/' UNIVERSITY OF
SFFLORIDA
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay
WFREC Research Report WF97-2
January, 1997
VARIETY TRIALS OF SEVERAL iWARM-SEASON GRASSES, CLOVER, CORN, AND GRAIN SORGHUM
L. S. Dunayin, H. A. Peacock, and D. W. Gorbet
Marston Science
Library
FEB 1 0 1997
University of Florida
FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
West Florida Research and Education Center
Jay, Florida'
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West Florida
Research' and Education Center
The Jay lleacarch and Education Center (Jay
REC), part oftlhe University of Florida's Institute of
Food and Agricultural Sciences (WrAS), is about 15
miles. south ofJ.y and aloult 1.I miles north of
Mlilton, 3.I1/2 inil.~ we.t or Florida 39 and 3.1/2 miles
east or Florida 197 on Florida 182 in the heart or
Sntln lIn.n County's fanrmlnnd. The Iteseanrch Center
con.istL nrnn office building, a soils Inlmralory. a
ncnlatolohy laboratory, a fornae &rnp laboratory. and
a \eed Science Inboratory along with 24 support
building.'. The Center is located on 640 acres with
about 1f0 acres in pine trees. 40 acres in roads and
building nite. and *100 acres in cultivation. Thel Jny
Ihecnarch and Edlucntion 'was nauthorized in Chapter
2 19)87. Act. or 19.3,. by the State l.egislatlure. ,nil
-1I0 acres ofcut-over tilmberlnnd was purchased front
Fnnridn Pulp and Paper Compnny in 10-17.
Because of the distance between the extreme weat.
crn part of Florida and the Florida Agricultural Ex*
periment Station in Cainesvillo, relatively little was
known about the soils, the fertility requircmentL of
crops. and crop adaptations for the soils and climante
in this part of Florida. Through experimentation con-
ducted from n mobile unit from the North Florida Ex.
periment SLntion at Quincy. the farmers were .alown
som: or the aoricilturnl potential of thia area and
this. very likely, was responsible for the cdmnnnd by
farmers and buainessmen of the four wc.stcrnmnast
Florida counties for a branch station in thli area. The
tirst experimental ploLs were planted in 19-18.
Mission Statement
The overall mission o the Jay Rncearch and
:Education Center ;i the development, thruil:h
research. of technologically sound pronraim. of
mannaycmrnt of our unique soils and climate so that
co.unirceial agriculture clientele can realize maxi.
umInt returns fronm land nild l:labr: and to educate
nl:riculturnI prsodlicerra concerning: tlhe' Inlte recnrch
nlis tdi lhruih:l trclhnology transfer directly annd
indirectly through xItcnsiion personnel. *Toward that
goal research prngrants are in place or :ire Ieing
delcvloped which are directed toward the development
no crop im>n;ageisenct systems that arc cionmiically
and ecnvironmsentnlly tiound alnd result in produhcLs
tllht are nccepl.talle to the agricultlur:il proxlucer nnd
to the consunicr. In addition we assist the Coolaxrn-
irve Elxtnsiun Scrvice. IFASS cnmpus depairtlllcnta.l
and olher rexcnrchl center. with cooperative research,
xtensciour o rr.eanrclh rlindin. and ulndergradlute
anil grndluatd student triiingrig fir the benefit of
'loridn producer., studcintll. and consumer.
Research Goals
1. Incrcn.ee snyhann. cotton, peanut, corn. wlhe:it.
onts, and xrnin onrglihin yiclisda in this area to the
average of thi t prioluccl by our bIest nramcr.i.
2. Find legumsc. that will produce albundantly over a
long time period and be compatible with adaul)ed
pcrcnnini ;gransss.
3, Findl perennial gran.sie tllat ycll more dig;csilile
nrgntaic inntlcr than perennial grac.cs now
available.
Develop weed control prraosl:r for all field and
forage crops that control all weeds. without
signiicnnt dninsge to thle crop lsilng grown.
Find 'ylbcnn cultivars and :litc liir.s thal. exhibit
rcaiatnlatc to Ail or nitlre of lte tlrce nemlatlo(cs
endemic to \Wvst Florida.
Addre.ss. the more f :lllundamental a .pects or the
sciences presented iin research gosli estnumecrated
above.
Research Accomplishments
1. Developed mnagnnneniet systcnms for sclectel
combinations of cillivars or; rn..cs aindl'
legutmcs.
2. Developnedl Imnnanj:centlt practices far LUe warml.
and cool-season annual gra'ses and lcgum.Ellg in
forge produuctiini systems.
3. Developed technology enabling beef cattle opera.
tions to be a part ol the total farming system.
4. Developed a feeding system to produce finished
cattle with carcass quality acceptable to the
conasumr.
5. Developed weed management progrTnims that
integrate cultural practices with chemical treat
mcnLs for acceptable level of weed control.
G. Developed cost effective weed control .strntcies
for each of he several iceld and forage crop.i in
this area.
7. Detnnined that G0-70% of fields in Santa Rosa
county are deficient in sulfur.
8. Determined the boron requirement of peanuLt to
be 1/2.3/I pound II per acre per year.
D. Have found mnny soybean breeding genotypes
and cultivars resistant to the southern root-knot
.nernnode.
10. lave (uund several oylbcnn breeding lines with
combined resiatalncc to nIemnLatdes.
I1. Identified the nimot productive lines, trains. and
cultivars n(cotton, peanut, soybean,. corn. isnall
grain, and grain aorrghsum developed by breeders
in the U. S. on a yearly basis.
