NILES' WEEKLY REGISTER.
NEW sERIEis. No 21-VOL. I } lIALTIMURE, JAN. 17, 1818. [No. 21-Vor.. XIII. WnHOL- No. 333'
THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE.

PINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. WILES, AT $5 PER ANfUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.

BAi KS ANDI NEWS-PAPERS IN THE UNITED STATES. t'y 0of the country in every branch, is either destroyed
We have already noticed a receipt of a list of or paralysed, that still Mr. Niles, who professes to
the newspapers published in Virginia, through the treat of political economy and statistics, should so
politeness of the editors of the 1iichmond Compiler, strangely mistaikeor overlook, what must be plain to
with whom the project of listing all that issue in the commonest smatterer in such discussions.
the United States originated. Since then we have Perhaps Mr. Niles finds that those opinions are
received very neat tables of the banks, established better adapted than plain matter of fact, to the
by law, and of the news-papers published in the state taste of his readers. He has a right to indulge in a
of JVew-York, from Jesse Buell, esq. editor of the taste of that kind, if all Ihings within agree: but it
Albany Aqrgs-and lists of the news-papers of Ken- is neither a reasonable nor a proper mode of esti-
tucky and Ohio, from the editors of the "Commen- mating what is right or wrong in the United States,
tator," and of the "Scioto Gazette,"* respectively, to contrast the affairs of monarchies with ours. In
To those gentlemen we respectfully offer our thanks, our private condition as a people, iwe owe nothhin3
assuring them that no pains will be spared to ac- to our government on the score of prosperity; our situ-
complish the purpose to which they have so prompt- ation bears something like the relations which sub-
ly contributed. It is hoped, however, that the most sist between a great estate, under the hands of a
-* .'I information about the banhks may not be ne. land steward, who has to overlook and pay the per-
gl''ct'.: The fact is, that a list of the chartered sons employed, and pay himself for services; but
banks in the United States, with some general re- who instead of attending to his trust, and inprov.
marks on their condition, might justly be consi- ing the trust reposed in him, had turned his atten-
dered as an important article. tion to a little private farm of his own, and let the
estate in his care go to wreck; the fences torn down;
"A Kentuckian," through the Frankfort ",Jrgzts" the roads without repair; the bridges fallen in, and
of the 26th ult. has addressed a long letter to the not a new path, bridge, or road repaired; the ne-
editor of the Weekly Register, in respect to the groes indeed go on and delve, and work as well as
colored population of the United States. It has they can, the soil is fine, and it requires only a fo-;-
received an attentive reading and is laid-by for tering eye to the improvement; but the overseer
insertion as soon as a needful attention to primary knows this, and knowing attends to his farm; he re-
objects will afford room for it. ceives all the correspondence and answers letters,
and what the negroes earn is paid in; but as to any
care about the rising family of the owner of the es-
"FnllanciaI Prosperity." tate, the steward cares very little; he must surre:)-
FROM THE AUILOIA. der his stewardship; and let those who are to follow
A-r'. Duane-I am surprised that you have not repair the fences.
noticed an article in A.iles' Register of the 27th of Exactly in this way, sir, do I consider our govern-.
December 1817. That paper is a very valuable ment administered; and while the great income
one, from the diligence and care with which the from the negro labor only proves what the estate
passing events and documents of every public kind, might become under free industry and good stew-
are preserved in it. Mr.,Niles has presented at hardship, I cannot by any means admit, that the
different times many discussions on political econo- steward shall have a merit ascribed to him which
my and statistics, and the opinion has prevailed, arises only from the natural riches of the'state.
that on these subjects he was a good authority to He appears not to know that there is any nation
be referred to, and his personal character has sanc- in Europe whose receipts are equal to its explendi-
tioned this opinion. ture. Then he has not read enough to know the
In the'paper to which I refer above, he has pub- truth. England receives more in one year than
lished what appear to be his opinions, under the her expenditure, besides,debt: France receive.
title of Financial Prosperity, in which lie either mis- more in one year than her expenditure: Sicily,
takes what .financial prosperity is, or le must con. Sweden, Prussia, and Russia, receive more in one
sider that kind of prosperity as a distinct existence year than is required by the expenditure of that
from political economy and national prosperity, year. Spqain and Portugal are perhaps the only
I notice this occurrence, sir, because if Mr. Niles nations in Europe whose annual income is under
is right in his notions, 1 must have been mistaken the expense; and one of your correspondents, who
through a long life; I recollect when the worthy writes under the signature of Colbert adds another,
Isaac Briggs brought before congress his admirable that is tle Grand Seignor, who has no public debt nor
but neglected views of the true policy and economy sinking fund, and whose treasury is always over-
of this nation, that Mr. Niles bestowed on it an at- flowing nevertheless.
tention which led me to believe he concurred in I am an oldish man and my old notions stick to
the opinions of Isaac Briggs; if lie did concur, it me-1 have always supposed that the happiness 'of
appears inconceivable to me, how the late opinions tlhe people-their prosperous industry-the abun-
of Mr. Niles are to be reconciled with those of na dance of their means of supporting their progeny
tional suffering, and a system which while it ena. -were the true indications of national prosperity-
bles the administrative authorities to conceal their but Mr. Niles appears to consider thatt,all these
incapacity, and to expend millions without system things may be reversed*-and that however sile
.or wisdom, and -i.7'.. :. productive f/ee indus-
S*The writer might as well have said that I aep'
*The editor of the "Ohio Monitor" has also fur- peai-ed to have great affection for legitimate princee',
nished a list. and sighed for an "establisihtd chtrch."-f[ti. R.Q,;
VoL. XIII.- 22.







5.s NIIES' REGISTER--JANUARY 17,1818-"FINANCIAL PROSPERITY.'

industry of the people may be cut up and disre- purport, and I was unable o gatir i. outofthe
garded-they must be very prosperous because the observations upon it.' It consists of a few comn
treasury is overflowing. COMMON SENSE. non-place paragraphs, rapidly written, and
REMARKS BY THE EDITOR OF THE REGISTER. published without reflection-because the case
H-laving read the preceding, "says I to my- did not require much consideration, and an im-
self"-if I have said any thing that is in oppo- portance is given to it that it is not entitled to.
sition to a firm belief that the "happiness -of What is its amount?-that the United States,
the people-their prosperous industry-the and the several states, were fi uinially pros-
abundance of their means for supporting their perous. This is the entire sum and substance.
progeny-were the true indications of nationt- Is not the fact so? "Common Sense" has
al *prosperity,"' it is at open war with every either mistaken the meaning of the word
tilng that I ever said, or at least meant to say, *'financial," or strained for itan application that
in the whole course of my life. But I never said i was not intended to bear. I have been told
any thing like it. thatfinance is a French word-meaninga sum
The articles on political economy and statis- or sums of money paid to the French king; but,
tics which have appeared in this work, it is ve- by common acceptation, means also the reve-
ry probable, have been more esteemed by some nues or treasures of any state or' overnment.
than they deserved to be, on account of the ra- If, then, we are not in a state of "financial pros-
rity of such things. Their compilation is labo- perity," I have erred. But it seems, that if
rious, and, indeed, it is not many of those who the treasury of any country is overflowing with
are pleased with such subjects that will take the money, that its finances must be considered
trouble to examine them (when prepared) for prosperous. However, it is no less true that
themselves; and results on desired objects may such prosperity may not be based-on a sound
be too freely accepted. But this is not my economy. An excess of public money is not,
fault. Whatever I have said is open to candid in itself, evidence of a nation's prosperity;
investigation, and if error is pointed out I though, in a liberal government where the peo-
will hasten to correct it. I have only to ask pie tax themselves, it is a strong presumption
that opinions may not -be imputed to me that of it. Common sense taught me these things
never were held or expressed. The writer's many years ago, and also assured me that nta-
ideas, as to political economy, have been fami- tional wealth depended upon the profitable em-
liarly used by me for several years past, and ployment of its people, especially at HOME.
are as familiar to my readers as my name.- Those opinions I have felt it my duty to advo-
Leaving out what is said about the alleged "in- cate and press upon my readers with unbound-
capacity of the administrative authorities," &c. ed zeal, though with less ability than their great
as involving opinions that I do not feel free- importance merits; and, perhaps, I have done
dom so discuss in the REGISTER, though, I ap- as much good in respect tosuch matters as the
prehend that a difference of sentiment might writer who assumes such an imposing signa-
be u.ijpor ted, I decidedly agree with "Coin- ture.
mon Sense," and trust that I always shall do The writer is pleased to declare that "my
it. My essays have had for their chief, indivi- personal character has sanctioned" my opinions
sible object. the encouragement of national in- as being "good authority" on political economy
dustry, and a constant looking at HOME for the and statistics. What a pity that such a pretty
only certain means of national prosperity, compliment should be so strangely mangled by
Sixth my amiable and intimate friend, "the the"perhaps.Mr. J.iles finds those[erroneous]
worthy Isaac Briggs," I have the pleasure to opinions better adapted than plain matter of
continue on the best understanding-and if my fact to the taste of his readers. He has a right
opinions on political economy should have the to indulge in a taste of that kind, IF ALL THINGS
appearance of variance from his, I would sus- WITHIN AGREE." Light and darkness-hones-
-pect their correctness from that circumstance, ty and fraud-oil and vinegar, are here united,
and most carefully weigh them before publica- and by "common sense!" The writer will ex-
tion: 6o much do I admire the talents and re- cuse my freedom when I tell him thathe knows
.spect the judgment of my friend. But I know nothing about my "personal character"-be-
not of any discrepancy in our opinions on this living that if he did know it,he would not have
subject. Nor is there a discrepancy between thought me capable of the thing so ungenerous-
the writer of "Common Sense" and myself, as ly insinuated. Nothinghas been stated by me
to the leading points in his remarks, as I shall in the REGISTER that 1 did not believe to be
shew below., Yet he seems to have wished to "plain matter of fact," unless otherwise de-
whip somebody, and to have thought it most ex- scribed; and this paper never has been direct-
pedient to do it over my shoulders! ed by passion or rendered subservient to pri-
I had written thus far before I turned to the vate views. Its pages have not been thrown
article which called forth the grave remarks of open to the office-seeking factions that abound
"Common Sense." The reader will please to in the United States; hence no disappointment
refer to it, page 282. So little had i thought has occurred to sour its pages, and its course
of that article that I had really forgotten its has been steady and consistent, in all its parts.
I I








NILES' REGISTER-JAN. 17, 1818--PLUVIOMETRICAL OBSERVATIONS. 531


A few words as thefacts stated about reve-
nue and expenditure. "Spain and Portugal
are, perhaps, the only nations in Europe whose
annual income is under the expense," says
"Common Sense." Now we know that the
chancellor of the British exchequer got a grant
to raise 12,600,0001. on exchequer bills to
meet the current expenses of last year, Without
any reference at all to the public debt. See
W. R. vol. XII. page 409-10. The king of
France,in his speech published in the last num-
ber, demands a vote of credit equal to that of
last year to meet the wants of the present.-
Russia has afloat a quantity of paper money,
said to amount to six hundred millions of ru-
bles, that is at a depreciation of seventy-five
per cent.; which, as it is the circulating medium
of the empire, could hardly be the case if the
revenues were greater than the expenditures,
The estimated expenses of the kingdom of the
Netherlands, is 74 millions of florins; the re-
venue is estimated at 67 millions, and a loan
is required. And theJlustrian government-
money is about 3 for 1, if I rightly comprehend
the meaning of a Vienna article dated Oct. 16,
1817. Are not those cases sufficient to support
my general expression as to the state of Euro-
pean nations in respect to theirfinances? Com-
mon sense will say that they are.


