Production costs for selected vegetables

Circular-885

Production Costs for Selected

Florida Vegetables, 1990-91

Scott A. Smith and Timothy G. Taylor
Florida Cooperative Extension Service
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
University of Florida
SSCil7c John T. Woeste. Dean
._ Library

100
F637fe
no. 885
1990/91

ABSTRACT

Costs of production are reported for thirteen vegetable crops produced in one or more of ten
production areas in Florida for the 1990-91 season. In all, twenty-seven crop-area combinations are
presented along with net return analyses. Labor and machinery cost breakdowns by operation are
detailed in appendix A.

Keywords: budgets, cost of production, vegetables.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This report is the outcome of work contributed by numerous individuals. In particular the
assistance of Ben Castro, Anthony Drew, Phyllis Gilreath, Chip Hinton, Bob Hochmuth, Tom
Schueneman, Ken Shuler, George Talbott, Austin Tilton, Charles Vavrina and David Zimet is
greatfully acknowledged. In addition, the authors would like to express their appreciation to the
various state agencies, Florida growers, and agricultural associations who contributed their technical
knowledge of vegetable crop production. Thanks also to Janice Baisden for her assistance in the
processing of this document.

UIWVRSITYt OF FLORIDA LBR.PIE

ABSTRACT

Costs of production are reported for thirteen vegetable crops produced in one or more of ten
production areas in Florida for the 1990-91 season. In all, twenty-seven crop-area combinations are
presented along with net return analyses. Labor and machinery cost breakdowns by operation are
detailed in appendix A.

Keywords: budgets, cost of production, vegetables.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This report is the outcome of work contributed by numerous individuals. In particular the
assistance of Ben Castro, Anthony Drew, Phyllis Gilreath, Chip Hinton, Bob Hochmuth, Tom
Schueneman, Ken Shuler, George Talbott, Austin Tilton, Charles Vavrina and David Zimet is
greatfully acknowledged. In addition, the authors would like to express their appreciation to the
various state agencies, Florida growers, and agricultural associations who contributed their technical
knowledge of vegetable crop production. Thanks also to Janice Baisden for her assistance in the
processing of this document.

UIWVRSITYt OF FLORIDA LBR.PIE

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pa e
EaMe

Abstract .................................... ............................. i
Acknowledgements ........................................................ i
Table of Contents ........................................................ iii
List of Tables ........................................................ iii
List of Appendix Tables ................................................... vi
Principal Vegetable Producing Areas in Florida and Major Vegetables Produced ......... ix
Key to Terms Used in Tables ............................................... xi
Introduction ........... ............................. ... ............. 1
Appendix A: Cultural Labor Costs by Activity and Machinery Costs by Operation. ...... 33

List of Tables
Table Page
1. Bush Beans: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91 .......... 5
2. Bush Beans: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ...................................... 5
3. Cabbage: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. .............. 6
4. Cabbage: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ......................................... 6
5. Celery: Estimated production costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91. ........... 7
6. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the central Florida area, 1990-91. ..................................... 7
7. Celery: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ............. 8
8. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ........................................ 8
9. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91. ....... 9
10. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the central Florida area, 1990-91. ..................................... 9
11. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ....... 10
12. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ..................................... 10
13. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ........ 11
14. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ....................................... 11
15. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91. 12
16. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91. ................................. 12

Table Page
17. Cucumbers: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91. .... 13
18. Cucumbers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91. ................................... 13
19. Eggplant Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91 ... 14
20. Eggplant Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in
the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91. .................................. 14
21. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 15
22. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91. ................................ 15
23. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 16
24. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91. ................................. 16
25. Lettuce: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ........... 17
26. Lettuce: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ....................................... 17
27. Chip Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ........ 18
28. Chip Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ........................................ 18
29. Table Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. .... 19
30. Table Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ..................................... 19
31. Table Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ........ 20
32. Table Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ........................................ 20
33. Summer Squash: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91 ... 21
34. Summer Squash: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ..................................... 21
35. Strawberries: Estimated production costs in the Plant City area, 1990-91. ........ 22
36. Strawberries: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Plant City area, 1990-91. ....................................... 22
37. Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ........ 23