12. Helped develop a cotton production Iprogram for
Florida.
Research Program Areas
X Forage nianagexmcnt nnd production utilizing
summer ndl winter annual and perennial grasses
and legIs ca.
X Weed control in augrnoinic crop.i ulilizing imost
cost effcctive menena to control teeds at a non
yicld-reducJing level.
X Nemlntodle innngl: cniecit through non-chelnical
nmclu .ofhost.iplanit resist.lace or crnpping
schclnica that n:liiL'tin nrmlatode inpiolationls
below damntint'l level..
M Multiple cropping systyemsL o for sustainnlec
agriculture and scnrch for alternative crops.
Jay, WFREC Research Report WF97-2
Variety Trials of Several Warm-Season Grasses, Clover, Corn, and Grain Sorghum
L. S. Dunavin, H. A. Peacock, and D. W. Gorbett
Conversion factors are given in Table 1 for the use of those who would like to
convert to metric units. Climatological data are presented in Table 2.
Warm-Season Perennial Grasses.
Twelve grasses were included in this trial in 1996. The bahiagrasses, rhodes-
grass, and Suerte atrapaspalum were planted on 22 April 92, and rooted plants
of all others except Tifton 85 and Coastal bermudagrass were set on 23 April
92. Tifton 85 was set on 14 April 93 and Coastal was set on 18 April 94. The
trial was located on an Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult). An applica-
tion of 400 pounds per acre of an 8-24-24 fertilizer was made on 13 March 96.
Ammonium nitrate was applied to supply 50 pounds per acre N on 15 May, 13
June, 11 July, 7 Aug., and 10 Sept. 96. Gypsum was applied at 125 pounds per
acre on 26 April 96. Harvests were obtained on 14 May, 11 June, 10 July, 7
Aug., 6 Sept., and 4 Oct. 96. Yields of dry matter are given in Table 3. The
cold temperatures in the first week of February, 1996 severely damaged Callide
rhodesgrass and Suerte atra paspalum. Whether the damage and succeeding poor
yield of limpograss was due to the cold or to numerous harvests in 1995 or a
combination of the two or something else is not known at this time.
Gamagrass.
Observations were made on three ecotypes and a cultivar of Eastern gamagrass.
These observations were made on single plants (replicated 4 times) set on
four-foot centers. The plants were set on 29 March 93. They had developed
into relatively large plants. The ecotypes were from Alabama, Tennessee, and
Florida (Ona-2). The cultivar was 'Pete' which was released in 1988 by the
USDA-SCS in cooperation with the Kansas and Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment
Stations and the USDA-ARS. The plants were located on an Orangeburg sandy loam
soil (Typic Paleudult). An application of 400 pounds per acre of an 8-24-24
fertilizer was made on 24 May 96. Ammonium nitrate was applied at 100 pounds
per acre on 3 July and 7 Aug. 96. Harvests were obtained on 22 May, 1 July,
29 July, and 20 Sept. 96. The-Ala. entry had significantly higher season
yields than Pete and Tenn. Data are presented in Table 4.
Russell bermudagrass.
Observations were made in 1996 in a trial containing Russell bermudagrass and
Tifton 85 bermudagrass which were set in 1995 and Florakirk bermudagrass which
was set in 1996 and Carostan flaccidgrass and Red River crabgrass which were
planted 22 Apr. at 10 pounds of seed per acre. Also included in the trial was
an entry of volunteer grasses which was to a large extent broadleaf signal-
grass. Russell and Tifton 85 were set on 16 May 95 and Florakirk was set on
4 April 96. An application of 400 pounds per acre of an 8-24-24 fertilizer
was made on 26 April 96 along with 125 pounds per acre of gypsum. Ammonium
nitrate was applied at 200 pounds per acre on 13 June 96 and at 100 pounds per
tAssociate Professor, Professor and Center Director, WFREC, Jay, respectively,
and Professor, NFREC, Marianna.
- 2 -
January, 1997
acre on 3 July, 7 Aug., and 3 Sept. 96. Harvests were obtained on 4 June
(Russell and Tifton 85 only), 2 July (all except Carostan), 2 Aug., 26 Aug.,
and 24 Sept. 96. Data are presented in Table 5 and show the higher yielding
ability of Tifton 85 with Russell being better than the rest in 1996.
Suerte atra paspalum Carostan flaccidgrass and Red River crabgrass.
A trial was started in 1996 with the original intention of a fertility study on
Suerte atra paspalum, Carostan flaccidgrass, and Red River crabgrass. Stands
were not good enough to proceed as a fertility trial; however, the trial was
continued as a variety trial utilizing the averages of all plots of each
species in a particular replication. Plots were planted on 24 April 96 at
10 pounds of seed per acre on an Orangeburg sandy loam soil. Fertilizer
included 300 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 in April and 200 pounds per acre of
ammonium nitrate on 7 Aug. 96. More nitrogen should have been applied earlier,
but the future of the trial remained in doubt because of poor stands until I
decided to harvest it in August. Harvests were made on 5 Aug. and 11 Sept. 96.
On 5 Aug., Carostan was in early bloom and Red River was in full bloom. Data
for yield are given in Table 6.
Clover (Summer Residual Yields).
Data are reported in Jay, WFREC Res. Rept. WF96-5 Table 5 for 8 clovers during
the 1995-1996 season. A statement was made in the narrative section of that
report that additional harvests would be included in a later report. An
additional harvest was made on 16 July 96 and was certainly a warm-season
harvest. Only two of the clovers produced at this time. The yields were:
Cherokee red clover, 1100 pounds per acre of dry matter and Yuchi arrowleaf
clover, 310 pounds per acre of dry matter.