Baltimore-Bills of mortality.
VOlt THE YEAR 1817.
Abstracted from the official report.
Males. Females. Total deaths.
January, 56 40 96
February, 55 50 105.
March, 41 34 75
April, 36 37 73
May, 57 39 96
June, 52 37 89
July, 61 44 105
August, 127 86 213
September, 80 75 155
October, 81 58 139
November, 43 32 75
December, 57 45 102

746 577 1323


Fewest deaths in April, 73-greatest number in
August, 213.
Diseases, &.c. Consumption, 239! Cholera morbts,
214; still born 117; various fevers 111; fits 98; pleu-
risy 67; worms 61; old age 57; dropsy 42; casualty
35; drowned 38; sudden deaths 11, suicides 5; poi.
soned 1; croup 35, &c. &c.


Pluviometrical Observations.
The following account of the quantity of rain that
fell at West Chester, Penn. was commenced on
the 20th of June, 1817, and has been commu-
nicated on the supposition that it may not on-
ly "gratify the curious," but also "serve to il.
lustr'ate the real character of our climate."-
From a personal acquaintance with the gentle-
man who made those observations, we are per-
fectly satisfied of their accuracy, and. will very
cheerfully devote the needful space annually to
an expected continuation of them.


1817. Rain.
Inches
June, 20 0.1
-0.7;
23 0,7
S26 2.5
291.0
July, 80.3
110.1
130.15
190.01
200.8
210.04 ,
220.2
24 0.45
319.5
---2S55
Aug. 3 0.2
41.0
70.15
9 2.6
112.4
120 o.1
140.2
170.1
24 0.3
-7.05
Sept. 12 0.3
15 2.5
220.5
23 0.1
240.7
270.1
4.2


REMARKS.
shower in the evening.
gust of rain, at 1, P. M.
thunder gust in the evening, same day.
gust, A. M. before day.
heavy rain, all P. M.
showery in the afternoon-heavy in the evening.
shower in the morning.
light showers.
showers, A. M. before day.
very slight shower.
smart gust, 3, P. M.
slight shower.
gust, P. AL
dull-showers through the day.
gust, about 9, P. M.
dull-showery, A. TM.
heavy gust in the evening.
showery, A. bM.
Heavy rain last night and most of thisia day.
heavy rain ill day. and most of til ensuing niltt.
slight shower, P. M.
showery throughout the day.
showery.
rain last night.
shower in the afternoons
- steady rain from the east-began on the even-
ing ot the 14th and continued till near the
J morning of the 15th.
rained before day; and showers through the day,
showery, P. M.
cain, A. M. before day, miad forenoon,
shower, after night.


Oct. 1 0.1 shower, in the morning.
7 0.4 rain, in the forenoon.
140.6 rain. A. AM. till noon.
16 0.05 slight shower, A. L.
18 0.02 very slight shower, early A. M.
25 0.2 dull-rain, P. M. after night.
000.1 tl ll--li ht ram


Of whom there -were, 27 0.2 dull-rain alter night.
248 males and 182 females were under 1 year .310.4 dull-rain, P. lM.
80 61 from 1 to 2 Nov. 12.4 heavy rain, most of the day.
17 18 2 to 3 6o0.25 rain, P. Al. and in the night.
15 9 to 5 12 0.05 slight rain, morning and evening.
4 9 to 5 15 0.15 dull-rain in the morning-
24 15 5 to 10 17 1.6 heavy rain on the 17th, continued all night
55 53 10 to 20 181.4 5 and forenoon of the 8sth.
-5.80
179 79 20 to 30 Dec- 2 0.25 stormy-rain in the evening.
93 60 30 to 40 12 0.5 dull-easterly rain.
54 36 40 to 50 140.8 rain in the morning, and evening.
15 0.7 smart rain, A. M.
26 13 50 to 60 25 0.6 rain, early A. M.
13 11 60 to 70 300.75 rain, A. M. and most of theday.
9 25 70 to 80 .
10 13 80 to 90 30o.2
3 1 90 to 100 From the ibregoing statement it appears tliat
0 2 upwards of 100. from the 20th June to the 30th December, inclu.
Of the aggregate, 1,323, there were 390 colored sive, there were fifty rainy days; and that the quan-
p.ersons. The population of the city and precincts tity of rain amounts to almost 31 inches. This is
included in the preceding bills of mortality, may probably an unusual quantity; but future observe,
be estimated at from 60 to 65,000. tions must determine the fact,








33. NILES' REGISTER--JANUARY 17, 1818--MANUFACTURERS' MEMORIAL.


Manufacturers' Memorial. the object, their interests being entirely 't bhome,
he following memorial, signed by many, was for- yet they co-operated with the government, made it.
Thwarded to Washington city onthe 8th inst. a common cause with their commercial and agricul-
Swatural brethren, they contributed their efforts, and
To the honorable the senate and house of repre- bore their portion of the priva-ions and expzns..
sentatives of the United States of America in con- The interests of your memorialists are now attack-
gress assembled- ed; their manufacturing establishments areprostrat-
The memorial of the subscribers, residents of ed, by foreign rivals; a war in disguise is carried on
Baltimore, manufacturers of woolen and cotton against them, by forcing into our market foreign fa-
gon-is; and- others interested in the support and bricks far beyond the consumption of the country,
promotion of domestic industry and the improv- which are sold, of course, generally at losing prices.
mn-nt of the useful arts in the United States, re- It cannot have escaped the notice of your honor-
spectively representeth: able body, that a distinguished member of the Bri-
That while your memorialists acknowledge, with tish parliament has, in his place, avowed this ho'stli-
gratitude, the attention paid by the national legisla- ty to our manufactures; after speaking of the pro-
ture to the manufacturing interest of the country, bable loss on shipments to America, he said, "it
in the wise regulations of the tariff, to favor their was well worth while to incur this loss on the first
growth and prosperity, they have seen, with deep exportations in order, by the glut, to stifle in the
concern, the object of these regulations entirely cradle the rising manufactures of the United
frustrated, and most of their expensive establish. States, which the war had forced into existence."
ments for the manufacture of wool and cotton, dis- We have no public avowal of this hostility to our
fabled, borne down, and their operations finally ar- manufactures, on the part of the merchants or ma-
rested, by the, excessive introduction of foreign ri- nufacturers of England; but facts and circumstan-
val fabrics. It is a fact that will not be denied that ces go far to prove its existence; and there is little
foreign fabrics, to an extent nearly equal to the doubt but they would be as ready to discover and to
consumption of the country, were in the years 1815 avail themselves of the advantages their superior
-16 and the early part of 1817, fbrzed into the mar- capital and skill in manufacturing gave them over
ket a, public auction, without regard to their cost, our infant establishments, as Mr. Brougham, the
the duty or other charges, and were sold generally member who made this declaration. The hostility
at prices below their cost, a mode of selling allow- thus avowed and inferred, has been severely felt
elly favorable to frauds on the revenue; and by our establishments. But we rely with unshaken
there is little doubt that frauds to a great extent confidence on the magnanimity of the national le-
were thus covered, and th-' owners of such goods gislature, to frustrate their designs. Your memo-
thereby enabled to sell at reduced prices and de- rdalists are citizens of the United States, bound to
feat the honest efforts of the fair trader and the participate in its burthens and distresses; and their
manufacturer. Thus were the works of the Arne interests entitled to a common protection with the
iican manufacturer thrown idle, their costly ma- interests of other classes of the community; their
chinery much injured for the want of use, the hands prosperity is necessarily a component part of the
employed in manufacturing, avastbody of needypeo. national prosperity, and their depression diminish-
tie, thrown out of employ and dispersed, and the ca- es and impairs its wealth and power;-to afford
pitals of the proprietors rendered worse than unpro- them protection would cost the nation no war, no
ductive; by the sacrifices necessary to meet so un- money, nor sacrifice of :my kind; the public reve-
utual and unexpected a pressure on their business, nue is drawn from the people through commerce;
Your memorialists further represent, that the and if the price of articles, interfering with our do-
history of American commerce will shew, that at mestic industry, be enhanced to the consumer by
every period of our political existence as a nation, the protecting duties, the duty on other articles,
it has been encouraged, protected and defended, by that by habit have become articles of the first ne-
the paternal care of the government; and through cessity, and which we cannot furnish at home, might
a protected commerce, the agricultural interest of be proportionably lightened to the consumer. But
the country has been encouraged and supported.- the avidity with which foreign fabrics of every de-
When ship-building and navigation were in their scription have been forced into the country, under
infancy in these states, such. duties were imposed the existing duties is, to your memorialists, a satis-
on foreign tonnage,,and on goods imported in fo- factory evidence that these duties are not too highly
reign ships; as gave the American tonnage a decid- to comport with the wise objects of national policy
ed preference of our coasting and inland trade; and in contemplation by their adoption.
in the import and export.trade of the country. Your memorialists beg leave further to observe,
When the Barbary states disturbed our commerce that the manufacturing interests of the United
in the Mediterranean, the government by an armed States, whether viewed as it respects the amount of
force, brought them to terms of just accommoda. capital occupied and circulated at home, the num-
tion, and a respectable force is still kept in these her and species of hands employed and supported,
seas for the protection of our trade. And when and its general benefits to society, or as a source of
Great Britain made an insidious attack on our com- wealth and security to the nation, is important and
merce, arrogating to herself the right of inter- inferior to none but the agricultural interest.-At a
dieting to our ships and goods the market of our time when almost all the states of Europe are en-
choice, and carried on a war in disguise against our gaged in arrangements for the protection of their
property on the high seas, the government, under manufactures, by the prohibition of rival fabrics;
an indignant sense of these outrages against our and by duties prohibitory in their operation; and
commercial rights, repelled the aggression by force under the accumulated difficulties with which your
of arrmi; and brought that proud nation to a sense memorialists have to contend, they indulge a hope
ot'justice. A continued and heavy expense and that they will not be thought to ask too much,
many privations have accrued, and are still accruing when they earnestly and respectfully pray, that the
in the nation fbr the protection of commerce,-al- protecting dutiesof the tariff as now in operation,
though those of your memorialists immediately con- which by the existing law are limited to three years
cerned in manufacturing had no direct interest in from the 30th day of Jtue, 1816,. be made perma-








NILES' REG IST ERI-J.NUARY 17, 1818-GEORGIA. 333


nent; and that such further legislative provision
may be made for the collection of Ihe import, as in
your wisdom shall be deemed best calculated to
prevent frauds on the revenue.