Table PEa
38. Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Dade County area, 1990-91. ..................................... 23
39. Fall Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ......................................... .............. 24
40. Fall Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91. .................................. 24
41. Spring Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ......................................... .............. 25
42. Spring Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91. .................................. 25
43. Tomatoes: Estimated Production costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91. ........ 26
44. Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
north Florida area, 1990-91. ......................................... 26
45. Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91. .... 27
46. Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
southwest Florida area, 1990-91. ...................................... 27
47. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Alachua/Levy County area,
1990-91. ......................................... .............. 28
48. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Alachua/Levy County area, 1990-91. .............................. 28
49. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91 ... 29
50. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations
in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91. .................................. 29
51. Watermelons: Estimated Production costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91. ..... 30
52. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in
the north Florida area, 1990-91. ....................................... 30
53. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91. .. 31
54. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in
the southwest Florida area, 1990-91. .................................. 31

List of ADDendix Tables

Table E
A-I. Bush Beans: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area,
1990-91 ...................................................... 35
A-2. Bush Beans: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area,
1990-91. ...................................... .................. 35
A-3. Cabbage: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ...... 36
A-4. Cabbage: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. ...... 36
A-5. Celery. Summary of preharvest labor costs in the central Florida area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 37
A-6. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the central Florida area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 37
A-7. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ...... 38
A-8. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ...... 38
A-9. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the central Florida area,
1990-91 ......................................................... 39
A-10. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the central Florida area,
1990-91 .. ..................................... ................. 39
A- 1. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. 40
A-12. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. 40
A-13. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. .. 41
A-14. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. .. 41
A-15. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91. ...................................... .................. 42
A-16. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91. ...................................... .................. 42
A-17. Cucumbers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ..................................... .................. 43
A-18. Cucumbers: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ..................................... ............... 43
A-19. Eggplant Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91. ..................................... ................ 44
A-20. Eggplant Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91...................................................... 44

Table EI
A-21. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91. .......................................... ............. 45
A-22. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91. ....................................................... 45
A-23. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ....................................................... 46
A-24. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 46
A-25. Lettuce: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ..... 47
A-26. Lettuce: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91. ..... 47
A-27. Chip Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. .. 48
A-28. Chip Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. .. 48
A-29. Table Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 49
A-30. Table Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 49
A-31. Table Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91 ... 50
A-32. Table Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91. .. 50
A-33. Summer Squash: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 51
A-34. Summer Squash: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 51
A-35. Strawberries: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Plant City area, 1990-91 ... 52
A-36. Strawberries: Summary of machine use and costs in the Plant City area, 1990-91. .. 52
A-37. Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. .. 53
A-38. Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91. .. 53
A-39. Fall Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 54
A-40. Fall Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 54
A-41. Spring Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 55
A-42. Spring Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ...................................................... 55

vii

Table Eg
A-43. Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91. .. 56
A-44. Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91. .. 56
A-45. Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 57
A-46. Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91 ........................................................ 57
A-47. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Alachua/Levy County area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 58
A-48. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Alachua/Levy County area,
1990-91. ....................................................... 58
A-49. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ....................................................... 59
A-50. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 59
A-51. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor cost in the north Florida area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 60
A-52. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the north Florida area,
1990-91 ....................................................... 60
A-53. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91 ........................................................ 61
A-54. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91. ........................................................ 61

viii

PRINCIPAL VEGETABLE PRODUCING AREAS IN FLORIDA
AND MAJOR VEGETABLES PRODUCED

1 2

1. West--tomatoes, watermelons
2. North

A. Alachua/Levy County--watermelons

B. Hastings area--potatoes, cabbage .

C. Jefferson County--watermelons s5

D. Quincy area--tomatoes "c" et
3. North Central

E. Lake/Sumter County--watermelons

F. Zellwood area--celery, sweet corn

4. West Central

G. Plant City area--strawberries *.-

H. Manatee/Ruskin area--tomatoes, watermelons 6

6. Southwest--cucumbers, peppers, squash I j
tomatoes, watermelons

7. Everglades--celery, sweet corn, lettuce,
radishes, escarole .*

8. Southeast .* '

I. Palm Beach County--beans, cucumbers, sweet
corn, eggplant, squash

J. Dade County--beans, potatoes,
tomatoes, Cuban vegetables

X

Bactericide:

Bees:

Containers:

Crop insurance:

Custom work:

Fertilizer:

Fungicide:

General labor:

Harvesting:

Hauling:

Herbicide:

Insecticide:

Interest cost:

Labor:

Land rent:

Machinery cost:

Fixed:

Operating:

Overhead:

Packing:

Packing material:

Key to Terms Used in Tables

Includes only the cost of bactericides applied.

