VOL, XXIII. NV ASHIN(GTOIN; SAT-URJA.Y, SIEPTPOMMBEti 8i7.


PUBIISIIED 13Y GALEStU St'AA'OIN,
(I'leeadoiay, 'J7rsiadys, aled satewla.y5)
AT SIX PIILLsii PillsAWXMi~IX-3AEIVA13VR.

FRiDAY, SEPTEAIB12&26.


One of the first acts of the present 06
v-raooos of. 'State. -pft ..-.yo..-k, an hi
capacity of Coinmander in Chief of thi
Mihitia, hai been to abolish the practice
of brevetting officers of tthe Militia, "ex
cept in extraordinary cases"-an except
tion, by the way, which re establishes thi
role, instead of abolishing it, since it it
of the es';ence of brevet comrni-;sion%,tha
they are (unless abused) conferred only
in extraordinary cases of distinguished
merit, or length of service in the saim
rank. We have been induced to suspect.
from what we have heard, rather thtar
from our own knowkldge, that it would
be no detri'imeict to the country, that the
practice of brevetting officers should in
future be forever discontinued, in the
Military anid Marine service. In the
Navy it has no place, and we have never
heard it suggested that any benefit
would be derived from its introduction.
That many of our gallant officers justly
bought this honor, by their services and
their bloed, in the late war, we .have no
doubt. The glory of their achievements
is putiicprolioperty, and it was as little as
the country could do, having nothiTg
more solid to bestow, to clothe them with
these honors, which thLir fellow-citizens
rejoice to see them wear. But .we have
heard it frequently suggested that brevet
honors have been too freely bestowed, and
without sufficient discrimination. These
suggestions were doubtless occasionally
the eifusions of wounded pride, but we
have no doubt they were sometimes, also.
the just awards of independent and .hot-
orable minds, who had both the means
and capacity to judge. We should, on
the wvhole,be not unwiilingto see the pruc-
lice et;reiy abolished.
This brings toout recoitecdion an essay
of considerable length ; on the subject of'
Brevets, fronm the pen o'as t- officer the
Army,wilich was put into our hands soon
after the clore of tlie late war.. It was
then withh-,tld from the public eye, be-
_..cause iL fI1ight' atl tha -sv !bare bee1 c,.n-
" ski er .d 1,l .- .. '
its getifitl ..Lj;,.i ilil ; ti"- tt ascoeliy
, considered as at this distalice of tim'e: it
may be. Regar-di ng the present a.s a fa-
'odube--nmonint tfr a calm investigation
of the subject wilhen these in'igry .and jea--
lous feelings have stIb:uded which were
excited at the time of thie selection of of
ficers for the peace establishment, we
shall present to out readers the views of
"an officer of the Army" on the subject
of BattKVE'Tr RAN. The reader wiii find
his remarks pointed, sometimes harsh
and, in perusing them, will have to
make some allowance for misinformation,
and a little for the excitement of theC
day.
The communication which wv.e piblishedi
some time ago respecting the Opelousas and At-
takapas country, under, tlhe signature ofA An
Emaigianit from M aryhand," has excited much
attentiiin, and -we Ihave received many letters
frunit various parts of tlhe country enquiring the
nane of the author, M-who wilt have siualcientenm-
ploynment for his leisure hours, for months liro-
ba.blh to come, in giving satisfactory ans'.'ers etn
the enquiries which will be addressedto him rfor
tit-therinformation. A letter yesterday received
from one of'the lower counties of Virginia, in
addition to the name of the author, desires aniy
other information on the subject in our posses-
sioir. We think it proper to state, therefore,
in this manner, that the writer is a gentleman uoi
respectable character, .-ho has every means of
infoirmati i, having resided in that country eight"
or ten years, during which time be has gready
improved his worldly condition. If there ex-
isted the least doubt on our minds of the car-
rectness of his state einents, it wotild be c-emoved
bv the ctniinrmation of their accuracy by geitle-
men fi-om that country, who have recently vi-
sited the seat of government. The description
the writer has given, however glowing" .the
picture, is believed not to be at all overcharged.
BALTIMORE, SEPT. 24.
It is stated in the New York Mercan-
tile' Advertiser, that "the sch Janus, ar-
rived at New v York from Leghorn; has
on board the trionumeht to be erected iu
IBaltimore in honor of Washi, gton."-
This is a mistake-the marble for the
monument erecting in Baltimore in honor
of Washington, which is of an excellent
quality for the purpose, was a donatioh
from Ge-. Ridgeley, the Governor of
this state, and obtained from a quatrry on
his estate in Baltimore county.
The marble received at New York
fromn Leghorn, will form a part of the
Batde Mlnument erecting here in me-
mory of those brave men who fell in de-
fence of our city, during the attack of an
invading enemy in September, 1814.
[Fed, Gaz;.


LATEST FROM AMELIA-iSLAND. PROM BUENOS AYRES.

The subiolned Letter, we believe, furhishs ., extractt of a letter, dtte
the latest intelligence from Amelia-Island. BU-ENOS 4HEas, 19th.Ttrees.
Many of the circumstances related, are ai- DEAR Slit-Herewith you.hiai a copy
ready 'known, but as they are here given ofajetter, dated 15th May, at Chill
Sore in detail, we have published the whole General San Martin arrived on 6, I1 [th,
letter, rathertlian destroy the connection of amidst the acclamation, of tlr.iv.~-:'s.
S.. tstasiteiien.-[G. Trismpjli arches sof e. rer' l..
TO Tals' inuiwous. placed across the road for rn.,rly anL-.-ue

SWthe most sanguine hopes of nte British and the Americans were partitu-
e the most sanguine hopes of a speedy larly invited by the Cabildo to go out to
conquest of the Floridas ; but our friends meet him ; also to attend a ball and slip-
in the United States, o.i wlyhose promises per the following evening, given bythe
we relied, have most grossly deceived us. in the mint, a most superb buidiang. U
We had used all our -resources, and wrds of 700 cards- of invitttion were i..
therefore were c paled to r b n lo, nil sued ; more than a thousand persons a,,
therefore were cople to abandon tended., the dance was kept up till sever,
place, they having failed-i to furnish s tlhe followingmormaing. The ladies wer.
with the requisite:means to carry on the gay, not stylish', nor are they elegant it
war in the enemy's country. The Gen, the dance ; they paint' their faces, ani
era! embarked on Friday last, with.all his every visible part of tl'ir body. II
suite, on board the. Morgiana, (cursed aerwise.no handsome, ut fa omben -
be the name of the Morgiana) for she was 'e hadl advices from the army ia Cot-
to have brought us 830o000 and 150 men; ception, 10th instant, giving an account
but, when she arrived, she had not one ofan action with Sanchos, whocommanIs
cent and but 30 men, The Genertal then at Talcagwama, the sea port. It appealIs
discovered that no confidence could be ihe had received a reinforcement of 5Qb
discoededsthat no coanidonce coul be men from Lima, which augmented h-s
placed in his agents, and immediately atmy to 14 o om1500 .men. Our comn.
.resigred.. This course will certainly be mander, Hevas, 'had about" 1.700 men,
approved by every honorable man, and is having beeir. joined by '200, part of thl
an:infinitely better one than if he had 1000 who weut with general )ili,, ,inm;.
remained in command, and kept the Theyo made. a sortie with their -wholl
reined" n t force, havin infination of Oi'Lr6h ol
Island as a reindezvnis for -o rhaantecri, tt., (-"1:,1 Iu I A
ln' f ." -'cr advance. The resultiwas a completedc-.
Colonel Irwini has -."" ss i.r- '*d,..- Y-a. rof t- royaalits, witth the lasso 168
as yet, and says he \ll 'ep n-tl'..- imen arid three pieces i.f canron.
General has granted him full power to The Limasquadroni l-iail! at r,:lcag-
'hol.d it, and if practicable to conquer the wama, it is supposed l`-r the p1-if.ns- fci
whole country.. I doubt whether he wil! taking the royal troops off to Pru..
be able to do so. The Patriots had' a. .
small skirmish with the enemy on las! Et.ract of a letter froni aQ Officer of the
Wednesday morning, and defeated then; U. S. army to the .Editr.ofthe Tren-z
--the loss of the Patriots was two killed ton true .Jhnerican, dated Plattaiburg,
and three wounded ; that of the S;,. i.. "Mte DER Stu-Through every part
could not be atlcertained, but is supposeAd of the northern section which President
to be great-it is reported that one of Monroe lihan visited, are left '.,' marks
their officers, a Major Diil, was killed, of his solicitude for the public. interests.
The enemy,.it is said, intend attacking At one place he ordered the: useless
thePa-riotsgain very shortly ; if they 1Operity gathered during tlhe war to be
ti- Pau-iot aai t 'disposed of for the public beneCt-.at an-
to, the Patriots will beat them. I am -..'ier he directs ranges of useless bar-
sorry to say, that among the Patriot racks to be takeai down, and. the timber,
there is a gr.-at want of subordination ; Se. applied to the extensiye military
every man fancies himself commander, works now constructing on Lake Cham-n
They burnt.the house of Mr. l-ermandez, plain under tthe direction oi Co. Totten,
because it was suspected he harbored the the enriea os nt at
.l.,r,. ,Ih'., This was done without the But'aloe, on Lake Erie, he directed that
order or approbation of the: COclori-J. the 6th reginmel -'I..d.lt nmit ih ,.
Every l'...rn,'.hie- m'. ,i .Ir, .'Iicer ui i ,* ,; ;m' ,_ ;.. j. d ..:. i 'I.1 !. t.. e:....
the Island, who came to it with thie C, ii l,,i tr-tqit q,.
th a t tI II c-- r- .. l.. -. :. "_
eral. I have also left, and shall ree. that the seolod lo..-.,ce nl, nr- at s;,
to -- whence I shall rejoin the oaearb to Bufaloe, tr
Gneral in some part of South-America.. Last week the 6th regiment corn-
The General, in addition to the rank menc 'J work. The officers and .men
whiich he now holds in the Army of are in tents, uader the commandlof lieut.
Grenada, has been appointed General of col. Snelli-g. They began the road a-
Divisio y the Con rss of Vn ela.bout three miles froim this village, antd
Dii biy the Conrpress of VenRezuela. the camp, which is utamed after the per.
The bri Entrprize, of Rhode Island.son who may own the property on
has received a commission, under the which it is pitched, is to be removed or' as
rianie of the General MacGregor, and the roadbecomes finished.1"Camp Wood,"
she is now commanded by Capt. French ; I believe, is its present temporary' situa-
she was formerly the Brutus privateer."' tioe, or at Ieast near th rescide.ce and
N. B. Snce w iting property of thevenerable father of t'.he late
SN. B. Since writing the above, there Lieut. olWood, who was killed in tile.
has been a very severe cannonading from battle on ibe Niagara frontier. He .ap-
3 o'clock until about dark'; it appears to pears tobe between 60 a-njd years of,
lie between the Patriots in the block- age, .has three sons whom the. country
house artd the enemy on the hill-the may have, he says;, in the case of another
result is not known." war The m an intrtin one
and I am sure that the relation of a do-
Smestic anecdote which took place the'
Extract of another letter of the .same otlier day amidst its circle, will, not 'be
date, to agenttman n this city. nnpleasiant to 'you. Tihe silbj.ct iof con-
Tl.ere is no one left.at Amelia-Island, versatioi was the late col. ...'od ;. on his
but fighting characters ; and from the tmame being delicately introduced, a tear"
firing that is now going on, we think the glided tremblingly down his. fath-r's wi-'
engagement has commenced" there cheek. Yes," he said; my son
gageent has com cedas educated for a soldier of the Repub-
S-- lie. Did he nrot do her some useful ser-
We have been politely favored with the .ice before he fell ?" One present an-
following extract of a letter from St. Ma swred, that he was very serviceable in
ry's, dated the 14th September. ,any actions before the one wherein he
9 The Spmnish force on the south end fell. He rose from his seat, saying, as
of Amelia consists of three small gur his aged frame seemed to assume na-
vessels, aid about 400 men--including turalair of.'dignified composure, his
Spaniards, militia, &c. There has been zeal was useful then-and he was killed
some skirmis!:i g without much loss. An in opposing the enemies of his country.
hermaphirodi.e brig, prize to a Patriot The service.and the sacrifice the coun-
privteer, arrive d at Amelia on the I 1th try needed. I am proud of the fortmer-
inst. with a valuable- car-.,o consi-ting of you, sons, turning to his children, mast
Cochineal. &c kc. The Patriot brig envy your brother's fall."
Congress. Com. Aury, with a ship, her "
prize, is in the olhing. My opinion is. ST sTEHImNS CALABAIA,) AUG. 23.
that the Patriots are more formidable Vith pride nd'pleasure we state the
now than at any fonrfier period. Fernan- decorum with which the late Land sales
dez's house was burnt ion the 10th, con wore conducted, at this ,place ; we have
trary to the express orders of col. lrwin. it ri the best authority, that more or-
M'Clure's houses were burnt on the same der or sobriety was never observed in
day., in consequence of two or three of the most deliberate assembly, as was
the Patridts having been surprised and maintained during the whole of the sales.
taken prisoners therein on the night of Such conduct is highly laudable, and we
the 9th. General MacGregor is still in hope, in time, will convince the general
port on -board the brig Gen MacGregor, government of the loyamly of the citizens
captain French. The cannononadfling -f this country, and their ready observ-
heard on the 13th, was probably a salute ance of the laws as well as give us a
from the Conigress privateer." character abroad very different from what
[So. Pat. has been represented. It is a truth that
thIe general character and disposition of
Sd r w the people of this country has been most
Surgeons and doctors were exempted woefully belied, and it is hoped, that time
from bearing arnms in England, or serv- ill give ample opportunity for it to un-
inon injuries m the year 1513; at which fold itself worthy the consideration of
period there were ohly 1? in the city of our brethren of the United States.
London. halcyonn.


