19.9 19.9 21.3 -- -- 14.0 19.3----- ---- 19.9

-4,Rating based on 1 = excellent to 5 = poor.

/Number of plants per plot of 2 rows. Perfect
3/Weight in lbs. per good ear.
A/Total ears per plant.

Planted 4 April into an Orangeburg fine sandy
plant and 300 lbs/A ammonium nitrate 8 May.

stand = 42.0.

loam soil fertilized with 600 lbs/A 3-9-18 pre-

- 10 -

Table 8. Temperate Corn Variety Test 1996 With Multiple Year Averages.
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay

Entry
Pioneer 3085
Pioneer 3146
Pioneer 3154
Pioneer 3163
Pioneer 3167

Pioneer
Pioneer
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill

3223
3245
8328
8527A
X9513

DeKalb DK683
DeKalb DK687
DeKalb DK706
DeKalb DK714F4
HyPerformer 9843

HyPerformer 9919
HyPerformer 9977
Northrup King N7931
Northrup King N8811
Northrup King X8655

McNair 508
Agra Tech AT888
Agra Tech AT1177

1993
20.9
17.8
22.7
16.6
16.6

17.5

17.5

23.0

32.1
15.7
18.8

1994
154
143
140
131
145

127

130

150

139

1995
80
69
83
70
67

83
77

70

69

104
87
85

1996
79
77
85
76
78

86
92
90
82
85

88
91
84
94
94

1995-
1996
80
73
84
73
72

84
84
m--
76

78

94
90
90

82
92
81
90
102

161

140
136
130

Ave. Yield
1994- 1993-
1996 1996
104 84
96 77
103 83
92 73
97 77

99 78

94 75

102

107

N---
N----

109

103
110
105

Mean 19.9 140 78 89 -- --- --
LSD05 --- --- NS -
LSD01 -- -- NS -- --- --
CV % 20 9 17 20 -- ---

- 11 -

Table 9. West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay

1996 Precipitation in Inches

Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Jan.
1.19
1.19
0.11
0
0
0.19
0.20
0
0
0
0
0.26
0
0
0
0
0
0.01
0.62
0
0
0
0
0.67
0
0
1.23
0
0
0
0

Feb.
0
1.00
1.71
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.
0
0
0
0
0
0.26
0
0
0
0.76
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0'.99
- -
- -

Mar.
0.85
0
0
0
0
0.05
0.51
0.40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.20
0.66
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.02
0.35
1.20
0.08
0
4.30

Monthly
Total 5.67 4.72 10.62 8.92 0.64 4.35 6.87 9.29 5.24 1.30 2.67 5.13

48-yr.
Ave. 5.43 5.06 6.58 4.89 4.43 7.34 8.04 6.58 6.24 3.74 4.17 5.02

1996 total rainfall---------------------- ---------65.42"
1995 total rainfall---------------------------------87.17"
48-year average total rainfall------------------------67.50"

-- 12--

Apr. May
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.39 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
5.23 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.09 0
0 0.
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.34 0.03
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0.60
2.87 0.01
0

June 'July Aug.
0 0 0.15
0 0 0.59
0 0 '0
0.07 0 0.58
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 2.11
0.25 1.91 0
1.00 0.87 0.02
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 1.31
0 0 0.07
0.20 0 0
0 1.70 0
0.40 0.83 0
0. 0 0
0 0.13 0
0.81 0 0
0 0 0
0.37 0 0
0 0 0
0.75 0.15 0
0 0 0
0 0.82 0
0 0.46 0
0.50 0 0.63
0 0 0
0 0 0.60
0 0 2.12
0 1.11

Sept.
0
0
0
0.89
0
0.36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.45
1.15
0.44
0
0
0
0.44
0
0
0
0
0.10
1.06
0.35
0
-

Oct. Nov.
0.23 0
0.02 0.15
0.13 0
0 0
0 0
0.10 0
0.57 0
0.12 0.33
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0.02
0 0
0 0.69
0 0
0.12 0
0 0
0 1.44
0 0.04
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.01 -

Dec.
2.19
0
0
0
0
0.02
0.93
0
0
0
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0.31
0.04
0.32
0
0
0
0
0
1.03
0
8.03
0
0
0.16
0