Bee hive rental when used for pollination purposes.

Includes cartons, crates, or baskets in which the product is transported to market.

Represents crop hail and/or multiperil insurance.

Work performed on a contract or piece-rate basis.

Includes only the cost of fertilizer (and lime) applied.

Includes only the cost of fungicides applied.

Estimate of labor hours per acre necessary to perform various production tasks
during the growing period. Harvest labor is included in harvesting cost.

Represents the cost of harvesting the crop and preparing it for movement to the
packinghouse on a per-packed-unit basis.

Moving the produce from the field to the packinghouse or storage area.

Includes only the cost of herbicides applied.

Includes only the cost of insecticides applied.

Interest charged on production capital only. An interest rate of 10.0 percent was
used in estimating this cost.

Includes field, tractor and supervisory labor used to produce the crop. Harvest
labor is included in harvesting cost.

An estimate of the prevailing rate charged for land utilized in each production
area and for each specific crop.

Represents the cost of using farm machinery and implements exclusive of labor.
This cost is reported in two subcategories:

Includes depreciation, interest charged to capital expenditures, taxes, storage, and
insurance.

Includes expenditures on fuel, oil, repair, and maintenance.

Includes indirect production costs, such as communications equipment, office
supplies, legal and audit fees, cost of regulatory compliance, administrative costs,
telephone, and incidental expenses. Typically, 10 percent of preharvest cost was
used to estimate overhead costs.

Preparing the product for shipment either in the field or at the packinghouse.

Hay used in packing watermelons.

Picking basket:

Plastic mulch:

Precooling:

Seed:

Selling:

Soil fumigants:

Supervision:

Transplants:

Transportation:

Wrapping paper:

Yield:

Baskets used by harvest laborers to move commodities from the field to trucks,
hauling carts, or field packing units.

Represents only the cost of materials.

The packinghouse charge for using one of a variety of methods to remove field
heat from the crop. Typically this is a charge to the buyer and not included in
F.O.B. values.

Represents only seed costs.

The packinghouse, market, sales organization, or dealer's charge for performing
the service of selling the crop.

Includes only the cost of fumigants applied.

Cost of salaried farm management. This value is based on a percent of preharvest
cost and does not include returns to management.

Includes cost of seed and/or nursery charges.

Moving the crop to a local market for sale.

Thin paper used to prevent damage to product caused by contact within
containers.

The number of marketable units produced per acre. It is not based on data
surveyed during a given season. Rather it is an estimate for the current year
based on historical data and other relevant information as available.

PRODUCTION COSTS FOR SELECTED FLORIDA VEGETABLES,

1990-91

Scott A. Smith and Timothy G. Taylor1

This report presents estimated costs of production for 13 vegetable crops produced in one or more

of 10 producing areas in Florida for the 1990-91 season. In all, 27 crop-area combinations are

included. The budgets were constructed using a newly developed computerized budget generator

program, AGSYS. Major improvements include the algorithms used to calculate fixed and variable

machinery costs. Although the total cost per hour for most machines has not changed significantly,

differences in the proportion of total cost assigned as fixed and variable expenses may be noticeable

for some machinery items. Technical coefficients used in constructing the budgets were obtained by

consultation with individual growers, county agents, and IFAS researchers. The input prices used in

conjunction with the technical coefficients were obtained by survey and correspondence with farm

suppliers and growers.

The budgets presented in this report are intended to reflect the cost of production incurred when

production practices that are considered typical for any given crop in a given area are followed. What

constitutes a typical production practice for each crop was defined by a consensus of opinion between

IFAS personnel and various producers in each production area. It should be emphasized that cost

estimates resulting from this process should not be considered as representing the average cost of

production in a statistical sense nor should they be considered as necessarily relating to recommended

production practices.

Two budgets reflecting double-crop production practices are included in this year's Cost of

Economic Analyst and Associate Professor respectively, Food and Resource
Economics Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of
Florida, Gainesville, Florida..

Production, southwest cucumbers and southwest watermelons. Double-crop production refers to the

practice of planting a subsequent crop directly into the plastic mulch-covered beds used to produce

an initial crop. Most commonly, tomatoes or peppers are followed by cucumbers or watermelons. The

combination of crops produced is generally determined by grower preference. This system of farming

is practiced in an effort to recover costs incurred in the production of the initial crop. For this reason,

actual production practices of the initial crop, either tomatoes or-peppers, are affected very little

where production of the subsequent crop is affected significantly relative to growing the crop

independently.