Domestic Manufactures.
The following resolve, adopted by the Jefferson coun-
ty (N. Y.) AGitrcurnTURAa socET-r, of which maj.
gen. JAcon Bnowq is president, has been comminu-
nicated by him for publication in the WEEKLY RE
SISTER
Whereas it becomes all men, who profess to be
engaged in promoting the great work of national
economy,, to be living examples of the doctrines
or principles they teach-and as, in the opinion of
this society, it is of vital importance to our coun.
try that her manufactures should be sustained, by
those whose duty it is to legislate for us, by such
wise and liberal provision as will effect the object
-and as we believe we can best testify this inte-
rest by recommending to the members of this so-
ciety to abstain from the use of all foreign fabrics
and productions to the extent that may be found
practically consistent with the respective duties
they are called upon to perlbrm in life, and by
Resolving, that each and every member of this
society who shall, after tlie next stated meeting of
this society, be in the habit of wearing cloth or
co ton garments, not of the growth, produce and
manufacture of. the United States, shall pay to the
treasurer of this society five dollars annually, to be
distributed in prenmidms for the encouragement of
agrice ture.

Finances of Pennsylvania.
Receipts at the state treasury, for the year commenc.
ing on the 1st day 'rf December, 1816, andending
with the 30th day of NVovember, 1817.
Monies loaned to the United States, re-
turned with interest thereon, 333,670 97
Dividends, &c. on bank and other stock, 200,571 00
Monies returned of the advances by the
state in relation to the late war, 110,617 32
Auction duties, 78,826 13
Lands and fees on lands, &c. 62,661 70
Tax on banks, 29,535 23
Tavern licenses, &c. 25,692 38
Miscellaneous, 24,483 62
Tax on certain offices, 8,716 67
Court fines, 2,019 45
Fees of the office of the secretary of
the commonwealth, 968 45

877,762 92
To which add the balance in the trea-
sury, 1st December, 1816, 276,664 18

S1,154,427 10
[The different items that form these aggregates
are particularly stated in the pamphlet before us,
but we have not room for them, and perhaps they
are not of sufficient general interest to rcqu;re in.
sertion. Of the tax upon banks the lowest con.
tribution is from the bank of Montgomery county,
$212 88-the highest, the Mechanics' bank of the
city and county of Philadelphia, $2,578 14.]
Payments at the state treasury, for the year commenc-
ing on the lst day of December, 1816, and ending
with the 30th day of .Jo1vember, 1817.
Improvements, 333,682 16
Loans per act of llth March, 1815, to
pay the militia of Pennsylvania in the
service of the United States; 315,265 97


Expenses of government, 183,095 34
Miscellaneous, 46,308 2;:
Militia expenses, 34,.40 6t
Pennsylvania claimants, 21,837 09
Pensions, (old soldiers) 18,696 46
Expenditures consequentto the late war
with Great Britain, 6,412 33
State capital, 3,026 53

962,564 51.
To which add the balance in the trea.
sury 1st December, 1817. 191,862 56

01,154,427 10
[The items of expenditures are also given in
detail. The amount for "improvements" is for
roads, bridges, water courses-a long list of im-
portant matters, for many of which only certain in-
s.talments are taken into the sccount.The cost of the
legislative department was S83,969 14; of the ex-
ecutive 11,911 63; of the judiciary 52,747 10; trea-
sury and auditory, 9,473 62; land office, 21,333 52;
-and a variety of contingent and mhiscelleaneous
expenses.]


State's Capital.
Bank stock. Bank of Pennsylvania
$1,500,000; Philadelphia bank
523,300; Farmers and Mechan.
ics bank'85,400, all at par
T'u-npske stock,
Bridges and lock navigation



The appropriations made for roads
and bridges in the session of


32,108,700 00
404,863 04
235,000 00

B2,798,563 04


1816-17, amounted to 385,900 00
For rivers ;and creeks, 131,400 00
Piers, wharves, colleges and aca-
demies 13,700 00

5531,000 00
A large amount of those appropriations and of
others theretofore made, do not appear to have been
called for at the treasury.


Georgia.
PorvULATio.-The constitution of the state of
Georgia provides for a census of its inhabitants
every seven years-for the purpose of apportioning
the representatives of the people. This is a whole-
some and truly republican provision, which we
most sincerely wish had been adopted in the con-
stitutions of Maryland and Virginia. By the census
just taken in Georgia we have the following results.
White persons 175,981
Blacks 133,459

Total-1817- 309,440
The population in 1810 252,493

Increase in 7 years 57,007

From seven counties, however, there were no
returns, and the numbers put down for them was
as in 1810-and shews, an increase at the rate of 33
per cent. per annun; .which is a progress more ra.
pid than we had anticipated, by one half per cent.
FPINANCs. By the treasurer's abstract, 'submit-
ted to the legislature of Georgia, the receipts of
last year (including $378,970 from the United
States and the former balance in the treasury)
amount to, T764,12l







S34 NILES REGISTER--JANUARY 17, 1818-CONGRESS.

And that the disbursements (including CONGRESS.
$29,060 for the Penitentiary, $10,000 SXiAT .
loaned the University, $8,000 for internal 9. Mr. Frei, of Louisiaa, appeared ad
improvement, and $360,000 paid for bank tookan. 9. Mr. mentn, of Louisiana, appeared anh.
stock) were, 455,275 took his seat.
Leaving in the trtock)easury on the 31st of---4,2 The resolution offered on a former day, by Mr.
October the 29,855 Campbell, respecting the nomination of certain of-
Due from the general government, and ficers to the senate, was taken up, modified by the
subject to the order he state. 377,042 mover so as to include the stperintendant of indian
Tshue whole making an unappropriated------- trade, and, after some conversation between Messrs,
fund of m665.897 Campbell, King, Tait, and Morrow, on the most
This sum (says the Georgia Journal) judiciously proper mode of attaining the object, the resolution
applied, would go very far towards opening ourwas passed in the following shape, the last clause
navigable rivers, improving public roads, and es- row: being added on the suggestion of Mr. Mor-
tablishing free schools throughout the state. Resolved, That the committee on military affairs
IMrQnovErETS. The legislature of Georgia, (says be instructed to inquire into the expediency of re-
the Savannah Republican of the 24th ult.) adjourn- quiring by law the nomination of superintendent of
ed sine die, on Saturday morning last, after a ses- indian trade and of agents to indian tribes, as also
sion of nearly two months. Among thenumber of of agents for trading house establishments, to be
acts passed during the session, which are any way submitted to the senate for their consent and appro-
important, was an act appropriating large sums bation,in like manner as thenomination ofother offi-
for internal navigation, as follows: For the Oco- cers now are; and generally to enquire whether any
nee river, 15,000 dollars; Ocmulgee, 18,000 dol and what amendments are necessary to he made in
lars; Alatamaha, 5,000 dollars; Ogechee, 3,000 dol- the laws regulating intercourse, and for establishing
lars; Savannah and Tugalo, 20,000 dollars; Broad trading houses with the indian tribes.
River, 5,00Q dollars; Brin Creek, 5,000 dollars.- Jan. 12. The following resolution, offered some
An act to amend the penal code. An act to incor- days since, by Mr. Burrill, was taken up for consi-
porate the Steam Boat company. An act to raise a deration:
tax for the political year 1818; a section in this Resolved, That the committee to whom was refer-
act imposes on the notes of unchartered banks a red the petition of the committee of the yearly
tax of two and A half per cent. on the amount in meeting of the society of friends at Baltimore, be
circulation; and subjects the branches of the Unit- instructed to enquire into the expediency of so
ed States' bank in this state to the same tax paid amending the laws of the United States on the sub-
by the banks chartered by.the legislature, viz. thir- ject of the African slave trade as more effectually
ty-one and a quarter cents on every hundred dol, to prevent said trade from being carried on by citi-
lars of the capital stock. The taxes irn general re- zens of the United States under foreign flags; and
main as heretofore, with the exception of the 50 per also into the expediency of the United States tak-
centum to reimburse the direct tax, which is con- ing measures in concert with other nations for the
tinted. A permanent fund of 250,000 dollars for entire abolition of said trade.
internal navigation; and the like sum for the sup- After debate, the question was taken by yeas and
port of free schools, has also been appropriated. nays, and agreed to.
The bill from the house, making compensation
TrnBrTE TO EFARTE n woRTH.-Mr. Montgome- to the members of congress, was taken up in com-
ry (of the legislature) from the committee on the mittee of the whole, and an amendment made in
state of the republic, to whom was referred the the phraseology, which was agreed to by the senate;
communication of his excellency the governor re- when,
lative to the disposition to be made of the sword Mr. Wilson, after observing, that he should enter
intended to have been presented to the late lieut. into no discussion of a question on which every
col. Daniel. Appling, of the United States' army, member had unquestionably made up his mind, but,
reported on the 13th inst. That whereas a former in order to take the sense of the senate, moved to
legislature, influenced by the distinguished bravery strike out eight and insert six dollars, as the daily
and gallant conduct of lieutenant colonel Daniel pay, and also as the allowance for every twenty miles
Applying, did authorise and direct the executive travelled.
department to procure and present to that merito- This motion was negatived, without debate, by a
rious officer a sword suitable to his grade, a grate- large majority.
ful expression of the public approbation of his na- Mr. Diekerson, then moved to strike out eight
tive state; but as the worthy object ofher applause and insert six, as the allowance for every twenty
was removed by death before this laudable design miles travelled, and made a few observations in sup-
could be carried into execution, and inasmuch as port of his mo.tion. Mr. IDaggett briefly replied.
there remains no male heir either to the fortune The question was taken, the motion lost,the ver-
or honors of this deserving young soldier, into bal amendment made was ordered to be engrossed,
whose hands the state could commit this sacred and the bill to be read a third time; and
pledge of its affection and respect: It is resolved The senate adjourned.
that the state will assume to itself the guardian- Jan. 13. The president presented a memorial
ship of the fame and military reputation of her dis- from the president and directors of the bank of the
tinguished son the late lieutenant colonel Daniel United States, stating certain inconvenience es
Appling, and that the sword intended by her as the experienced from the provision in the charter r e-
just reward of his military achievments, be depo- quiring the president and cashier of said bank to
sited in the executive chamber, there to be pre- sign all the notes issued by the several branches of
served and exhibited as a lasting monument of his said bank, and praying relief-which was read, a nd
fame, and a grateful proof of the sensibility with referred to the committee of finance.
which Georgia cherishes the patriotic services of The bill providing compensation for members of
her citizens, congress, was read a third time and passed,









NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818-CONGRESS. 335


Mr. Wilson submitted the following resolution:
Resolved, That the committee on military affairs
be instructed to enquire whether any, and, if any,
what further provisions by law are necessary to se-
cure the heirs of soldiers who died, or were killed,
in the service of their country during the late war,
the bounty in land to which they are equitably en-
titled.
January 14.-But little business was done in the
.senate to-day. A bill was reported to divide the
state of Pennsylvania into two judicial districts ,
and one or two reports on private claims were
acted on.