Temperate corn;
Cultivars of 23 corn hybrids were planted in a replicated trial in 1996 on an
Orangeburg fine sandy loam to determine yield, ear quality, and lodging. All
hybrids were planted 4 April at a seeding rate of 2 seeds per foot of row in
rows 3 feet apart. A preplant application of 600 lbs/A 3-9-18 was disked into
the soil and 300 lbs/A ammonium nitrate was applied as a topdressing 8 May.
Other normal farming practices were applied to the experimental area.
May was extremely dry (0.64 inches rainfall) and rainfall in June was only a
little more than one-half the 48-year average, Even so, 3 entries yielded more
than 100 bushels of grain per acre (Table 7). Agra Tech 888 was highest yield-
ing with 118 bu/A grain.
Two-, three-, and four-year average yields of corn hybrids grown at WFREC, Jay
are presented in Table 8. The highest yielding hybrid averaged over two years
was Agra Tech 888; over three years was Agra Tech 888; and over four years was
Northrup King N8811.
Grain Sorghum Jay:
Cultivars of 41 grain sorghum hybrids were planted in a replicated trial in 1996
on an Orangeburg fine sandy loam to determine yield, heading date, head type,
disease reaction, lodging, height, and bird depredation. All hybrids were
planted 4 April at a seeding rate of 10 seed per foot of row (8-12 lbs. seed/A
depending on seed size) in rows 3 feet apart. A preplant application of 500 Ibs/A
3-9-18 was disked into the soil and 200 lbs/A ammonium nitrate was applied as a
- 3-
topdressing on 8 May. A preemergence application of 1 lb. atrazine and 4 Ibs.
propachlor/A controlled weedy grasses and broadleaves except morningglory.
Grain was harvested 30 July and dried to 12% moisture before weighing. Pre-
cipitation at WFREC, Jay is shown in Table 9.
Yields were good for most hybrids with a test average of 8,253 Ibs/A grain
(Table 10). The lowest yield in the test was 4,598 Ibs/A grain. Rainfall
was 20.78" from 4 April through 30 July. The 48-year average for the same
time period at WFREC, Jay is 24.70". On average, in 1996, grain sorghum
hybrids yielded 49 bu/A more than average corn grain-yield.
There was no lodging or bird depredation in 1996. Leaf diseases were less
severe than in recent years (primarily Anthracnose, Colletotrichum graminicola).
There also was no preharvest seed sprouting.
Data on yield and other agronomic characteristics are presented in Table 10.
The highest yielding hybrid in the test was HyPerformer AP9850 followed closely
by Northrup King Savanna 5. Twenty-two of the 41 grain sorghum hybrids produced
more than 140 bu/A grain (8,325 Ibs/A).
Two-, three-, four-, and five-year average yields of hybrids grown at WFREC,
Jay are presented in Table 11. The highest yielding hybrid averaged over two
years was Northrup King Savanna 5 followed by HyPerformer HSC Wings and My-
cogen 444E; over three years was Triumph Two 80D; over four years was Triumph
Two 80D; and over five years was DeKalb DK-54.
Grain Sorghum Marianna:
Two plantings of grain sorghum were made at NFREC, Marianna in 1996 on Chipola
loamy sand. The early planting of 41 hybrids was made 18 April. The late plant-
ing of the same 41 hybrids was made 10 July. The April planting was irrigated 8
times for a total of 5.7" water and the July planting was irrigated 6 times for
a total of 4.4". Data on yield and other agronomic characteristics from the
April planting are presented in Table 12. The highest yielding hybrid was
DeKalb DK-54 with 7,248 lbs/A grain followed by Northrup King KS-936 with 6,964
lbs/A grain. The mean yield of the test was 5,477 lbs/A grain.
Data on yield and other agronomic characteristics of the July planting are pre-
sented in Table 13. The highest yielding hybrid was DeKalb DK-54 followed by
Northrup King KS-936. The mean yield of the test was 1,641 lbs/A grain.
Data from the April plantings at NFREC, Marianna and WFREC, Jay and the 2-loca-
tion average yields are presented in Table 14. The highest yielding hybrid from
the average of the two locations was Northrup King Savanna 5 followed by DeKalb
DK-54 and HyPerformer HSC Wings. The overall mean yield for the two test loca-
tions was 6,865 Ibs/A grain.
Table 15 lists the sources of seed for the 1995 grain sorghum tests grown at
WFREC, Jay and NFREC, Marianna.
-4-
Table 1. Conversion factors from English to metric units.
English Unit 'Factor Metric Unit
pounds per acre multiply by 1.12 kilograms per hectare
pounds per acre multiply by 0.00112 metric tons per hectare
tons (English) multiply by 0.9072 tons (metric)
tons (English) per acre multiply by 2.24 tons (metric) per hectare
inches multiply by 2.54 centimeters
yards multiply by 0.914 meters
miles multiply by 1.609 kilometers
acres multiply by 0.405 hectares
o Fahrenheit 0.556 .("F- 32) :: 0. Celsius
Table 2. Climatological data for
Precipitation
inches
Month 1996 48-year Avg.
January 5.67 5.41
February 4.72 5.08
March 10.62 6.58
April 8.92 4.89
May 0.64 4.41
June 4.36 7.34
July 6.87 8.03
August 9.29 6.59
September 5.24 6.23
October 1.30 3.74
November 2.67 4.17
December 5.13 5.03
Total orAve.65.43 67..50
the'West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay. 1996.