Although growers in many areas of Florida are actively involved in this system of farming, it

should be noted that not all budgets contained in this report reflect this practice. In particular the

budget for watermelons in the Manatee/Ruskin area is presented as a crop grown on "new ground"

which is not considered to be a common production practice in that area. In coming years, we hope

to increase the number of budgets, as applicable, which reflect double-crop production practices.

It should be noted that pre-cooling charges no longer appear in the budgets for celery, corn and

lettuce. Response from industry reviewers has indicated that these charges are incurred by the buyer,

are not included in F.O.B. values, and therefore should not be presented in production budgets.

For each crop contained in this report there are four tables that present various types of

information. Two tables for each crop are included in the text. The first reports estimated cost of

production per acre and per unit, and the second reports estimated net returns for various price and

yield combinations. The appendix contains two additional tables for each crop that summarize

preharvest labor costs by production activity, and a breakdown of fixed and variable machinery and

implement costs.

The net return range analyses provide information on how sensitive the estimated net return for

any crop is to variations in either yield per acre or price per unit. For each crop, net returns are

estimated for 25 price and yield combinations. The ranges for both price and yield are intended to

be broad enough to include the actual season average prices and yields obtained by growers in any

given area.

The following algorithm is used to estimate net returns per acre for five price yield combinations.

Net Return Per Acre = TR [TPC + (HC Yj)]
where;
TR = total revenue ( P,* Y ).
TPC totl preharvest cost per acre.
HC oer unit harvest cost.
P, range analysis price 1 to 5.
Yj range analysis yield I to 5.

The appendix tables detail costs for both labor input and various types of machinery and

implements. For labor, the estimated hours per acre required to perform an operation, or total man

hours per acre where specific operations cannot be itemized, and the cost per acre are delineated.

Also included is the estimated cost per acre for salaried farm management. Machinery costs are

reported for tractors, implements, and a miscellaneous category. The total hours used per acre and

estimated fixed and variable costs per acre are reported for each machine or implement.

Fixed machinery costs include interest cost, taxes, insurance, and depreciation. Variable

machinery costs include the cost of fuel, oil, and repair and maintenance. Both fixed and variable

machinery costs are calculated on the basis of hours of use per acre for each machine or implement.

It should be noted that tractor driver labor is not included in the variable cost of machinery, but

reported as "tractor labor" in the labor cost table.

Finally, in some cases, the total cost figures for various subcategories will not exactly equal the

sum of individual cost components due to rounding errors. In all cases, this difference is no more than

a few cents.

4

Table 1. Bush Beans: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Average Dper
Category Acre Bushel

Yield (30 lb. bushels) 150

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 72.10
Fertilizer and lime 180.25
Fungicide 113.37
Herbicide 2.57
Insecticide 98.53
Labor 270.22
Machinery 228.38
Interest 21.69
Miscellaneous
Well maintenance 20.00
Total operating cost 1,007.11
FIXED COST
Land rent 165.00
Machinery 78.80
Overhead 114.88
Total fixed cost 358.67
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,365.79 9.11
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Mechanical harvest/haul/pack 712.50 4.75
Load 75.00 0.50
Selling 75.00 0.50
Total harvest and marketing cost 862.50 5.75
TOTAL COST 2,228.29 14.86

Table 2. Bush Beans: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade
County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per bushel
Yield (bushels) 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00
100 -941.00 -741.00 -541.00 -341.00 -141.00
125 -835.00 -585.00 -335.00 -85.00 165.00
150 -728.00 -428.00 -128.00 172.00 472.00
175 -622.00 -272.00 78.00 428.00 778.00
200 -516.00 -116.00 284.00 684.00 1,084.00

Table 3. Cabbage: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Crate

Yield (50 lb. crates) 425

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 180.00
Fertihzer and lime 143.70
Fungicide 22.00
Herbicide 26.65
Insecticide 194.15
Labor 104.01
Machinery 156.34
Interest 52.88
Miscellaneous
Aerial spraying 12.10
Set transplants 99.00
Cover crop seed 5.28
Total operating cost 996.10
FIXED COST
Land rent 100.00
Machinery 61.48
Overhead 110.47
Total fixed cost 271.95
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,268.05 2.98
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Cut and pack 297.50 0.70
Haul 127.50 0.30
Containers 552.50 1.30
Selling 170.00 0.40
Total harvest and marketing cost 1,147.50 2.70
TOTAL COST 2,415.55 5.68