HOUSE OF REPRESESTATIVFS.
Friday, fan. 9. Mr. Itirrison, from the select
committee appointed on that subject, reported a
bill to provide for organizing, arming and dis-
cipling the militia; which was twice read and com-
mitted.
Mr. HIarrison offered a joint resolution, proposing
to the states an amendment to the constitution of
the United States, to give to congress, concurrently
with the states, the power to provide for training
the militia according to the discipline prescribed
for the purpose, &c. and to provide for teaching in
the primary schools and other seminaries of learning
in the several states, the system of tactics prescrib-
ed for the militia: which resolution was twice read
and committed.
[In offering his resolution, Mr. Harrison remark-
ed, that it would be recollected, he presumed, that
a similar proposition had been laid an the table by
him at the last session. In doing so then, it was not
with an expectation that any thing would be done
on the subject at that time, but it was to draw the
public attention to the subject, and prepare the
way for a decision at the present session. The bill
which had been reported on the subject, embraced
all the provisions within the power of congress re-
specting it which the committee had thought ne-
cessary; but as the constitution had expressly re-
served to the states the right of training and dis-
ciplining the militia, the adoption of the resolution
might be deemed necessary; and he wished there-
fore that it might be committed to the same corn-
mittee to whom the bill had been referred, that the
whole subject might thus be presented to it for de-
liberation, &c. &c.]
Mr. Spencer, of New York, then presented to
the house the following preamble ar.d resolutions:
The house of representatives, ,eatertainingi great,
doubts of its possessing the competent power to pu-
nish John Anderson for his contempt of the house
and his outrage upon one of its members:
Resolved, That all further proceeding in this
house against said John Anderson do cease, and
that he be discharged from the custody of the ser-
geant at arms.
Resolved, That the attorney general of the United
States be directed to institute such proceedings
against the said John Anderson for his said offence
as may be agreeable to the laws of the United States
and ofthe district of Columbia.
Resolved, That the committee of the judiciary be
instructed to enquire into the expediency of pro-
viding by law for the punishment of any contempt
of the senate or house of representatives of the
.United States and of any breach of the privileges
of either house.
Mr. Spencer opened a debate on the subject,
which occupied the whole day; in which, besides
,the mover, Messrs. Anderson, Barbour, Robertson
and Ervin, supported the resolutions, and Messrs.


Forsyth, Tucker and Mercer opposed them, all a
considerable length.
The debate was one of unusual ability.
When Mr. Ervin concluded, on motion of Mr.
lolmnes, of Massachusetts, the house adjourned at
past 4 o'clock, without having come to any decision
on the question before them,
[The debate on the case of col. Anderson has been
interesting, involving some constitutional points of
much importance. We shall carefully preserve i:e
sketches of the speeches of the members with the,
prospect of giving some of them at a future period,
as it is impossible that we should aflbrd room flr
them now.]
*atilrday, .Tan. 10.-The speaker laid before the
house a letter directed to the congress of the Unit-
ed States from a certain Carl. Theodcore Mohr, re-
siding in Wallendorf, in Germany, offering'to come
to America upon certain conditions, and to estab-
lish a manufactory of porcelain, which was read and
ordered to lie on the table.
On motion of Mr. Sergeant, the committee of
ways and means were instructed to enquire into the
expediency of allowing a drawback upon refined
sugar exported from the United States.
AMELrA ISLAND.
Mr. Jflidd'eton, from the committee on so much
of the message of the president of the United
States as relates to the illicit introductio'i ofslaves
from Amelia into the United States, made the fol-
lowing report:
The committee to whom was referred so much
of the president's message as relates to the illicit
introduction, of slaves from Amelia Island, having
carefully taken the matter committed to them into
consideration, respectfully report:
That having applied to the department of state
for information respecting the illicit introduction of
slaves into the United States, they were referred by
the secretary of state to the documents transmitted
to this house by the president's message of the
15th December last, consisting of various extracts
of papers on the files of the departments of state,
of the treasury, and of the navy, relative to tihe
proceedings of certain persons who took posses-
sion of Amelia Island in the summer of the past
year, and also relative to a similar establishment
previously made at Galvezton near the mouth of the
river Trinity.
Upon a full investigation of these papers with a
view to the subject committed to them, your com-
mittee are of opinion, that it is but too notorious, that
numerous infractions of the law prohibiting the im-
portation of slaves into the United States have been
perpetrated with impunity upon our southern fron-
tier; and they are further of opinion, that similar
infractions would have been repeated with increase.
ing activity, without the timely interposition of the
naval force under direction of the executive of our
government. In the course of the investigation,
your committee have found it difficult to keep sepa-
rate the special matter given into their charge,
from topics of a more general nature, which are ne..
cessarily interwoven therewith: they therefore crave
the indulgence of the house, while they present
some general views, connected with the subject,
which have developed themselves in the prosecu-
tion of their enquiry.
It would appear from what had been collected
from these papers, that numerous violations of our
laws have been latterly committed by a combitna-
tion of freebooters and smugglers of various nations,
who located themselves ,in the first instance upo
an uninhabited spot near the mouth of the r;ivr







S36 NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818--CONGRESS.

Trinity within the jurisdictional limits of the Unit- to the cupidity of adventurers, and as resources for
edStates, as claimed in virtue of the treaty of ces. defraying the expenses of the expedition. The
sion of Louisiana by France. This association of greater part of West Florida, being in the actual
persons organized a system of plunder upon the possession of the United States, this project involv-
high seas, directed chiefly against Spanish proper- ed in it designs of direct hostility against them;
ty; which consisted frequently of slaves from the and as the express object of the resolution and act
coast of Africa; but their conduct appears not al- of 15th January, 1811, was to authorize the presi-
ways to have been regulated by a strict regard to dent to prevent the province of East Florida from
the national chal'acter of vessels falling into their passing into the hands of any foreign power, it be-
hands, when specie or other very valuable articles came the obvious duty of the president to exercise
formed any part of the cargo. Their vessels gene., the authority vested in him by that law. It does
rally sailed under a pretended Mexican flag, al- not appear that among these itinerant establishers
though it does not appear that the establishment of of republics, and distributors of Florida lands,
Galvezton was sanctioned by or connected with any there is a single individual inhabitant of the coun-
government. The presumption, too, of any autho- try where the republic was to be constituted, and
rity ever having been given for such an establish. whose lands were to be thus bestowed; the project
ment, is strongly repelled as well by its piratical was therefore an attempt lo occupy that territory
character, as by its itinerant nature; for the first by a foreign power. Where the profession is in
position, at Galvezton, was abandoned on or about such direct opposition to the fact; where the vene.
the 5Lh of April last, for one near Matagorda, upon rable forms, by which a free people constitute a
the Spanish territory; and at a later period this last frame of government for themselves, are prostitu-
was abandoned and a transfer made to Amelia Is- ted by a horde of foreign freebooters, for purpo::cs
land, in East Florida; a post which had been pre- of plunder; if, under color of authority from any
viously seized by persons, who appear to have been ofthe provinces contending for their independence,
equally unauthorized, and who were at the time of the Floridas, or either of them, had been permit-
the said tiransfer, upon the point, it is believed, of ted to pass into the hands of such a power, the
abaindonitg their enterprise, from the failure of re- committee are persuaded it is quite unnecessary to
sources, -hidh they expected to have drawn from point out to the discernment of the house the per;-
within our limits, in defiance of our laws. There nicious influence which such a destiny of the ter-
exists, on the part of these sea rovers, an organize. ritories in question must have had upon the securi-
ed system of daring enterprise, supported by force ty, tranquility, and commerce of this union.
of arms; and it is only by a correspondent system It is a matter of public notoriety, that two of the
of coercion that they can be met and constrained persons who have successively held the command
to respect the rights of property and the laws of at Amelia Island, whether authorized themselves
nations. It is deeply to be regretted that practices by any government or not, have issued commissions
of such a character, within our immediate neigh. for privateers, as in the name of the Venezuelian
borhood, and even within our jurisdictional limits, and Mexican governments, to vessels fitted out in
should have prevailed unchecked for so long a time; the ports of the United States, and chiefly manned
more especially, as one of their immediate conse- and officered by our own countrymen, tbr the pur-
quences was to give occasion to the illicit intro- pose of capturing the property of nations with
duction of slaves from the coast of Africa into these which the United States are at peace. Oie of the
United States, and thus to revive a traffic repug- objects ot the occupation of Amelia Island, it ap.,
nant to humanity and to all sound principles of po- pears, was to possess a convenient resort for pri-
licy, as well as severely punishable by the laws of vateers of this description, equally reprobated by
the land. the laws of nations, which recognize them only
By the 7tlh section of the act prohibiting the im- under the denomination of pirates, and by several
portation of slaves, passed in 1807, the president of the treaties of the United States with different
is fully authorized to employ the naval force to European powers, which expressly denominate them
cruise on any part of the coast of the United States, as such.* It was against the subjects of Spain, one
or territories thereof, where he may judge attempts of the powers with which the United States have
will be made to violate the provisions of that act, entered into stipulations prohibiting their citizens
in order to seize and bring in for condemnation all from taking any commission from any power with
vessels contravening its provisions, to be proceed- which she may be at war for arming any ships -to
ed against' according to law. act as privateers, that these vessels have been com-
By the joint resolution of the senate and house missioned to cruise; though, as the committee have
of representatives of 15th January, 1811, and the observed, no flag, not even that of our own coun-
act of the same date, the president is fully empow- try, has proved a protection from them. The im-
credto occupy any part or the whole of the territo- mediate tendency of suffering such armaments, in
ry lying east of the river Perdido, and south of the defiance of our laws, would have been to embroil
stale of Georgia, in the event ofan attempt to occu- the United States with all the nations whose com-
py the said territory, or any part thereof, by any fo- merce with our country was suffering under these
reign government or power; and, by the same reso- depredations; and, if not checked by all the means
lution and act, he may employ any part of the army in the power of the government, would have au-
and navy of the United States, which he may deem thorized claims from the subjects of foreign go-
necessary, for the purpose of taking possession and vernments for indemnities, at the expense of this
occupying the territory aforesaid, and in order to nation, for captures by our people, in vessels fitted
maintain therein the authority of the United States.
Among the avowed projects of the persons who See the treaty of peace with France, 1778, art.
have occupied Amelia Island, was that of making 21st. U. S. Laws, vol. 1, p. 88; with the Nether-
the conquest of East and West Florida, professed- lands, 1782, art. 19, v. 1, p. 162: with Sweden, 1783,
ly for the purpose of establishing there an indepen- art. 23, vol. 1, p. 190; with Great Britain, 1794, art.
dent government; and the vacant lands in those 21, v. 1, p. 218; with Prussia, 1785, art. 20, v. 3, p.
provinces have been, from the origin of this under- 238, and 1797, art. 20, p. 256; with Spain, 1795,
taking down to the latest period, held out as lures art. 14, v. 1, p. 2'70.








NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818-CONGRESS, SS7


out in our ports, and, as could not fail of being al- stances whatever,of an opportunity to explain to the
leged, countenanced by the very neglect of the honorable house of representatives the motives
necessary means for suppressing them. The pos- which have actuated my recent conduct, I beg
session of Amelia Island as a port of refuge for leave to announce my wish to wave, with that ob-
sunch privateers, and of illicit traffic in the United ject, any constitutional or other question which may
S ates of their prizes, which were frequently, as have arisen.
before stated, slave ships from Africa, was a pow- I enclose a letter which I had the honor this
erful encouragement and temptation to multiply morning to prepare for the consideration of the
these violations of our laws, and made it the duty house.
of the government 1o use all the means in its power I am, sir, with profound respect,
to restore the security of our own commerce, and of JOHN ANDERSON.
that of friendly nations upon our coasts, which Hfon. Ireinry Clay,
could in no other way more effectually be done than speaker of the house of representatives.
by taking from this piratical and smuggling com- Washington, Jan. 9, 1818.
bination their place of refuge. STit-Considering the honorable body before
In order, therefore, to give fill effect to the in- whose bar I am shortly to appear, as the guardian
tensions of the legislature, and in pursuance of the of those rights which, as a citizen I possess, and
provisions of the above recited resolution and acts, relying upon the generous feelings of its members,
it became necessary (as it appears to your commit I have been induced to forego the privilege extend-
tee) to surpress all establishments of thehostilena- ed to me of employing counsel, lest it might be
ture of thole above described, made in our vicinity, supposed that I was inclined to shelter myself by
the objects of which appear to have been the occu- legal exceptions. As the novelty of my situation
nation of the Floridas, the spoliation of peaceful may, however, tend to suri'ound me with embarrass-
commerce upon and near our coasts by piratical ment, it is my wish, should the rule of proceeding
privateers, the clandestine importation of goods, adopted by the house not oppose the course, that
and the illicit introduction of slaves within our li. such questions as I have reduced to writing, be pro-
mils. Such establishments, if suffered to subsist pounded to the respective witnesses by the clerk,
and strengthen, would probably have rendered nu- and that he should read the explanation and apology
gat .ny all provisions made by law for the exclusion which I have to make.
of prohibited persons. The course pursued on JOHN ANDERSON.
this occasion, will strongly mark the feelings and To the hon. Henry Clay, speaker qfthe
intentions of our government upon the great ques- house of representatives of the United States.
tion of the slave trade, which is so justly consider- The letter having been read-
ed by most civilized nations as repugnant to jus- Mr. Forsyth moved that the resolutions under
twice and humanity, and which, in our particular consideration be laid on the table, that the house
case, is not less so to all the dictates of a sound |might proceed to the examination of the accused
policy, person.
Your committee anticipate beneficial results from A brief debate took place on this motion (which
the adoption of these measures by the executive, will be given in its place) in which Messrs. Forsyth,
in the promotion of the security of our southern Pitkin, Spenoer, Harrison, Hopkinson, Poindexter,
frontier and its neighboring seas; and in the dimi- Desha, Rich, Beecher, and Pindall participated.
nation of the evasions, latterly so frequent, of our The motion was finally disagreed to, ayes about
revenue and prohibitory laws. The experience of 30; and
ten years has however evinced the necessity of some I The debate was then resumed on the resolutions
new regulations being adopted in order effectually I offered by Mr. Spencer, and continued by Messrs,
to put a stop to the further introduction of slaves Poindexter, Holmes of Mass. Storrs, and Pindall,
into the United States. In the act of congress pro- until after 4 o' clock; when
hibiting this importation, the policy of giving the The house adjourned.
whole forfeiture of vessel and goods to the United M.fonday, Jan. 12. After other business ofno pre.
States, and no part thereof to the informer, may sent interest, the house proceeded to the conside-
justly be doubted. This is an oversight which ration of the resolutions offered by Mr. Spencer,
should be remedied. The act does indeed give a touching the case of col. John Anderson.
part of the personal penalties to the informer, but The debate on this subject was resumed by Mr.
these penalties are generally only nominal. As the Quarles, and continued during the remainder of
persons engaged in such traffic are usually poor, the sitting by Messrs. M'Lane, Alexander, Smyth,
the omission of the states to pass acts to meet the Lowndes, Livermore, Settle, Rhea, and Barbour.
the act of congress and to establish regulations in When the house adjourned, a motion was pend-
aid of the same, can only be remedied by congress ing, made by Mr. Rhea, (for the purpose he said, of
legislating directly on the subject themselves, as it putting an end to a debate on a negative proposi-
is clearly within the scope of their constitutional' tion) to strike out of the preamble to the resolu-
powers to do. tions, the words, "entertaining great doubts of its,"
For these purposes your committee beg leave re- so as to make the preamble read, "this house pos-
spectfully herewith to report a bill. sessing the competent power to punish John Ander.
Mr. Jltiddleton also reported a bill in addition to son," &c.
the former acts prohibiting the introduction of The house adjourned a little after 4 o'clock.
slaves into the United States; and the bill was twice Tuesday, Jan. 13.-Amongst the petitions this
read and committed, day presented, was one by Mr. ft,'risoni, from col.
The report was not read, bhut ordered to be print- Needham, and sundry other Brit:sh officers, lately
ed. arrested and imprisoned at 1-, .iJ..lj.... on a
The Speaker laid.before the house the following charge of violating the neutraliy of the United
letter and enclosure, yesterday received by inim from ,States between Spain and her colonies, but subse-
John Anderson: quently discharged from arrest and confinement,
Jantatry 9, 1818. praying for the expense, trouble and inconvenience
Sin-Unwilling to be deprived, by any circum-, which they have suffered, such relief us congress









S88 NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818-CONGRESS.

shall deem just and reasonable. The petition was These were the fees of the district attorney alone;
referred to a special committee. but, including those of the marshal and clerk, each
Mr. Johnson, of Ky. from the committee on mili. ease was burthened with about 140 dollars costs.
tary affairs, reported a bill providing for half pay If such practices are legal, said Mr. II. they ought
pensions, invalid pensioners, and: for other pur. to be no longer so-if they are illegal, they ought
poses; which was twice read by its title and comrn- to be suppressed.
mitted. The resolution was agreed to merm. con.
[The provisions of this bill are substantially the Th following elia Island.
following: The following message was transmitted, by the
The first section gives to the secretary of war president of the United States, to both Houses of
the power of placing upon the pension list all offi- congress..*
eers and soldiers of the revolutionary war, who are To the senate and house of representatives of the
entitled to such by the provisions of the act making U united States.
provision on this subject, in the year 1816. Rules ,I have the satisfaction to inform congress that
and regulations in force, or hereafter to be made the establishment at Amelia Island has been sup-
and put in force, as to the admission of the officers pressed, and without the effusion of blood. The
and soldiers of the militia, and the regular soldiers, papers which explain this transaction, I now lay
or the pension roll of the United States, are made b y ore congress.
applicable to the invalids of the revolution, and of that at Galvezton of this establishment, and it
the Indian wars, placing all entitled to pensions on not ateady ceased to exist, there is good cause to
an equality. not already ceased to exist, there is good cause to
Second section extends the half pay pensions of believe that the consummation of a project fraught
five years to the widows and orphans of the officers wit much injury to the United States, has been
and soldiers of the militia, and others, now entitled preveted. When we consider the persons engag-
by law, for a further term of five additional years, ed in it, being adventurers from different couii-
whichwill make the pension if adopted, equal tors, tries, with very few, if any of the native inhabi-
half pay pensions the pension ifws and orphans ofeul tnts of the Spanish colonies-the territory on
half pay tensions to widows and orphans of ters which the establishments were made-one, on a
Section third provides half pay pensions, for the portion of that claimed by the United States, west.
Section third provides halfpay pensions, for the ward of the Mississippi, the other, on a part of
term of five years, for the widows of the soldiers 'arst Florida, a province in negotiation between
of the regular army, who were killed in battle, or the United States and Spain-the claim of their
who died in the service, during the late war. lea U nited States and y h is proclamation, in their
Section fourth extends half pay pensions to all leader, as announf Amced by his proclamation, in taking
such widows as lost their husbands after their re- possession of Amelia Island, comprising the whole
such widows as lost their- hnsba~ls after their re-. of both the Floridas, without excepting that part of
turn home from the military service of the United st Florida which is incorput exceptin that part of
States, provided they died within six months after est Florisida which s onducorporated into the state
such return, and of diseases contracted in the ser- of the Islanatheir conduct it instrument te posses-
vice. o of the Island, making it instrumental to every
By the fifthsection, indigentmothers, whohave species of contraband, and in regard to slaves of
losy the fifth section, indigent mothervices, ho havee Uni tLe most odious and dangerous character-it may
tast an onlyvided such son in the mil iedrvwice oftheout wifedor fairly be concluded, that if the enterprise had suc-
children, are to be provided for. needed on the scale on which it was formed, much
children, are to be provided for. annoyance and injury would have resulted from it
Section sixth provides that every widow, whose to the United States.jury would have resulted from it
husband was killed in battle, or died in the service Other circumstances were thought to be no less
of his country, during the revolutionary war, shall deserving of attention. The thought to be no less
receive a half pay pension for five years.] deserving of attention. The institution of a go-
The speaker laid bensifor five house a letter froms.] vernment by foreign adventurers in the Island, dis-
The speaker laid before the house a letter f naom tinct from the colonial governments of Buenos Ay-
the secretary of state, transmitting a list of names res, Venezuela, or Mexico, pretending to sovereign-
of such persons as have obtained patents during stand exercising its highest offices, particularly
the last year; which was ordered to be printed. and g its highest offices, particularly
Mr. ffobkinson moved the adoption of the fol- in granting commissions to privateers, were acts
which could not fail to draw after them the most
lowing resolution: serious consequences. It was the duty of the exe-
Resolved, That the committee of the judiciary be cutive, either to extend to this establishment all
instructed to prepare and report a bill of fees for the advantages of that neutrality, which the Unit-
the officers of the United States, in the courts of ed States had proclaimed, and have observed, in
the United St;.:es. favor of the colonies of Spain, who, by the strength
Mr. Hopkinson, observed, in offering this resolu- of their own population and resources, had declar-
tion, that it was well known there was no uniform ed their independence, and were affording strong
rule on this subject in the different courts of the proof of their ability to maintain it, or to make the
United States. It was not, however, to establish discrimination which circumstances required. .Had
uniformity only, but something like justice also, the first course been pursued, we should not only
that he offered this motion: for, if his information have sanctioned all the unlawful claims and practices
was correct, there were in some of the states im- of this pretended government, in regard to the Unit-
positions practised which were a disgrace to the ed States, but have countenanced a system of priva-
United States. In one which he would mention, in steering in the Gulf of Mexico, and elsewhere, the
the state of New York, a degree-of outrageous im- ill effects of which might, and probably ouloid,
positions existed which would shock every inem have been deeply and very extensively felt The
her who heard him. In that state, Mr. H. said, if path of duty was plain from the commencement;
he was truly informed, there had been one thousand but it was painful to enter upon it while tl,. obliga-
prosecutions upon (the reporter understood him) tion could be resisted. The law of 1 -11, I-Tely
license bonds; upon each of these cases, untried, published, and which it is, therefore, proper now
the fees of the district attorney were sixty dollars, to mention, was considered applicable to the case
amounting to the sum of 60,000 dollars in the whole. from the moment that the proclamation of the chief









NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818-CONGRESS, S9

of the enterprise was seen, and its obligation was next week. It is the reply of Com. Aury to the
daily increased by other considerations of high im- summons of Com. Henley and Maj. Bankhead for
portance, already mentioned, which were deem- the delivery of Amelia.
ed sufficiently strong in themselves to dictate the Head quarters, Fernandina, Dec. 22d, 1817.
course which has been pursued. Gentlemen-I have received your official letter of
Early intimationshavingbeenreceived of the dan- this day, by which, in the name of the government
gerous purposes of these adventurers, timely pre- of the U. States, you summon us to evacuate this
cautions were taken, by the establishment of a force place with the troops under my command under
near the St. Mary's, to prevent their effect, or it certain conditions specified in said letter.
is probable that it would have been more sensibly Neither this republic, that of Mexico, nor any
felt. other of South America, being at war with the U.
To such establishment, made so near to our set- States, obliges me to state to you, that the contents
elements, in the expectation of deriving aid from of your letter greatly surprised this government and
them, it is particularly grafiy.ing to find, that very the people of this state. You have nevertheless,
little encouragement was given. The example so intimated that in case of our acquiesence in your
conspicuously displayed by our fellow citizens, demand, we shall be permitted to evacuate this is.
that their sympathies cannot be perverted to im- land, which neither is nor ever has been a part of
proper purposes; but that a love of country, the in. the U. States.
fluence of moral principles, and a respect for the Allow me to observe to you, gentlemen, that
laws, are predominant with them, is a sure pledge, from the moment we took Fernandina by ihe
that all the very flattering anticipations, which have force of our arms, we entered into the full pos-
been formed of the success of our institutions will session of all the rights at the risk of our lives and
be realized. This example has proved, that if our fortunes.
relations with foreign powers are to be changed, it The boundaries between the Floridas and the
must be done by the constituted authorities, who, U. States having been fairly settled on the 27th
alone, acting on a high responsibility, are compe- October, 1795, we are at a loss how to ascertaiin
tent to the purpose, and until such change is thus your authority to interfere in our internal concerns.
made, that our fellow-citizens will respect the ex- Our surprise increases when we reflect that your
isting relations, by a faithful adherence to the laws communication comes as authorized by the govern-
which secure them. ment of a people who, in this respect, glory in'the
Believing that this enterprise, though undertaken right of nations, whether great or small, and who,
by persons, some of whom may have held commis- no doubt, sympathize with their southern brethren
sions from some of the colonies, was unauthorised in the struggle for liberty and independence, in
by, and unknown to the colonial governments, full which they are engaged, as w ere the United States,
confidence is entertained that it will be disclaimed forty years ago.
by them, and that effectual measures will be taken, On the other hand, you promise to hold sacred
to prevent the abuse of their authority, in all cases, such of our property as unquestionably belongs to
to the injury of the United States. our citizens. Who is to be the judge in that case?
For these injuries, especially those proceeding The United States? They can by no means claim
from Amelia Isl.nd, Spain would be responsible, if any kind of jurisdiction, from the source of the
it was not manifest, that although committed in river St. Mary's down the ocean, on this side the
the latter instance, through her territory, she was channel. We entertain too much veneration tobe-
utterly unable to prevent them. Her territory how- lieve for a single moment, that you (supposed al-
ever ought not to be made instrumental, through ready in possession of this island, which has never
her inability to defend it, to purposes so injurious been ceded by the king of Spain, or by its inhabi-
to the United States. To a country, over which tants, to the United States,) can bring with you a
she fails to maintain her authority, and which she competent tribunal to decide upon this question.
permits to be converted to the annoyance of her The only law you can adduce in your behalf is that
neighbors, her jurisdiction for the time necessarily of force, which always is repugnant to a republican
ceases to exist. The territory of Spain will never- government and to the principles of a just and im-
theless be respected, so far as it may be done, con- partial nation. The same observation may be ap-
sistently with the essential interests and safety of plied to your interference for the property of the
the United States. In expelling these adventurers inhabitants, which we have always respected.
from these posts, it was not intended to make any You order us, also,as if we were subjects ofyour
conquest from Spain, or to injure in any degree government to leave behind, when Fernandina is
the cause of the colonies. Care will be taken that evacuated, all the public property that was found
no part of the territory contemplated by the law of at its surrender. This demand is directly contra.
1811, shall be occupied by a foreign government of ry to the public right, by which public property
any kind, or that injuries of the nature of those captured from the enemy is avowedly that of the
complained shall be repeated; but this it is expect- captors, when not otherwise stipulated. Are you
ed will be provided for, with every other interest, acting in the name of the king of Spain or of his al-
in a spirit of amity, in the negotiation now depend- lies? As we consider the people of the United
ing with the government of Spain. States to be unquestionably the only free people on
JAMES MONROE. the surface of the globe, we cannot admit that you
[The documents consist of letters from Capt. have already arrived to such a point of degrada-
J. D. Henley and Major Bankhead, announcing the tion.-Otherwise, your demand is admipsable and
occupation of Amelia, and the manner of it; letters unjustifiable in the eyes of the world, and if we
from the department of War to Maj. Bankhead, and must submit to it, all the blame rests upon you.
from the navy department to Capt. Elton and Capt. Permit me, therefore, gentlemen, to request you
Henley, &c. They occupy a considerable space, to lay before the president of the United States
and, received late in the week, are not deemed suf- these remarks, in order that a matter of so serious
ficiently important to derange the whole matter tendency may be duly considered. We have read
of this sheet by inserting them- The following is his excellency's message at the opening of ..-'..
the 'most interesting; the rest shall be inserted with the utmost concern, and have conchluided tha









340 NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 18-8--CONf rl-. -.

the political situation of this republic has been The senate did not transact any important public
greatly misrepresented in the United States through business.
the intrigues of our enemies. We have a right to The -proceedings of the house of representatives,
be heard; for which purpose, I shall have the honor were, however, far from uninteresting. They came
of forwarding to your government the necessary to a decision on the part of col. Anderson, so far
documents. If you are not disposed to let the thing as passing by a direct vote respecting their own
remain in status qu:, until the president's farther power to refuse to discharge him, by a majority of
determination be known, I am authorised to assure 119 to 47, and by a like majority to direct him to
you thli:t we respect and esteem too highly the peo- be brought forthwith to the bar. He was accord-
ple of die U. States to carry matters to extre- ingly brought to the bar; and, being interrogated,
cities. I have the honor to remain with the high- acknowledged his name and the delivery of the let-
est consideration, Gentlemen, Yours, &c. ter, &c. When questioned whether he had any
(S:gned) AURY. thing to offer in defence, he intimated that lie had
S.L Holmes, Secretary. a defence in writing, which he wished to offer to
Case of John Anderson. the house.
The house having resumed the consideration of A number of witnesses were then called and
this subject, examined, touching the character heretofore sus-
Mr. Spencer rose, and (for reasons given in the tained by Col. Anderson; of' which they testified,
debate) withdrew the preamble to the resolutions as far ;is their knowledge extended, in very high
he had offered-leaving alone for consideration the terms. Among these witnesses were two members
resolution, directing all further proceedings against of the house, (Gen. Harrison and Col. Johnson.)
the accused to cease, directing the attorney gene. A question put to one of the witnesses as tohis
ral to institute proceedings against him, and in- knowledge and belief of money having been given
structing the judiciary committee to enquire into for ',. 1 ,;,,.: claims-produced a discussion which
the expediency of providing for the punishment of ended in an adjournment to allow time to consider
contempt of either house, for breach of privilege, the course to be pursued.

On, the general question, previously discussed, The prosecutions mentioned by Mr. IIHop/inson,
the debate was renewed, and continued with una- on Tuesday, in the state of New York, were not,
bated animation to the close of the sitting. Messrs. as it was apprehended, on "license bonds," but
Tallmage, lHopkinson and Sergeant delivered h...i. ,. ,. ,retailers of spirits, for not taking out their
sentiments at large on the subject. licenses. The penalty for that omission is *-. I i .
In the course of the debate, Mr. Rhea, with some which has been remitted by the secretary .i' vI.:
incidental remarks on the resolutions, proposed a treasury, almost as a matter of course, on the par-
substitute to them, by way of amendment, in the ties taking the license and paying the costs accrued
.following words: in the prosecution. It was in these cases, it ap-
Resolved, That this house possesseth the compe- pears, that the fees referred to had been charged.
tent power to punish John Anderson for his con- 0
tempt of the house, and his outrage upon one of it;s Mi. DICKERSON'S PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO THE CON-
members; and, therefore, STITUTION.
Resolved, That the sergeant at arms be directed Resolved by the senate and house of representatives
to conduct the said John Anderson to the bar of the of the Ufnied States of .3merica in congress assembled,
house. two-thirds of both houses concurring therein, That the
This motion was undecided, when, at a late hour, following amendment to the constitution of the
The house adjourned. United States, be proposed to the legislatures of
W,-ednesday,.Tin. 14-On motion of Mr. Tarr,it was the several states, which when ratified by the legis-
Resolved, That the committee appointed on so latures of three-ftnrths of the said states, shall be
much of the president's message as relates to roads valid, to all intents and purposes, as a part of the
and canals and seminaries of learning be instructed said constitution;-
to enquire and report to this house, whether any, That, for the purpose of choosing representatives
and if any what further provisions are necessary in the congress of the U. States, each state shall, by
by law for completing that part of the United its '.c-..' ,,n be divided into a number of districts
States' turnpike roads lying between Cumberland equal to the number of representatives to which such
in the state of Maryland, and Wheeling in the sta e may be entitled. The districts shall be formed
.state of Virginia. ofc .,, t.,. ,..u, territory,and contain, as nearly as maV
The house resumed the consideration of the pro- be, an equal number of inhabitants, entitled by the
posed proceedings in the case of Col. John Ander- constitution to be represented. In each district the '
son, and the debate was continued, qualified voters shall elect one representative, And
Messrs. Clagget, Whitman, .oss, Rhea, Beecher, no more. That, for the purpose ofappointing elect-
Spencer, Forsyth, and Blurvell, addressed the chair ors of president and vice president of the United
on the main question, and Mr. Ilopkinson and Mr. States, in each district entitled to elect a renresen-
Storrs on incidental points. tative in the congress of the United States, the per.
The sitting was prolonged to a late hour, the sons qualified to vote for representatives shall ap-
qiuestion being loudly called for in the interval point one elector, and no mrre. The additional
between each member's speech; but an adjourn. two electors to which each state is entitled, shall
ment finally took place, without having come to a be appointed in such manner as thelegislature there-
decision, on the motion of Mr. Burtwell, who, with of may direct. The electors, when convened shall
many others, wished to have the present shape of have power, in case any of them, appointed as above
the proposition so varied as to enable the house, prescribed, shall fail to attend for the purposes of
in i,. *. .1 it, to express a definite opinion, their said appointment, on the day prescribed for
r,. .fan. 15.-The National Intelligencer, giving their votes for president and vice president
after .' *..-.';, :'r the omission of the usual de- of the United States, to appoint another, or others,
tail ol ..... ..::;,. I proceed ine frnm the lateness to act in the place of him or them so failing to at-
of the hour at which th: !.,'.i. ..1 r.'.d, says- tend. Neither the districts for choosing represea-










