Florida architect

W A A Flo

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Architects- and- is- an- official- journal- of- the-
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version available- has- been- granted- by the. Association-
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Li

ij.

Next In

November...

.This year the Palm Beach Chapter will be
host to the FAA's 47th Convention and all who
remember the 1954 Convention at La Coquille will
be looking forward to a wonderful time this fall .
Site of this 47th annual conclave will be the
fantastic Boca Raton Hotel a crowning product
of Addison Mizner's genius. And the Convention Theme
now under development and soon to be
announced -will, by all reports, be as provocative
as any in all the FAA's bright convention history .

With a magnificent set-
.. ting on the Inland Wat-
: erway and flanked by
one of the nation's finest
championship golf
6 Bcourses, the Boca Raton
Hotel offers everything
that the most demanding
conventioneer could want.
One of the finest muse-
um pieces of the Addison
Mizner era, it has been
lavishly re-developed to
provide complete facili-
ties for every comfort
and convenience .

UAL FAA CONVENTION

1961 BOCA RATON HOTEL BOCA RATON

Beautiful new Colonial Lanes Bowling Alley on
Highway 70, Hickory, N. C. James Sherrill,
Architect; Guy Frye & Son, Builder.
ABSOLUTELY DEAD-SURE PROTECTION against sub- A G
terranean termites lies under way under this
costly expanse of wood. Bird Termite Prevention Sys-
tem was laid over the ground under the first pouring of
concrete, creating an absolute block against the entry
of both termites and moisture from underground. Fine
architects everywhere are specifying this easy-to-
install termite-proof construction.

I BIRD & SON, INC., DEPT. FA-41, CHARLESTON, S. C.
Please send me free booklet on Bird Termite Prevention System.

Street. ................................................BR
City or Town............................ State.................
I am an architect............ builder............dealer............ TERMITE PREVENTION SYSTEM
*_ __-_-- _----- _-- ^--------
SURE PROTECTION FOR FINE HOMES, MOTELS, BASKETBALL COURTS, BOWLING ALLEYS, CHURCHES, RESTAURANTS, INSTITUTIONS
APRIL, 1961

74e

Florida Architect
OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE FLORIDA ASSOCIATION OF ARCHITECTS

ST 7&a Isue ---

Bunch and Reeder Elected to AIA Fellowship . . 4

Florida Professions Committee Sets New Policy on Legislation . 6

"Operation Progress" . 9
By John Stetson, AIA, President, Joint Cooperative Council

The ABC's of the FAA .............. .. ...10
A primer for politicians

How Climate Makes the Man Part II . . . 13
By Dr. Clarence A. Mills

News and Notes . . . . ... 17
The AIA Endorses New Federal Urban Development Program CSI
Announces Policy on Contract Bidding Procedures .Blueprint of a
Fallacy Office Practice Committee Announces Subjects for 1961
Seminar Program A-Bomb Shelters to be Subject of U/F Work-
shops State Board Proposed for Landscape Architects

Advertisers' Index . .

We Need the Urban Renewal Program
Editorial by Roger W. Sherman, AIA

F.A.A. OFFICERS 1961
Robert H. Levison, President, 425 S. Garden Ave., Clearwater
Arthur Lee Campbell, First Vice-President, Rm. 208, Security Bldg., Gainesville
Robert B. Murphy, Second Vice-President, 1210 Edgewater Drive, Orlando
William F. Bigoney, Jr., Third V-President, 2520 E. Las Olas Blvd., Ft. Laud.
Verner Johnson, Secretary, 250 N. E. 18th Street, Miami
Roy M. Pooley, Jr., Treasurer, Suite 209, 233 E. Bay Street, Jacksonville

DIRECTORS
Immediate Past President: John Stetson; BROWARD COUNTY: Jack W.
Zimmer, Charles F. McAlpine, Jr.; DAYTONA BEACH: Francis R. Walton;
FLORIDA CENTRAL: Robert C. Wielage, Eugene H. Beach, Anthony L.
Pullara; FLORIDA NORTH: Turpin C. Bannister, FAIA, McMillan H. Johnson;
FLORIDA NORTH CENTRAL: Forrest R. Coxen; FLORIDA NORTH
WEST: W. Stewart Morrison; FLORIDA SOUTH: James L. Deen, H. Samuel
Kruse, C. Robert Abele; JACKSONVILLE: A. Robert Broadfoot, Jr., John R.
Graveley, Frederick W. Bucky, Jr.; MID-FLORIDA: Charle L. Hendrick, John
P. DeLoe; PALM BEACH: Jefferson N. Powell, Frederick W. Kessler.

Verna M. Sherman, Administrative Secretary, 414 Dupont Plaza Center, Miami

. 23

. 24

THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT, Official Journal of
1he Florida Association of Architects of the
American Institute of Architects, is owned by
the Florida Association of Architects, Inc., a
Florida Corporation not for profit, and is pub-
lished monthly, at 7225 S. W. 82nd Ct.,
Miami 43, Florida; telephone MOhawk 5-5032.
Editorial contributions, including plans and
photographs of architects' work, are welcomed
but publication cannot be guaranteed. Opinions
expressed by contributors are not necessarily
those of the Editor or the Florida Association
of Architects. Editorial material may be freely
reprinted by other official AIA publications,
provided full credit is given to the author
and to The FLORIDA ARCHITECT for prior use.
Advertisements of products. materials and
services adaptable for use in Florida are wel-
come, but mention of names cr use of illus-
trations, of such materials and products in
either editorial or advertising columns does not
constitute endorsement by the Florida Associ-
ation of Architects. Advertising material must
conform to standards of this publication; and
the right is reserved to reject such material be-
cause of arrangement, copy or illustrations.
Accepted as controlled circulation publi-
cation at Miami, Florida Printed by
McMurray Printers.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE
Clinton Gamble, Dana B. Johannes,
William T. Arnett, Roy M. Pooley, Jr.

ROGER W. SHERMAN, AIA
Editor-Publisher

VOLUME 11

NUMBER 4FRIA A I

THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

To achieve scale, stature and c IJ l

monumental significance in your

next building .design with

PRECAST, PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

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and expression to your important building
projects.
Here is a material with architectural
significance, a building system which en-
ables you to achieve classic, enduring style
and sound construction, combining function
and beauty.

The Florida producers of precast pre-
stressed concrete offer a wide variety of units
in sizes and shapes to meet your loading re-
quirements for structural efficiency, and your
aesthetic requirements for classic beauty.
The Florida Prestressed Concrete Asso-
ciation has published a brochure showing
the standard products available in the State.
Write to the Association office or the pro-
ducer nearest you for your free copy.

MEMBERS

Capitol Prestress Co., Jacksonville
Concrete Structures, Inc., No. Miami
Dura-Stress, Inc., Leesburg
Duval Eng. & Contracting Co., Jacksonville
Florida Prestressed Concrete, Inc., Tampa
Juno Prestressors, Inc., West Palm Beach
Maule Industries, Inc., Miami
Meekins-Bamman Precast Corp., Hallandale

Perma-Stress, Inc., Holly Hill
Pre-Cast Corp., Miami
. Prestressed Concrete, Inc., Lakeland
Southern Prestress Concrete, Inc.,
Panama City
Southern Prestress Concrete, Inc., Pensacola
SWest Coast Shell Corp., Sarasota
SR. H. Wright, Inc., Fort Lauderdale

rida prestressed concrete assn.

3132 NORTHEAST 9TH STREET/FORT LAUDERDALE. FLORIDA

APRIL, 1961 3

G ERGORGE C.
RIFFIN O.
4201 St. Augustine Road
P.O. Box 10025, Jacksonville, Florida

Linl Talllahasse ...Al YaIes

i m.. .