Table 10. Crain Sorghum Variety Test 1996 Yield and Other Characteristics
West Florida Research and Education Center
Jay, Florida

Brand Hybrid
Northrup King KS-735
Northrup King KS-936
Northrup King KS-714Y
Northrup King X-604
Northrup King 2656

Northrup King 2660
Northrup King 2224
Northrup King Savanna 5
Hyperformer Cherokee
Hyperformer IIY-2660

Yield

lbs/A bu/A kg/ha
7986 133 8944
8954 149. 10028
7260 121 8131
8325 140 9324
7986 133 8944

8944
7155
11113
9649
7860

Height
inches
54
54
57
56
51

57
52
60
55
54

Disease Head
rating/ type/
1.0 0
1.0 C
1.0' 0
1.0 0
2.0 0

Hyperformer
Hyperformer
Hyperformer
Triumph
Triumph

Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill

Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen

1225DR
AP9850
HSC Wings
TR65G
TR82G

TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39Y

861:
1001
8471
8954
8809

871
8809
8615
8470
4598

DK-56 9196
DK-42y 6679
DK-40y 7260
DK-58 9196
DK-64 8470

DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837

775Y
730
647
X-12027
444E

Mycogen 466
Mycogen 477W
Mycogen ORO-Amigo
Agra Tech 7920
Agra Tech GK-802G
Agra Tech 805WC

Mean
LSD
LSDO5
CV %

8131
9196
9099
7260
8809

7744
8131
7744
7841
9438

7260
8809
8615
7986
8131
8809

5 14.
67 16,
0 14
4 149
9 14

2 145
147
144
141
77

153
S111
121
153
141

135
153
152
121
147

129
136
129
131
157

121
147
144
133
135
147

8253 '138
1575 26
2082 35
14 1.4

4 9649
8 11275
1 9486
9 10028
7 9866

S9757
9866
9649
9486
5150

10300
7481
8131
10300
9486

9107
,10300
10191
8131
9866

8673
9107
8673
8782
10571

8131
9866
9649
8944
9107
'.9866

1.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.0

1.0
1.0
1.5
0.5
2.5

1.0
1.5
1.0
1.0
2.0

2.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.5

2.0
1.5
3.0
2.5
2.0

3.0
2.5
3.0
1.0
1.0
2.' 5

1.6

'9243
1764
2.332
4

SO 06/28
C 06/28
SO 06/28
SC 06/28
C 07/01

0 06/27
C 06/28
SO 06/27
SO 06/26
0 06/24

0 06/28
SO 06/25
0 06/24
0 06/28
SO 06/24

SO 06/24
SO 06/28
0 07/02
SO 06/28
SC 06/23

SO 06/24
SC 06/27
C 06/25
0 06/24
SO 06/25

SC 06/24
SO 06/24
SC 06/24
SO 06/24
SC 06/26
SO 06/24

I/Disease rating at harye.s based on 1 a 10% pof e.af' area afe.cted to 0 =
dead plants (.primarily- Anthc.:c'se).
2/C compact; 0 = open; SC = semi-compact; SO'. scmAlopen.

Planted 04 April 3,996 into an Orpngeburg sandy loi.Im. Fcrtililzed-wi-th 500
lbs/A .3.-9-18 : qnd 20Q Jbs./A ammon.umn:rn.la ;.. ;AUpvested 30 July. There, was
no bird dcpredation, lodging, or pre hA.ry.sit-.sed' sprouting. Hleqds were
dried to 12% moisture and weighed for y*-cld.