NILES' REGISTER--JANUARY 17, 181.8--F1OREIGN ARTICLES. S41

tatives, nor those for appointing electors, shall be It is stated as a singular fact, that the severallu.
altered, in any state, until a census and apportion- natics in the asylum in Castlebar, Ireland, male and
mentofropresentatives underitsubsequent to the di. female, have been taught to spin fine yarn, and are
vision of thestates into districts, shall be made. The" now constantly and cheerfully employed in doing
division of the states into districts hereby provided so.
for, shall take place immediately after this amend. London, Jnov. 5.-The captain of the Spanish go.
ment shall be adopted and ratified as a part of the vernment brig, which attacked the United States'
constitution of the United States; and successively, schooner Firebrand, some months ago, had been
immediately afterwards, whenever a census and ap- tried by a court martial at the Havana, and broke.,
portionment of representatives under it, shall be The captain of a frigate who assisted in the attack,
made. The division of each state into districts, has been sent home to old Spain to have his conduct
for the purposes both of choosing representatives investigated.
and appointing electors, shall be altered agreeably TRIACE.
to the provisions of this amendment, and on no The project of a law has been submitted to the
other occasion. chamber of deputies by the keeper of the seals,
for suppressing books and other, works of an objec-
tionable nature.
Foreign Articles. A decree of the king reduces the officers of the
0 navy so that they shall consist of--6 vice admirals;
ENGLAND, &c. 16 rear admirals; 20 captains of the 1st class; 40 do.
We have a strange account in the British papers of the 2nd do.; 80 do. of frigates; 40 lieutenants
that a certain person named Develneaux, who lived having rank with the chiefs of battalions; 260 lieu-
recluse and was little known, having taken a liking tenants with companies; 400 ensigns, and 300 mid.
to a youth that he occasionally saw passing and re- shipmen.
passing to school, and without any further know- A Paris paper of Oct. 7, gives a splendid account
ledge of him or his family, willed him his estate, of the operation of casting an equestrian statue of
which is spoken as amounting to more than 700,000/ Henry IV.-40,000 lbs. of metal were melted for
a year, regular income! It consists of several mil- the purpose, and the casting was performed in the
lions in the funds, a property in Spain that produ- presence of the ministers of state, &c. and a nu-
.ces 100,0001 per annum, an immense estate in Scot. merous assemblage of ladies. It was cast at Roule's
land, and others of great value in the West Indies furnace, under the direction of Messrs. Gelli anm,
-debts due from every sovereign in Europe with vast Piggian, the furnace department being managed
claims on private property in Great Britain-the by Mr. Gonon,
whole is called a property of a "... ........ i. The Bag Fox.-Ladv M'.,,,-.' says, "that the
for it is more than sufficient to .. .. ,.., I .1 friends of the old regime in France accuse EI gland
It is feared the youth has been rather affected in of all their misfortunes; of originating the revolu-
his mind, by his good fortune. tion; sending tl.: ....;, .,.1, to be slauhlitered at
One would believe that the preceding must be Quiberon; and I .r:,. .: .. .e Bonaparte from Elba,
fabulous-is it possible that any man could possess v, ven still they consider the ex-emperor, as a sort
so much wealth in England, and he so little known? of Bagg-Fox, to be let loose, whenever the Englisl
A London paper of Oct. 29; states that "some ministry may be inclined to shou sport to Europe."
poor wretched paupers went to a brick clamp, for The wolves .r.: m '.,. dreadful depredations in
the benefit of the warmth having no other place of! the department of Yorne. They have carried off
refuge," where one of then was burnt to death-a' several children, and,' by united efforts, a girl 17
young man, 21 years of age. years old, who however, was rescued. Such things
The British ports are shut, and American flour could hardly happen in the rudest parts of the
had advanced to 70s per bbl. United States-but here the freeman is armed.
The funeral procession of the princess Charlotte A Paris paper of Oct. 26, says-Lt. General
took place on the 19th Nov. by torch light. It is count deGirardin, Capt. of the king's chase, has
stated to have been exceedingly impressive and given a statement of wolves killed in the 86 depart-
solemn. It was attended by a long procession, and ments of the kingdom, from the 1st January 1816,
concluded with a funeral service. The body of the to the 1st July, 1817, in which are desi'gnale
princess was placed in a mahogany coffin, that in-, those of the Lieuts. of'the ..... |, who make
closed in one of lead,, which was put in an outer it their principal occupation for their destruction;
coffin of mahogany, covered with crimson velvet, the result was that 1894 male, and 522 female
and formed into panels with white plated nails, the wolves, total 2,416, were killed.
lining of white satin. An urn containing the heart Paris, Alov. 8. The answer of the chamber of
of the princess was placed in a mahogany case.- deputies to the king's speech, is a very dignified
The coffins of the infant were like those of the and spirited state paper. Speaking of the treaties
parent. of Nov. 20th, 1815, they say,
The prince of Coburg is said to have been averse "Your people, Sir, submitted to them with grief,
to the embalming of the body of the princess.- but in silence. After having made the greatest
After the evening of the interment, he decended efforts faithfully to execute them; after calamitous
into the mausoleum alone, and wept over the re- years have infinitely added to the severity- of their
mains of his departed consort upwards of an hour. explicit conditions, we cannot but believethat they
On the day following, he presented Mrs. Griffiths, conceal exorbitant consequences, which none ofthe
the nurse of the princess, with 150 guineas and dis- contracting parties could have anticipated. The
missed her. wisdom of your majesty will be understood and
The British papers tell us that the countess of seconded by the ..,,;.i, ,.; policy which presides
Albermrarle died of a mis-carriage, in consequence over the destiny of the other nations of Europe, an
of the shock she received by the death of the priri- equitable limit will be fixed to enormous sacrifices;
cess Charlotte, and that the hon. Mrs. Cavendish the period of the too oppressive occupation of our
died in the same way. Is death to become "fipohi- country will be diminished; our territory will be
u7nbrle"? liberated. Then alone, Prailce will ta ste of peace;









342 NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818-FOREIGN ARTICLES.


her credit will be consolidated, her internal pros.
perity restored, and she herself will resume her
rank among nations."
The king's reply was firm, dignified and console.
tory.
An English letter says there have been warm
debates in the French chamber of deputies. Mr.
Bignon proposed to inform the king of the impos-
sibility under which France lay, of paying the im-
posts of 1818, and to pray him to require that the
allied troops should evacuate France. These pro-
positions were rejected. Mr. Laine said, "the de-
mands of foreign powers were constantly increas-
ing-we must rid ourselves of such insatiable op-
pressors."-These expressions were reproved as
indiscreet.
BONAP.AnTE.
An American vessel, lately boarded off St. Hele-
na, brings intelligence that Napoleon was in good
health; but still guarded with unremitted care. A
ship of the line and 2 sloops of war lay at and off
the Island, and continued to row guard round it.
A British gun brig is said to have been lost on
Tristam de Cunha, and every one on board to have
perished.


none producing." Ferdinand may yet take the gal.
ley-oar out of the hand of a "patriot" that he sent
to them. O! that such a fate may speedily be the
lot of the ingrate.
ITALT.
Maria Louisa, dutchess of Parma, has issued an
edict forbidding her subjects to kneel to her-a
homage which she justly says is due only to God.
She calls upon the clergy in her dominions to make
her subjects sensible of this, which hitherto she
has been unable to do.
The researches at Pompeii and Pozzuoli are very
successful. At Pompeii several edifices of superb
architecture have been discovered, and at Puzzuoli
a greal number of tombs in the Roman style.
I The French brig Neptune has arrived at Civita
Veccha, from Havre. She had on board 476 chests,
containing part of the pontificial archives.
INDIA.
A London paper says-The apprehensions excit-
ed lately, by the reports of the commencement of a
formidable war in India, have subsided, intelligence
having been received at Bombay that the Peshwa
and his adherents had submitted to the terms offer-
ed by the governor general.


iETHERLAN~S. 1The expected general war in India seems quiet-
The minister of war resigned in consequence of a ed for the present-The British have accomplish
dispute with the prince of Orange, but the king re- ed their purposes without it. But they have carried-
fused permission for him to retire. The prince ap- the "Pattah and Ghurry of Douranmal," by storm.
pears to be "legitimately" impetuous and overbear- It was defended by 300 Arabs.
in ". CIINA
The Dutch revenue for 1818 is calculated at A St. Petersburg paper says-According to the
67,500,000 florins; the expenditures at 74,000,000. last intelligence from China, the emperor having
A loan is necessary. testified his desire to have at his court, ministers
The king has ordered 100,000 florins to be ad- from foreign powers to reside there constantly, the
vanced to the linen manufacturers to buy stock, emperor Alexander, has, it is said, determined to
SPAIK. send a minister plenipotentiary to Pekin; on account
A London paper of the 18th of October stated of the commercial relations which increase every
that the royal Vales (paper money) of Spain were year between the two courts. M. de Langsdoff is
at a discount of 74 per cent. notwithstanding the designated for the mission, who is at present Rus-
new plan of finance and the frequent deliberations sian consul at Rio Janeiro, and who has been in
of the council of ways and means. China.
The board of health at Alicant, under the sane- PRasrA.
tion of the supreme board, has decreed the punish- Russia is negotiating for a port on the Persian
ment of death to all that clandestinely land from Gulph.
the coast of Africa. Other penalties, from 1 to 10 A St. Petersburg paper of Oct. 7, says-Count
years imprisonment in one of the Spanish settle- Zerinoloff is commissioned to engage at Cabul and
ments in Africa, are inflicted for other violations of Ispahan a number of workmen, who are to establish,
Sthe quarantine laws. under very advantageous conditions, manufactories
A ship of the line, the Asia, and 2 frigates at Ca- of shawls and carpets, at Gavan. That this is an im-
diz, and 2 frigates at Carthagena, are fitting out to portant object is evident from the fact, that 80,009
act against the South American insurgents, shawls are annually exported from Basorah, which
The Spanish frigate Sabina has at length arrived cost, on an average, 1000 rubles each; so that from
at Cadiz from Vera Cruz, with a cargo of 3,314,795 60 to 80,000,000 of rubles came into the country
piasters, 223 bars of silver, 12 chests of wrought for this one article of luxury.
silver in plate, besides cochineal and other valua- BniZI..
ble articles. I The archduchess Leopoldine has arrived in Bra-
A letter published in the Jurora, dated Madrid, zil-she was received with great joy bythe people,
Nov. 11, says, that the Asia is the only ship of the who hope her superior address may tame her surly
line remaining to Spain of the best built navy that and tyrannical husband.
was in Europe 40 years ago! The few seamen that The U. S. ship Ontario, captain Biddle, touched
are employed, wretchedly paid, and in almost a at Rio Janeiro, on her way to the south seas; whi.
state of starvation, are nearly in open mutiny-and their she is bound to protect our fishermen against
parties of them have formed themselves into bands the Lima cruisers.
of robbers, and infest the whole country between BRITISH AMER5ICA.
Seville and Cadiz. A salt spring, said to be of an excellent quality,
It is stated that the troops last sent to South has been discovered near the village of St. Catha-
America were shipped by force-they have justly rine's, Upper Canada-on which the Canadians very
considered it as the voyage of death. Great efforts highly congratulate themselves.
have been made to get even volunteer officers to "SPANISH AM nrcA."
serve under Morillo-400 were wanted, but not one The ship Grace, for South America, sailed from
had volunteered. Portsmouth, Eng. on the 22nd of Nov. She has on
This letter pictures Spain in the lowest state of board a corps of 400 lancers, which had been raised
degradation and misery--"every one consuming and to join the'Spanish independents. I










NILES' hEGISTER- JANUARYY 17, 1818-ti liONiC L.4


Tucaman, a strong post in Chili, is said still to
be held by the royalists. But the patriots with
8 or 9000 troops, in good order, were expected to
make an attack upon Lima, the possession of which
would probably end the contest in that quarter.
The Portuguese remained at Montevideo, still
blocked up by Artigas. They expected reinforce-
ments when active operations would be commenced.