THE LEVIATHAN.

FRO THE I'OLITlCAL nr.EwISTER.
As every circumstance relative to th,
history.of the huge Sea Modnter, 'Whici
has lately made its appearance on oui
Joites, must be interesting to the curi
ous and philosophical, I present you with
- an account of one of the sarne species
-cen some yeai s ago, in a voyag to ci
l.'.at Indies. It is given verbatim fror-m-
jouriltal:.regularly attended to. C.
EXTRACT.
SAugust 11th, 1806.--Hard gales, at
tended with rain and a very high cross
scea. During the gale, an immensely
large animal appeared under the lee ; by
some at first thought to blie a whale. He
was however different from any ever be-
fore seen by the present spectators.
On his neck and head large lumps
with a shaggy substance, resembling
hair, at the joints, were observable.
The lumps were about- the sizs of a bar-
rel. He was constantly opening and
shutting his tremendous jaws, and ap-
peared to swallow and cast out hogs.
heads of water. His extreme length was
not perceivedi;but it is conjectured that
-he was about sixty feet. He did nol
spout, in the manner of a whale, al hough
someofourold sailors denominated him.a
king whale. Probably this anitnal had
derived the royal appellation from the
crown or llumps on the neck and head,
for the interstices between the -li'.g-y
mane and barnacles, are a light brown
and yellow, and so studded as to give the
head that appearance. Columbus is said
to- have sein one of- these extraordinary
fish ;i his second \'%v.',;', and. consider-
ing the event as prognosticating approaci-
ing bad weather, he was induced to put
into port; whereby lie secured his ships,
as a hurricane came oni immediately afier:
in which those who would not .receive
the salutary caution and advice, either
foundered or were wrecked."
Latitude 33, 47, South,
Longitude 21, 06, East 5

A KIDNAPPERl PUNISHED.
State of .Sfd. ialhnore Couimt Court.
c 4 Iulctinme t fuor A.idntuqpipig.
Joisx lI.eT. c
In July last John Lacy touoiAaron Hul-
berit, 'a mulatto b0y, about nine or tenll
years old, from Baltimore county to Alex-
andria, and sold him as a slave for life,
Soon after the sale, 'some circumstances
tra-nspired which induced the purchaser
to believe that the boy bad been kidnap-
ped ; and Lacy was ar rested a: d comrnit-
ted to jail in Alexandria, atid information
of ,what'had been done'sent to the boy's
friends. T'he necessary documents were
,. I.:h I n ,i' ,It'l, :nid iLh .-..,.rlinor iJf Al.
r1 ;l.,. lci.,.-d Ld L.c, uit-id..r the .ic( oi

.. ,. i..M iiI 1 I ir'_Kre. S i'.^ --
trial it,was proved that the boy wass-born
firee-that l!e had been putto live with La-
cy by his grandmother: his p-.rents being
dead-.that the agreement between Lacy
and the grandinother, ias that the boy
should be bound an apprentice, but the
inidentures bad nor been executed-that
after the boy had lived witn Lacy two or
three months, he took him to Alexandria
and sold hint us a slave for lhf...
Verdict--Guilty. Sentence confinement
in thePenitentiary to hard labor five years.

P.ICIMOND, SEPT. 23.
Robert Gibson, alias Robert Carlton,
who.was convicted by a Jury on Wed-
nesdcay last, of the murder of John N.
Peatross, before the Superior Court ol
Law for Henrico county, was brought up
on Saturday last to receive his sentence.
His counsel, Andrew Stevenson, Esq.
moved fur a new trial, on several grounds
-the first was, that the prisoner, during
his trial, though corporally present, was
mentally absent, .having been very ill, for
veral clays before his trial, with a nervous
fever, and then so-ill as to affect his mind,
and to produce a stupor during the whole
trial. In, support, of this motion, the
physician who attended him stated,.on
oath, that the prisoner had beed extreme-
ly ill ; that his mind was affected by the
disease that he still had a fever every
day andl that when it was at its height,
which was generally between 12 ai.d 5
o'clock, P. M. he was fi-equently in a state
of delirium; that such was probably his
situation on Wednesday last, but that he
did not see him after 9 o'clock.
The Judge of the Court said, that when
the prisoner was about to be arraigned,
seeing from his pallid appearance that he
had been ill, he distinctly enquired from
the bench t whether the prisoner was: in a
situation to be tried. The reply made
by the jailor was. .thit the physician re
ported him as being convalescent and, as
he understood hiir, able to stand his trial;
that no fur'.her remark being made by the
counsel, either for the commonwealth or
for the prisoner, to neither of wl.oii was
his situation known, or by any other per-
son, as to the state ol his health, either
of body or mintd, the enquiry stopped,
and the arraignment and trial proceeded.
Unquestionably, hlie sa.d, ifi' the evidence
now before the court had then been given,
the trial would not have been had ; for it
was not lawful to try a man for any
crime, when he was not in a situation of
mind to make his defence. As this now
appears to have been the case during the
progress of h.is trial, the verdict must be
set aside on that ground, and a new trial
awarded him.-nguirer.


CoAl tI!''. I I'ATI'.J).


DIED, oh the ''Ist cpember, Mrs. Er:Asor i
B- i.ciItAK ii ttlG e, 0iie oi0 t lRv. .JOA: iiAr'-
e !, ) e,; in lthe 52d year of h g ;eg. and 2 'd of
Usher nmai'rii'e. She le't a iwsbhand, drcesons,
h a laughter id a few it rvants, whsb henibly feel,
r and w:l Ing man hoent the death ofa ali;iccLionatu
- wife,.a fond" parent. and tender mistress. She
w wililong be rememb ered as an. olliging neig'h-
boy and-a liberal friend to thlepoor. IHer clia-
.- ,' : ,, ..l knowii to need
~i r'- ,-mro.: j Ai ,. I n-,r- '. pj)i t.2 ciich'
a. late it in heri o i:' ....... She datedl (I .
cominencemel.t i... i. ..'ng indisposition
firai the exposure and fatigue ,.f a. few weeks,
spent in establishing and organizing thle Asylum
- "ofthe p oor e naie childen of Washington." She
often observed, it wvas her humble hope to be
* made-an insuia. nent, w ih others;of establishing
nothing of th nate before she left this world.
From eaurlv in' thie winter of 1815, her uselulnc ss
w.as nmuchlimited by sickness. Her d order,
ichwassupposedto he of the cons-:mptivenkind
* gradually gained strength, which she as gradu-
Sally lo.t. During her long indispsition, site was
frequently heard to mourn for sin, but never to.
nimrmur at the kind dispen.sations of Heaven.
As her end.approached, after tile abatement
Sota severe return of her cough, she praved
with great earnestness to have assistance in her
trial. At last she said, "The w-ork is done-it
, is finished-LordJ'esus receive my spirit." The
cold sweat appeared profusely on her face and
hands, anid it was then thle heat began to depart
t from her feet, which was attempted to be re-
t stored i vain. itivas now after one o'clock on
SSunday morning,when she cried with an audible
clear voice, "lielp me, sweet Jesus!" which
. waste last sentence, and nearly the last word
sh.eutlterie~d. Perilas in sax or.eight minutes
slhe yielded without a s'ru -de. and stink in
death! Blessed are the- I..1.1 n l die in the
Lord, they shall rest friat their labors, and their
works shall follow then."

Military Bounty Lanil.

: GENERAII. LAND Or-FrrE,.?
;. -~ .. ... ........ -th-S L si- Vr-. $.^,
t NOTICE.--The lands in the 'llinois
Territory, appropriated for bounties for
Military services, having been surveyed,
and the surveys received at this oice,
the distribution ,of the said lands, by lot,
agreeably, to iaw, wijl commence at this
office on the first Mornday id October
lnext.
The surveys of military bounty lands
in Misouri Territory are expected in a
f-w months. when a similar distribution
will take place, of w.lich timely notice
will be given in the newspapers. Those
who wish to locate 'heir warrants in Mis-
souri'Territory, may send them afcer the
publication of that notice.
Every soldier of the late army who has
received from the Department of Yaar a
land warrant, or a notification that it is
deposited in this', of~ce, may obtain a pa.
tent by-sending to this office the warrant
or notification, first writing or it, To be
I,.-'- ed in the Illminis Territory, and the
.,.'.it to be sent to the Post Office
1 ----'."
- ..- Signed, -
TheptlitsoUtS~'ou-i-iu,- ., .a:e .t;'.
lied, or shall hereafter notiiy thie General
Land Office not to deliver them to their
agents Leretofore appointed, will.be ie-
tained, subject to their further order.
Members oCsCongresg who have depo.
sited (in this office) soldiers warrants or
notifications, may obtain patents for them
by sending the receipts which were givenT
by the office, and instructions relative to
locating the warrants.
Printers who publish the laws of the
United States will give the above so niany
insertions as will amount to ten dollars,
send a copy of the papers to this office,
and a bill, receipted; the money will be
sent by mail.
JOSIAH MEIG'S,
Comnisstioner of the General Land Offce.
Sep 26-


Speedily will be published,
B Y Joi.N GARDINE`, Chief Clerk in the
General Land Oflice,
A MAP OF THE
BOUNTY LANDS
x1 TUE.
ILLINVOIS TERRITORY.
Price one dollar.
The above Map will exhibit to each Soldief
of the late Army the situation of thefa:rm which
f<a to his BIt, its proximity to the rivers Mis.
si-sippi and Illinois; wili describe the sodil, tim-
be waters, &c. (agTceably to ,hcfield notes of
the surveyors) ,f his fiai m, and en'b'e the .ol-
d;ers to anprecifte the value of their counitr 'is
reward Ibr their serv cs. '
Printers of the loaws of the United States,
who give publicity to the above, sh,il be far-
nishi.d with tw; maps.
.iJOIN GARDINER.
Washington,2.5th S:,-i8. it17

District of Columbia, to wit:
R'E it rem-r.mbercd, thai. on this 26th day of
september, ,n :h'- year of ouir Lord one
thousand i. g.t hundred and se'ven'een, ,nd. of
the Indepe:.d.rlce olfthe United S. .t s .,f Ame-
rico the fr'y second, JI'n (ard ncr of the ai.
District' talh d. posited in rhis fdi"e he title
of a Map, the right whereChe cliims ,s pro-
prietor, it the words ?oll-'ing, to wVt-"Mau
,r the itounty Lands ia lili.ns Tlerriocry; by
,1 'ha tif:'dh.r, Cluiet CiC.kin the General 'Land
Office."
Iliconlrnl;ty to the act of Cot-
g:'esi'ih<- w Unted Stiaes, entitled
A:> act f':r the encouraem:ncnt of
SS leading^, b. se..,ring the copies of
L. S l A',sA, cia'.-ts, ;i;d. bjok, toie t-.r
:iii:'s .I Ir.oprietors of such cc-
lpi l. during the times thereia men-
ti-nen."
d DE'E .LE,
Clerk of the Iisr ce Court of'C,.urabie.
sep.26-3t


or F.eVEI'-Y DSC1'tI1"ION uSXf.e'ai'o>n AT
TUIS oh'ryiC.