Table 4. Cabbage: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Hastings area, 1990-91.
Dollars per crate

Yield (crates) 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00
375 -781.00 -593.00 -406.00 -218.00 -31.00
400 -748.00 -548.00 -348.00 -148.00 52.00
425 -716.00 -503.00 -291.00 -78.00 134.00
450 -683.00 -458.00 -233.00 -8.00 217.00
475 -651.00 -413.00 -176.00 62.00 299.00

Table 5. Celery: Estimated production costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Crate

Yield (60 lb. crate) 675

---- Dollars ----
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 378.00
Fertihzer 118.96
Fungicide 153.87
Herbicide 22.87
Insecticide 181.15
Labor 268.04
Machinery 141.76
Interest 70.91
Miscellaneous
Hand weed 20.00
Crop insurance 65.00
Custom fertilizer application 3.50
Fertilizer loading 52.00
Aerial spraying 40.00
Ditch maintenance 8.00
Scouting 22.00
Total operating cost 1,546.06
FIXED COST
Land rent 150.00
Machinery 63.32
Overhead 157.80
Total fixed cost 371.12
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,917.19 2.84
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Cut, pack and close 877.50 1.30
Haul 202.50 0.30
Containers 648.00 0.96
Miscellaneous expenses 236.25 0.35
Total harvest and marketing cost 1,964.25 2.91
TOTAL COST 3,881.44 5.75

Table 6. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the central Florida
area, 1990-91.
Dollars per crate
Yield (crates) 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
625 -611.00 14.00 639.00 1,264.00 1,889.00
650 -559.00 91.00 741.00 1,391.00 2.041.00
675 -506.00 169.00 844.00 1,519.00 2,194.00
700 -454.00 246.00 946.00 1,646.00 2,346.00
725 -402.00 323.00 1,048.00 1,773.00 2,498.00

Table 7. Celery: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Crate

Yield (60 lb. crate) 630

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 280.50
Fertilizer 266.12
Fungicide 193.20
Herbicide 58.12
Insecticide 447.65
Labor 301.64
Machinery 181.95
Interest 49.73
Miscellaneous
Land leveling 45.00
Hand weed 100.00
Contract fertilizer application 10.00
Aerial spraying 49.50
Scouting 22.00
Ditch maintenance 8.00

Total operating cost 2,013.40
FIXED COST
Land rent 200.00
Machinery 82.40
Overhead 209.91
Total fixed cost 492.32
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 2,505.72 3.98
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Cut, pack and close 819.00 1.30
Haul 189.00 0.30
Containers 604.80 0.96
Miscellaneous expenses 220.50 0.35
Total harvest and marketing cost 1,833.30 2.91
TOTAL COST 4,339.02 6.89

Table 8. Celery. Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Everglades
area, 1990-91.
Dollars per crate

Yield (crates) 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
625 -1,199.00 -574.00 51.00 676.00 1,301.00
650 -1,147.00 -497.00 153.00 803.00 1,453.00
675 -1,095.00 -420.00 255.00 930.00 1,605.00
700 -1,043.00 -343.00 357.00 1,057.00 1,757.00
725 -990.00 -265.00 460.00 1,185.00 1,910.00

Table 9. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Crate

Yield (42 lb. crate) 345

- Dollars --
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 58.50
Fertilizer 82.80
Fungicide 22.00
Herbicide 2.75
Insecticide 141.18
Labor 145.92
Machinery 120.68
Interest 37.16
Miscellaneous
Aerial spraying 42.00
Scouting 18.00
Fertilizer application 3.50
Total operating cost 674.50
FIXED COST
Land rent 150.00
Machinery 40.35
Overhead 77.35
Total fixed cost 267.69
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 942.19 2.73
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick, pack and haul 345.00 1.00
Crates 396.75 1.15
Selling 69.00 0.20
Total harvest and marketing cost 810.75 2.35
TOTAL COST 1,752.94 5.08