Bunch and Reeder

Elected to Fellowship

Two Florida architects were select-
ed by the AIA Jury of Fellows for
advancement to Fellowship status at
the coming 1961 Philadelphia Con-
vention. They are FRANKLIN S.
BUNCH, Jacksonville Chapter, and
EDWIN T. REEDER, Florida South
Chapter. The Florida Architect offers
its congratulation to both.
Both of the newly-elected Fellows
have been active for many years in
AIA affairs at both chapter and FAA
levels. And both have also been
prominently concerned with a va-
riety of community activities. Frank-
lin S. Bunch, elected on the basis
of Service to The Institute and Public
Service, was born in Madison, Indi-
ana, but has been a resident of Jack-
sonville since 1918. A graduate of
the U/F College of Architecture, he
is currently a principal in the firm
of Kemp, Bunch and Jackson, formed
in 1946. His institute membership
dates from 1945.
He has served as a president of
the FAA, vice president of the Flori-
da Foundation for the Advancement
of Building and, for two terms, as
president of the Florida State Board
of Architecture. As a member of
many FAA committees he has been
instrumental in helping to form and
maintain FAA policies; and on two
occasions served as chairman of the
Florida Professions Committee dur-
ing important past legislative sessions.
His community activities include the
presidency of the Jacksonville Build-
ing Code Advisory Board. He is mar-
ried and the father of two sons.
Edwin T. Reeder was elected to
Fellowship on the basis of Public
Service. Born in Laurium, Michigan,
he has been a Florida resident since
the mid-thirties after graduating from
the architectural school of the Uni-
versity of Illinois. Prior to World
War II-in which he served with
distinction as a Captain in the famed
U.S. Naval Reserve Seabees-he was
a partner in the firm of Weed and
Reeder. He established his own office
in 1946 and now heads the archi-

FRANKLIN S. BUNCH, FAIA

tectural firm of The Edwin T. Reed-
er Associates in Miami. His institute
membership dates from 1943.
He is a past president of the
Florida South Chapter and has served
on many FAA committees. He was
a member of the technical commit-
tee that formed the South Florida
Building Code and is presently serv-
ing as a member of the Governor's
Committee for Community Growth
and as chairman of the Metro Dade
County Planning Advisory Board. He
is married and the father of one son.

m- .-
EDWIN T. REEDER, FAIA
THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

This is the recently completed
Skelly Oil Building, Tulsa. The
upper 15 stories are pre-cast
concrete curtain wall panels made
with grey, green and white
aggregates and Trinity White
portland cement. They are
generally 4'6" x 5' and 4'6" x 8'
in size.
The pierced grill surrounding
the second floor is 20' high. Panels
are 4' x 4' x 8". White aggregate
was used with the Trinity White.
The pre-cast exposed aggregate
panels (Mo-Sai) and grilles were
made by Harter Marblecrete
Stone Co., Oklahoma City. Black
& West, Tulsa, were the architects.
Ask for full color book,
"Curtain Wall Panels and
Facings." Address-
111 West Monroe St., Chicago.

4-

A Product of GENERAL PORTLAND CEMENT CO.
Chicago Chattanooga Dallas Fort Worth Houston Fredonia, Kansas Jackson, Michigan Tampa Miami Los Angeles
APRIL, 1961 5

Florida Professions Committee

Sets New Policy on Legislation

The Florida Professions Committee
has once more become an active or-
ganization to oppose, at this session
of the State Legislature, proposals
that may be made to hamstring the
activities of professional regulatory
boards as these are presently consti-
tuted. The Committee is composed
of nine professional Associations, in-
cluding the FAA, which act as coor-
dinating spokesmen for each profes-
sion. In combination these form a
group that in matters of policy can
accurately reflect the attitudes and
opinions of the great majority of our
professional men and women.
First formed some eight years ago,
the Committee maintains no formal
organization, permanent staff or op-
erating headquarters. It is entirely of
a cooperative nature; and its chief
function is to provide a clearing house

for information relative to legislation
which it believes to be detrimental
to the best interests of the Florida
public which the Committee's various
member groups serve. It has not been
active as such since the 1957 session
of the Legislature. Its purpose then
was to oppose adoption of Article IV
of the then-proposed blanket amend-
ment to the State Constitution. Pro-
visions of the amendments to Article
IV would have created a position
designated as "Director of Adminis-
trative Boards" with duties and a
scope of authority which could easily
have been employed to reduce all pro-
fessional regulatory boards to the
status of mere advisory groups to an
all-powerful bureaucratic head.
In 1957 the Committee achieved
its purpose. Article IV of the pro-
posed amendment did not contain

the portions to which the Committee
had voiced firm objections when the
Constitutional Amendment "package"
was rejected by referendum vote.
However, professional groups this
years are anticipating a situation very
similar to that of 1957. It appears
probable that bills will be presented
to legislators that, in effect, would
achieve the same sort of bureaucratic
control as that proposed in the 1957
constitutional amendment. Among
these is a "Uniform Administrative
Procedure Act". Alleged purpose of
this bill is to provide a ". uniform
standard of procedure to give citizens
more power to defend themselves in
disputes with state regulatory and li-
censing agencies." Study of these bills
by the Florida Professions Commit-
tee has resulted in the following state-
ment on policy with reference to any
proposed legislation seeking to estab-
lish uniform administrative procedures
for professional regulatory boards
"For years Florida's professional
groups have enjoyed a self-government
through the medium of their regula-
tory boards. At no cost to the State,
these boards have functioned to ad-
(Continued on Page 22)

THE MOST NOTEWORTH

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Hamilton Plywood of Jacksonville. Inc.
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THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

lniLL has ii!

Now you can specify the newer pastel
colors of brick with complete assurance of
uniform color no matter how large the ex-
panse of masonry wall. Merry Brick's Engin-
eered Color Control assures you too that later
additions will blend perfectly with the origi-
nal.
ECONOMY, CAPACITY
Color's economical in the larger Roman,
Norman, Norwegian, Six Inch Norwegian,

Utility, Economy, and Six Inch Jumbo sizes
which Merry offers in addition to modular
and standard sizes.
Merry Brothers can deliver any quantity
on schedule. Its new plant, solely for produc-
tion of pastel-colored brick, can turn out
100,000 eight-inch equivalents daily. More-
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put and continue serving the building in-
dustry promptly, efficiently, and economically.

Telephone or write for more information, or ask the
Merry Brick sales representative who calls on you.

,I, ,,IuLLn,4 nqhLA
inA4~~--ULq EA~~~
BjPu-k. d/nL TLUs 6~inviu1

APRIL, 1961

~Bc~4 .;~

Concrete "pleats" and precast"lace"

create a temple of delicate beauty

Only concrete could have inspired it. The serrated roof line
S .! and sunscreen facade bring to this contemporary house of worship
SS a stimulating, yet reverent beauty.
And despite its dainty, fragile look, the structure is built to
endure. All of concrete's lasting strength is there.
Today's architects find the versatility of concrete gives opportunity
Sfor design that is economically practical and dramatically different.
From the air, it's a lacy, shimmering fan. Con-
gregation B'nai Israel Synagogue of St. Peters-
burg, Florida. Architect: Frank G. Bonsey, St. PORTLAND CEMENT ASSOCIATION
Petersburg. Structural Engineer: Joseph C. Rus-
sello, Tampa, Florida. General Contractor: 1612 East Colonial Drive, Orlando, Florida
R. M. Thompson Company, Clearwater, Florida. A national organization to improve and extend the uses of concrete
8 THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

'Messae Frwom 7& C ...

"Operation

Progress"

By JOHN STETSON
Pre .denll Jlnr C:cerl-r I.E Ccunc.l Inc

Florida's construction industry, for
the most part, is completely devoid
of proper control and adequate pro-
tection for the public. Excepting the
legal, medical and real estate seg-
ments of our business and profes-
sional world, construction includes
total expenditures by the buying pub-
lic exceeding all other businesses
combined now under control by state
boards and acts governing and regu-
lating their operations. Our lien law
is a legal mess. Everyone admits it
needs a complete revision. Unquali-
fied persons go on year after year
constructing homes and buildings
with no adequate planning to assure
a safe occupancy by their owners or
the public. The greater land areas of
the state have no building codes of
any kind. Licensing, what there is,
is accomplished in a slipshod manner
requiring, too often, no knowledge of
building techniques.
Who is concerned about this? The
Joint Cooperative Council is cur-
rently sponsoring a legislative bill
authored by leaders in the state con-
struction industry to license all con-
tractors. Thus, for the first time, the
entire state would receive the same
protection as do several of the more
progressive counties' residents. The
act is written in a very fair manner,
guaranteeing contractors presently in
business the right to continue their
operations in their present locale. This
is often referred to as the "granddaddy
clause" but is most necessary to pro-
tect men long qualified in their par-
ticular fields. Later, as contractors
desire to spread their efforts afield,
it would be necessary to take an ex-
APRIL, 1961

amination to qualify them to operate
anywhere in the state. It is hoped that
this will eliminate the present multi-
tudinous examinations and licensing
qualifying now required by the com-
munities of Dade, Broward and Palm
Beach Counties, as an example, and
to permit a contractor to operate any-
where within the state with one quali-
fying license. He would naturally be
required to take out an annual city,
state and county occupational license;
however this has nothing to do with
the act.
Hurricane "Donna" clearly empha-
sized the necessity for permitting only
qualified contractors to build in our
state. Actually no area is completely
free of hurricane dangers and protec-
tion must be provided for life and in-
vestment. During the year it is hoped
that the Joint Cooperative Council
can assist the Hurricane Advisory
Committee established by the Inter-
nal Improvement Board in its efforts
to obtain a premium differential on
windstorm insurance for buildings
constructed by, and designed by, quali-
fied contractors and architects. By
the architect certifying that the build-
ing was designed to meet hurricane
wind and water dangers and that
it was built according to these de-
signs, and then by the contractor
similarly certifying to its construction,
the building owner would receive a
reduced premium rate and the insur-
ance company some assurance that
it had a safe risk. Those buildings not
"certified" would carry a premium
commensurate with their higher risk.
The only additional safety measure
would be for the State Hotel and