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ON BTliV-'LT RANK.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTEKLIISC nC.
Brevet rank is so current at the present
day that frequent disputes and discus-
sions take place as to its nature and ex-
tent. I am for giving to it the full value,
but not more ; for giving the latitude
which it should in right have by the law
and the regulations. but am not for admit-
ting its extension and avail ad infinitum.
The following sheets are offered on the
subject ; they are the result of some re-
flection and observation, but are written
with more haste and under more fre-
queat interruptions than I had desired,
as in debating the _q-u n- it -wa-r-my
wish to support.conclusively the posi-
tions which were taken in justice to the
cause I had espoused.
Officers, having brevets or comnmis.
sions, of a prior date to those of the re-
giment in which they serve, may take
place on courts martial, and on detach-
ments when composed of different corps
according to the banks given them in
their brevets, or dates of their former
commissions: but in the regiment, troop
or company to which such officer belong
they shall do duty and take rank, both in
courts martial, and on detachments
which shall be,composed only of their
own corps, according to the commissions
by which they are mustered in the said
corps" 61. A. of war, p. 28.
Sec. 4-'h of the act of 6th July, 1812
p. 120, 121, authorises brevet rank, and
provides for pay, &c.
,6 In all cases in which commaMd shal
pot have been specially given, the eldes
officer, whether of cavalry, of artillery
or of infantry, will commandd" p. 179
180, Regulations.
Brevet rank gives no precedence nor
command, except on detachments ; nor
shall persons having such rank only
be included in the roster of officers
for any duty other than that performed
by detachments, and to which they
shall be 'pecialy assigncd.l" p. 180, Re
gulations.
'By the. articles of war above quoted
brevet rank may give preqedence on de -
tachlimcnt, or on court martial, w htn cor
posed of different corps. By the regular
nations, p. 180, it gives no precedence or
command, except on detachment, &c
Thus, if the regulation be conclusive,one
part of the brevet' authority is diminish
ed. If we rely on the article of war, we
must observe that in the first, part of the
article brevet may avail in a certain case;
in the latter part it shall not in a certain
c se. ,
I contend upon'a strict grainmatical con-
struction, that the words shall & may are
placed in contradistinction to one another,
and that brevet may (in cases of detach.
mnents of dif-frent corps) avail, or may
not, viz. that the choice is with the corn-
manding gbicer who does detach. When
one corps is detached, then brevet sh/,i
not avail, the word giving no choice to
the commanding officer, but settling the
matter definitively and positively. That
such is the grammatical construction i
manifest. That such should be the case,
can be shewn by military reason, I mean
that the commanding officer should-be
the judge whether it were wtll to give
precedence on a detachment, to this man
or to that. And that the, law designed
and marked out this power expressly to
him, can be proven also.
Perhaps the first question, when de-
bating the subject of brevet rank, should
be, what is a detachment ? The Military
Dictionary is the first book of reference
and is conclusive, where no.law nor regu-
lation has ventured to alter its definitions,
and to affix a new meaning, or to give an
old one, to a military term.
Detachment, in military affairs, is an
uncertain number of men, drawn out
from several regiments or companies e.
equally, to march orbe employed, as the
general may think proper, whether on an
attack, at a siege, or in parties to -scour
the country, Sc." Mil. Dict. p. 119.
"O1ne general rule, in all military pro-
jects thaL. depend upon us alone, should
be, to omit nothing that can insure the
success of our detachment and design ;
but in that which depends upon the ene-
my to trust something to hazard." Mil.
Dict. p. 119.
A roster for duty done by detachments
is kept, and there is an equal detail of
'men. The troop's thus drawn are de-
signed to act in a particular and special
manner against the enemy. An officer
can claim, his tour foi the duty, A com-
pany, battalion, &c.have their terms, and
an omission is contrary detail, and im-
plies a censure. Thus, officers having
that rank, (viz. brevets) only. are not in-
cluded in the roster of officers for any
duty other than that performed by cle-
tachments, and to these they must' bhe
specially assigned.
In page 187, of regulations, it is laid
down that details must be made accord-
ing to prescribed rules, and the usage of
war. Corps furnish according tostrength,
the longest off duty, the first on. Troops
are to act by companies, regiments, &c.
when practicable. Return detachments
will not be excused-more than two (lays.
Seniority of corps, and priority of rank
of officers, claim precedence; but the
commanding general can.. order devia-
tions, that is, he may say in such a case
brevet rank may avail, or he may place
the officer lineally, unless one corps only
be detached and then brevet rank shall
not avail.
Looking over the 14 classes of duties
pointed out in page 188, of regulations
which admit of insertion on the roster.
and where the law of detail governs
(subject, let it be observed, always to the


*arthe year 1815.


orders ofdeviation which the general may line c .the army, marine corps, or militia, possession. Our articles of war fere ties his countrymien, astonishes the ene-
prescribe in particular cases) it is mani- by commission there, on duty, or in quar- copied almost verbatim from'the English, my, and by tho voice of all parties it is
fest that all these classes are not to be ters, shall command the whole, and give by a committee of Congress, in '74, ap- acknowledged that the fresh and bloom-
called detachments. Garrison and camp orders for what is needful to the service, pointed to draft rules for the government insg laurels placed on the heads of B and
guards, police, general courts, general unless otherwise specially directed by the of the army. Our article, as to brevet, C wither by the immense blaze of glory
guards, &c. &c. are not to be styled de- President of the United States, according is the same now that it was then. Havel1 which is reflected from the achievmentsof
tachments, for if so then every thing must tofthe nature of the case." Now, tho' the British altered their article ? ThoseI A; he is brevetted also from the period
give way to brevet, as it operates in all the line of the army may not here mean who have the information can answer, of his career. Now is C to rank B1; and
cases, unless we choose to except an or- lineal rank, yet brevet rank avails only Their army isdifferently organized; their C and B to rank A eternally ? Shall the
dinary regimental parade. when specially ordered by the general or regiments are commanded commonly by original rank avail nothing,' and be reduc-
To constitute adetachment, the body commninding officer, and that in certain the lieutenant colonels ; the colonels are ed to nought by the date qfa brevet? Se-
must be drawn from the army or post, kinds of detachments, mostly lords and dukes, &c. who seldom niority, justice and merit foi bid it. And
.&c and must be sent off (detached,) on a In cantonment or quarters, where take the field, or interfere much with the shall the chance which interposed a day,
particular service, and that too an active oth-r ctrps join, brevet rank ceases the regiment, beyond' dealing out the unti- but could not approach the majesty of the
one. Thus, a party sent to surprise a po- deta sition of thle enemy, to relieve a be- ati ofictr be detached on service from his colonels they go to major generals, and nior, and place the great general, the se-
seiged garrison,or-to- scout-the country. breet, and an officer having lineal rank many of their appointments are styled nior by years of seivicTrerub-altern to
But the guards of trenches, van guards, oli h..pptn to fall in with him; he also brctet., wlich lise perhaps a force when a young commander of yesterday ? Who
rear guards, pickets, &c. are not detach- corfimands a detachment, the former se orps are bii.gaidd. They may still be shall legalize this reversion of order?
ments ; detachments and out posts stand nior by brevet, the latter by the line, the honorary. Whether a major general by The Senate, the Congress, or the people ?
number three, in fourteen classes for du later might, tpon. the accidental june- brevet epuld command a brigade, in pre- Neither. The President issues a brevet
ty. 1. Reconnoitering parties, and corps tion, assume the command of the whole, ference to his senior colonel, who was pre- from date of action, and thugh'every bo-
of observation. 2. Foraging btifore the fkr he must be senior to the other-the sec)t, or a brevet lieutenant general corn- dy may complain, even himself, yet the
enemy. If we are governed by the defi- commanding general, in making the de mand a division in'.preference to his ma- chance of the first fight decides for ever,
nition implied in the regulations, it will tachment, having not provided for the case jor general, who was present, are ques- Is this fair ? Is this equitable ?
amount to that laid down in the Diction- vhich occurred, and the brevet availing tions beyond my ability to answer. They But chance is perhaps as equitable as
ary. An out post is not called detach- pnly from special order. may contrive to give to these brevet offi the fortune which may rule at the seat of
meant, nor even foraging before the ene- I Brevet rank can avail only where spe- cer brigades, &c. where they may not government. Strong friends may urge
my. The duty is classed No. 3, and 'ially given, under the authority of the interfere with their lineal seniors. What the side of boastful officers, and they rise
Sif course not one of the other classes can Saw. This principle will settle many may be British, or French, or Russian by brevet over silent men of genuine mre-
be the same with it, for they are all sta- ases. A captain has in his company a customs, I know but little of in the de, rit. Enemies may assail the deeds of
tionary and graduated. What then is a ast lieutenant, who is by brevet a major ; tail. It is certain that th ir Dukes and great generals, sound the feats of those
r detachment ? It must be something, few men of another corps happen to be Princes, &c. are frequently commanded who only figured in the fields of the Me-
s and if the dictionary is wrong, and the law 4~dered to the garrison where this cap by plain officers, and their brevets also tropolis, and a brevet settles the rank of
and regulations do not intimate its shape 4in is stationed. Shall then his lieutenant might come under the same honorary the latter. The First Magistrate may
and character, those who dispute my au- omrnand him ? A colonel is ordered class. But shall we refer to British cus design to be always as impartial as the
thorities must fix the definition. Is it in an expedition, with his regiment ; his toms, and receive them across the ocean Goddess of Justice, yet who does nat
d any portion of a company, battalion, re- najvr is by brevet a colonel, and of an as a common law ? Then what will be- know the deception which false and
giment,,&c. which.may not be in con. older date ; a few men of another corps come of our' military statutes ? Why .ot intriguing men may impose upon a supe-
l junction with all the other parts ? Then fall in on the march; shall his major pre- refer to French, Russian and Turkish rior, however great and virtuous.
t nine companies of a regiment form a de- .ume to take command, and follow up the regulations? Shall our statutes yield Has a single skirmish insured a brevet ?-
' tachment, because the tenth is sent off. expedition ? HiNow many absurdities also to their customs ? I should rather Have they been given to individuals who
, Then a company, k&. on its way to join would be produced by tolerating brevet presume that our. laws ought to be bind, were not present to fight ? Have two been
the other parts is detached. Then if assumption in such cases! ig, and that custom mustlong exist with issued when asked for i Have they been
' that which is going to join is detached, Brevet rank was intendedasan honorary us before it be.the common law; and that obtained through demand and, threats ?:
r just in like manner with that which is gift, with the advantage of affording occa- the statute paraded against it even then Have they been given repeatedly to of-
y sent from, and as an entire assemblage sional.iipportuhities for distinction, by must be corisidi-r'd as having the prece ficers who did not deserve, and who have
s seems necessary to constitute a regi- having commands. These opportunities denc%- Is there any such thing as corn not the merit tb support them ? Have
meint, tc. it seems to 'me that every were afforded by sending detachinmeits i min: law against statute ? Then how they been withheld, in many instances,
y thing is a detachment and that all the u ..,-iins the enemy. In-these cases the long would it take for a ;)ew statute to put from those who had claims far superior
sual military terms should be dropped., brdvet rank ofofficers might prove bene- the custom aside ? The matter, to my to those who obtained thlm, Itecause the
Thus we might say a detachment of 50 -ficial to the country, and productive of mind, is thus rendered clear, that foreign 'former were silent, and the latter talka-
Smen, 100 men, 500 men, &c.-we might new honors to themselves. customs, no matter how good, or how tive ? Has the Secretary of War issued
become very precise in figures. That is The general judged of the capacity,;- bad, cannot avail our brevet officers, them ? Has the Adjutant and Inspector
a company, which is all together and has and ordered detail, and assigned officers Whether they h-ave examinedthese General done the sar- ? Have clerks dis-
every individual necessary to constitute to produce effects corresponding with atlantic matters more nicely than most trIbuted th m ? I would fain answer ne-
r the strength present. But if there be -his wishes. He might give a brevet offi. lineal gentlemen, or assume as right that gatively toq th-;se questions, but how many
* only 70 men, is it a detachment ? or 82 cer command, he having ingenuity and which best suits their convenience, it is officers would rise up to contradict me.;
men, is it a detachment ? If it be less than stratagem ; or he might place him wish true that they ha e attem pted, when ele. And if I ventured to pronounce positive -
a company, or more than a company, is tlhe command, according to lineal rank, vated to high grades, to soar beyond the ly that these questions should be replied
it a company or detachment ? An officer relying upon an effect from his bravery, small affair of detachments, and to con- to affirmatively, what might be the consd-
with 15 recruits is marching to a rendez- entrusting the scheme to another officer, tend for the rule of districts, and the sway quence to myself! I venerate the Presi-
Svous, a.id this is called a detachment It never was formed with the view of of armies, by the virtue of their brevets dent; his virtues and abilities claim the
The guards of the trenches, and van producing commotion, of revolutionizing The law is now a letter which they would admiration of this age, and will be trans-
guards in approach do not equal the dig. corps, of destroying upon all occasions fain trample upon, and, reaching the mitted to posterity in language and colors
nity of his command We are too much the rankres'ulting from length of service. clouds with their heads, pass beyond an that will live far beyond the duration of
in the habit of abusing this word, while Brevet-French commission, ap- act or a regulation as a mere vulgar and our republic. But, however great, and
there are other terms, section, platoon, pointment. Under the old govern-ment earthly trifle, which may sway bipeds, good, and wise, hecannotbe onmipotent,
company, squadron, battalion, regiment, of France it consisted in letters.or ap- but cannot affect heroes. Those who see all-things, do alt things, and put down
brigade, division command, &c. &c. rea- pointrments, signed by the king, by virtue submit to this soaring, are indeed more every where all corruption.
dily afforded. A few more, or few less, of which every apier was authorized to ,miserable than bipeds. There are some Are not brevets as well bestowed as
alter nat the name. It may be a small discharge his particular duty. All oWi- ftw officers who have tamely acquiesced original commissions, and wherefore this
company, or a large company, a weak cers ia the old French service, from a in tle construction given by the brevet noise about occasional mistakes arratVer-
iregiment, or a strong regiment, &c. Ifa cornet or a sub-lieutenant up to a marshal' ofiiceils relating to armies, districts and sights ? ,Brevets shotild be b1-stowed much
few make a dilference, so will &.. ftnees brevet.' d.etachlments, and allowed themselves to more properlythan original appointments,
thius-we,-mn rst TiW5 DD'7S Cet'- &cli- M. D. p.~6O,. Here then brevets occa. be ranked by their juniors. These gen- because the latter are taken upon credit:,
nient again. If every particle be requir- signed no disputes tlemren deserve to have their names noti, the former should be given after fair and
-ed, then pray tell me the number of de- Brevet rask is a rank in the army cedi in capitals, but I will not" mention full experiment. The latter .may be of--
tachmeits in our service', ir where brevet higher than Uiat for whichiyou receive them here They were under cow at ten bad by accident; the former should"
rask may fix its boundary ? Is it not pay, and gives a precedence (when corps soW, bad fortune, and bent for the sake never be bad bydesign, In the one case,
.manifest that this will lead us into the are brigade) to the date of the brevet Qf expected support from those who im- error is incidental from the nature of
most monstrous absuirdities,and in the end commission." M. D. p. 60. If this be a posed upon them. Rather than have tar- things, and therefore tolerable; in the
what is the shape of this fairy thing, or true copy of.,the article in James's Die nished their cloth, violated principle, and other, mistake and oversight are guarded
this monster whici. pervades all space ?. tionary, and refers to the custom in the yielded their rights, they should have against by experiment, and therefore ic-
It is something composed of men, who Britisharmy, there is no dispute there, given yp their commissions. tolerable, If such mistakes are incident
act with horses, or without ; with imus- Withus the case is different; Brevet rank A reference to the force of brevet in the to original appointments, shall commis-
kets and. cannon or without; with rifles depends not tupan brigading troops ; it service of other countries, will not lend sions be setup to sale after a trans atlan-
or without ; weapons are not necessary; may avail, ao!matter what the size of the any support to the claims of our hrevet tic custom ? The revenue will be thus in-
for pioneers with axes, or without, will detachment : and with us to9 the pay is officers, for several very plain and cogent creased ; the gates will be unlocked by the
answer; it is one soldier detached, or differently regulated by law. beside reasons A king bestows a commission riches o.f a certain class, and humbler
many absent from the rest of the regi- the occasional opportunities afforded to of his own power, and in like manner men, oppressed by their poverty, may
ment; it is small or large ; in quarters brevet officers by detachments, the hon. gives a brevet. Say that this brevet shall knock in vain for preferment, A higher
or on the march ; going to join, or sent orary distinction of changing the epau have, in all cases, the foi ce of a commis order will be favored ; a class of nobility
off: it is any thing, indeed, but the shape letts, of wearing two, the title always sion. Well, the same power that gives established, who wiil, might and main,
so fluctuating, rad its nature so uncer- given, would seen satisfactory enough. the one gives the other. The king exer- support the governing powers; while
tain, that it may he of any size, or asy Officers wear a badge of distinction, more cises his own judgment, or.expresses his those who, from their poverty, have less
where, or doing any thing, or doing nothi pleasureable to a republican thap stars will Opon the advice of his ministers. He interest to attach them to the soil, may
ixg at all : in one worid, no man can de- and orders; have an increased honorary lays the matter before no tribunal, and is cultivate the domestic concerns, without
fine its nature, tell its shape or extent, or title, the soundof which should be to therw solely and exclusively the bestower of mi- meadling with the affairs of state. This.
fix boundaries to its strides, or conrit the more grateful than the imposing sounds litary rewards. Our form of government course is neither suited to the institutions,
number of i,tsvariaiions. Shall the mat- of nobility. is widely different. The President no- to the advantage, nor to the palate of the
ter end here, and tbtis mysterious subject W.-tat nr fe40 tlthy claim ? The smiles minutes, and, by and with the advice and American people. This, then, will not
be given up-in despair, as incompreheiisi of friends and relations, the approval of coA.si:nt of the Senate, appoints to com answer at the present period.
ble and undeinrible ? I say no. G(eome- their couitrymen ? And whehr whether thee missions Two branches are here requi- Shall the President conler original com.
irical propositions are proven by a train laurels were hardly earned and richly deu- ite, and from the very nature of our con. missions by his own choice and judgment?
of absurditicei, for where there are ab served by them or not, there is a small stitutiop. the same powers are requisite Can he not hold the scales of justice in
surdities, the converse is apt to be the circle of fond and credulous relatives, who to bestow any rank which may in form his own hand, and tell when the weight
truth, are certain to believe that which is best, approach the strength of a commission, of merit is just and true ? Is he not the-.
If the definition asserted by my au- and not to question merits Still this is Brevet rank with us does not have that first man in the nation, by the choice of
thority, be not correct, wherein is it not sufficient. A Istlieutenant, major by force by the law and the regulations, and the people, fairly made by their represent.
wrong'? Does it require latitude and brevet,commanding two companies at a thus the power to conferit was delegated- tatives? Why cannot he judge where to
extension ? There 1lt us try it. post, hearsthat a captain of his regiment by the Congress to the President. If its intrust a commission as well as the Sen.
1. A detachment may be made from has passed to the neighboring town, with- powers are to exceed the design of the ate ? A few questions more, if answered
one company or regiment, &c. out calling at the post to report himself, legislature, then has the President casu- affirmatively, would result in saying, that
2. The detail may be unequal, or a se- The lieutenant mounts a horse and rides ally got a power not intended ; then the he had better become a king, declare war,
election of troops occur, into town, resolving to extract from hIis laws have been mistaken, and a remedy form treaties, raise armies, equip navies,
3. Besides being sent to attack, or to senior personal report to his junior. The imustbe applied by the wisdom oftheCon. &c. Se. This would not answer, either,
defend, or to scour a country, it may at- captain had kept on in the stage, or a con- gress. at this period of our republican existence.
tend altogether to matteuns of another na flict might have ensued. Our brevet rank, by the law, is honor Cannot a better mode be devised for
lure, Yv ihat matters are these ? Here A captain who had been, during the ary enough and important enough area bestowing commissions than the one fir-
the ground is dangerous; tread r.ot.too war, an assistant adjutant general, contin- dy. Small as the power was which the ed by the constitution; Shall we have
hard, or you sink. Rush not too far, cr ues to wear his epaulettes, and to style legislature, in its opinion, gave to the three branches to judge, or the legisla.
you are precipitated. Take care that you himself major, after the appointment in Chief Magistrate, it was too much: it tures of the states, or a military council,
are not again iost in mazes ; that you do thie staff had ceased by law, and the War has produced many evils, and will, unless or the people electing by counties ordis-
not, by extension, destroy the meaning of Department had, by order, taken away the speedily attended to, destroy our military tricts ? I doubt whether the wisdom of
dletachmesnt altogether, rank and pay. To be informed of the or- establishment, the present race can devise a method
SThe moment troops take up a station, der, was not enough ; when it was pro- Suppose three brigadier generals, A, more correct than that which was ftraned--
the detachment ceases, and the command duced to him, ha disputed the force and 3 aud C, placed on different points of the by the fathers of the revolution
of a post commences, according to very correctness of its language, and presumed same frontier, and that they rank in the WVe must submit, then, to the evils at-
sigti authority. I quote the opinion of to wear .-ia-.epauleates, and affect tlie order named, A, B, C; C is with a corps tending original appointments i and why
General AArmstrong, late Secr-etary of rank. which gets first engaged, ard is brevetted, not submit in like mahOper to the evils of
\Var. If other troops arrive at that sta- How great were the evils which annoy- from the date of the battle, a major gene- brevets ? Because it is better to endure
tion, how then ? Does the highest brevet ed us when the bullet buttons of the staff, r'al, our highest rank. B has the fortune little than much ; and because there is an.
avail .? Others happen to join, and the with their rank, overspread the land i to be employed next, eclipses the fame of absurdity in permitting new institutions to
position is a post or station ; is each ori- i1appily the law and the orders have over C, and is brevetted from the late ot his corrupt the whole system, merely on ac.
..tinal detachment sent there on service, come them in part. And yet some reso fete. A. happens tobe the last by a few count of one part of the system beingex-
yet a detachment, or all the troops col- intely hold out, through assurance, or days, in crossing with the army to which posed to inmperfection.- An opposite rea,
elected a detachment ? Who commands points of honor, or something worse, he was assigned, but he was only waiting soning would cause a man to starve, be-
the heal or brevet officer ? The 62d Shall we extend the boundaries of bre for the time indicated in the plan of cam- cause he was hungry ; o break his back
aril twr sy,"Iuonmrhsoe s a st a ta ht rop r sg.Hecnut dirby i e.i-wt u-hebcuet.r hciyi-