- 13 -

leading
date
07/01
07/01
06/26
07/01
06/28

06/28
06/25
06/28
07/01
06/28

-----

Table 11. Grain Sorghum Test 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996 and Average YieldI/
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay

Brand
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King

Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer

HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph

Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill

Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen

Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech

Agra Tech

Hybrid
KS-735
KS-936
KS-714Y
X-604
2656

2660
2224
Savanna 5
Cherokee
HY-2660

1225DR
AP9850
HSC Wings
TR65G
TR82G

TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39y

DK-56
DK-42y
DK-40y
DK-58
DK-64

DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837

775y
730
647
X-12027
444E

466W
477W
ORO-Amigo
792G
GK-802G

805WG

Mean
LSD05
LSD01
CV %

1991 1992

7620

8710

9200
8590

8230
8590

9680
8230

8830

10530

8830

7020

8710

6000

6100

6290
6200

6780
6200

6200
6460
5030

5900

8080

5710

5520

5810

6200

1993 1.994
---- 6195

---- 6292

5810

8131
7351

1996
7986
8954
7260
8325
7986

7986
6413
9922
8615
7018

6780 5808 8615
--- ---- 10067

7740
6290

8710
6780

6780
5810
5810

7740

7260

8710

7260

7260

7740

8131
.7018
6873

5324
7018
6195
5808
5227

4743
5421
5227
.6389
6292

6050
5227
4695

6292

6776

4840
5566

5905
6050

8470
8954
8809

8712
8809
8615
8470
4598

91.96
6679
7260
9196
8470

8131
9196
9099
7260
8809

7744
8131
7744
7841
9438

7260
8809
8615
7986
8131

1994- 1993- 1992- 1991-
1996 1996 1996 1996
7090 --- ---

6776 ---
6776 ---- ---- --
---- ---- ----
---- ---- ----

9026
7983

7212

8300
7986
7841

7018
7914
7405
7139
4912

6970
6050
6244
7792
7381

7090
7212
6897

7550

8107

6050
7188

6946
7090

7260 6200 6780 5324 8809 7066

8410 6020
1.660 1590

14 19

6980
1340

14

6244 8253
1162 1575
---- 2082
13 14

7248

7259

7068

8114
7421

8179
7197

6906
5970
6099

7501

7228

7937

7825

7212

7307

6944

6826

7658
7116

7829
6948

6730
6092
5832

7100

7441

7380

7079

7203

7966
7410

7909
7276

7320
6520

7446

8059

7670

7248 ---

6861

7030

6893

7366

6971 6778 6875

7159

6874 7181

- 14 -

1/All yields in lbs/A. No yield data were collected in 1995. Hurricane damaged test
and no harvest was made.

11____1__

Table 12. Grain Sorghum Variety Test 1996 Yield and Other Characteristics
North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna

Early Planting

Brand Hybrid
Northrup King KS-735

Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King

Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer

HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph

Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill

Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen

Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech

KS-936
KS-714Y
X-604
2656

2660
2224
Savanna 5
HY-2660
1225DR

AP9850
HSC Wings
Cherokee
TR65G
TR82C

TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39y

DK-56
DK-42y
DK-40y
DK-58
DK-64

DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837

775y
730
647
X-12027
444E

466w
477W
ORO-Amigo
792G
GK-802G

Mid-
Height Disease Head Grain bloom
Ihs/A bu/A kg/ha inches rating/ Lodging/ type/ color/ dys
5227 87.1 5854 52 3.2 1.3 SO R 68
6964 116.1 7800 63 2.5 1.7 SO R+ 70
5009 83.5 5610 49 6.8 1.5 SO w 64
6461 107.7 7236 58 2.5 1.5 SO-0 R 68
4404 73.4 4932 46 7.2 1.5 SO R 66

5663
4761
6722.
5294
5251

6008
6165
5639
5627
6098

4925
6117
5372
5015
3799

5627
3926
4852
621.9
5911

5251
7248
5917
4060
6098

4090
6407
5403
4973
6110

4628
5028
6189
5239
5657

94.4
79.4
112.0
88.2
87.5

100.1 6729
102.8 6905
94.0 6316
93.8 6302
101.6 6830

82.1 5516
102.0 6851
89.5 6017
83.6 5617
63.3 4255

93.8 6302
65.4 4397
80.9 5434
103.6 6965
98.5 6620

87.5 5881
120.8 8118
98.6 6627
67.7 4547
101.6 6830

68.2
1.06.8
90.0
32.9
101.8

77.1 5183
83.8 5631
103.2 6932
87.3 5868
94.3 6336

5.7
3.2
2.5
5.7
6.7

3.5
3.5
4.8
5.8
3.0

5.5
3.3
5.7
6.5
6.7

3.0
5.7
7.2
4.2
5.8

7.2
3.0
3.8
5.8
6.2.