Restaurant Commission to require all
their licensed operations to be "cer-
tified," and the public could rest
assured that the state was adequately
offering them deserved protection.
During the coming year the Joint
Cooperative Council will make every
attempt to gain passage of the Con-
tractors Licensing Law, but even now
they are beginning their next project.
This will be a new lien law for the
state. This was begun several years
ago, but now needs action. The most
sensible suggestion to date is to scrap
everything we now have and begin
anew. To begin with, the architect
and the engineer need protection
which is not now apparent. Too many
promoters or outright welcherss" take
an option on a piece of property and
then incur heavy expenses on the
part of the architect or the engineer
on a contingency basis. The seller of
the property sometimes finds himself
with an expired option and an in-
volved legal tangle. Material suppliers
too often learn too late that a release
of lien has been given by a contractor
who has not paid his bills. If the
contractor decides to leave town about
this time, the material dealer has no
one to look to for payment.
A very simple solution has been
offered and will be the basis of a new
approach. This would require the
filing with the Clerk of Circuit Court
a paper on any property on which
work was planned. Usually this would
be filed by the designer (if he desires
protection). Each succeeding supplier
or contractor would affix his name
thereto (by ample proof of right)
(Continued on Page 23)

The

ABC's

of The

FAA...

a primer for politicians

Someone once observed that the
ideal committee would be composed
of three people-two to disagree and
one to make the decisions. And it may
have been a committeeman on the
losing side of a vote who voiced an-
other observation of the action-by-
committee system to the effect that,
"With enough power delegated to a
three-man committee, one man could
rule the world!"
Even the nameless genius who
devised the first committee would
undoubtedly regard such a conclu-
sion with horror. Legislators, particu-
larly, know the power than can re-
side in a small, but authoritative
group. But they also know the value
of the committee system; and they
have developed this system into an
organization of such effectiveness that
it vastly simplifies legislative routine
and virtually controls the mechanics
of law-making operations.
The committee idea, however, has
spread far beyond legislative cham-
bers and hearing rooms. It has been
expanded, refined, adjusted, variously
applied. It has been consumed by
the fire of conflict, controversy and
conversation; and out of this fire has
risen a phoenix of a new type-a kind
of super-committee called an Asso-
ciation. Like the committee idea, the
Association concept has spread to
almost every category of human ac-
tivity. To the extent that an Associa-
tion acts for its membership under
certain delegated and combined au-
thorities and within certain special
fields of activity and interest, it can
claim kinship to a committee. But
legislators, at least, properly recognize
a great difference between the two.
In spite of this recognition, many
of the values inherently a part of
Association organization, activity and
representation are not being utilized
by legislators to the fullest extent
possible-or even desirable. Associa-
tions today are more than fact-finding
10

bodies, more than sources of special
information relative to the technical
activities of trade or professional
groups. And they are certainly more
than lobbying fronts for pressure
groups that some legislators unfortu-
nately still regard them to be. Associa-
tions in general and Professional
Associations in particular-are formed
and continue to exist predominantly
on the basis of an ethical system that
is closely geared to a sincere, collec-
tive urge toward public service and
community improvement.
Basically, this is the same urge
that motivates legislators-the petti-
ness of "practical politics" notwith-
standing. Thus, the Association and
the legislator can, and should, be-
come partners under the skin. Each
has the same general objectives; and
each has experienced the generally
similar difficulties of attaining these
objectives. The teamwork of legis-
lators and Associations who have
realized this has accomplished great

things in the past-and will do the
same in the future. More than ever
now this "partnership" opportunity
exists in Florida. Our jet-speed growth
and the growing need for physical
developments to match it have cre-
ated problems of extraordinary size
and complexity.
How can this partnership be
formed? How can it work to the
benefit of the people and communi-
ties of our State? And what results
can we reasonably expect from this
joint interest and activity? Answers
can most easily be framed by using
an active Association-the Florida
Association of Architects-as an ex-
ample.
This year the FAA will hold its
47th Annual Convention. Its first
Convention was held in 1914 shortly
after the Association was incorpor-
ated in May of that year. Then there
were less than 100 architects prac-
ticing in Florida. Not all were of
similar stature relative to technical

THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

The Florida Association of Architects is not the only
professional association in our State. But it is one of
the very oldest and most active. It is not the largest in
our State; but through its various committees and the
very wide range of its professional interests and con-
tacts, it is a real and vital force in the progressive im-
provement of Florida communities Here, in brief
form, is a sketch of what the FAA is, how it works and
what it does. Like Legislators, the FAA's concern is
largely with affairs at the State level. Many problems
with which legislators must deal involve the safety and
welfare of the public; and many of these also involve
some facet of land improvement and building construc-
tion To aid in solving these problems in the best
interests of all concerned, the FAA invites full use of
its knowledge, experience and facilities .

ability, ethical behavior or communi-
ty interest. No legal standards of
technical competency existed; and
thus the public was largely at the
mercy of the less competent and less
scrupulous of those practicing, or
offering to practice, architecture.
Need for both ethical and techni-
cal standards was obvious; and it was
primarily to fill this need that the
FAA was first organized. It became
active immediately. Largely through
the efforts of the FAA a bill to
regulate the practice of architecture
was drafted and signed into law in
1915 as Chapter 467 of the Florida
Statutes.
The partnership between the FAA
and the legislators of Florida was
formed at that time. The basis for it
was service to the people of Florida;
and in establishing, with legislators,
a statute of self-regulation, the archi-
tectural profession in Florida not
only demonstrated its interest in the
public good, but bound its member-
ship to high standards of competency
as a continuing safeguard.
Development of the FAA has re-
flected the overall growth of the
State. Now, as when it was formed,
the FAA is the spokesman for the
architectural profession in Florida.
Though numerically small in com-
parison with the total membership
of the engineers, contractors, material
and product suppliers and the con-
struction trades that make up Flori-
da's huge building industry, archi-
tects occupy a unique position in that
industry. Their responsibilities are
varied and wide. They are, of course,
agents for owners of buildings and
thus are the dominant factor in the
design of buildings. In addition, other
elements of the building industry
look upon the architect as the co-
ordinator of the many and varied
trade activities and products neces-
sary in the production of any modern
structure. Thus, when architects
speak through the medium of their
professional association, the FAA,
every phase and segment of the build-
ing industry listens.
Thus, as representing the architec-
tural profession in Florida, the FAA
is in an excellent position to work
with legislators along many avenues
of public service. As a State Organiza-
tion of the American Institute of
Architects, it can offer Florida legis-
lative groups helpful information on
APRIL, 1961

many matters touching the construc-
tion industry relative to both policies
and procedures that have proved
practical and advantageous elsewhere.
Through the work of its various com-
mittees-currently there are 19 in-
cluding several of direct legislative
concern such as Community Develop-
ment, Government Relations, Re-
search, Hospitals and Health and
Schools and Educational Facilities-
the FAA can strengthen its working
partnership with legislative groups in
the support of a wide range of public
service programs.
Like most state Associations, the
FAA is composed of the various chap-
ters of the American Institute of
Architects in Florida. These are ten
in number; and in each one, indi'
viduals and various committee groups
are working at both community and
county levels to help solve local prob-
lems that involve their field of spe-
cialization and to aid in the enlight-
ened administration of local affairs.
These chapter activities reflect those
of the FAA at state levels. Thus in
the cooperative efforts of the FAA,
legislators can find not only an inti-
mate knowledge of local situations
and problems, but also an informed
comprehension of the part that local
matters necessarily must play in the
development of state-wide policies
and procedures.
All this suggests a constant and
close contact with all elements of the
building industry on the part of the
FAA and its component chapters.
This is one of the most significant of
FAA activities. Among its working
groups are liaison committees with
other design professions, with en-
gineers, with contractors and -
through the FAA's participation in
the program of the Joint Coopera-
tive Council, Inc.-with home build-
ers and material suppliers. The FAA's
architect-members have been instru-
mental in efforts, with members of
the Associated General Contractors
chapters in Florida, to solve some of
the problems connected with bidding
procedures. They are taking active part
in the current movement, now indus-
try-wide, to replace Florida's present,
woefully inadequate lien law with a
new, workable, easily-understood sta-
tute that will provide fair protection
to all concerned with any building
project.
Through one of its committees the