article ot war, says, If, upon marches, vet so far as to say that when troops are paign. He conducts admirably, his senior with a burthen, because that already im-
guards, or in quarters, different corps of brigaded, it shall have avail ? Go a few i, killed,he is left in chiefcommnand,enters posed was heavy ; to draw off all his blood,
che army shall happen to join or do duty paces further, and the limits are so undefi- the enemy's capital, shews all the skill because he had lost a few drops ; to cut
Together, the officer highest in rank uf the ned, that all th.e ground becomes in its and prowess of a finished general, elecHri. off his legs, bL cause they did not enable










him to move as perfectly as he wished.
In like manner, politically speaking. we
might tolerate the losses of all our pro
perty, vive up all our rights, and take
king Stork in the place of king Log. M'
opinion is that brevcts should be confin
ed strictly within the boundaries marked
out by the law and that they should not
be bestowed urttil the advice and cnsent
of the Senate have been formally obtain
td. Then they become limited a nd de-
fined, are less frequent. are tested by some<
certain and practical scale, and have a
sanction which r-ives to them character&
stability. Appointments to the higher
-staff, with the rank annexed, reqiii'e
the consent of the Senate. Ordinary pro
motions require the same consent, evsn
to the lowest grades. Why then should
rot brevets meet the eyes of that body
which is chost n fi'om the wisdom of each
respective state !
Give.to brevets all the force claimed
by some of those who hold them, and


SATI KRDAY, SEPT. 27.


We understand that a thorough inves-
itation of the com laints and calledd -ed


the P esidt'nt tlonie bestow. and what "6,LU::.::0;Al y.-
bltnqta ht t i,.,lit t Si h l JI UUA SO i OVnin to


are the consequences? An ensign may
he fostered and patronized and by the
succession of a few brevets may com.-
Tmand a regiment, a brigade, or army,
and rule the military concerns of the
nation, in despite of the senate, cont.ress,
ad the nation. If that body which r.:
,presents the states are not to be consult
ed as to who shall have the rank to coni-
mand the forces, then the general gov
ernment may throwv aside the check:i
formed by-the states, and an army coinm-
manded by the will of an ambitious Pre
sident may indeed endanger the liberties
of the country. -Is this a fancy of the
brain ? I appeal to the instances of as-
" sumption on the part of brevet officers,
,and ask,if they be right in their construc-
tion, where are the boundaries to limit
their strides, and wherthe impediments
to thwart the result just mentioned ?
Does not this render it clear, that this
sort of rank has attempted to assume a
consequence beyond all expectations;
that when the congress gave to the Pre-
sident the power to confer it, they viewed
the rank as honorary, availing in certain
regulated cases ; and that the power de-
legated.to the President was considered.
not too large to be confided ; would hot
violate the principles of our government;
become dangerous to the liberties of the
people; or' distract, or' confuse, or de
siroy the army.
The members of the army are now at
open war with one another as to this
rank so often mentiond. A decision
from the President should be had quick.
lv : but this decision must be confornia-
hie to the law, 'the regulations and the
true. definition of military terms; oth-
erwise the decision will not be accepted.
No one would saa that the President
would do wrong by design. Yet no one
is servile enough to say "the President
can do no wrong." His authority must
have right -on its sid-, to impose a sanc-
tion, and enforce obedience.
Let a class of, breveis be established by
law which shall have the force of regular
commission, and let the senate approve,
and there is no officer so humble in ins
own opinion, or so timid of his own suc
cess, that he would not heartily assent
A fair field is opened to industry, enter
prise, merit and hardihood ; a glorious
race will be run, an incentive to renewed
struggle occur at every step, and the goai
holds forth bright rewards, honor, rank
and fame,
But congress itself cannot presume to
give to the brevets already, bestowed a
force which the law and regulations un
der which they were made did not at
that period expressly sanction. A con-
trary law would have clearly a retrospe c-
tive tendency, and violate, the contract
formed between the government and the
military. Our oath to support the con
situation is the first in order, and must
be the first obeyed. All else in violation
of that sacred charter is null anid void, by
political and military reasoning,
When a citizen throws off the ordina-
ry habit, and assumes the sword in de
fence of his country, how much of bis nia
turalliberty does he yield for the public
good His r.ght of speech is restricted,
the press is in part shut against him, the
trial by jury lost in almost all cases, his
powers of locomotion limited, and lif,
liberty, and the enjoyment of happiness,
are with him precarious. Though he
may be the servant of the government, he
is still a citizen of the republic. Shall
the laws in being protect all ftiee men,
but not the soldier ? Shall they be so un-
defined as to lad him into continual dif-
ficulties by the force of constructive o-
pinions ? !The worst enemy of the state
shall not be condemned by constructive
treason.; so says the constitution. One
of the worst of th.e Roran emperors
wrote his laws in such small characters
and on pillars of such height, that the
IRoman people were exposed to condemn
nation by being ignorant of them. Shall
an American soldier stand on worse foot-
ing than a civil traitor ? Shall he live in
a condition worse than a Roman in the
times of the barbarian emperors ? For
even there a scaling ladder of some alti-
tude might reach the mysterious laws,
but here the law is exposed in print to
the naked eye, and a false and barbarous
construction is paraded to make it more
fatal than if it were altogether illegible!
If such is to be the condition of the mili.
tary of this country, then (though I would
not say, in the words of a certain New
Enghiuider, give me the British constitu
tion monarcy and all) I would exclaim, it
is better to die than to live in such a state
of outrage.
AN OFFICER OF THE ARMY.
.'ive.mber, 1815.