CHRONICLE.
WAR DEPARTMENT
Pension office, Dec. 23.
The following evidence will be required in all
militia cases, and in cases of the regular army,
where the discharge and surgeon's certificate have
been lost or destroyed, or where they have never
been originally granted, to enable the secretary of
of war to grant pensions, viz:
In cases where the regular discharge and the
-surgeoi.'s certificate for disability, cannot be had,
the applicant for a pension, whether he has been a
soldier of the regular army,,or a militiaman in the
service of the United States, must produce the
sworn certificate of his captain, or other officer un-
der 'whom he served, stating distinctly the time
and place of his having been wounded, or other-
wise disabled, and that the same wound or disabili-
ties arose while in the service of the United States,
and in the line of his duty, with the affidavit of
one or more surgeons or physicians, whether of
the army or citizens, accurately describing the
wound, and stating the degree of disability to
which thesoldier may hbe entitled under it: thesedo-
cuments to be sworn to before a judge of the Unit-
ed States' court, or some state judge or justice of
the peace; and if a state judge or justice of the
peace, then under the seal of theclerk of the coun-
ty in which such judge of justice may reside, and
the name of the paymaster who last paid the sol-
dieras belonging to the service of the United States,
to be in every instance furnished by the applicant,
in order to determine the date of commencement of
his pension. I


room for. It appears that the upper Cherokees
have expressed their desire to become agricultura-
lists, the lower Cherokees to continue the hunters
life, and both parties have requested the president
to aid them in their views. This treaty contains
some cessions of land, the country of the (lower
Cherokees, we presume) for other lands belonging
to the United States on the Arkansas and Wh.tc vi
vers, west of the ississippi-regulates, on the num-
ber of population, the payment of the annuity
heretofore granted by the United States to the
whole tribe.-makes some provisions in favor of the
migrating Cherokees, and secures to those that re-
main the possession of their lands.. It appears that
this treaty is really advantageous to the three par-
ties to it. All improvements on the ceded lands
are to be paid for by the United States.
Vaccination. It is stated that Dr. Fansher, of
Connecticut, has vaccinated forty thousand persons,
not one of whom died.
Charcoal. The people seem to require the death
of several persons per annum to make them sensi-
ble of the deleterious effects of burning charcoal in
a close room. Two persons went to sleep at Car-
lisle, Pa. a few days ago, with a pot of it burning,
and never wakened any more.
.JVorth Carolina sugar. The following interesting
article is from a Raleigh paper:-Among the nu-
merous productions to which the soil and climate
of N. Carolina are favorable, it is found that the
sugar cane may now be added-Several fine stalks,
raised in Brunswick county not far from Wilming-
ton, are now in the possession ofCol. Wm. Polk, of
this city. They are from seven to-eight feet in
height, and although considerably dried, remained
about two inches in diameter. The present is the
second year of the experiment-only i few plant-
ings having been at first obtained; buithe enterpris-
ing gentleman who has made the attempt, calcu-
lates on making sugar its staple crop for the ap-
proachingt year. The stalks that I have seen are
certainly very luxuriant; and I have understood
from gentlemen, acquainted with the culture and.
growth of the article, that there can be no doubt
of its complete success in the lower parts of the


The port of J4fobile is:crowded with vessels- state.
among them is one from Liverpool. The house-room High pressure steam engine. Mr. Oliver Evans hao
ofthe town has been insufficient to accommodate the built a steam engine for the purpose of raising water
great influx of strangers. to supply the city of Philadelphia. The contract
South Carolina. The salary of the governor has was that it should raise 3,500,000 gallons of water.
been fixed at M, !, and that of the judges advan- ninety eight feet, in 24 hours. On the 26th and 27t1h
from n 2372 to 3500. The president of the state tiult. sire was worked without interruption 20 hours,
bank receives 3000. during which it was estimated that 3,556,401 gall's
Earthquake. About eleven o'clock on the night were raised, in doing which only 10 cords of oak
of the l'0h oflast month (December) a smart shock wood were consumed. It seems that about 100
of an earthquake was felt at the same instant in galls.'were raised at every stroke, and that the ave-
nearly all the towns and settlements in the upper rage working was 241 strokes in a minute. The
part of South Carolina and Georgia. experiment was so satisfactory to the watering com-
iNDiAN TREATIEXrs, Treaties of peace and friend- miitee that they have reported the contract as ful-
ship have lately been entered into and duly ratified ly completed by Mr. Evans.
between the United States and the Menomenee, Gov. Snyder.- The republican members of the
Ottoes and Poncarar tribes of Indians. Their con- legislature of Pennsylvania gave a public dinner to
editions are to forgive and forget past acts of hos- Mr. Snyder, at Harrisburg, on the 20th ult. in tes-
tility-to preserve peace in future, confirm cessions timony of their respect and attachment to him.
of land heretofore made, with an acknowledgment The speaker of the senate presided. The following
of being under the protection of the United States. were among the volunteer toasts given on the occa-
Among the chiefs who have signed those treaties sion:
we observe the names, Roaring Thunder, Fat oj'the By the late gov. Snyder-Virtue, liberty and in-
BBear, Running 1Hof, Big luorse, Eldest Duagkhter. dependence; and their concomitants, peace on earth
Jlroken Arm, the Bear and Small Bear, Buftalo and good will to mankind.
IHump, the Smoacker, Iiaindsome Mian, le who stands By gov. Pindlay-The legislative branch of our
fire, &c. government; to their patriotism, the peoplelook i-,r
There is also a long treaty with the Cherokees of the security of their rights, and to their wisdom for
considerable importance, which we wish we had the advancement of their interests.









344 NILES' REGISTER-JANUARY 17, 1818--CHRONICLE.


By the president-The plough, the support of the National lotelligencer, which says-ProposalR
all classes, are issued in Philadelphia, by Richard Bache, for
By Colonel Hill-Balance of power, the puzzling the publication of a new daily newspaper, under
irons for European politicians-May fhe people of the title of the FRANKTrA GAZETTE. This association
America ever keep the balance in their own hands. ofnames reminds us of two departed patriots, vete-
Delaoware. A question is started by a writer in rans in pr;,-,r;- ,1 politics.
the "Delaware Watchman," whether,it wpuld not be The 11.' .; .,, -The i:.1'1.'. :.-' is the opinion
for the advantage of the inhabitants that the state be of the celebrated .Jerem, Bentham, of London, of
dissolved? this association of kings-"In the modern Holy
The S'asquehannah. The bridge at Port Deposite, League, which in its spirit is so congenial to that of
over the Susquehannah, together with the road the original one, it is a fundamental principle-
leading-to the same, has been so far completed as that, in the hands of the ruling and subtuding
to admit the passage of waggons and other carria- few, the nearer the condition of the subject many
ges with perfect safety. This is a very important can be brought to the condition of the beasts of
improvement, and we are now freed from the dan- the Afield, the better it will be for the interests,
ger and delays that heretofore attended the direct eternal as well as temporal, of all parties."
communication between Baltimore and Philadel- PATRICK HENRY. Mr. Scott submitted the follow-
phia. ing resolution to the house of delegates of the state
AJnother! Died on the 8th inst. in the 64th year of Virginia, which was adopted-The general as-
of his age, at his seat in Prince George's county, sembly of Virginia, highly appreciating the unrival-
Maryland, Gen. Robert Bowie, a gallant soldier of led eloquence, inflexible integrity, unyielding poii-
the revolution, and formerly governor of Maryland; tical firmness, and superior talents of their distin-
much beloved, and respected for his public and guished fellow citizen, Patrick Henry who first
private virtues, as a whig and a man of honor: for fearlessly dared to suggest those measures which
his practical charity, and riged integrity. The eventuated in the emancipation of his country from
,house of delegates by an unanimous resolve, agreed the yoke of foreign oppression, deem it their duty
to wear crape during the remainder of the session to adopt some means by which to manifest to the
in respect to his memory, world and future generations their veneration and
Died on the 4th December, ult. at -the canton- esteem for the memory of this orator and patriot.
ment, Passe Christianne, capt. Alexander Brownloo, Resolved, therefore, that the executive he and
of, the 8th regt.'U. S. infantry. He was one of the they are hereby requested to obtain a Marble Sta-
heroes who defended fort Bowyer on the memora- tue of Patrick Hfenry, to be placed in the capitol
ble 15th Sept. 1814, and distinguished himself of this commonwealth; the expense of obtaining the
then as much by his cool, undaunted spirit as he same to be paid out of any money in the treasury
had previously done by his correct and gentleman- not otherwise appropriated.
ly deportment.-During the hottest of the action The Florida Centinel speaks of an extensive de-
the flag-staff of the fort was shot away, and fell struction of the cotton, by the rot-saying that the
outside the wall-Brownlow threw himself after planters will not average in gathering more than
and recovered it, then returning into the fort, he 500 of seed cotton to the acre, instead of 150,lbs
climbed the staff, amid showers of shot, and nail- their expected crop. It is said however, that Ma-
ed the colors to the stump.-When the army was dison county, in the Alabama territory, will this
disbanded at the close of the war, he was retain- year export 8000 bales!.
ed as a captain in the 8th, where he gained the Christmas. The different manner in which the
esteem and confidence of his new associates-and anniversary of the nativity is observed in different
never can the Old Second forget the brother officer parts of the United States, is worthy of remark: in
or the soldier's friend. Boston it seems to have been partially observed, on
Longevity. A Mrs. Edwards has lately died at the 25th ult. by a recommendation in the public
Boston, who was born at Salem in Jan. 1715-aged papers to abstain from business and by some con-
nearly 103 years. She retained considerable vigor certs of sacred music in the evening. In New York,
of intellect and could enjoy life until after she had some of the stores were shut up, but the theatre
entered her hundreth year. was open in the evening and Mr. Cooper played
Good. The legislature of Vermont has passed a 'George Barnwell. In Philadelphia about one haii
law imposing a fine of from one to seven dollars, of thepeople paid some attention to the day-but
p.t* [i..-'..; a bill of any bank not payable in specie, in Baltimore and to the southward of it, the stores
jlfammoths! A St. Louis paper ventures an "it were generally shut up, the banks closed, and bu-
is said" that living mammoths have lately been siness suspended as on a Sunday. The churches,
seen near the rocky, mountains, also, were for the most part opened in the n..1 ,. ,
Counterfeiters. We frequently hear of gangs of and the afternoon was given to refreshment and
counterfeiters detected. The fault is equally in the mirth, being an almost universal holiday. The
people, in suffering so many banks to be,or their fol- only daily papers published in the United States
ly in receiving notes that they are unacquainted northward of New York are two at Boston-and
with. They will be whipped into a regard of they only, I believe, were published on the day.
self-interest, and be taught to feel that the banking TOBACCO. From the Petersburg Intelligencer Tihe
business is becoming a public nuisance-moral as last year was deemed very unfavorable for tobacco.
well as political. We have correct returns from the three principal
Packets. A commercial house in New York, hav- depots of the stateup to the lst of October, which
ing every thing prepared, have started a line of is considered the close of the tobacco year:
packets, to. sail early in every month, for the con- At Lynchburg there were received 10,935
veyance of passengers and goods, between that At RIichmond and Manchester united 10,517
port and Liverpool! Petersburg - 12,805
FAnLxyst. GAZETTE.-As it is not consistent with .
.the plan. of the h. ..i. i, to insert Mr. Bache's Total hhds. 33,257
.prospectus, we cannot'better notice his intend- We have not heard from the .Toifolk insbections-
ed publication than by -borrowing the language of nor do we know whether therebe any established.