Material Information |
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Title: |
An Enzymic method for the determination of naringin in grapefruit products |
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Physical Description: |
2 leaves : ; 28 cm. |
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Language: |
English |
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Creator: |
Ting, S. V., 1918- Citrus Experiment Station (Lake Alfred, Fla.) Florida Citrus Commission |
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Publisher: |
Florida Citrus Experiment Station |
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Place of Publication: |
Lake Alfred, Fla. |
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Publication Date: |
1955 |
Subjects |
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Subject: |
Grapefruit juice -- Composition -- Florida ( lcsh ) Grapefruit juice -- Quality -- Florida ( lcsh ) |
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Genre: |
government publication (state, provincial, terriorial, dependent) ( marcgt ) non-fiction ( marcgt ) |
Notes |
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General Note: |
Caption title. |
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Statement of Responsibility: |
S.V. Ting. |
Record Information |
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Bibliographic ID: |
UF00072362 |
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Volume ID: |
VID00001 |
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Source Institution: |
University of Florida |
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Rights Management: |
All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location. |
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Resource Identifier: |
oclc - 74324555 |
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An Enzymic Method for the Determination of Naringin in
Grapefruit Products
S. V. Ting
Apparatus and Reagents
Apparatus:
1. Water bath controlled at 500 + l1C.
2. 18 x 150 mm culture tubes calibrated at 25 ml.
3. 23 x 300 mm culture tubes.
4. 1 ml. Mohr pipette graduated at 0.1 ml.
5. 100-ml beakers.
Reagents:
1. Diethyleneglycol Technical grade (Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Co.).
2. Alkaline-diethyleneglycol. Place 20 ml of ,N NaOH in a 1000-ml graduated
cylinder and add diethyleneglycol to the mark. Mix well by pouring the
contents back and forth into a 2-liter Erlenmeyer flask and by rotating
the flask. This reagent contains 0.5 ml NaOH in 25 ml.
3. Enzyme preparation. Pectinol 10-M (Rohm and Haas Co.).
4. Naringin. Eastman, practical grade, naringin recrystallized from water.
5. 5N NaOH.
Procedure
Preparation of standard curve. Dilute a 0.05% solution of recrystallized narin-
gin into a series of concentrations varying from 0.01 to 0.05% in 0.0]%increments.
Pipette 0.5 ml of each of the standard solutions to a clean 18 x 150 mm calibrated
tube and add the alkaline-diethyleneglycol to mark. Invert the tube several times
to mix the contents, and read the absaorency (optical density) of the yellow
color formed in a colorimeter, using a 420 mu filter, 15 minutes after adding the
reagent. Plot the absorbance against the concentration to form a standard curve
and/or calculate the factor.
Total flavonoids or total elycosides. Pipette 0.5 ml of grapefruit juice
into a calibrated tube, make to mark with the alkaline-diethyleneglycol and mix.
Read in a colorimeter at 420 mu after standing for 15 minutes and calculate the
total glycosides as per cent naringin.
Florida Citrus Experiment Station
and Florida Citrus Commission,
Lake Alfred, Florida.
645 9/30/55 SVT
-2-
Total flavonoids or total glycosides after hydrolysis. To hydrolyze the
naringin in the grapefruit juice, place 25 ml of it in a 100-ml beaker and adjust
the hydrogen ion concentration to pH 4 with 5N NaOH. Add the strong base drop-
wise from a burette, and stir the sample thoroughly after the addition of each
drop. Usually 4 to 6 drops will be needed. Then add 0.375 gram of Pectinol 10-M
to the mixture and transfer the contents to a 23 x 200 mm tube. Cap the tube
lightly with a cork stopper, and place it in a water bath maintained at 500 1 100.
for 5 hours. Then determine the total glycoside content as described in the pre-
vious paragraph. The instrument in this case is nulled with an enzyme blank.
Naringin. The naringin content in the grapefruit juice is the difference
in total glycosides determined before and after enzymic hydrolysis.
Using Davis method for determination of flavonoids in citrus fruits. Anal.
Chem., 19, 476-8 (1947).
Florida Citrus Experiment Station
and Florida Citrus Commission,
Lake Alfred, Florida.
645a 9/30/55 SVT
Table 1
Effect of Extraction Pressure and Pulp Content on the Total Glycosides and Naringin
in Canned Unsweetened Grapefruit Juices
m m no I ,,I
Lou ares sure extraction
High pressure extraction
Pulp Total glycosides Naringin Pulp Total glycosides N__aringin
mE./100 /ml.
mg./l00 ml. .
% vol.
mg./l00 ml.
mg./100 ml
cap '..s.i ', -- ________ I .... -- T ...
Before enzymic After enzymic Before enzymic After enzymic
hydrolysis hydrolysis hydrolysis hydrolysis
12/ 9/54 5.0 53 26 27 11.0 96 41 55
2/15/55 6.5 80 33 47 7.0 84 34 50
4/20/55 9.0 71 30 41 12.0 94 36 58
6/14/55 10.5 68 29 39 14.5 79 33 46
The seedy grapefruit used for these packs was picked from different grove
on each packing date was thoroughly mixed before being separated into two
pressures
plots; however, all of the fruit used
lots for extraction using different
Florida Citrus Experiment Station
and Florida Citrus Commission,
Lake Alfred, Florida.
638 9/27/55 SVT
Date
irkAed
Svon _
Table 2
Comparison of Bitterness in Unsweetened Canned Grapefruit Juices with Total
Glycoside and Naringin Content
i I I LIII I 1 l l l I I I I ] I I ]I I I 1 I I II
Extraction
Pressure
Total glycosides
Before enzymic
hydrolysis
After enzymic
I hydrolysis
Naringin
Intensity of i
1 i
bitterness I
mg./100 ml. mg./100 ml. mg./100 ml. I
Packed 12/9/54
High 96 41 55 Extreme
Low 53 26 27 Slight
Difference 43 15 28 "
Packed 2/15/55
High 84 34 50 Moderate
Low 80 33 47 Moderate
Difference 4 i 1 3
Packed 4/20/55
High 94 36 58 Moderate
Low 71 41 Slight
Difference 23 6 17
Packed 6/14/55
High 79 33 46 Slight
Low _68 29 39 Sight
Difference
11
Significant
difference i
bitterness i
5% level
Yes
No
Yes
No
The terms, moderate or extreme, used to indicate the intensity of bitterness considered to be
of consumer significance.
Florida Citrus Experiment Station
and Florida Citrus Commission, Lake Alfred, Fla.
638a 9/28/55 SVT
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