[The editors are under the impression, as a]-


Causes at tL11 .1ar ly cL oo lUUis soon toUU
be had by orderof the Executive, and that
orders have actually been issued for a
General Court Martial and Court of In-
quiry, to be held at West Point on the
th October next.

In about three weeks," says a Phila-
delphia paper, the election for Gover-
nor of Pennsylvania will take place." If
our readers weri' in the way of seeing as
much of it as we do. they would be glad.
to hear that the time approached when
the turmoil would end. The candidates
for the office of Governor are WILLIAM
FINDLEY, the present Treasurer of the
State, and JosEPHrs H ESTER, a Represen ,
tative from Pennsylvania in the last (,on
gress. As is frequently the czis,.in elec-
tions in the large states, one is at a loss
ro- thi political object of the great vio-
lence of contention between the parties.
This is so obviously the case on the pre-
sent occasion, both candidates belonging
to the Republican family, that the control
very is almost altogether personal. The
feuds in a family are sometimes as vio-
len as ever occur betweenneighbors out
of doors; and, hte'n 'this once seriously
Aiappens, the reconciliation which com-
nmon decency requires) is little better than
a civil hatred of each other. We hope
things are not come to that pass in Penn-
sylvania ; but we cannot see how thoe-
can ever hold social intercourse again
'i ho have so grossly vilified one another.


"* FROM AMELIA.

Every day brings confirmation ipf our
former accounts respecting the expedi-
tion to Amelia The information of our
St. Mary's correspondent is fully verified,
and his anticipations realized as to the re.
sult of an enterprise now regarded by all
as an unfortunate one. The Savannah
Republican of the 18th contains a letter
from a correspondent, in which the fol-
lowing paragraph is applied to .the per
sons who compose that expedition:
Perhaps there is no epithet more pros-
tituted than that of Patriot. A bankrupt
in property and reputation persuades one
or two mercenary characters to fit out a
vcEss l for himU which he fills with-a crew
consisting or all nations and colors, and
under a commission, of God.knows who,
robs evi.ry vessel that he ,'arcs to do
with, Jimliunity, dubs h 5 .1;' a Patriot
captain of a Patriot p~atieLtr.' A':buod
of men, raised in the United Stlies.for
the purpose ;of carrying on a piratical
warfare, and, that its support's might
make five hundred per cent for 'their ad-
vances, are sent to invade an unoffending
people in amity with the United States,
and they are called'Patriots." '
This dark picture is riot less gloomy
than what follows in illustration in the
same letter; of which, however, the Edi-
tor of the Republican in part disapproves
as highly colored." The following view
of the present state of affairs in that quar-
ter, we copy from that paper, as a per-
spicuous narrative of facts from the best
authority:


diverted from conim encing to write sqon-
er :y a battle at Ameiia'.-It conmniiiccd
at 4 P. M. and still conti.;ties. The
Spaniards commenced the attack with 2
gun boats, that came the inland passage;
and they have now two pieces of artillery
on M'Ciure's Hilt. On the part of the
Patriots are the fort, (which can bring
only two eighteen pounders to bear o;,
thIe endmy,) the brig St. Joseph of ten
guns, and two block-houses, with two six
pounders,which keep up an incessant fire.
I'he .orgiana lies in a position to knock
the town down should the Patriots be dri:
ven out ;. she has riot yet fired a gun.
It is now dark, your s, &c.
S"P. S. Just as I finished the above,
thl fi irig has ceased, and it is supposed
that the Spaniards will sturm the lines to
ti,,ht." [Saav. ReIp.

Office of the' Savannalh Museum & Gazette,
Wednesday Evening, Sept. 17..
Extracts of a letter fi-om a gentlemient ,i .1Ia-
,. .i s, o MacGregor is still on board a brig- at thue
south part of Amelia, waiting a a ind.
S" There remains about 6', officers andmen at
j c ,,. t.X-:iluisive of the c:ews of the Morgia-
i... ;itpnt... i.. and San Joseph. About 30 of'
".1.i '"-i0..d, went over to Amelia, about 2
miles from the town, and took 2 patriot officers
prisoners, killed 2, and wounded 6, anid retreat-
ed ; 4 or 500 are now on Amelia, abhot 9 miles
fior tle town, andan at ; ck is daily looked
for. Yesterday a small schooner, fitted out a-
bout,4 months ago at Amelia, for the coast of
Africa, was taken by he boats of the Morgiana,
outside the bar, and brought in with gold dust,
ivory and slaves. A French brig was .also sent
i a few days ago. The U. States' brig Saia-
nae detained yesterday a schooner from New-
Orleans, armeil and manned. I am ai-aid this
'river will become a scene of'singgling, should
thlie patriots.hold it. Sheriff' Hubbard is here,
and very active. The famnious Woodbine is also
below. This town is full of patriots that have
tleft Amlia: nerhans h soe 7 CipUtil. ThiC


mes o i blet[ ,,ia; perhaps some may return. eF
"rh. e cession of Louisiana by France having people of Florida are mostly opposed to the
To THEa ItsroRs. extended our western boundaries to New Mex- patriots ; nothing is wanted by them but a
hist the President was moving along the co the possession of the Floridas, to complete transfer of the province to the United Sates."
h te t as vinan ur chain of sea coast, became a momentous P. S. 7 o'clock, P M.-I lave been looking
Atlantic states, the Addresses to him, and his matter of national concern; and dth shameful since 3 P, M. at the battle at Amelia. Two
Answers, were read with great avidity. Less prostitution of the neutral charasctoi of these Spanish gun boats came inside, and male a re
so after he got into the interior, and western prIovinces, during our late war witi England, gular and handsome approach to within a mile
country. I have looked with more interest upon iddcd aresh evidence f o the. in p ocy of o e .nd a half .1 .. o A a c
is m v m t lr Eh he l tr c i ng it trea, h crousibraoign Po0,I 1 *.-L 1- ,the ,1ame=6 ine ^..'.;i,d L.) tohd \\ e ,:rc hl .h,,i,,,ci.
.ius movement tlnioungl the latterr, regiaS.-i key coft our southern states. I bus aIr i,. gen- ly see the shct from the town fall around the
where, often, instead of parade and ghttler, he oral interests of the union were'invoyled in the gun boats, and the shot from the gun-boats fal-
has ueen traversing a wilderness, his horse immediate acquisition of the Floridai. But no lingin the town, and aboait the brig fbrmerlvy
knee-deep in the mire, his hotel an Indian's hut' art of our country was so ideel.1 ,..... i ti. .wick, till dark, when the Lerwick
and his only guard at niguit the native chiefs oh Georgia. Otrecontiguity r toie n t: in it.e .,.. ...1 -.. her mainsail, I presume to get out, as
diani hnes rendered the underl. .,,, ntrin .' u.I e ',piaiards aere asi boring' les fior 1'-
the woods. Such has been his fare, with the hostility, pursued by the court of Madrid from Cure's eill. 'e irin has nogw spt, but the
commander in chief of the army, the veteran her trans-atltantic colonies ever since the peaceof result is not known. A firing was also kept upl
Brown, at his side, sleeping with his great coat '83, practicable and convenient. T- e Semi- at the back of the town. The Spanish gun-
as his bed, and his saddle for a pillow. What noies and Upper Creeks were continually m boats certainlybehaved i agailant manner; the
but a rn sense f pibhic duty could have Led tifrotier izens ad destroy firing was as ell conducted on boitLh sides, and we
but a strong sense of publicduty could he led their settlements. Our domestics were insti- could see it as wells if we were on the spot.n"
to all this spontaneous fatigue and toil, to scorch- gaed to desert by the promise of an asylum in
ing suns by day, and unwholesome damps by the fortress of St. Augustine, and malefactors, "
light ? wo oiight escape the arm Qf justice; were he- c-- By an error of the Compositor,
I at led to such remarks on reading, for v- cited to settle, and grants of land given them, in Thu
Samthe province. But the evil did eot stop in Thursdays paper, Fridayy was put in-
second time, the address from Jefferson College, there. Those renegadoes, those sweepings of stead of I- esday, as the day of adjourn-
in the interior of Pennsylvania, which appeared society, were encouraged to steal the horses, meit of the Court Martial lately) conveh-
in yesterday's Intelligencer. Not, indeed, that the cattle, and the slaves: of our citizens, aind ed here.
there is any thing rude in it; for it is the most naturaize them oi tile western part of the
interstit piece of composition, of tis ature, St. Mary's. The nuisance became more And
teresting peace o composition, of tis nature,more intolerable.- and East FioridA, at .the pre-. Divine Service will be performed in St
that I have yet seen, made up-of noble senti- sent hour, may with propriety be termed tue I John's Church to-morrow norrilng and
ments, expressed with force and beauty. I have Sodumof the New World. The studied insults, afternoon: to commence at eleven o'clk.
also read twice the admirable answer. If others the aggravated wrongs, the nefarious and insi- A e
link as I do, they will'have great pleasure in dious diplomacy pursued towards and heaped A..S -
reading both. The notice which the Prcsidenit- oi our u Coti ry, of o i se
L aims, but tihe pacific temper of our otational
takes of the illtstrious Jefferson, is not more councils, and p.eriaps the state of their relations ST-ATE OF MAR YIAND, .
just in itself than it wiil be gratifying to the with some of the greater European powers, ary s Cu ses
nation. A. B. induced them'to wait the result of ,.aryl;'s County, Orphans' Court,
Senber 26 negotiations, and endure as long as endurance: diugust T.ern 1817.
September 26. w as stieriable. N applica-on by petition, of Henry Ash.
Some onioLhs since,it was rumored that Gen. ton, administrator of Joseph Burroughs,
FOR THE NarioA.L IXT5I.LIO.ENCERa. MacGregor, in conjunction with some of the late ofSt. Mary's county, deceased, it is or-
miost hlionorably "zealous advocates of human dered that he give the notice required by law
eisrsiw. Gales & Seaton: rights in America, coutemlplated the reduction for creditors to exhibit their claims against
Sh ll a ti th of the Floridas. The chivalrous eccentricity the said deceased, and that the same be pub.
As I have called de attention te of the chieftain,and the unimpeachable reputa- listed onca in each week for the space of three
heads of the several departments, in this tion of his officers, guaranteed the pui'ity of successive weeks, in the National Litelligen-
place, to the subject of appointing Clerks their intentions; and the cause in-wluch they cer.
who are not naturalized, (and I intended meant to co-operate.ea aged the warmest feel. JAMES FORREST,
to object to no others,for many foreigners ings of every man friendly to liberty and averse Register of Wills for St. Mary's Chty.
have rendered useful and honorable ser- to monarchical tyrants. But the people of
vice to i country,) I would beg leave tlir'opy to wish every" success to the enterprise. s s to Notic
to submit a question to those heads of They knew that, besides avenging the suhfi.r- kVprI"A the subscriber of St. Mary's County
department, -. ho have such clerks in ingis 6i ai oppressed people, it would remedy -L- bath obtained from the Orphans' Court of
their employ. Can men who are not the grievances of which this state hl so long satid County, letters of administration on the
citizens., and who do not oe allegiance justly complained, and, at the close of the con- personal estate of Joseph Brroughs, late of
he l egy 11 test btetwee Spain and lier colonies, put the I U. the County aforesaid deceased-
to our government, be legally qualified to ted States in the possession of the Floridas, All persons having claims against the said
act as public officers ? without occasioning any rupture that might dec basedd are hereby warned to exhibit the
By an act of Congress, approved June convert our naked fronuers into the theatre of same, with the vouchers thereof, to the sub
1, 1789, sec. 4, all officers then appointed, barbarous war. That privateering would be scriber, at or before the 27th day of Match
or which should thereafter be appointed, carried onfiomil the Floridian harbors they ere nextthe may ibylaw beexclud
under the u t of t e U not ignorant; but that species of warfaref, itpm all benefit of the said estate.
under the authority of the United States, no subjected to proper regulations, sh a Given under my hand this 26th day of Sep-
are required to take an oath to support the the character of MacGregor and his officers tember, 1317.
constitution of the United States. And warranted tliem to expect, is neither repug- HENRY ASIHTON, Adm'r.
by an act, approved August 7, 1789, sec. nant to humanity orthe law of nations. It s sep 27-- 3t
3, those clerks are recognize-d and called an effective weapon against every maritime
officers. Hence I infer, that they must power, as the. contests between iolland and PUBLIC SALE.
take an oathence to support the constitution ain France and rinain, and the latter cous- ~ 'Pshall offea at pubi:c's.lt., on Tuesday,
take an oath to support the constitution ; try and our o.v, have abundantly prove. '. t the 21st day of October next, on the pre-
and, in addition tu that, they must, by t.e At length MacGregor, vwitil a small free, near hl thefollowingvaiua
last mentioutd act, "take an oath or afimr- appeared, and Amelia surrendered. '-There he ,be pronerty-About 20 acres of land, nevata.
nation well and faithfully to execute the sometime awatitedthe succors that had been sa' all rich bottom, a considerable part set in tim
trust committed to them." Then I take credly promised, taking every precaution which ohy. Tite improvements are a stone dw -
it for granted, that a clerl. who docs not prudence could suggest, for the ultimate suae- ing house, od a three story stone merchant
t t S ot te enterprise. indeed, so rly dimill, o an excellent stream, capable of mak
owe allegiance, coming within the excep- he rely on the faith of his engagements with in 0 n b xls ofn loulr r, aas bee ma
tion which I have taken, cannot be guilty persons at the north, that he declined the a rebuilt, i s in good order, and is in.iured a&ar.sIt
of treason againstthe United Stales, Yet, ceptance of an adequate force from Georgia for loss by tke. Also, with the above, 4 3-4iacre,.I
by an oversight in some ot our public offi- the reduction of the Floridas,because it wasof- of wood iand, about half a mil: distant. This
cersthey have become officers of the civil fered ots terms incompatible with his original property is on the bank of the Sihenandoah riv
cers,they haveecomecompact. ic soon founl, however, the fallacy er, and in the finest wheat country inVirgmi
government of the United States. I am of that contract. Reinforcements, under one e, a in the dispute eat one in ia
certain it must be an oversight in those pretence or atiother, were delayed from time to The iie w di tabe Onquired ihalfnd, andhep
gentlemen who have appointed them: for time; and, on the arrival of the Morgiana from balance will be made accoquiremodaind, an to the
it is not to be presumed that they would New-York, he was given to understand, that purchaser.
within do that which is contrary to law thesupporters of the expedition contemplated JOHN DOWNEY
wittinglyo that which is contrary to law. nothing further than the retention of Amelia EDM. DOWNEY
Smsention these things, not that 1 believe .Island as a rendezvous for their privateers. In- Jeffersmo County, Va. Sep 27-eo3w
at the present moment the government is dignant at the deception, lie and his of-~stn