Temperature Average Daily Solar Radiation-
OF Watts per square meter
Avg. Max. Avg. Min. 1996 10-year Avg.
60.6 35.6 3120 2392
65.2 40.3 3910 3258
65.9 43.3 4480 4190
74.1 50.4 5234 5398
87.9 62.4 6399 5477
89.9 68.2 5798 5355
92.0 71.3 5413 5227
90.9 70.0 5399 5201
86.9 65.2 4338 4566
78.7 54.2 3858 4097
70.9 45.9 3449 3213
65.5 41.3 2816 2533
77.4 54.0 4518 4242
tThe solar radiometer was out
in December.
of operation during 1 day in Aug., 4 days in Oct., and 4 days
- 5 -
Y
Table 3. Warm-season Perennial Grasses, WFREC, Jay. 1996.
Dry Matter
Pounds per acret
Entry
Tifton 18 bahiagrass
Tifton 9 bahiagrass
Coastal bermudagrass
Tifton 85 bermudagrass
Argentine bahiagrass'
Florakirk bermudagrass
Pensacola bahiagrass
Suerte atra paspalum
Tifton 78 bermudagrass
Floralta limpograss
Callide rhodesgrass
"Seedling 5" limpograss
LSD (t .05)
tPounds per acre X 1.12
14 May 11 June 10 July 7 Aug. 6 Sept.
1000 1770 2910 2100 2700
1050 1880 2650 1980 2230
1330 880 3090 1790 1400
740 990 2660 1820 1790
150 870 2620 2310 2380
1080 -820 2930 1670 1280
420 1450 2220 1380 1860
90 350 1500 1650 1460
1330 650 1390 460 390
60 230 1430 400 20
10 10 100 570 620
10 40 40 20 10
240 240 760 440 590
4 Oct. Total
1430 11,910
1340 11,130
930 9,420
1150 9,150
680 9,010
1120 8,900
700 8,030
670 5,720
410 4,630
20 2,160
480 1,790
0 120
480 1,840
= kilograms per hectare.
SOIL:
FERTILIZER:
Orangeburg
400 pounds
sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).
per acre of 8-24-24 on 13 March
96 and 50 pounds per
acre of N after each harvest except the last.
- 6 -
Table 4. Gamagrass Observation. WFREC, Jay. 1996.
Dry Matter
Entry'
Ala.
SPounds-per acret
22 May 1 July 29 July 20 Sept. Total
3970 3060 1290 3590 11,910
Ona-2 3510 1770 1690 2600 9,570
Pete 3230 1060 1660 2510 8,460
Tenn. 2130 1360 1650 2450 7,590
LSD (t .05)- N.S. 1180'. N.S. N.S. 3,070
tPounds per acre X 1.12 =-kilograms per hectare.
PLANTED: Plants were set on 29 March 1993.
SOIL: Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).
FERTILIZER: 400 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 on 24 May
96 and 100 pounds per acre of ammonium
nitrate on 3 July and 7 Aug. 1996.
- 7 -
Table 5. Russell Bermudagrass and Other Grasses. WFREC, Jay. 1996.
Dry Matter
Pounds per acret
Entry 4 June 2 July 2 Au. 26 Aug. 24 Sept. Total
Tifton 85 bermudagrass
2490
3740 3640
1010 3250 14,130
Ru
Vo
Fl
Ca
Re
LS
tP
#C.
SO:
PL
ssell bermudagrass 2070 3310 3110 540 2360 11,390
lunteer --- 4280 2470 290 2200 9,240
orakirk bermudagrass ---- 3230 2810 450 2380 8,870
rostan flaccidgrass --- --- -3370 330 1130 4,830
d River crabgrass --- 1020 100 170 1520 2,810
D (t .05) ---- 480* 1100 170 600 370
pounds per acre X 1.12 = kilograms per hectare.
calculated as if there were only 5 entries on 2 July.
IL: Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).
ANTED: Russell and Tifton 85 were set on 16 May 95. Florakirk
FERTILIZER:
was set on 4 Apr. 96. Carostan and Red River were
planted on 22 Apr. 96.
400 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 on 26 April 96 along
with 125 pounds per acre of gypsum. Ammonium nitrate at
200 pounds per acre on 13 June 96 and at 100 pounds per
acre on 3 July, 7 Aug., and 3 Sept. 96.
- 8 -
)
)
Table 6. Suerte atra paspalum Carostan flaccidgrass- Red River crabgrass.
WFREC, Jay. 1996.
Dry Matter
Pounds per acret.
Entry 5 Aug. 11 Sept. Total
Suerte atra paspalum 2860 2810 5670
Carostan flaccidgrass 2940 2030 4970
Red River crabgrass 1320 1530 2850
LSD (t .05) 740 750 840
tPounds per acre X 1.12 = kilograms per hectare.
PLANTED: April 24, 1996.
SOIL: Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult).
FERTILIZER: 300 pounds per acre of 8-24-24 on 26 April 96 and 200 pounds
per acre of ammonium nitrate on 7 Aug. 96.