FAA has been active in preparing
the draft of a bill for the establish-
ment of a Contractors Licensing law.
Another has been active in working
with the State Department of Educa-
tion in both administrative and tech-
nical matters. Still others work with
a wide variety of groups in such
special interest fields as the preserva-
tion of our State's historic buildings,
urban redevelopment, professional
education, and zoning.
Thus the interests and activities
of the FAA encompass a very broad
range of subject matter that is also
the concern of the Florida legislature.
Perhaps more than ever before, the
FAA is ready and able to work with
legislators in supporting progressive
actions in any of the many phases
of its professional concern. To shape
this possibility into a program of
practical cooperation a new FAA
Committee on Government Rela-
tions has recently been established. Its
chairman, ANTHONY L. PULLARA, of
Tampa, has already organized his
committeemen as legislative contacts
throughout the state. Theirs is the
job of developing and maintaining
liaison with local legislators; and the
purpose of the new FAA Committee
is to make available to legislative
committees or individual legislators
whatever advice and counsel may be
helpful relative to any matter that
touches the field of the committee's
professional sphere.
It has an important additional pur-
pose. Many agencies of our State
Government are in some measure
concerned with building construction.
Since this concern automatically in-
volves contact with some phase of
architectural service, the Committee
has been organized to function not
only as a liaison with such govern-
mental groups, but also as a source
of specialized assistance on matters
of operating policy and of advice on
the development of programs.
Thus the FAA is now more than
ever openly available as a working
partner not only to legislators, gov-
ernmental agencies and administra-
tive officers. It gladly offers its
interest and facilities to any state-
level group for the promotion of any
worthwhile program wherein its spe-
cialized professional background may
prove helpful and that has been de-
signed as a valid service to the public
of Florida.

the medallion that has
a magnetic pull!

The MEDALLION HOME program helps sell more
homes faster!
In the FP&L service area, twice as many Medallion
Homes and Apartment Units were certified in 1960
as in 1959.
Architects will be benefitted by the 50 million dol-
lars being spent nationally during 1961 alone on the
Medallion Home promotion.
The campaign pre-sells builders and home-buyers
and offers architects an incentive for up-grading resi-
dential standards for Better Living, Electrically.
Here's what makes a MEDALLION HOME:
1. ALL-ELECTRIC KITCHEN with clean, cool, flameless
electric range and at least three other major electric
appliances, including a safe, flameless electric water
heater for precious peace of mind.
2. FULL HOUSEPOWER 100-200 amp wiring
for the convenience of modern electric living.
3. LIGHT FOR LIVING -ample light planned
for comfort, safety and beauty.

Find out how you can profit by par-
ticipating in the MEDALLION HOME
program which offers valuable promo-
tional aids. Just call any FP&L office
for complete details.
FLORIDA POWER & LI6HT CO.
HELPING BUILD FLORIDA

THE FLORIDA ARCHIam elessTECT

THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

How Climate Makes The Man

By DR. CLARENCE A. MILLS
University of Cincinnati

Climate Makes The Man-and also
un-makes him-just as truly today
as when my book of that title was
published in 1942. Nikita Khruschev's
recent visits to America only high-
lighted the fact that far-northern
people are now being pushed vigor-
ously forward in world affairs by the
same rising earth temperatures that
are slowly sapping the energies of
mid-temperate man.
Rarely is man afforded the oppor-
tunity to witness and recognize with-
in a single life span an epochal change
such as is presently in progress. Rus-
sia's rise to greatness should be
recognized for what it is-a basic
biologic response to the forces of
climatic change, forces which have
been dominating human populations
through all recorded history.
My requested "lead" article in
Science a decade ago "Temperature
Dominance Over Man," (Sept. 16,
1949) presented a summarized word
picture of this shifting climatic domi-
nance and of the body responses
upon which it is based. This article
was accorded foreign language re-
publication in both lay and scientific
media. No new findings have since
arisen to challenge the validity of
this temperature dominance concept.
Much study and speculation have
centered around the possible cause
of these shifts in earth temperatures.
Most significant have been the pains-
taking researches of Ewing and Donn
(Science, 123, 1001-6, 1956 and
127, 1159-62, 1958) so aptly sum-
marized by Frieden in Harpers Maga-
zine (September, 1958). Ewing and
Donn point to the shallow oceanic
connection between Atlantic and
Arctic waters, extending across the
gap from Greenland to Norway, as
the thermostat governing swings be-
tween Ice Age and Inter-Glacial
warmth. When the Atlantic waters
flowing over this shelf into the
APRIL, 1961

otherwise almost land-locked Arctic
are too shallow, the Arctic remains
permanently frozen and cannot sup-
ply the vaporized moisture needed
to build up or maintain the Polar
Ice Cap. Summer meetings are then
not fully replaced by winter snows,
so there occurs a slow net shrinkage
in the ice cap and a resulting slow
rise in ocean level. This increases the
mixing of warmer Atlantic waters
across the Greenland-Norway shelf,
and brings on a gradual melting and
opening of the ice-locked Arctic.
At the peak of the last Ice Age-
roughly 12,000 to 15,000 years ago-
the oceans were 300 to 400 feet
below present levels. The Greenland-
Norway shelf is now less than 300
feet under water; hence, for many
centuries at the peak of the last Ice
Age, no warmer Atlantic waters
reached the Arctic Ocean which then
remained permanently frozen and
unable to supply vaporized moisture
to maintain the ice cap. Summer
thaws and run-off gradually returned
the ice-cap water to raise ocean

levels and to restore the flow of warm-
er Atlantic waters in to melt the
long-frozen Arctic. Here is where
we are at the present moment-with
a gradual year-by-year shrinkage and
thinning of the Arctic ice and a
further anticipated rise in general
ocean level-before the open Arctic
waters can again supply enough va-
porized moisture as winter snows to
re-start the Ice Cap accumulation and
initiate another Ice Age.
Ewing and Donn found adequate
evidence of extensive human habita-
tions along the unfrozen Arctic shores
preceding the time-12,000 to 15,000
years ago-when other evidences also
pointed to a cessation of Atlantic-
Arctic mixing of waters across the
Greenland-Norway shelf and a per-
manent freezing-over of Arctic waters.
While polar snows from the open
Arctic Ocean were building up the
Ice Cap which pushed southward as
far as the present Missouri and Ohio
Rivers, ocean levels were falling from
loss of all this vaporized moisture,
(Continued on Page 14)

PART II This is the concluding part of the address
by Dr. Clarence A. Mills at the 46th Annual FAA Con-
vention that keynoted the Convention's theme, "Man,
Climate and the Architect". In Part I, which was pub-
lished in last month's issue, Dr. Mills described the
overall effect of hot climate environments on animals
and man, cited various experimental and analytical con-
clusions to illustrate his point that cold climates promote
energy, warm climates languour, and developed a brief
translation of these conclusions in terms of the social
and economic developments of the future that he
believes are probable. His main thesis is that climate
has a definite, measurable effect on man. Thus, means
for producing a climatic environment most favorable
to man becomes a controlling basis for architectural
design and building construction.