really intimnated, that the w1siter of the above: injured by it; but because it may be in- immsn diately resigned their commands, and
Essay has been misinformed in one particular; jured in future. And I conceive that a 'vere succeeded by others, it is said, less scru-
hat is, as to the manner in which he intimates 'practice which opens the door to mischief, ostblisline now may b considered
dhat Brevels have sometimes been acquired.- should be closed immediately. .' mnch such a place as Tampico or Galveston.
Fhey never could have been bestowed from i If, therefore, the construction which I But though we have formed no very high opin-
some of such considerations as he has sug.- have given to the laws of Congress be ion of the motives by which those who retain i;
tested.] correct, and there are any clerks coming are actuated, we are far tiron considering them
.within the exception, that those. Deoar- asshecr bucca:eers, who respect the ifa of no
.I- nation. As I hey ire so well nowvn in th 0Uni-
ments to which they belong, will do their ted Sates, the utter impossibility of conceal iig
S.,. duty. I have been so repeatedly inform- whatever transpires at AtelitCi. and the force at
.- s--.j- ". :.<: .'ed that there are such clerks,tand my in- St Marv's ready to punish the smallest mifrac.
..",/ formation is derived from su'lh unques- o10n of oi'r ;ls, must rimake them exceedingly
;,-' '!'.. ,. tionable authc,rity, thlt I pi tsuni 1 sn declared ou g alny veisl bittsuc, a rc.
.'" ,'. ....-si l; ti f s pnzes l.,, .i.,. *.u.
.. l,-r i n9t be mistake n. I ish a r.: tey-eat."'~
.. pfr-[tof the ,overrinent to be ..1il.ni
-t- ji y ^... ed ; which, in all probability, wiill be most THE LATEST PIROMI THE ISLAND.'
effectually done by placing ml ii-, various .
\WASHINGTON : ramifications in the hands of [.ren who "St. 1Mry's, September 13, 1817.
owe it allegiance. AMERICANUS. It is nowjieariy dark, and I have been


Furniture, &c.
?f1O be disposed of at the house of Mr. Daniel
.L Brent, which is let to Mr. Adams, the Se-
cretary ofSutAe,the few articles remaining in the
house, which belong to the former, consisting
of a complete sat of Dining Tables, one Side-
board, with a marble slab, one set of rush bot-
tom Chairs, some Brussels Carpets,a convenient
.umilyi Carriage & pair of Hlorses, and some o'h-
er -articles. Sale to commence on Saturday
27,h, precisely at 10 o'clock A. M
A credit of 120 days will be allowed on all
sums above 20 dollars, on. the purchaser's giv-
ing approved negotiable notas.
DAVID BATES, Auc'tr.
At the same time and place will be sold a
quantity of fashionable French Paper Hang-
ings. D. B.
sep 94-
The Mansion House for. Sale.
FU~ltHE subscriber, wishing to sell that large
i two story brick building, lying in the vi-
cinity of the Potomac bridge, and far a long
time the residence of the late Mrs. Mary
Voung, will offer it at public sale on Tuesday
afternoon the 7th cf October next, at 4 o'clock,
on a credit of two, three and four years, the
purchaser giving bond with two approved se-
curities, bearing interest from the dayv of sale.
Four lots of ground, containing 12,000 square
fc'.t, more or less, upon which a part of the
house stands, will be offered with it.
MOTLEY YOUNG, Junr.
t DAVID BATES, Auct'r.
sep .11- ts
TO BE RENTED,
A GOOD three story brick Dwelling House,
near the 6 buildings, and lately occupied
by George McDaniel, Esq
The terms may be known by calling at the
house
sep 16-w4w -


F Street Establifshmef.
ZERKiL UNG, er-b.,n or, re-
tE tnis Is s n ee thanks 'o his fr ends &
t :b.ic ein general for 11 e encouragement I e
met w.thl i his line o business, and in-
,ms 1 em that he hs just received his Fall
Supply of G)>c1s, which insist ofthe very best
", fup'fin u he'hihdb's. bluen, black, b-iv, n
nnd otuer colo. 1d Cloth, do 2d alm 3d qu4,l
with I .oble r-ill-'d black, blue, Waterloi. atd
It .er .io edC:,s>imeres, with an e'ejasv sp.-
: V t Nigs, all oi'whict. will be n-de up
on the -,,-b s- notice, and in the latest fashion,
by the be-. -ft-F.'wkuen. ..
p"e!; 7-.s-2 wa,- 2

Susquchanna WVhite Pine.
OR S -.E -it Mr Strall oond's L .mber
Ya"d, .brit 't 6,000 feet of S,'isqaehlir.na
WVie Pine, wetl!e --oRed.'l. i h w;: be sold
-. a re'luced price, if .qfplie.! for -.n
F. GOiDON.
sop 27-3t

Marlborough Jockey Club Races
Tit.l. t k f- pla.e unr lic 14 1l, 1 ':.. .; 16 1h
'ft I next mot th; instead of-ihe 7th, 8th
and 9"h, li. herftof re advertised The rea-
f: +"f.s change -, that the. City Races take
place one week iater than wa-i e-.1'-te,-1
On ihe fi.'-t day a pu:se -. '11 t-.e run for of
S400, 4 m::es a 'd repeal:; the s cond day a
-urse of S200, 3 miles and repe n ; the 3-' day
2 miles and repeat, f< the net rcceeda of toll
and'booth money, wlech is expected to ue c n.
siderabte.
TIE STEWARDS.
N. B. The above raed. .to be runs agreeably
to the uiles of said Ciub.
t! 27-
lobert Kirby & Co.
EING Aippoinied Agehi for a Candie and
o;p S iimfectory,. have received a sup-
ply, which tney will sell at the .. ri .price,
a-'d will give the highest price I.,. cl.. r tal-

tieo gt:wn, S-p 27-6

Rlobert Kirby & -Co.
H AVE;jiiu; :eceivd, and oifer ori sale,
i 25 hlids p ime Sugars
30 [bis i do
1t0 hdlis retailing Molasses
10 do S1 and 4th proorSpirits
50 1b New England Rum
20 idt Whiskey
2 :..-;, -it roof French Brandy
50 .-r, '.. II e, prime green
30 chests aud half chests fresh Teas
ALSO,
A general assortment of Groceries, in store
Wicil they w 11 sell jow for cash.
Georgetown, sep 27-6t

A Morse and Gig for Sale.
A VERY decent GIGand an excellent MARS-
are to be disposed of by a gentleman wth6
'*is no fuirter occasion for them. They may
bo seen at present at J. W. Johnson's stable,
where the price may be learnt.
sop 27-

MISSING,
F ROM hIbs office, a volume of (he National
I. Intelhigencer of 1812, The gentleman who
has borrowed it will oblige us by returning it,
and certainly will do so on seeing this notice,
as it never was lent but on the most positive
protiie to return it-ismnedilely.
Sp 27-- .

Present State of France.
-1RA.N''CE, by Lacy M.- gian, from a journal
Kept in 116. wrih4 appendixes, by Sir
T. C. Morgan, on the state of law, fiiane-, me-
dicine and political opinion there-2 vols-S2
50. Just received for i le by
JONATHAN ELLIOT.
ALSO -rFOR SALE-
Colepin's Octolinguisi's Dictionary, a very
rare work, in good preservation, and the only
copy but Cn e m Am rica, two vole folio. Price
6125.
Free's Cyclopedia, Art erican edition, 62 parts
'oi hand, with the privilege of subscripti-ii.
Nides's Weekly Register to Sept. 1817, U.S.
official Register for 1817, Tobit's Letters,being
Reply t) F.rey's Narrative, Narra:ive of Frey,
a converted Jew, O'ive Branch, Miss Edge-
worth' Harrington and O-Omond, and her Comic
Dramas, Phillips' Specciies. Faber's Sermons,
Salmagunii, 2 vo4s, Langsdorfi's Voyages, Ta.
citus, 6 rols, Herodltus, 4 vols, Table of tU. S.
Post Offices, Bcackenridge's History of the late
war, b4eliAs's. Atlasses and Maps, portable
blink Booils, Fe3ival of Wit, Boliiibroke's
Trsvels in Guyana, on the borders of the seat
of war in Venezuela, Slates, Inkstands, Pocket
bo morocco and fancy Paper.
sep27-3it
FUR SALI,
! Rp E time of a Negro icy who has six year
Sto serve. He is a first rate waiver and
coachman, and a good cook, and would oartic-
ularly suit a gentleman travelling. He has
been brought up in a genteel family, and is sold
because bis services can be dispensed with.-
Apply to Mrr John Davis, at the Indian Queen.
sep S7-dtf













PRI\tIVAL S.E TCHES,
1,R.OM BURKE'S HISTORY OF VIRGIN]
From the .Vofik IllHrald.
Our readers, we doubt not, will per
with souhe interest, (in the-absenct
Dnews) the following incidents, deri
from the earlier records of the historic
our country. Th y are calculated to q
a pleasint.e exercise to the mind, by le
ing it back through the lapse of century
andl givi g it a participation in all
emotions which may be supposed to h
be: i felt by our adventurous fortefatht
as they aipprachel these (then) utnknr
.shres ; but more espe.ialiy in that im
tient c'iriosity which they must have
periemnced to become acquainted With
new race of beings wito inhibited th
shoi.es; an.- of whose character and ex
rim' appuerance they ihad no tct ual knt
ledge p' evious to their l.-nding. 'i
benevolence, frankness and generosity
these lai.ely- vtyl'd avageT, next attra
the 'rcadlr' a'teation, and calls upon
c:ec.k the flush of shame when h1 c
tr,.-atb such virtue and magnanimity w
the real ferocity of their civ.itzed int
ders. We dwell with rapture oi the no
hospitality with which the adventure
we.e received at the village of Granga
meo, and we can never forget the soli
tudeof his amiable consort to sh-.w thi
every mark of kindness and attetiti6
while, with feelings of disgust and sa
abasement, we voulii forever draw a v
over the base ingratitude with which
was requited at Aquascogok.
The expedition which made this fi
visit to the southern shoes of tb1inort
ern con intent, copsisitcd only of two sm
vessels, commanded by -caipains Phi
Amidas anird Arthur Burk,;i'y, and v
fitted out at the expense of an iasoeiati
of wealthy men in England, of w-ich i
Walter Raleigh was the principal,