-9-
Table 7. Temperate Corn Variety Test 1996
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay
Entry
Pioneer 3085
Pioneer 3146
Pioneer 3154
Pioneer 3163
Pioneer 3167
Pioneer
Pioneer
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
3223
3245
8328
8527A
X9513
DeKalb DK683
DeKalb DK687
DeKalb DK706
DeKalb DK714F4
HyPerformer 9843
HyPerformer 9919
HyPerformer 9977
Northrup King N7931
Northrup King N8811
Northrup King X8655
McNair 508
Agra Tech AT888
Agra Tech AT1177
Lbs/
plot
13.1
12.8
14.0
12.6
12.9
14.2
15.2
14.9
13.6
14.0
13.8
15.1
13.9
15.5
15.6
13.6
15.2
13.4
14.8
16.8
16.5
19.5
17.6
Ear Ear No. Total Good
Bu/A quality-/ height plants2/ ears ears
79.3 2.8 30 34 40 33
77.4 3.2 34 39 46 38
84.7 3.2 31 38 43 34
76.2 3.5 26 36 37 27
78.0 3.2 24 37 39 31
85.9
92.0
90.1
82.3
84.7
88.5
91.4
84.1
93.8
94.4
82.3
92.0
81.1
89.5
101.6
99.8
118.0
106.5
3.0
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.0
2.8
3.2
3.0
3.2
2.8
3.5
3.2
3.8
3.5
3.2
2.8
3.0
3.8
Wt/
ear3/
0.397
0.337
0.412
0.467
0.416
0.374
0.411
0.414
0.358
0.378
0.394
0.387
0.376
0.419
0.390
0.378
0.422
0.383
0.448
0.467
0.359
0.500
04-87
Ears/ Erect
plant/ plants kg/ha
1.18 30 5326
1.18 36 5204
1.13 31 5692
1.03 31 5123
1.05 32 5243
1.12
1.23
1.19
1.16
1.10
1.12
1.15
1.03
1.22
1.16
1.05
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.18
1.31
1.19
1 -11
5773
6180
6058
5529
5692
5611
6139
5651
6302
6342
5529
6180
5448
6017
6830
6708
7928
71 C;
Mean 14.7 89.0 3.2 30 37 42 36 0.408 1.14 34 5976
LSD05 N.S. N.S. N.S. -- -- NS NS --- ---- -- N.S.
LSD01 N.S. N.S. N.S. -- -- NS NS --- ---- -- N.S.
CV % 19.9 19.9 21.3 -- -- 14.0 19.3----- ---- 19.9
-4,Rating based on 1 = excellent to 5 = poor.
/Number of plants per plot of 2 rows. Perfect
3/Weight in lbs. per good ear.
A/Total ears per plant.
Planted 4 April into an Orangeburg fine sandy
plant and 300 lbs/A ammonium nitrate 8 May.
stand = 42.0.
loam soil fertilized with 600 lbs/A 3-9-18 pre-
- 10 -
Table 8. Temperate Corn Variety Test 1996 With Multiple Year Averages.
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay
Entry
Pioneer 3085
Pioneer 3146
Pioneer 3154
Pioneer 3163
Pioneer 3167
Pioneer
Pioneer
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
3223
3245
8328
8527A
X9513
DeKalb DK683
DeKalb DK687
DeKalb DK706
DeKalb DK714F4
HyPerformer 9843
HyPerformer 9919
HyPerformer 9977
Northrup King N7931
Northrup King N8811
Northrup King X8655
McNair 508
Agra Tech AT888
Agra Tech AT1177
1993
20.9
17.8
22.7
16.6
16.6
17.5
17.5
23.0
32.1
15.7
18.8
1994
154
143
140
131
145
127
130
150
139
1995
80
69
83
70
67
83
77
70
69
104
87
85
1996
79
77
85
76
78
86
92
90
82
85
88
91
84
94
94
1995-
1996
80
73
84
73
72
84
84
m--
76
78
94
90
90
82
92
81
90
102
161
140
136
130
Ave. Yield
1994- 1993-
1996 1996
104 84
96 77
103 83
92 73
97 77
99 78
94 75
102
107
N---
N----
109
103
110
105
Mean 19.9 140 78 89 -- --- --
LSD05 --- --- NS -
LSD01 -- -- NS -- --- --
CV % 20 9 17 20 -- ---
- 11 -
Table 9. West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay
1996 Precipitation in Inches
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Jan.
1.19
1.19
0.11
0
0
0.19
0.20
0
0
0
0
0.26
0
0
0
0
0
0.01
0.62
0
0
0
0
0.67
0
0
1.23
0
0
0
0
Feb.
0
1.00
1.71
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.
0
0
0
0
0
0.26
0
0
0
0.76
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0'.99
- -
- -
Mar.
0.85
0
0
0
0
0.05
0.51
0.40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.20
0.66
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.02
0.35
1.20
0.08
0
4.30
Monthly
Total 5.67 4.72 10.62 8.92 0.64 4.35 6.87 9.29 5.24 1.30 2.67 5.13
48-yr.
Ave. 5.43 5.06 6.58 4.89 4.43 7.34 8.04 6.58 6.24 3.74 4.17 5.02
1996 total rainfall---------------------- ---------65.42"
1995 total rainfall---------------------------------87.17"
48-year average total rainfall------------------------67.50"
-- 12--
Apr. May
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.39 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
5.23 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.09 0
0 0.
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.34 0.03
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0.60
2.87 0.01
0
June 'July Aug.
0 0 0.15
0 0 0.59
0 0 '0
0.07 0 0.58
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 2.11
0.25 1.91 0
1.00 0.87 0.02
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 1.31
0 0 0.07
0.20 0 0
0 1.70 0
0.40 0.83 0
0. 0 0
0 0.13 0
0.81 0 0
0 0 0
0.37 0 0
0 0 0
0.75 0.15 0
0 0 0
0 0.82 0
0 0.46 0
0.50 0 0.63
0 0 0
0 0 0.60
0 0 2.12
0 1.11
Sept.
0
0
0
0.89
0
0.36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.45
1.15
0.44
0
0
0
0.44
0
0
0
0
0.10
1.06
0.35
0
-
Oct. Nov.