Climate Makes The Man...
(Continued from Page 13)
bringing on eventually a cessation of
mixing of Atlantic and Arctic waters
and an Arctic freeze-up.
Asiatic migrants, who had crossed
the Behring Strait at low-water and
flourished during the later centuries
of the un-frozen Arctic were forced
southward down the milder-climate
Pacific shores as the Arctic freeze-up
came on 12,000 to 15,000 years ago.
Within a few centuries they had
reached the tip of South America
and spread eastward over both con-
tinents.
There now seems little reason to
doubt the validity of this picture of
man's spread over the Americas from
the original Behring Strait invasion
or of the changing climatic forces
driving him onward. There seems
little reason to doubt, also, that these
same climatic forces are actually at
work today, again opening up an
Arctic Ocean largely ice-locked for
the last 12,000 to 15,000 years. Dur-
ing the long un-freezing of Arctic
waters-already well started-and the
untold centuries of new build-up of
the polar ice cap by snows from
the open Arctic Ocean, the north-
ward sloping plains of North America
and Asia can expect great climatic
amelioration and a short but effec-
tive crop-growing season. Low-lying
portions of these northern continental
slopes will be flooded by the rise in
ocean level yet to be anticipated.
Sharp shrinkage in size of the polar
ice fields will lessen the number and
vigor of polar cold air masses sweep-
ing southward into temperate regions,
so that the present semi-tropical cli-
mates of southern Europe and the
U.S.A. will expand well northward
to sap the energies of the engulfed
populations. Far northern peoples, on
the other hand, will respond to their
climatic amelioration by an out-pour-
ing of energy always seen in past
human history to take place under
such circumstances.
These climatic changes will bene-
fit the people of Canada and the
Scandinavian countries, but the one
really large population mass to be
benefitted will be the Russian. Per-
haps we should no longer put it into
the future tense, for this climatic
amelioration is already well along
and is most likely pacing the amaz-

ing developments of recent decades
in Russia. Fearful-and with good
reason-of being smothered by West-
ern industrial nations during their
post-revolutionary "childhood" period
the Russians seem finally to have
reached national adult stature and
to have acquired the confidence that
realization of their strength was bound
to bring. In this new-found strength,
they feel it safe to mix freely again
with the Western nations, to take a
leading part in easing world tensions
and in solving world problems.
Biologically, the future centuries
of climatic amelioration would seem
to favor the far-northern peoples at
the expense of those of present tem-
perate latitudes, with a sharp pole-
ward surge of the human energy and
initiative upon which world leader-
ship is based. Russia has a long and
rosy future ahead, therefore, if she
succeeds in solving her internal prob-
lems with the same effectiveness she
has exhibited in outer space projects.

In a survey currently in progress
we find the optimal climate for man
in North America to have shifted
from the Chicago-New York latitude
well northward to the Montreal-Otta-
wa-Winnipeg latitude within the last
few decades of Arctic warming-up. A
similar pole-ward shift in the human
optimum is taking place in Russia,
Scandinavia and the other Baltic
countries of Europe.
Is it expecting too much to hope
that very serious consideration be
given to these broad aspects of chang-
ing climates and their effects upon
human energy and population masses?
Must history-in-the-making always be
a history of destructive conflict, of
blind failure to evaluate properly the
basic forces at work? Why not add
to these years of remarkable inter-
national collaboration in geo-physics
a similar collaboration in clarifying
the human responses to climate and
climatic changes upon which so much
of human history depends?

Control of Indoor Climates...

The winter heating phase of indoor
climate control dates far back in an-
tiquity and its increasing mastery
through the centuries has allowed
man a fairly comfortable existence
well out into colder temperate lati-
tudes. Hot-weather and hot-climate
difficulty in body heat loss, however,
is man's major handicap, holding well
over half of the human race down
to a low level of vitality and accom-
plishment. Only in the last few
decades has corrective air condition-
ing offered effective relief from this
depressive warmth. With all its drafti-
ness and costly operation, it has al-
lowed man a welcome indoor cool-
ness and a more active life amid pre-
vailing outdoor heat.
Unfortunately, the transport of
heat to or from the body as heated
or cooled air (conventional air con-
ditioning) is not in harmony with
the body's own natural heat loss
mechanism. The normally comfort-
able non-perspiring person is in large
part a heat radiator, radiating off
roughly 60 per cent of his waste
heat and losing about 25 per cent
and 15 per cent, respectively, by
evaporation of insensible perspiration
and by direct air warming. As radiant
and convective heat loss channels be-

come inadequate, perspiration be-
comes active and the individual turns
to evaporative cooling-but this is a
reserve mechanism quite outside the
realm of comfort.
Recognition that air conditioning
was not developing along natural
physiologic lines led me to begin my
researches into radiant conditioning
in the "mid-thirties" and to conduct
intensive field tests in an actual resi-
dence opened in 1950 at Reflection
Point in Cincinnati. Briefly stated,
here is a word picture of the Re-
flective Radiant Conditioning which
today offers the most nearly ideal
indoor comfort system available.
1-Solar Screening Externally, to
exclude the sun's heat in summer and
put it to use in winter (in ways
already so familiar to you Florida
Architects).
2-Infrared Reflective Surfacing
Inside, by Milium draw drapes over
glassed areas and by color-lacquered
and embossed foil wall paper on ceil-
ings and outside walls (floors and
inside walls of conventional materials
and decoration).
3-Pressurizing, Ventilating, Non-
Recirculating Electrosatically Filtered
Air Input to provide 1.0 to 1.6 com-
THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

plete changes per hour of all-outdoor
air to meet code or desired ventilation
requirements, to exclude outdoor dirt
and fumes through active ex-filtration
of the entire structure, and to afford
complete control of indoor humidity
independently of needed heat input
or removal.
4-Radiant Heat Input or Removal
to satisfy comfort requirements in
all rooms through the use of ceiling-
suspended valence-type plate coils for
heated or cooled fluid circulation
from water heater or chiller, with
completely automatic controls for im-
perceptible modulation to meet ex-
ternal temperature fluctuations.
5-Standard Types Only of Heat-
ing, Cooling, and Control Equipment
for the circulating fluid line and the
pressurizing air input.
In most American cities today ad-
vancing atmospheric pollution has
rendered the outdoor air unfit for
indoor ventilating needs except after
the best electrostatic filtration. This
is particularly true in urban areas of
heavy motor traffic where ozone
smogs are rapidly increasing in fre-
quency and density. Open window
ventilation simply must be abandoned
in favor of pressurizing, exfiltrating,
mechanical air-moving systems, if we
are to exclude outdoor dirt and
fumes from our indoor environment.
Perhaps you people here in resort-
minded Florida will not take kindly
to this idea, but just observe as I did
the dirt deposited on a car parked
for 2 or 3 days at an ocean front
hotel. The salt spray problem alone
is almost sufficient to warrant such
cleansing of indoor ventilating air
for coastal locations.
The indoor climatic perfection
attainable under such a radiant con-
ditioning system is without percepti-
ble drafts or air currents even in
areas of heavy occupancy-and it
operates at sharply reduced cooling
and heating costs as compared to
conventional air conditioning. It
sharply lessens the structural require-
ments facing the architect, since in-
door and outdoor control of radiant
heat becomes largely a surface rather
than a mass function. It favors light-
weight construction, with almost un-
limited glassed areas (single, not
double glazed) so long as proper
solar screening is employed. It leads
to an unexpected relaxed type of in-
APRIL, 1961

door life, where you can come and go
from the sheltered environment as
you wish--no windows to close and
reopen with every absence or passing
rainstorm, no window or door screens
to maintain-simply constant indoor
perfection regardless of outdoor
weather vagaries or climatic extremes.
I realize full well that all this is
completely contrary to all your efforts
to build around your climate's good
points. However, your structure can
still have its views and its outdoor
patios and gardens. Already most of
your commercial structures demand
full indoor control; and I feel certain
this trend will spread rapidly also in
the residential field. In your schools

it is almost mandatory, if you would
provide an optimal environment for
student brain function. With the-
ever increasing problems of school
space for the growing population, it
seems likely that year-round, two-
shifts-a-day operation of completely
conditioned school buildings will
soon be widely adopted.
I have placed strong emphasis upon
the occupant's needs for an active
and vital existence within the shelters
you architects provide. You have other
structural problems also esthetic,
economic, hygenic. But none outrank
the occupant's physical and mental
welfare as he goes on through life's
decades.

The author in his experimental house at Reflection Point. The house, which
faces south and overlooks Cincinnati and the Ohio River, embodies the first
reflective radiant conditioning installation. In this structure the heating and
cooling coils lie in the indirect lighting cove. In systems installed within
recent years, decorative plate coils, ceiling suspended, have replaced the
cove structure to provide radiant heat transfer within rooms. Separate cir-
culating systems and controls supply brine to the room coils and to the
dehumidifying coil in air intake.