"On the 27th of April. i 584.or adve
t' (urrs set sail from the Thames,and'paw
ed the Canaries aod the WVest Indies,
cot:u'se at that time, owing to the impr
fect stite of navigation, conceived to
necessary ; they approaci-"d the coast
Florida, and: fotind theimelves in sh<
wa~ter'. Land wa .not yet visible ; bat
delicious fragrance, with which the h*a
came i:aded.l, announced at once its nea
ness and dir'ecmon, and on the o-urth da
slill borne on thle Gulf stream, they sa
land.
The advemnturrs, after coasting 1I
miles, cast amacho,- a' W\Vctconi island,
NortI Carroiina.. This island lay betwec
Cape Hkiatter's and Cape Fe'ar,. It w%
cov,-iet;ed with wood, and-abouiided in.dei
and w;id t;wl.
n their i third day of their landing, tht
saw three oif 'e ni;atives in a canoe, one
wh-,oi wmut ashore and waited-. 'itli9t
any .signs of appireenisin, thie approach
of the Englishi. i e spoke lo;ing and ea
nestly to them in h[is own language, ati
we-r.t boldly noi,b',art'l the ships. IIavin
ex.-::ined eveery part with his eyes -an
totic-. i.e dep,;';: uc, mttuc1h pleased with th
str'n:,ge thLihgs hie hadi seen, and with som
triess v,'wiichi had b-ieen presented to himi
which he divided equally in two heaps
making sigus .that each vessel should
take one.
The next day several canoes appeared
in one of which came the king's brothel
whose name was Granganameneo. Tli
king himself, whose namewas \Winginia
lay ill of .the wounds he had received it
battle with a neighboring nation.
GRANGANA.MEO, having left the canoe,
at a distance, and withdrawn from thi
great body of his attendants, doubtless tc
do away in the breasts of the English al
apprehensions of danger, and at the same
timte a manifest his confidence in them
repaired with ouly four of his people :t
the point of land, where the 'Indians had
appeared the.day before. Having spread
a mat he sat down on one end, whilst his
four attendants occupied the other ; and
when the Eug-iah land d from their boats
he discovered no. apprehension, but in-
vited them to sit down by him on the nmat.
This invitation being accepted, he e-
vinced his joy by striking with his hasd
ofi his head and breast, and then on theirs
-signifying, by this, action, that they
were all one. His people preserved a
profound silence ; and when the Englisit
'ir:c'.-l Ihemin pi-es..n:s.he took them. into
hi ,%un, posssi.,.n making signs that
they were his servants.
After this interview, the natives came
in great numbers, bringing-skin, coral,
and materials Tfor dying ; but in the pre-
sence of Granganameo, none were per-
numitted to trade, those excepted wlho wore
pieces of 'copper on their heads. This
chief supplied them every day with ver.i-
son, fish and fri'uits, and invited them 'to
his habitation at Roanoke.
Tnis imutual interchange, of good offi-
ces having established a good understand-
ing between the Indians and English,;
captain Amidas, with seven others,"'vn-
tured in a boat up the river, Occam,* asit.
was called by the na.tives. The next
evening they arrived atthe isle of Roan-!
oke, at tlae mouth of Albemarle snund,:
about seven leagues from the harbor,
where they first anchored.
The village of Granganamon, situated
on the northern extremity of this island,
consisted of:nine houses, built of cedar,
and fortified with short palisades. When
the English arrived there in their boat,
Granganameo was absent; bat his wife.
received them wmth generous hospitality..
Their boat she ordered to he dt'awn on
shore, that it "might not be injured by.
tie surge ; the oars, for better secure ity,
were taken to her house; while the Eng.


"Which must be Pamptico Sound.
,a. -


:;V
"-" lish, by her orders, were conveyed from SELSCT' THOUGHTS
the boat on the backs" of the natives. She Presented to p minister ofstate in -rance,
(A. took off their stockings, and washed their take nfiom the .-Frenci of Al. Voltaire.
feet in warm water. When dinner was --
ready, she led them into an inner room, The riches pf a nation consists in the
use when they were feasted with venison, fish, number o(.its, inhabitants and in their
e of fruit and homoni. labour.
ved Whilst they were eating, some of her In the calamity of war, the richest na-
y of people came ir.nith their bows and ar- tion has necessarily the superiority over
give rows. The English, suspecting tieack- other nations, though in every other res-
ead- ery, flew to their arms ; but the wife of pect equal, because it is capable of pur-
ries, Granganemeo, perceiving their suspi- chasing more:allies and more foreign
the cions, ordered the bows to be taken from troops.
ave her people, their arrows to be broken, 5 If there are ninety millions in a nation,
ers, themselves to be beaten out of the house. all the cowipo'dilies and the price of labor
own In the evening, the English thought it will double 'yihat they would be if there
pa- prudent to return to their boat, and, havy- were but forty-five millions, and I should
ex- ing put off at a shall distance from the be as rich with two thousand" dollars a
the shore, lay at anchor, Their generous year when I bought meat at three cents a
ose hostess was hurt by this precaution.; but pound as I should be with four thousand
xte- there was no abatement in her desire to when I bought it at six, and every thing
ow- add to their comfort and accommodation. else was in the same proportion.
Fhe Provisions of various sorts were carried The true riches of a kingdom do not
of by her directions to the boat, together 'therefore consist in gold and silver, but
acts with live mats, as a protection against the in the.plentyofall commodities, in indus-
his weather ;. while several men and thirty try and labor. It is not long since there
on-. worsen were commanded to remain all was a Spanish'regiment on the banks of
'ith night on the shore,, as a guard against all the river Plata, all the officers of which
ru- possible danger.. ,had swords with hills of solid gold ; and
ible They returned'to England about 'the yet they wanted both shirts and bread.
ers middle of September, with two. of the Supposing then that since.Hugh Cap)-
na- natives', Manteo and Wanchese, who vo- yet's time, the quantity of money in the
ici- luntarily accompanied them. This dis- kingdom. has, not been increased ; but
em cover produced so much satisfaction in that industry has brought all the arts to
n ; the court of Elizabeth, that tdie Queen fan hundred times greater perfection, I
elf- herself named the country Virginia, in al- assert that we are a hundrecl times richer
veil. lusion, it is thought, to her own virgin than we were in the time of Hugh Ca-
I it state, or as some -have imagined, to the pet.
unadulturated purity & innocence of life For possession is riches : now I pos-
rst and manners of the natives. sess a house more airy, 'better built and
th- The glowing description given by the better contrived than Hugh Capet him-
,all advent'.,rcers of the fertility aidbeatuty of selt possessed ; vines are better cultivat-
lip Virginia, excited the curiosity and ava- ed, and I'drink better wine ; manufac-
vas rice of the people ; and Sir Richard tures are brought to greater perfection,
on Gremville, a kinsman of Mr. Raleigh, and and I cat tirir clothes ; the art of pleas
Sir of emifience and repute at that time, its a 'ing, the taste by mere delicate seasonings
military man, sailed the following year makes me every day enjoy richer repast
:from Plymouth, with seven ships. H'e than the royal festivals of Hugh.Capet. I
en. went by the usual route ofthe Canaries If a sick person was to desire to be :s
ss. 'andt the West Inlies, where he made. conveyed from one home to another, and
a two Spanish prizes; and, after having obliged to make use of a cart, while I
er. narrowly escaped shiipwieck on Cape cause myself to be carried in a commo-
be I'ear, he came to anchor oil the island of dibus and agreeable coach, in which I en- 1
of Wococon. on. the 2.6'tn of June. joy the pleasurLt of the light without be- c
oai Mvanteo, who had returned with this ing incommoded by the wind ; it requires s
a. expedition, was of essential service to the 11o rnl r'. rii tCy ill a kingdom to sus '
le ad'.enturers. H.is'knoiieKdgve ofthi coast peid a box of painted wood or leather;
,r.. made himi useful as a pilot ; and of their it requires only. industry, and so of the i
*y. language, as an ir-terpreter ; while his rest.
aw Attachment to :he persons of the. Eng- They are certainly rich who enjoy all
lshi-alid his zeai in their cause, smoothed these advantages which industry alone
20. the difficulties.to a fr7ee and" friendly in- procures.. A kingdom is not,, therefore, I
in tercourse with his countrymen. enriched, by ni ney, .hut by genius--I
tn Under his guidance, they made several mean, the genius which conducts the la-
as ,xcm'rsions aol visited several villages bor of industry. .
e' on the islands ad oil the main'. Commerce produces the same effects a
Atf one of these towns, called Aquas- as-the labor of the hands-It contributes r
;y cogdk, an Indiali stole a-silver cup,which, to the pleasure of my life. If I have oc-
of not being returned precis.ey-at the time casioa tor some pieces of work made in
ut promised. drew down 0o; the natives tha the Indies, or some natural production ;
ih indiscriminating vengeance of the Eng- only to be found at Ceylon or Ternate. a
r. lish commander. Tile town of Aquas. these anuts make me poor, but I become ::
d cbgnk was burnt, and the standing corn rich when .they are gratified by corn
g destroyed in the fields, whilst the af- mvrce.; I did not want g Id and silver,
id f6ighte d peopleie-to-4e-weeds-for-*+me-*iL.ai Linamon.
e protection. But those who, at the hazard of their
e Such return did the English make to lives, sail six thousand leagues for me to
; this innocent people, for their generous drink coffee, are only those that may be r
i and dismitersted reception of theii ; for spared rout of the laborious part of the na- -
d their anxiety to relieve their wants, bya tion. Riches. therefore, consists in the t(
liberal and regular supply of provisions; great number of men inured to labor. de
, for ti'he services of Granganatheo and The end of a wise governments, there
r, his wif, and the unsuspecting confidence fore, evidently .multiplying the people, de
e reposed i i.them. All former acts of and giving encouragement to labor. sa
kindnuss were obliterated front the minds The best government is that in whichof,
n of those real savages, by the. loss of a. there are the fewest useless men. x
ccup;Tgr which even the orfender had Frbriv whence does it proceed that there
s not been punished in a civilized commu- have been nations who, while they had' te
e nity, without sufficient proof and the a- less money than we have at present, have
o agency of a jury. immortalized their memory by works
l; A\'ri Ii ds *,;: :;:,Y Grenvil!e sailed to which' we dare nQt imitate ? It is evider-t
e, the Islatid' of Hateras, leaving behind ,that their-goverhment wtias better adimin-
Shim'ohe'hindred and eigit persons at istered than ours, since it gave greater en-
Roanoake as a colony. Mr. Ralph Lane couragement to industry. op
was constituted Governor, and Philip A Taxes are necessary, and the best me- Joi'
I midas, oneof the captains in the former thod of raisitig them is that which best -.or
s, voyage.,was appointed admiral. Thomas promotes labor and commerce.
. Heriot, the, celebrated 'mathematician-, "A Voluntary tax is hurtflil. Nothing
and friend of Sir' Walter Raleigh. withy.but charity ought to be voluntary, but in j
several others of note, remained behind, a well regulated state there ought to be .
with the colony. no room for charity,
Whilst the fleet lay at anchor off Hat Paper honey is to specie what specie
teras, Grapganameo paid his last visit to is to merchandize-a representation, a sta
the 'English, in company with. Manteo. medium of exchange. -
After this, Sir R. Gr'enville sailed for Money is useful, only because it is
England, and on the eighteenth of Sep-' more easy to pay for a sheep with a pis- r,
tember, he .arrived, at Plymouth with a tole than to give for a sheep 4 pair of J
ric, )p tis',l prize, which.he' had taken: stockings. for
on the passage.'.. It is in the same. mariner more easy for i b
--- a receiver of Provence to send 400,000 i7e.
'lhe atteiion ofGrangtanameo and his wife lives to the treasury in a letter, than' to o'S
bers so strong' a resemblance: to the conduct of a to
the inaives and their clief, Guanahari, at St cause that sum to be sent at a great cx u,
Thomnas, described by Columbus, that it a pence i specie from hence-a bank and '1
pears not iniproper to mention it: "The king bills of credit are useful. nhst
says he, in a letter to Ferdinand and Isabella, ho
'having' been informed of our misfortune, ex- :'. r
pressed great'grief for our loss 'and iinmed ately WONI)ERPUL FISH. ra
sent aboard allu'the islanders,.in many large ca. ral
noes: We sooi unloaded the ship of ever rest
thing that was upon the deck, as the king gave In a history of Kent, published in wil
ds great assistaince-He himself, 'with his blro- England a few years ago, after an enu- doc
iters and relations,'took all 'possible care, that ration' of several uncommon fishes we are
every thing soul be proely dine, both a find the following account of one, taken fth"
sent some:of his relations to me weeping, to 8tt:St. Pete s in the isle of Thanet, the r
beg me not to be dejected,-for hlie would give, $th of July, 1574.
me all he had. I can assure your highnesses, He shot himself en shore on a little me
that so iccare.wouldnot e taken to secure sand, called Fishness, where for want of man
our effects in any part of Spain, as all oupo- itei" lie died 'the ext day, be- d
perty was puttogetlierin one place, near his ,.t"e wi ie thi r n was hea a- e
palace, until the.houses, which ho wanted to fore which time his roaring was heard a- est
prepare ftor the custody of it, were emptied, bove a mile. His length was twenty two it in
Heimmediately placed a guard of armed men, yards, the ether ,jaw opening twelve -if,
who watched during the whole night, and those feet; one of the eyes was more than a eass
on shore. lamented, as if they had been muc crt and six horses could draw ; a man -
interested in our loss.'" ct d x horses could draw ; a man ay-
Life fCob,hembu., c. 32. stood upright in the place from which curi;
L ife q ~rnn c. the eye was taken ; the thickness from 'nte
UDlion Bank of Georgetown, his back to.thetop of his belly (which Toti
o eptember 2t, 1817. lay upward) was fourteen feet ; his tail of he.
eTHE Board of Direetors have declared a the same breadth ; the distance between capi'
.. .dividend on'the Stock held in this Bank his eyes "was twelve feet; three men na'e
for the half year ending the 30th int, at the stood upright ini mo so i ,
rate'lf 10 .per centa-year. Thesmewl wl ribs were sixteenhis mouth ; some of his li r,
paid oa: or after the 1st ofOctbr. to hosedu.e sixteen feet long his liver u


ly authorized to receive div;derds. was two cart loads: and a man might "
D. ENGLIS 1, Cah'r. creep into his nostrils. Ri
sep26--.3w ., ,.