0.23 0
0.02 0.15
0.13 0
0 0
0 0
0.10 0
0.57 0
0.12 0.33
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0.02
0 0
0 0.69
0 0
0.12 0
0 0
0 1.44
0 0.04
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.01 -
Dec.
2.19
0
0
0
0
0.02
0.93
0
0
0
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0.31
0.04
0.32
0
0
0
0
0
1.03
0
8.03
0
0
0.16
0
Table 10. Crain Sorghum Variety Test 1996 Yield and Other Characteristics
West Florida Research and Education Center
Jay, Florida
Brand Hybrid
Northrup King KS-735
Northrup King KS-936
Northrup King KS-714Y
Northrup King X-604
Northrup King 2656
Northrup King 2660
Northrup King 2224
Northrup King Savanna 5
Hyperformer Cherokee
Hyperformer IIY-2660
Yield
lbs/A bu/A kg/ha
7986 133 8944
8954 149. 10028
7260 121 8131
8325 140 9324
7986 133 8944
8944
7155
11113
9649
7860
Height
inches
54
54
57
56
51
57
52
60
55
54
Disease Head
rating/ type/
1.0 0
1.0 C
1.0' 0
1.0 0
2.0 0
Hyperformer
Hyperformer
Hyperformer
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen
1225DR
AP9850
HSC Wings
TR65G
TR82G
TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39Y
861:
1001
8471
8954
8809
871
8809
8615
8470
4598
DK-56 9196
DK-42y 6679
DK-40y 7260
DK-58 9196
DK-64 8470
DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837
775Y
730
647
X-12027
444E
Mycogen 466
Mycogen 477W
Mycogen ORO-Amigo
Agra Tech 7920
Agra Tech GK-802G
Agra Tech 805WC
Mean
LSD
LSDO5
CV %
8131
9196
9099
7260
8809
7744
8131
7744
7841
9438
7260
8809
8615
7986
8131
8809
5 14.
67 16,
0 14
4 149
9 14
2 145
147
144
141
77
153
S111
121
153
141
135
153
152
121
147
129
136
129
131
157
121
147
144
133
135
147
8253 '138
1575 26
2082 35
14 1.4
4 9649
8 11275
1 9486
9 10028
7 9866
S9757
9866
9649
9486
5150
10300
7481
8131
10300
9486
9107
,10300
10191
8131
9866
8673
9107
8673
8782
10571
8131
9866
9649
8944
9107
'.9866
1.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
0.5
2.5
1.0
1.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
3.0
2.5
3.0
1.0
1.0
2.' 5
1.6
'9243
1764
2.332
4
SO 06/28
C 06/28
SO 06/28
SC 06/28
C 07/01
0 06/27
C 06/28
SO 06/27
SO 06/26
0 06/24
0 06/28
SO 06/25
0 06/24
0 06/28
SO 06/24
SO 06/24
SO 06/28
0 07/02
SO 06/28
SC 06/23
SO 06/24
SC 06/27
C 06/25
0 06/24
SO 06/25
SC 06/24
SO 06/24
SC 06/24
SO 06/24
SC 06/26
SO 06/24
I/Disease rating at harye.s based on 1 a 10% pof e.af' area afe.cted to 0 =
dead plants (.primarily- Anthc.:c'se).
2/C compact; 0 = open; SC = semi-compact; SO'. scmAlopen.
Planted 04 April 3,996 into an Orpngeburg sandy loi.Im. Fcrtililzed-wi-th 500
lbs/A .3.-9-18 : qnd 20Q Jbs./A ammon.umn:rn.la ;.. ;AUpvested 30 July. There, was
no bird dcpredation, lodging, or pre hA.ry.sit-.sed' sprouting. Hleqds were
dried to 12% moisture and weighed for y*-cld.
- 13 -
leading
date
07/01
07/01
06/26
07/01
06/28
06/28
06/25
06/28
07/01
06/28
-----
Table 11. Grain Sorghum Test 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996 and Average YieldI/
West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay
Brand
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech
Agra Tech
Hybrid
KS-735
KS-936
KS-714Y
X-604
2656
2660
2224
Savanna 5
Cherokee
HY-2660
1225DR
AP9850
HSC Wings
TR65G
TR82G
TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39y
DK-56
DK-42y
DK-40y
DK-58
DK-64
DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837
775y
730
647
X-12027
444E
466W
477W
ORO-Amigo
792G
GK-802G
805WG
Mean
LSD05
LSD01
CV %
1991 1992
7620
8710
9200
8590
8230
8590
9680
8230
8830
10530
8830
7020
8710
6000
6100
6290
6200
6780
6200
6200
6460
5030
5900
8080
5710
5520
5810
6200
1993 1.994
---- 6195
---- 6292
5810
8131
7351
1996
7986
8954
7260
8325
7986
7986
6413
9922
8615
7018
6780 5808 8615
--- ---- 10067
7740
6290
8710
6780
6780
5810
5810
7740
7260
8710
7260
7260
7740
8131
.7018
6873
5324
7018
6195
5808
5227
4743
5421
5227
.6389
6292
6050
5227
4695
6292
6776
4840
5566
5905
6050
8470
8954
8809
8712
8809
8615
8470
4598
91.96
6679
7260
9196
8470
8131
9196
9099
7260
8809
7744
8131
7744
7841
9438
7260
8809
8615
7986
8131
1994- 1993- 1992- 1991-
1996 1996 1996 1996
7090 --- ---
6776 ---
6776 ---- ---- --
---- ---- ----
---- ---- ----
9026
7983
7212
8300
7986
7841
7018
7914
7405
7139
4912
6970
6050
6244
7792
7381
7090
7212
6897
7550
8107
6050
7188
6946
7090
7260 6200 6780 5324 8809 7066
8410 6020
1.660 1590
14 19
6980
1340
14
6244 8253
1162 1575
---- 2082
13 14
7248
7259
7068
8114
7421
8179
7197
6906
5970
6099
7501
7228
7937
7825
7212
7307
6944
6826
7658
7116
7829
6948
6730
6092
5832
7100
7441
7380
7079
7203
7966
7410
7909
7276
7320
6520
7446
8059
7670
7248 ---
6861
7030
6893
7366
6971 6778 6875
7159
6874 7181
- 14 -
1/All yields in lbs/A. No yield data were collected in 1995. Hurricane damaged test
and no harvest was made.