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THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

News & Notes,

The AIA Endorses New Federal

Urban Development Program

The Executive Committee of AIA's
Board of Directors has backed the
housing and community development
message of PRESIDENT JOHN F. KEN-
NEDY as a "vital and long-awaited
program to restore the vigor of Amer-
ica's cities and protect the 75 percent
of our national income which they
produce."
Speaking for the board which met
in Philadelphia early last month to
discuss the April convention on urban
design, AIA President PHILLIP WILL,
JR., said the AIA's 136 chapters and
14,000 members will be asked to
support the program in their com-
munities.
"For the first time," Mr. Will said,
"we see a clear recognition of our
most important domestic problem at
the highest level of government-
and one whose elements are stated
in the correct order."
President Kennedy listed his ad-
ministration's housing and community
development objectives as (1) re-
newal and sound growth of cities and
metropolitan areas, (2) provision of
adequate housing for all Americans,
and (3) encouragement of a prosper-
ous and efficient construction indus-
try as an essential component of the
economy.
The President's message to Con-
gress came as a matter of timely in-
terest to the AIA Board since the
purpose of its meeting was to review
plans for the convention theme "Re-
designing Urban America." The con-
vention will be held in Philadelphia
April 24-28 at the Bellevue Stratford
Hotel.
In a press conference called to an-
nounce the profession's support, Mr.
Will singled out for emphasis the
President's statement that America's
cities, to recapture their economic
health, must woo back middle and
upper-income residents, strengthen
cultural and recreation facilities, pro-
vide close-in space for business and
industry, and develop effective rapid
transit.
"This is a remarkably clear state-
APRIL, 1961

ment of the need," Mr. Will said.
"The city cannot survive as a place
of residence for only the lowest in-
come families. Nor will pre-occupa-
tion with housing alone restore the
city. Neglected and obsolete business
buildings, aging and outworn com-
munity facilities, loss of amenity, and
strangulation by traffic have created
urban slums and swelled the exodus
to suburbia, the refuge for the great
displaced middle class. To date our
urban renewal efforts have been too
narrow and miserly to revitalize down-
town, and our mortgage insurance
policies have encouraged rather than
slowed the flight to the suburbs and
the wasteful consumption of open
land.
"Consequently, it is particularly
heartening to us the professionals
who must translate social needs and
materials into design and structure-
that Mr. Kennedy's program promises
to reverse this damaging process by
concentrating urban renewal and
housing insurance funds in the cities
themselves to cover business as well
as residential properties."
Mr. Will urged broad public as
well as professional support for the
White House recommendation that
an "effective and comprehensive plan-
ning process" be established in each
metropolitan area to plan common
services and needs.
"It is important," he said, "that
the President speaks of increasing the
total sum and Federal share of com-
munity planning grants. But it is
equally important that the Federal
government is willing to accommo-
date and encourage area-wide plan-
ning which, to be effective, often cuts
across local political boundaries.
"Highway planning, restoration of
the business district, preservation of
open space, airport location, water
and air pollution, lending and insur-
ing for private and public housing-
all of these activities are part of the
legitimate design and planning pro-
cess in any typical urban area. Their
effective coordination is of paramount

importance and it can only be accom-
plished by political recognition at
every level of government."
Also singled out for specific praise
by the AIA President were Mr. Ken-
nedy's proposals for a Cabinet-level
Department of Housing and Urban
Affairs, freedom of design in housing
projects, Federal urban transportation
studies, and research, education, and
training of skilled manpower in the
fields of housing and urban problems.
"These are all pieces in the great
mosaic of the American city which
we must bring out of ugliness, chaos,
and poverty," Mr. Will said. "It can
and must be done if we are to protect
what we have now and build for a
population which will come close to
doubling in the next 40 years. Archi-
tects throughout the nation are grap-
pling with these problems now,
though not alone. They work in
collaboration with city planners, en-
gineers, builders, and other important
specialists who contribute to shaping
the urban environment and who
now have a renewed obligation to
work together in a common cause.
This is the new architecture of our
time and the most challenging design
problem in any nation's history. It
takes many skills and resources. Not
the least of these is understanding on
the part of government. To find this
understanding now at the highest
level of government is heartening
news indeed to the professional
architect."

CSI Announces Policy on
Contract Bidding Procedures
The controversy relative to bidding
methods-single vs separate contracts
-has recently been the subject of
thoughtful consideration by the Con-
struction Specifications Institute. A
policy has finally been developed; and
the following statement was released
by WILLIAM A. RUSSELL, Secretary
of the Greater Miami Chapter, CSI.
"The Construction Specifications
Institute is vitally concerned with
bidding procedures, awarding of
contracts, and pre-qualifications of
bidders. In common with other pro-
fessional and technical organizations,
(Continued on Page 18)

~p ;-"; ~"

News & Notes--
Continued from Page 17)
including contractor groups, the In-
stitute is aware of the many problems
involved in the proper handling of
these functions.
"Being so concerned, CSI cannot
ignore claims and counter claims,
with respect to proper bidding proce-
dures, proposed by some organiza-
tions. When, in its judgment, such
claims are excessive, the Institute is
compelled to respond and to point
out that, in the best interests of the
public and of the construction indus-
try, CSI does not believe that any one
procedure can be recommended to
the exclusion of others.
"Therefore, whereas CSI under-
stands that under some circumstances
the awarding of separate contracts for
general construction, mechanical and
electrical work has merit, there are
other cases in which this method may
not be the best for protecting the
owner's interests.
"The Construction Specifications
Institute believes that, in a construc-
tion undertaking where undivided
responsibility for coordination, con-
trol and completion is essential, a
single contract would quite probably
prove to be the most efficient and the
most economical".

Office Practice Committee
Announces Subjects For
1961 Seminar Program
EARL M. STARNES, co-chairman
with ROBERT H. LEVISON of the
FAA's Office Practice Committee has
released information of the time,
place and subject for the third annual
Office Practice Seminar. Place will
be Tampa-with a specific location
to be announced later. Time will be
Saturday, June 10, 1961. If this year's
session follows the precedent of the
last two, the meeting will start
promptly at 9:00 AM and will be
organized into two, tightly-packed
three-hour sessions.
Subject of this year's Seminar will
be just as practical and informative
as others. There will be a discussion
of the relationship between archi-
tectural students and practicing
architects with undoubtedly some
consideration given to the increas-
ingly important architect-in-training
program of the AIA. Another section
of the Seminar will be devoted to

problems involving coordination of
engineering in production of work.
Two other subjects of importance
will round out the program. One is
the new AIA General Conditions; the
other deals with the general question
of the architect's overall legal respon-
sibilities and will include a specific
discussion of architects' liability in-
surance. As in past seminars, the
Committee plans to present a speaker
to summarize the various aspects of
the program.
In discussing the program Chair-

man Starnes had this to say:
"We think that this year's Seminar
will top the two past ones, good as
those were. It is going to be a highly
informative session directed toward
serving the interests of our FAA
membership in some very important
aspects of architectural practice. _We
are now making arrangements for
speakers on each subject and will
announce the detailed program soon."
He urged architects to remember
the Seminar date-June 10, at
Tampa and plan to attend.

Blueprint of A Fallacy...
"Blueprint for Better Schools" is the title of an elaborate
and large (19"x15" 24 pages) three-color brochure recently issued
by the National Lumber Manufacturers Association. It presents what
the text calls ". three basic junior high school concept designs"-
one a "compact" structure for level sites, another a "hillside" unit,
and the third a "pavilion" type for those who are attracted to
"random campus planning."
The Association characterizes this brochure as ". part of
a newly available, complete school design program." We would be
more inclined to characterize it as a high-powered promotion for
S stock school plans. A careful survey of the brochure and the publicity
release sent with it would certainly suggest that the Association
had gone into the business of architectural design in terms of stock
S school plans. The architectural firm that worked up the remarkably
complete sketches in the brochure-all of which, naturally, have
been designed for construction in wood-have unfortunately lent
a considerable talent to promoting what the AIA has been trying
to discourage for many years-nationally and in almost every region
through individual chapters and state organizations.
The architects are Cooper and Auerbach of Washington, D. C.
One member of the firm, Seymour Auerbach, is listed in the AIA
membership list of 1960 as a corporate member of the Washington-
Metropolitan Chapter with a membership dating from 1956. He
and his partner-who is not listed in the AIA membership list-
may have been sincere in carrying out their assignment of examining
". .. how lumber, timbers, laminated beams and other wood
products could be economically and intelligently used in the design
and construction of schools." But the end result is the presentation
of stock school plans-a presentation smooth enough to excite the
attention of certain short-sighted state legislators and school board
chairmen all over the country. These are the ones who have been
advocating use of stock school plans. These are the individuals who
want to "economize" on school construction-without thinking
what this would do to the educational system-by "saving" the
architect's fee.
Unwittingly or not, the National Lumber Manufacturers
Association and its firm of architects have played directly into the
hands of these stock school plan advocates. What they have
S developed in this brochure is an educational will-of-the-wisp that
| has proved costly and impractical wherever it has been tried.
Thus, from the viewpoint of sound educational economics such a
presentation of stock plans might more accurately be titled "Blue-
S print of a Fallacy."

THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

A-Bomb Shelters To Be
Subject of U/F Workshops
The design and evaluation of per-
sonnel shelters against radioactive fall-
out will be the subjects for three
workshop seminars to be held this
spring under the sponsorship of the
Office of Civil Defense and Mobiliza-
tion. Workshops will be conducted
largely by faculty members of the Uni-
versity of Florida who recently were
given an intensive two-weeks training
at the OCDM Staff College at Battle
Creek, Michigan. Workshops will be
conducted in Miami April 21 and 22,
in Memphis, Tennessee, May 12 and
13, and in Atlanta, Georgia, May
26 and 27.
The Miami workshop will be held
at the Dade County Civil Defense
Center, 5600 S.W. 87th Avenue, and
will be moderated by SHERIFF T. J.
KELLY, Dade County Director of
Civil Defense, and VICTOR PERROTTA,
OCDM Regional Engineer. U/F
personnel who will conduct the work-
shop include M. H. JOHNSON, Depart-
ment of Architecture, KING ROYER,
Department of Building Construc-
tion, and WILLIAM GRANTHAM,

Department of Civil Engineering.
Objective of these workshops is to
inform architects and engineers of
the potential need for protection
against radioactive fallout in case of a
nuclear attack. In addition, specific
instruction will be given in means of
evaluating the radiations expected
and methods of protecting people by
use of existing structures adapted for
necessary shielding. Part of the work-'
shop will also deal with methods of
incorporating shelter designs into new
structures of all types.
Architects and engineers in all sec-
tions of the State are invited to attend
the Miami workshop. Brochures and
registration forms will be sent to
those in the lower east coast area.

Now Hear This .
Construction's on the Move!
Contracts for future construction
rose 13 per cent in January of this
year to $2,485,050,000, a new all-
time high for the month, according
to a recent release from the F. W.
Dodge Corporation received here too
late for publication in the March
issue. The release said that the Janu-
ary gain in contracts marked the

sixth consecutive month to show an
increase over year-earlier levels.
DR. GEORGE CLINE SMITH, the
Dodge organization's chief economist,
said that all three major construction
categories non-residential building,
residential building and heavy en-
gineering-contributed to the rise.
Some months ago he had voiced the
expectation that construction would
prove to be one of the brightest
spots on the economy during 1961
and might well prove instrumental in
reversing the past few months' de-
cline in general business activity.
The high level of contracts in Janu-
ary lends support to that conviction.
Non-residential building contracts
in January were up one percent over
a year ago. Sharp gains were reported
in contracts for hospitals and for
public buildings with a modest in-
crease registered for educational
buildings. The total for residential
buildings in January this year was
five percent greater than in January
1960. Most of the gain, however,
was accounted for by a sharp rise in
contracts for apartment buildings and
hotels. The volume of single-family
homes continued below the year-
earlier level.

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P.O. BOX 151, HOUSTON, TEXAS Phone CApitol 4-0616

News & Notes
(Continued from Page 19)

State Board Proposed
for Landscape Architects
Sponsored by the Florida Chapter
of the American Society of Landscape
Architects a bill will be introduced
early in the 1961 Legislative session
to establish The Florida Board of
Landscape Architects. If it is passed
and signed into law, Florida will be
the sixth state to have adopted any
sort of regulatory measure for the
practice of Landscape Architecture.
According to an ASLA Florida
Chapter spokesman, the bill as drawn
has the enthusiastic support of the
Florida Federation of Garden Clubs.
It has also been reported that the
powerful Florida Nurserymen and
Growers Association has expressed
no dissatisfaction to its various pro-
visions and does not plan to oppose
its passage through the Legislature.
In its present form this bill repre-
sents long and earnest work on the
part of the legislative committee of
the ASLA Florida Chapter, chair-
manned by BAILEY O. BREEDLOVE

of Fort Lauderdale. Many of its pro-
visions were adapted from those ap-
pearing in statutes of other states,
notably New York, Georgia, Cali-
fornia and Louisiana. Certain sec-
tions also were adapted from the
Florida statutes regulating the prac-
tices of both architecture and en-
gineering.
At present there are some fifty
people in Florida who are practicing
Landscape Architecture according to
the definition of this practice that ap-
pears in the first section of the bill.
In common with most legislative pro-
posals of similar character, this meas-
ure contains a "grandfather clause,"
permitting registration as a Landscape
Architect of individuals now ". ..
regularly engaged in the practice of
landscape architecture as a principal
livelihood."

AIA Award of Merit for
Weed-Johnson Associates
The Miami firm of WEED-JOHNSON
ASSOCIATES was the only Florida firm
picked by the 1961 AIA Honor
Awards jury for an example of design
that ". went far beyond mere
competence and achieved true sig-

nificance." The jury gave an Award
of Merit to the Office and Warehouse
for the Coppertone Corporation in
Miami. This building also received a
similar award at the FAA's 46th An-
nual Convention exhibit last year at
Hollywood.
The AIA jury selected seven build-
ings for First Honor Awards. Awards
of Merit were accorded to eleven
others.

Central Florida Approves
Four-Hour Bidding Plan
The Four-Hour Bid Plan for han-
dling sub-bids in Central Florida
areas has received approval in prin-
ciple from general contractors, sub-
contractors and suppliers, according
to a recent news letter from the
Central Florida Chapter of the AGC.
The plan has received formal approval
of the AGC, the Orange County
General Contractors Association and
the board of directors of the Central
Florida Builders Exchange.
AGC members, working with com-
mittees of subcontractors and material
suppliers, are hopeful that a bid de-
pository system can be worked out
to permit the four-hour plan to be-

Concealed

Telephone

Wiring... built-in

Salesmanship

What do people look for today when
they buy a home? Of course they want
comfort and "livability," but they
want much more than that. They want
convenience the convenience of the
latest improvements, like
telephone planning.
May we show you how easy it is to let
modern concealed telephone wiring
help to sell the home or subdivision
you are designing. Just call your
Southern Bell Business Office.

Southern Bell

T... HE FLORIDA ARCHIT
THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

come generally operative in the very
near future. The plan is now in
effect in both Jacksonville and Brow-
ard County.

Women In Construction
Plan Four-Chapter Forum
Florida now has four chapters of
Women in Construction, a national
association of women who earn their
living in various phases of the con-
struction industry. The Tampa Chap-
ter, of which MARY ROGERS is presi-
dent, is planning to stage a day-long
Forum dedicated to the mutual in-
terests of the membership. Chapters
in Jacksonville, Daytona Beach and
Miami have been invited to attend
and participate. Two officials of the
national organization, FRANCES CRAB-
TREE and MARTHA KNOWLES will be
speakers at Forum sessions which will
be conducted by Mary Rogers.
Detailed information relative to
any phase of the Forum-which will
be held May 6, 1961-can be ob-
tained from FRANCES MABRY, chair-
man of the Tampa Chapter's Forum
Committee. Her address is, 3000 San
Nicholas, Tampa 9, Florida.

38th Annual Golf Day
Set for June Sixteenth
The F. Graham Williams Com-
pany is now planning its 38th An-
nual Golf Tournament and Dinner
for Friday, June 16th, 1961, at the
East Lake Country Club in Atlanta,
according to a recent communica-
tion from the company's chairman,
F. GRAHAM WILLIAMS. As in past
years the Tournament is open to all
architects and architectural drafts-
men in the southeast.

Changes .
JOHN PIERCE STEVENS, AIA, an-
nounces the opening of an office
for the practice of general architec-
ture at 5557 Arlington Road, Jack-
sonville.
Some changes have been made in
the Convention Committee of the
Palm Beach Chapter, according to a
recent announcement of President
HAROLD A. OBST. He has withdrawn
from the Committee as co-chairman;
and KENNETH JACOBSON has been
named its general chairman. JEFF-
ERSON N. POWELL, first named as a
member of the Program Sub-commit-
tee has resigned. His place will be
taken by SAMUEL OGREN, JR.
APRIL, 1961

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ATTENTION: Architects, Electrical Engineers, Contractors and Design Consultants.