5.3
4.7
8.3
6.7
6.8

55
52
56
53
52

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.8

1.7
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.5

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8

1.8
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.8

1.5
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.5

1.7
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5

SO
SO
SC
SC
SO

SC
SC
SC
SC
SC

SO-0
SO
SO
SO
0

SO-0
SO
SO-O
SO-0
SO

SO
SO
SO-O
SO
SO

SO
SO
SC
SO
SO

SO
SO
SC
SO-0
SO

Agra Tech 805 WG 5185 86.4 5807 52 5,5 1.5 SO W b3

Mean 5477 91.3 6134 54 5.2 1.6 -- 67

1/Disease rating (primarily Anthracnose) just prior to harvest (1-10): 1 = no disease;
10 = plant dead from disease.
2/Lodging (1-5): 5 = all plants down; 1 = all plants erect.
i/Head shape: VO = very open; 0 = open; SO = semi-open; SC = semi-compact; C = compact.
T/Grain color: R = red; Br = brown; RBr = reddish brown; YE = yellow; W = white.

PLANTED:
PLOT SIZE:
FIELD LAYOUT:
FERTILIZER:

HERBICIDE:
INSECTICIDE:
IRRIGATION:
SOIL:
HARVEST:

April 18, 1996.
1-row plots, 20' long and 36" apart.
RCB, 3 reps.
400 lbs/A (18-9-18) ppi; 350 lbs/A (13-13-13) 04/25/96; 200 Ibs/A of
ammonium nitrate (05/21/96).
Atrazine (1 qt./A) on 05/02/96.
None.
8 times (5.7" total).
Chipola Is.
July 30, 1996.

- 15 -

Table 13. Grain Sorghum Variety Test 1996 Yield and Other Characteristics
North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna

Late Planting

Brand
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King

Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer

HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph

Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill

Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen

Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech

Mid-
Height Disease Head Grain bloom
Hybrid lbs/A bu/A kg/ha inches rating/ Lodging2/ type/ colorA/ days
KS-735 1646 27.4 1844 44 8.3 1.7 SO R 57
KS-936 2843 47.4 3184 56 3.2 1.7 SC R 64
KS-714Y 1373 22.9 1538 44 9.3 1.8 SO W 55
X-604 1984 33.1 2222 53 5.5 1.8 SO R 59
2656 1053 17.6 1179 40 9.5 2.2 SO R 56