Rise of Tickets in the WAR DEPAlTM::.1 :.
Great Surgical Lotery. June 9, 1817.
rea otter This is to give notice,
COHEN'S Lotte'ry and Evchaiuge Qfice. nHIIAT separate proposals will be received at
1j_ the office of the Secretary for the Depart-
T 'ICKETS in the grand scheme, ONE HIUN- nient of War, until the 31st day of October next,
DRl_ ? D THOUS ,ND DO1,LARS highest inclusive, for the supply of all rations that may
prize, will rise to Fifty Five Dollars on Satur- be required for the use of the troops of the
day the 1tthGctober. until which time they may United States, from the 1st day of June, 1818,
be had at inclusive, until the 1st day of June,1819, within
eCaOHEN'S thc states, territories, and districts, following
Lottery andl Exchange Cjfice. 10. Mar- st. At Detroit, Michilimackinac, Green bay,
ket Street, JBaltimore, FortWayne, Chicago, and their immediate vi.
At the following prices: counties, and at any other place or places where
Whole Tickets fift'y Dollars each, troops are or may be stationed, marched or re-
Halves '25 Fifths 10 cruise, witn theterritory of Michigan, the
Quarters 13 50 Tenths 5 vicinity of the upper Lakes, and the state of
Eigehihs 6 25 Sixteenths 3 12 Ohio, Ranl on or adjacent to the waters Cf lake
(O,'Grders from any part of the Union, enclos- ichig ..
ing the cash, or prizes in any of the hate lotte- 2d..At any place or places where troops are
ries, (post paid) will meet with the same pr ompt or may be stationed, within the-states of Ken-
attention asift'on a personal a:.plication, address- tucky and T ennessee.
.oI. t 3d. At St. Louis, Fort H'arrison, Fort Clarke,
ed to ICOH r Fort Armstrong, Foft Crawford, Fo'rt Osage or
No. 110, Market-street, 'altimore. Fort Claik,, on the Missouri river ; and at any
*x* The day of drawing will soon be announ- other place or places where troops are or may
ed -the wheels being now in preparation. be stationed, marched or recruited, within the
Sepd 6 s e state oflndiana, and the territories ofIllinoisand
sep 6 3 Missouri.
FOR ENT,. 4th. At Fort Montgomery, Fort Crawford,
RE T, Mobile, Fort St. Philip, New-Oi'leans. Baton
MrE HQOUsE at present occupied by Thorn- Rouge and Port Claiborne; and at another
L1 as Burch', at the Wasi.ngton tean1 Boa place or places where troops are or may be sta-
Landing, at the east end of.the Washington tioned, marched, or recruited within the Missis-
it 'idge, Possession given the 1st of October, lppl teritory,he state of Louisiana and their
A8. OJ.iE' "i vicinities, north of the Gulf of Mexico.
A. CHESH Io, i 5th. At any place or places where troops are
Washington Bridge. orlmay be stationed, marched br recruited with-
sep 26--3t ia tihe District of Maine andstate of ew lianip-
o.r a.shire.
NOTICE. s 6th. At any place or places where troops are
rptHE aurviving relatives of-John De Bell,late or may be stationed, marched.or recruited within
pf Prince W dliam Countv, Va. are here, the state of Maqsachusetts.
informed that he departed this life on the 15th 7th. At any place or places where troops
of March last, without having made any wiil. are or may be'stationed, marched or recruited
They are therefore requested to come forward, within the states of Connecticut and Rhode
.a.id receive that portion of the estate which. is Island.
now read for distribution. F S 8th. At any place or places where troops pre
JEREMIAH DE DELL, or may be stationed, marchedor recruited with-
Administrator of John.De Bell, dc'd. inthestate of NewYork,north of the Highlands,
Paris, Fauquier Ct'y, Va,? and within the state of Vermont.
Sep 'l'4-6-3t S '9.th. At any place or places where troops are
.Ie ad or itay be stationed, marched or reeutited with-
One Hundred Dollars reward in the state (foNew York,souLli f the highlands,
%'TILLL aie given for the aipi-chenmicnofne including. West Point, and within the state of
?V gro boy JIM, who rair away from the New Jersey.
.ubscriber in the night of the 30th of las' 10th. At any place or places where troops are
month. Said boy is about 19 years of age, 5 or may be stationed, marched or recruitedwith.
feet 4-or 6 inches.ligh-he s stoop houlder'd, 'n the state of Pennsylvania.
f a surly and .rather unpleasant countenm.-.lec; 11th. At any place or places where troops are
lus counple::ioht nol very b!..ck ; lias a scar on or mav be stationed, marched-or recruited with-
is cheet:, (which one is not recollected) oc in tile slates of Deiaware, Maryland and the Dis.
casionelby a btu'n, and orneof his fore teeta; is trict of Columbia.
somewhat decayed. fsi t'.ok with hirmna blue 12th. At any place or places where troops are
;oat with yellow buttons, and atn olive colored or may be stationed, marched or recruited with-
taxed surto'lt, both of fine cl',th, and a good in the state of Virginia.
teal worn;; a blue cloth waisacoat, brown lind- 13th. Atany place or places where troops are
sey roundabout jac.iket, a pair o! black ribbe'dt or may be stationed, marched or recruited withi-
a.sii'mere iad oli. e velvet pRaIta'doo:is, and a iti the state of North Carolina.
;n-isbibuit andi! pantatoons ti i( ght blue crops- 14th. At any place or places wheretroops are
).;rred cton. His hat and shoes we're old ;or may be stationed, marched or recruited with-
ie went away iT) company. with a iVutlatto boy t lihe state of S.outh Caro!ina.
,'f.e'.reiy Js o.tn age/but not quite so allt,ct.. 15thi. At 1''bee-Barracoas,f.ortHau'kilns& Fort
I-d Joshu:;. be!>ngi:;.''ito a 'gentleman of this Scott; and atany other place or places wi-erc
iwn. 'They will probumy' keep together for troops are or may be stationed, marched or re-
oiaie time,.andati' my boy hia oi'ften expressed' cruitcd, within the state of Ge' e 'gia, incl'idifig
wish to go to se,a-id has been traced on the that'part of the Creek's a'-nd ly'ltg within the
oad toward Bd8ahir';ore,it is likely lie w;I' go territorial limits of said state.
that place or .- 'e other seaport, and en.Jea- A ration 'to consist of one pound and one
.'r ta find emplo.',- cn b.ard a vcae-l. i wi'i qiiuarter of Ieef,; or liree quarters of a pound of
as.. the above rew-,'d for die apprehension o salted pork, eighteenounces o brea o flour,
aid bay, and his !teing secured and.ke.ptit, one gill-of'rum, whiskey or brandy, -and at the
aol so that I can get him, and all reasonaiblt rate of two quarts of salt, four quartts of vinegar'
xpences it'f brought home to me at this place ouru l pounds of soap, and one pound and' one
'a propo-rtiun for any correct information half of candles to every hundred rations. The
lre he may e ound rices,of the several conipoaeimt parts of tie
e Ate.y USTUS .WERNINGER..- nation' must be parLic.ulariy mentioned in the
Moraan -ow', Vi. Sep 15-26-2:aw2m proposals, but the United States reserve the
Sight of making such alterations in the price of
NOTICE. the component parts otthe ratfion aforesaid, as
tiHE subscriber habah obtained from the Or. shall"aake the price of eachli partthereof-bear:a
. phalis' Court of WaslingtLon County, ust Iproportion to the proposed price of the
otters of Administrtiperse ron on action. The rations are to be futiished
te of Mary .elin, late of I. slington Cit',' i such quantities, that there shall, at all times,
ceased. 'during the term of the proposed contract, be
All persons having claims against the said sufficient for the consumption of the troops for
*ceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the s.x months, in advance, of good and wholesome
me tothe subscriber, with the vouchers there- pr'ovisions,if the same shall be required. It is
, on or before the twenty-fourth day' of also to be permitted to all and ever one of the
arch next they may otherwise, by law, be comnandanats ofortiied places or posts, to call
eluded from all benefit of said estate. fbior, at seasons, .when the same eCan be transport-
Given under- my hand, this 25t: day of Sep- ed, or at any time, in case of urgency, such sup.
mber, A.D. 1817. pies of like provisions, in advance, as in the
J JOHN C lRNES. discretion of the commander shall be deemed


sop 26-eo3w

El Signor Vito Viti
LAS the honor to inform the inkh.,bitantm of
SGeorgetown and. Washinigton, that he hba,;
aned, for a hew days only, in the store ad-
ing the store of Mr. Clark, Merchant Tay-
Bridge street, Georgetown,
Most elegant alabaster Vases
Dodo French china Sets
lusts of Georgne Washington and Bonaparte.
A small assortment of Jewellery
Handsome Caricatures and other colored;
Engraviings
N. B.--El Signor Yito.Viti will, during his,
y, clean and set stones. in jewels
ep 26-3t

C.ity"k otel, Richmond, Va.
ItlE proprietor of the hotel formerly known,
'as the Eagle Tavern, has been engaged.
more than 2 years past in enlarging this es-
lishment, and making it in. every, respect
culatad for.the accommodation ofP the pub-,
He intends opening it eon Mond.iy, the I t F
September. Those wlio have seen it wii .
pirt him in the assertion that he has spar
no pains or expense in '-he finishing or fur a
thing it in a style perhaps not inferior to a0)
ise on .the. continent. He hopes, that iu" 6
niture and bed rooms will contribute to
e avway the reproach which has been gene-,
y levelled against public houses iii these
pects. & variety of pleasant bed rooms, :
It contiguous sitting rooms, neatly futrnish- i
are appropriated expressly for the accom- t
la-ion of travelling families His sables
spacious and con-. nient,wa II supplie-d wih A
best of farpge,and an inexhaustible source c
iver water conducted into tihe stable yard.
'he suibsriber is aware that no advertise e
at can introduce the establishment into no- .-
; it must rest, like every other, upon the b
tner in which it is conducted. But he ha.- a,
eep stake in its success, and his own inter- v
wi I compel him to deserve :t. If, to keep ,
a a-yle commenrisurate widl its equipment. t
to lay in the best liquors andt viands of ev- .
description-if a constant attention to the
enger as well as the inhabitants of this ci-.
ifa wish to oblige be the best means of se '.
ng a share of the public patronage, his owi ii
rest will c, mpel him to study these means p
ts, a ltaiinm nt.
he house ia situated on .the-main street, in is
central part of the city, convenient to the
tol, the public offices and banks. The maI F
meant ofit i4 entrusted to Mr. Lewis Mi- ee
S.vwhos'e assiduity and skill in this line of 9i
'iess have been tried and approved ,of by
ho know him..
ED HALLAM.
chmond, Aug 29-sep 2-w4wi


proper.
It is understood that the contractor is to be
at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies
to the troops, and that all losses sustained by
the depredations of the enemy, or by means of
the troops of the United States, shall be paid
by the United States, at the price of the article
captured or destroyed ;is albresaid, on the de-
positions of two or more persons of credible
characters, and the certificate ofa commissioned
officer, stating the circunistance of the loss, and
the mottunt otthle articles for which compensa.
tion shall be claimed.
The privilege is reserved to the United
States, ol'rerqiiring that none of the supplies
which may be furnished under anv of the'pro.
posed contracts, shall be issued, until the sup.
plies which have been or may be fqrnished
under the contract now in force, have been conl
Sinned,
GEO. GRAHAM,
Acting Secretary of War.
Juune 10 --tOl
Surgical Iustitution.
HB subscriberss announce to the public
._:'-that, autliorised by the State Legislature,
lute have established o Su ,gical Institution, for the reception of pa.
tints requiring surgical aid, and that they are
i,)w ready to accommodate a considerable
lumber.
The buildings appropriated to the purpose
are spacious and commodious, a short distance
rom town, and'situated in an elevated and re.
narkably healthy part of the country. Pa-
tients may be mccorimodated in the different
iuil,':ngi, according to their diff-rent situa.
ions in life, and wilh as trucn comfort sand
convenience as if lodge in their own houses.
It is intended to receive in the Institution
*very description of surgical disease, and to
exclude all lebrile and other diseases, ca;)a.
bie of imparting contagion, or infecting the
atmosphere, as we:l as all maniacal and coa-
ulsive diseases. A particilp.r- port of the In-
titution will te allotted the diseases of the
ye and .ear, and for the various operations
liici it is sometimes necessary to perform.
The subscribers have appointed, as snpe?-
ntendants of the Institution, a St ward and
patron,. who, from their long caj rience in
these departments, and accommodating din-
osiions, are eminently qualified to render
he sick comfortable, and to afford general sat-
faction.
Two rods lead to the Institution, one by the
alls -urnpike, the other by Madison street
tended. -the particular spot i, designated Ly
anger posts.


Batimore aug 3O--wr


TWM. uGIBSON,
Surgeon,
JOHN OWEN,
Physician.
3in


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