11____1__
Table 12. Grain Sorghum Variety Test 1996 Yield and Other Characteristics
North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna
Early Planting
Brand Hybrid
Northrup King KS-735
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech
KS-936
KS-714Y
X-604
2656
2660
2224
Savanna 5
HY-2660
1225DR
AP9850
HSC Wings
Cherokee
TR65G
TR82C
TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39y
DK-56
DK-42y
DK-40y
DK-58
DK-64
DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837
775y
730
647
X-12027
444E
466w
477W
ORO-Amigo
792G
GK-802G
Mid-
Height Disease Head Grain bloom
Ihs/A bu/A kg/ha inches rating/ Lodging/ type/ color/ dys
5227 87.1 5854 52 3.2 1.3 SO R 68
6964 116.1 7800 63 2.5 1.7 SO R+ 70
5009 83.5 5610 49 6.8 1.5 SO w 64
6461 107.7 7236 58 2.5 1.5 SO-0 R 68
4404 73.4 4932 46 7.2 1.5 SO R 66
5663
4761
6722.
5294
5251
6008
6165
5639
5627
6098
4925
6117
5372
5015
3799
5627
3926
4852
621.9
5911
5251
7248
5917
4060
6098
4090
6407
5403
4973
6110
4628
5028
6189
5239
5657
94.4
79.4
112.0
88.2
87.5
100.1 6729
102.8 6905
94.0 6316
93.8 6302
101.6 6830
82.1 5516
102.0 6851
89.5 6017
83.6 5617
63.3 4255
93.8 6302
65.4 4397
80.9 5434
103.6 6965
98.5 6620
87.5 5881
120.8 8118
98.6 6627
67.7 4547
101.6 6830
68.2
1.06.8
90.0
32.9
101.8
77.1 5183
83.8 5631
103.2 6932
87.3 5868
94.3 6336
5.7
3.2
2.5
5.7
6.7
3.5
3.5
4.8
5.8
3.0
5.5
3.3
5.7
6.5
6.7
3.0
5.7
7.2
4.2
5.8
7.2
3.0
3.8
5.8
6.2.
5.3
4.7
8.3
6.7
6.8
55
52
56
53
52
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.8
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
SO
SO
SC
SC
SO
SC
SC
SC
SC
SC
SO-0
SO
SO
SO
0
SO-0
SO
SO-O
SO-0
SO
SO
SO
SO-O
SO
SO
SO
SO
SC
SO
SO
SO
SO
SC
SO-0
SO
Agra Tech 805 WG 5185 86.4 5807 52 5,5 1.5 SO W b3
Mean 5477 91.3 6134 54 5.2 1.6 -- 67
1/Disease rating (primarily Anthracnose) just prior to harvest (1-10): 1 = no disease;
10 = plant dead from disease.
2/Lodging (1-5): 5 = all plants down; 1 = all plants erect.
i/Head shape: VO = very open; 0 = open; SO = semi-open; SC = semi-compact; C = compact.
T/Grain color: R = red; Br = brown; RBr = reddish brown; YE = yellow; W = white.
PLANTED:
PLOT SIZE:
FIELD LAYOUT:
FERTILIZER:
HERBICIDE:
INSECTICIDE:
IRRIGATION:
SOIL:
HARVEST:
April 18, 1996.
1-row plots, 20' long and 36" apart.
RCB, 3 reps.
400 lbs/A (18-9-18) ppi; 350 lbs/A (13-13-13) 04/25/96; 200 Ibs/A of
ammonium nitrate (05/21/96).
Atrazine (1 qt./A) on 05/02/96.
None.
8 times (5.7" total).
Chipola Is.
July 30, 1996.