2660 1470
2224 2117
Savanna 5 2487
HY-2660 1349
1225DR 1234

AP9850 2039
HSC Wings 2051
Cherokee 1095
TR65G 1730
TR82G 2468

TR481 1301
Two 80D 2142
M565 938
X-166 1597
DK-39y 835

DK-56 1797
DK-42y 992
DK-40y 1373
DK-58 1331
DK-64 2674

DK-51 1531
DK-54 2886
DK-55 1676
DK-44 1664
837 1748

775y 1942
730 1428
647 1041
X-12027 1748
444E 1398

466w 1410
477W 1301
ORO-Amigo 1500
792G 1004
GK-802 G 1010

24.5
35.3
41.4
22.5
20.6

34.0
34.2
18.2
28.8
41.1

21.7
35.7
15.6
26.6
13.9

30.0
16.5
22.9
22.2
44.6

25.5
48.1
27.9
27.7
29.1

32.4
23.8
17.4
29.1
23.3

23.5
21.7
25.0
16.7
16.8

.1646
2371
2785
1511
1382

2284
2297
1226
1938
2764

1457
2399
1051
1789
935

2013
1111
1538
1491
2995

1715
3232
1877
1864
1958

2175
1599
1166
1958
1566

1579
1457
1680
1124
1131

9.8
4.2
5.3
9.8
10.0

7.7
8.2
9.3
9.2
5.8

9.0
6.5
7.2
7.8
7.7

5.5
6.8
8.7
7.3
6.5

9.5
5.8
7.3
8.5
8.8

8.5
9.3
9.8
8.7
9.0

8.0
8.3
8.3
8.7
9.2

SO
SC
SC
SO
SO

SC

SO
SC
SC

so
SO

so
SO
O

SO-0
SO
SO
SO

SO
SO
SO
SO
SO

SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
So

SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
So
SO
SO

So

SO

R
R
RBr
R
R

R
R
R
R
R

R
R
R
R
Ye

R
WYe
WYe
R
R

R
R
R
R
R

W
R
R
R
R

W
W
R
R
R

Agra Tech 805 WG 2093 34.9 2344

47 7.8 1.7 SO R 55

Mean 1641 27.4 1838 45 7.9 1.8 -- 59

I/Disease rating (primarily Anthracnose) just prior to harvest (1-10): 1 = no disease;
10 = plant dead from disease.
2/Lodging (1-5): 5 = all plants down; 1 = all plants erect.
Head shape: VO = very open; 0 = open; SO = semi-open; SC = semi-compact; C = compact.
A/Grain color: R = red; Br = brown; RBr = reddish brown; Ye = yellow; W = white.

PLANTED:
PLOT SIZE:
FIELD LAYOUT:
FERTILIZER:

HERBICIDE:
INSECTICIDE:
IRRIGATION:
SOIL:
HARVEST:

July 10, 1996.
1-row plots, 20' long and36' apart.
RCB, 3 reps.
400 lbs/A (18-9-18) (07/12/96); 300 lbs/A (13-13-13) (07/30/96), 250 Ibs/A
(08/14/96).
Atrazine (1 qt./A) (07/20/96).
Sevin, Lorsban, Lannate.
6 times (4.4" total).
Chiploa Is.
October 30, 1996.

- 16 -

Table 14. Grain Sorghum Variety Test 1996. Individual Location and Average Yield.

lbs/A

Brand
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King

Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer

HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph

Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb

DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill

Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen

Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech

Agra Tech

Hybrid
KS-735
KS-936
KS-714Y
X-604
2656

2660
2224
Savanna 5
HY-2660
1225DR

AP9850
HSC Wings
Cherokee
TR65G
TR82G

TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39y

DK-56
DK-42y
DK-40y
DK-58
DK-64

DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837

Marianna
5227
6964
5009
6461
4404

5663
4761
6722
5294
5251

6008
6165
5639
5627
6098

4925
6117
5372
5015
3799

5627
3926
4852
6219
5911

5251
7248
5917
4060
6098

4090
6407
5403
4973
6110

4628
5028
6189
5239
5657

775y
730
647
X-12027
444E

466w
477W
ORO-Amigo
792G
GK-802G

805 WG

5185

5477

Mean

*Jay
7986
8954
7260
8325
7986

7986
6413
9922
8615
7018

8615
10067
8470
8954
8809

8712
8809
8615
8470
4598

9196
6679
7260
9196
8470

8131
9196
9099
7260
8809

7744
8131
7744
7841
9438

7260
8809
8615
7986
8131

8809

8253

2-location
average
6606
7959
6134
7393
6195

6824
5587
8322
6954
6134

7312
8116
7054
7290
7454

6818
7463
6994
6742
4198

7412
5302
6056
7708
7190

6691
8222
7508
5660
7454

5917
7269
6573
6407
7774

5944
6918
7402
6612
6894

6997

6865

- 17 -

Table 15. Sources of seed for the 1996 grain sorghum tests.

Brand
Agra Tech

Cargill

DeKalb

Georgia A.E.S.

HyPerformer

Mycogen

Northrup-King

Triumph

Company and Address
Agra Tech Seeds, Inc.
5559 North 500 W.
McCordsville, Indiana 46055-9998

Cargill Hybrid Seeds
Box 5645
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55440

DeKalb Plant Genetics
Route 2, Box 56
Lubbock, Texas 79415

University of Georgia
Coastal Plain Experiment Station
Tifton, Georgia 31794

HyPerformer Seed Company
6075 Poplar, Suite 500
Memphis, Tennessee 38119

Mycogen Plant Sciences
Route 1, Box 22-A
York, Nebraska 68467

Northrup-King Seed Company
1009 North Church Street
Post Office Box 249
Grifton, North Carolina 28530

Triumph Seed Company, Inc.
Post Office Box 1050
Ralls, Texas 79357

- 18 -

A I *