DESIGNERS

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Yes, in over a hundred schools, students' eyesight is being preserved
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an indirect way, our fixtures are helping to build a better America-
for better lighting makes better schools; better schools produce better
students; and better students create better communities. This is a
facet of our business that we have taken a great deal of time and
trouble to develop to perfection, and can offer you 4 different types
of fixtures. All have been highly praised and have never been ques-
tioned where productive lighting is measured. 411 are ideally suited
to their eventual surroundings, and are competitively priced. This suc-
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in stock, the special design services we offer, the prompt delivery,
and the moderate prices, make Sta-Brite your first choice, your nat-
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Florida Professions ...
(C.,,-i.l .i.. from Page 6)
minister statutes through policies
wisely geared to requirements, tech-
niques and customs peculiar to each
professional group.
"Furthermore, these boards have
proved effective in curbing violations
of the statutes. Thus they have devel-
oped into efficient and economical
units of governmental administration
primarily and effectively protecting
thl. welfare of the public.
"Any type of uniform administra-
tive procedure would change this. The
practical effect would be to establish
a new, unnecessary and costly layer
of government. The result would be
an administration administering ad-
ministrators.
"The establishment of uniform ad-
ministrative procedures would, on one
hand, create a bureaucratic secretariat
of political character; and on the
:Ithc iffcctih L i nullify the principles
of wlf-rigulation which our profes-
sional groups have struggled so long
to establish, maintain and perfect.
Carried to a logical conclusion they
would:
I .Strip all boards of most of their
present authorities.
2...Replace the seasoned understand-
ing and balanced judgment of pro-
fessional experience and knowledge
with bureaucratic and arbitrary
rules and regulations hkich is not
in the best interest of the public
welfare.
3...Materially increase costs of stat-
ute administration by superimpos-
ing a new membrance of staff and
procedure on present regulatory
board operations.
4...Remove the operation of regula-
tory boards from necessarily close
contact with activities and devel-
opment of professional groups.
5...Open the door wide to the possi-
bilities of flagrant political abuse."
This policy statement has been rati-
fied by all groups that currently make
up The Florida Profissionm Commit-
tee. With proper implementation of
this policy through active committee
of each professional group, it should
provide a strong basis for opposing
any legislation which would tend,
even in small measure, to reduce the
service of safeguarding the public
that regulatory boards of each pro-
fessional group are so ably performing.
THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

"Operation Progress"
(Continued from Page 9)
and when the project is completed
a sister document containing releases
would provide the owner with com-
plete protection and proof of pay-
ment. The semantics of a legal ap-
proach to any such law require con-
siderable study. This suggested meas-
ure has received a favorable accept-
ance by lawyers, builders and material
suppliers. A member of the Attorney
General's staff seemed certain of its
workability and was enthusiastic
about its simplicity.
Look for no sudden miracles from
the Joint Cooperative Council. The
organization is composed of represen-
tatives from the Associated General
Contractors, the Home Builders, the
Florida Building Industries Council,
and the Florida Association of Archi-
tects. The mechanics of setting any-
thing in motion among such a group
are far from simple. But when an
agreed program is reached, you can
rest assured it is for the good of all
segments of the construction industry
and for the general public.

ADVERTISERS' INDEX

Bird & Son . 1
A. R. Cogswell .. .. 22
Florida Foundry & Pattern Works 22
Florida Home Heating Institute 16
Florida Power & Light Co. 12
Florida Prestressed Concrete Assn. 3
General Portland Cement Co. 5
George C. Griffin Co . 4
Hamilton Plywood . 6
Lambert Corporation of Florida 19
Merry Brothers Brick &-Tile Co. 7
Portland Cement Assn. 8
A. H. Ramsey & Sons, Inc. 21
Southern Bell Telephone 20
Superior Solar Shade Co. 4th cover
Sta-Brite Fluorescent Mfg. Co. 22
F. Graham Williams Co. 23

APRIL, 1961

F. GRAHAM WILLIAMS, Chairman
JOHN F. HALLMAN, JR., Pres. & Treasurer G. ED LUNSFORD, JR., Secretary
MARK P. J. WILLIAMS, Vice-Pres. FRANK .D. WILLIAMS, Vice-Pres.

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We

Need

The

Urban

Renewal

Program

As in the past two sessions, the subject of Urban Renewal will undoubtedly
become an issue of the 1961 Legislature. And properly so. During the past
year especially there has been evident throughout the State a growing realiza-
tion of what civic re-development programs could conceivably achieve for
Florida communities. Reported in these columns have been many projects
planned by cities and towns in all sections of the State-projects which,
though carefully planned and skillfully organized, have been stopped short
on the very brink of practical realization.
Against some of them has been built the stone wall of "unconstitutionality."
Others have run afoul of emotionalism-opposition based on unreasoning
allegiance to "sacred rights of private property." At the very least, all such
projects have had to battle misunderstanding-a misunderstanding not only
of basic purpose, but also of practical procedure.
This element of misunderstanding has probably been the chief stumbling
block for Urban Renewal in Florida. It has nullified the plans of enlightened
community administrators and it has thwarted efforts of progressive lawmak-
ers to pass enabling legislation that would permit completion of civic re-de-
velopment projects already planned. It is misunderstanding verging danger-
ously close to mental blindness that has drawn such red herrings as "socialism,"
"dictatorship," "political regimentation," and even "integration" across every
piece of general legislation thus far proposed as a means for expanding civic
service facilities and improving living conditions in all sorts of Florida com-
munities.
Such attitudes seem incredible in view of the wide acceptance of Urban
Renewal through the country-except in a very few states of which ours is
one-and the simplicity of the principle behind it. Many examples of urban
renewal programs are available to show what planned re-development can do
for a city and its citizens. And as for the principle behind such development,
here it is in brief outline.
A community wishes to better itself, clear its slums, rejuvenate its, down-
town area, solve some of its traffic problems and plan for orderly future expan-
sion. As a first step, the renewal program is carefully planned-economically
and physically-with areas being re-zoned for new uses as needed. The second
step is the exercise of civic authority to acquire land as may be necessary to
put the re-zoning plan into effect. The third step is the physical development
of the program-the clearing of blighted areas designated for re-use and the
construction of facilities necessary to carry through the renewal program. The
whole concept is just that simple.
Fear of the concept stems largely, we think, from an erroneous conviction
that private citizens who own property are going to be cheated out of their
holdings. Eminent domain may be employed by the civic authority in cases
where voluntary cooperative action cannot be generated. But in every case
the owners of property acquired for a renewal program are compensated.
Further, in most cases, they have the opportunity to acquire new property
equivalent in value to that lost through eminent domain and to improve that
property-provided the improvement meets requirements of whatever new
zoning regulations have been made part of the overall program.
There is no single method that must be employed in carrying through
urban renewal programs. It can be placed entirely in the hands of a Redevel-
opement Authority; or the various improvements can be constructed entirely
by private organizations. Financing, likewise, can be accomplished by various
means. It is not true that Federal funds must be utilized- a misconception
that has given rise to the mythical spectre of "unwanted government control."
There is really only one "must" attached to the conduct of any urban renewal
activity. It must be.based on a carefully thought out "workable plan"-and
that plan must be such that it is fair to all concerned, the citizens as well as
the city.
Urban Renewal could prove a much needed "Operation Bootstrap" to
many Florida communities. Doesn't it seem unfortunate that mental inflexi-
bility and dogged short-sightedness are, in our State, still effectively opposing
the fruits of one of the most practical plans for cooperative self-improvement
that has yet been devised?-RoGER W. SHERMAN, AIA

THE FLORIDA ARCHITECT

7aT 74e emery aad ice's Puos^we oa 7Th i an .,.

The

Sanford W. Goin

Architectural

Scholarship

Architecture was both a cause and a pro-
fession to Sanford W. Goin, FAIA. As a
cause he preached it everywhere as the basis
for better living and sound development in
the state and region he loved. As a profes-
sion he practiced it with tolerance, with
wisdom, with integrity and with humility.
He was keenly aware that in the training
of young people lay the bright future of the
profession he served so well. So he worked
with them, counseled them, taught them by
giving freely of his interests, energies and
experience. .. The Sanford W. Goin Archi-
tectural Scholarship was established for the
purpose of continuing, in some measure, the
opportunities for training he so constantly
offered. Your contribution to it can thus be
a tangible share toward realization of those
professional ideals for which Sanford W.
Goin lived and worked.

The Florida Central Auxiliary has
undertaken, as a special project,
to raise funds for the Sanford W.
Goin Architectural Scholarship.
Contributions should be addressed
to Mrs. Edmond N. MacCollin,
President, 240 Bayside Drive,
Clearwater Beach, Florida.
WOMEN'S AUXILIARY, FLORIDA CENTRAL CHAPTER, AIA.

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	Copyright
	Front Cover
	Advertising
	Table of Contents
	Bunch and Reeder elected to...
	Florida professions committee sets...
	"Operation progress"
	The ABC's of the FAA
	How climate makes the man - part...
	News and notes
	Advertisers' index
	We need the urban renewal...
	Back Cover

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