- 15 -
Table 13. Grain Sorghum Variety Test 1996 Yield and Other Characteristics
North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna
Late Planting
Brand
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech
Mid-
Height Disease Head Grain bloom
Hybrid lbs/A bu/A kg/ha inches rating/ Lodging2/ type/ colorA/ days
KS-735 1646 27.4 1844 44 8.3 1.7 SO R 57
KS-936 2843 47.4 3184 56 3.2 1.7 SC R 64
KS-714Y 1373 22.9 1538 44 9.3 1.8 SO W 55
X-604 1984 33.1 2222 53 5.5 1.8 SO R 59
2656 1053 17.6 1179 40 9.5 2.2 SO R 56
2660 1470
2224 2117
Savanna 5 2487
HY-2660 1349
1225DR 1234
AP9850 2039
HSC Wings 2051
Cherokee 1095
TR65G 1730
TR82G 2468
TR481 1301
Two 80D 2142
M565 938
X-166 1597
DK-39y 835
DK-56 1797
DK-42y 992
DK-40y 1373
DK-58 1331
DK-64 2674
DK-51 1531
DK-54 2886
DK-55 1676
DK-44 1664
837 1748
775y 1942
730 1428
647 1041
X-12027 1748
444E 1398
466w 1410
477W 1301
ORO-Amigo 1500
792G 1004
GK-802 G 1010
24.5
35.3
41.4
22.5
20.6
34.0
34.2
18.2
28.8
41.1
21.7
35.7
15.6
26.6
13.9
30.0
16.5
22.9
22.2
44.6
25.5
48.1
27.9
27.7
29.1
32.4
23.8
17.4
29.1
23.3
23.5
21.7
25.0
16.7
16.8
.1646
2371
2785
1511
1382
2284
2297
1226
1938
2764
1457
2399
1051
1789
935
2013
1111
1538
1491
2995
1715
3232
1877
1864
1958
2175
1599
1166
1958
1566
1579
1457
1680
1124
1131
9.8
4.2
5.3
9.8
10.0
7.7
8.2
9.3
9.2
5.8
9.0
6.5
7.2
7.8
7.7
5.5
6.8
8.7
7.3
6.5
9.5
5.8
7.3
8.5
8.8
8.5
9.3
9.8
8.7
9.0
8.0
8.3
8.3
8.7
9.2
SO
SC
SC
SO
SO
SC
SO
SC
SC
so
SO
so
SO
O
SO-0
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
So
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
So
SO
SO
So
SO
R
R
RBr
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Ye
R
WYe
WYe
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
W
R
R
R
R
W
W
R
R
R
Agra Tech 805 WG 2093 34.9 2344
47 7.8 1.7 SO R 55
Mean 1641 27.4 1838 45 7.9 1.8 -- 59
I/Disease rating (primarily Anthracnose) just prior to harvest (1-10): 1 = no disease;
10 = plant dead from disease.
2/Lodging (1-5): 5 = all plants down; 1 = all plants erect.
Head shape: VO = very open; 0 = open; SO = semi-open; SC = semi-compact; C = compact.
A/Grain color: R = red; Br = brown; RBr = reddish brown; Ye = yellow; W = white.
PLANTED:
PLOT SIZE:
FIELD LAYOUT:
FERTILIZER:
HERBICIDE:
INSECTICIDE:
IRRIGATION:
SOIL:
HARVEST:
July 10, 1996.
1-row plots, 20' long and36' apart.
RCB, 3 reps.
400 lbs/A (18-9-18) (07/12/96); 300 lbs/A (13-13-13) (07/30/96), 250 Ibs/A
(08/14/96).
Atrazine (1 qt./A) (07/20/96).
Sevin, Lorsban, Lannate.
6 times (4.4" total).
Chiploa Is.
October 30, 1996.
- 16 -
Table 14. Grain Sorghum Variety Test 1996. Individual Location and Average Yield.
lbs/A
Brand
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
Northrup King
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
HyPerformer
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
Triumph
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
DeKalb
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Cargill
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Mycogen
Agra Tech
Agra Tech
Agra Tech
Hybrid
KS-735
KS-936
KS-714Y
X-604
2656
2660
2224
Savanna 5
HY-2660
1225DR
AP9850
HSC Wings
Cherokee
TR65G
TR82G
TR481
Two 80D
M565
X-166
DK-39y
DK-56
DK-42y
DK-40y
DK-58
DK-64
DK-51
DK-54
DK-55
DK-44
837
Marianna
5227
6964
5009
6461
4404
5663
4761
6722
5294
5251
6008
6165
5639
5627
6098
4925
6117
5372
5015
3799
5627
3926
4852
6219
5911
5251
7248
5917
4060
6098
4090
6407
5403
4973
6110
4628
5028
6189
5239
5657
775y
730
647
X-12027
444E
466w
477W
ORO-Amigo
792G
GK-802G
805 WG
5185
5477
Mean
*Jay
7986
8954
7260
8325
7986
7986
6413
9922
8615
7018
8615
10067
8470
8954
8809
8712
8809
8615
8470
4598
9196
6679
7260
9196
8470
8131
9196
9099
7260
8809
7744
8131
7744
7841
9438
7260
8809
8615
7986
8131
8809
8253
2-location
average
6606
7959
6134
7393
6195
6824
5587
8322
6954
6134
7312
8116
7054
7290
7454
6818
7463
6994
6742
4198
7412
5302
6056
7708
7190
6691
8222
7508
5660
7454
5917
7269
6573
6407
7774
5944
6918
7402
6612
6894
6997
6865
- 17 -
Table 15. Sources of seed for the 1996 grain sorghum tests.
Brand
Agra Tech
Cargill
DeKalb
Georgia A.E.S.
HyPerformer
Mycogen
Northrup-King
Triumph
Company and Address
Agra Tech Seeds, Inc.
5559 North 500 W.
McCordsville, Indiana 46055-9998
Cargill Hybrid Seeds
Box 5645
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55440
DeKalb Plant Genetics
Route 2, Box 56
Lubbock, Texas 79415
University of Georgia
Coastal Plain Experiment Station
Tifton, Georgia 31794
HyPerformer Seed Company
6075 Poplar, Suite 500
Memphis, Tennessee 38119
Mycogen Plant Sciences
Route 1, Box 22-A
York, Nebraska 68467
Northrup-King Seed Company
1009 North Church Street
Post Office Box 249
Grifton, North Carolina 28530
Triumph Seed Company, Inc.
Post Office Box 1050
Ralls, Texas 79357
- 18 -
A I *
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