Table 10. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
central Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per crate
Yield (crates) 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00
295 -455.00 -160.00 135.00 430.00 725.00
320 -414.00 -94.00 226.00 546.00 866.00
345 -373.00 -28.00 317.00 662.00 1,007.00
370 -332.00 38.00 408.00 778.00 1,148.00
395 -290.00 105.00 500.00 895.00 1,290.00

Table 11. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Crate

Yield (42 lb. crates) 300

- Dollars ----
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 49.50
Fertilizer 229.00
Fungicide 33.00
Herbicide 28.26
Insecticide 148.18
Labor 288.84
Machinery 226.21
Interest 49.42
Miscellaneous
Scouting 18.00
Custom fertilizer application 8.00
Total operating cost 1,098.41
FIXED COST
Land rent 325.00
Machinery 74.20
Overhead 135.34
Total fixed cost 534.54
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,632.95 5.44
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick, pack and haul 414.00 1.38
Containers 345.00 1.15
Selling 60.00 0.20

Total harvest and marketing cost 819.00 2.73
TOTAL COST 2,451.95 8.17

Table 12. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Dade County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per crate
Yield (crates) 5.50 7.00 8.50 10.00 11.50

250 -940.00 -565.00 -190.00 185.00 560.00
275 -871.00 -459.00 -46.00 366.00 779.00
300 -802.00 -352.00 98.00 548.00 998.00
325 -733.00 -245.00 242.00 730.00 1,217.00
350 -663.00 -138.00 387.00 912.00 1,437.00

Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Average ter
Category Acre Crate

Yield (42 lb. crate) 325

- Dollars ----
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 51.75
Fertilizer 88.10
Fungicide 48.87
Herbicide 14.38
Insecticide 194.79
Labor 139.87
Machinery 143.04
Interest 20.80
Miscellaneous
Level land 45.00
Contract fertilizer application 5.00
Contract rat bait application 2.50
Aerial spraying 46.75
Scouting 18.00
Clean ditches 8.00
Total operating cost 826.84
FIXED COST
Land rent 200.00
Machinery 47.91
Overhead 98.50
Total fixed cost 346.41
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,173.25 3.61
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick, pack and haul 325.00 1.00
Crates 373.75 1.15
Sell 65.00 0.20
Total harvest and marketing cost 763.75 2.35
TOTAL COST 1,937.00 5.96

Table 14. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Everglades area, 1990-91.

Dollars per crate

Yield (crates) 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00
275 -720.00 -445.00 -170.00 105.00 381.00
300 -678.00 -378.00 -78.00 222.00 522.00
325 -637.00 -312.00 13.00 338.00 663.00
350 -596.00 -246.00 104.00 454.00 804.00
375 -555.00 -180.00 195.00 571.00 946.00

Table 13.

Table 15. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Average Der
Category Acre Crate

Yield (42 lb. crate) 250

OPERATING COSTS
Seed
Fertilizer
Fungicide
Herbicide
Insecticide
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Ditch maintenance
Scouting
Aerial spraying
Contract fertilizer application
Crop insurance
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead
Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick, pack and haul
Crates
Selling
Total harvest and marketing cost
TOTAL COST

- Dollars -

42.07
203.25
9.15
31.47
179.22
268.40
337.99
35.18
17.50
18.00
38.95
3.25
25.00
1,209.44

280.00
116.48
146.80
543.28
1,752.72 7.01

300.00
287.50
50.00
637.50
2,390.22

1.20
1.15
0.20
2.55
9.56

Table 16. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per crate
Yield (crates) 5.25 6.75 8.25 9.75 11.25

175 -1,280.00 -1,018.00 -755.00 -493.00 -230.00
200 -1,213.00 -913.00 -613.00 -313.00 -13.00
225 -1,145.00 -808.00 -470.00 -133.00 205.00
250 -1,078.00 -703.00 -328.00 47.00 422.00
275 -1,010.00 -598.00 -185.00 227.00 640.00

Table 17. Cucumbers: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Bushel

Yield (55 lb. bushels) 600

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 73.00
Fertilizer and lime 252.00
Fungicide 70.40
Herbicide 19.85
Insecticide 87.03
Surfactant 34.03
Labor 202.34
Machinery 166.02
Interest 59.97
Miscellaneous
Clean ditches 17.00
Plastic disposal 156.82
Bees 30.00
String and stake removal 123.42"
Total operating cost 1,291.87
FIXED COST
Land rent 333.00
Machinery 49.45
Overhead 150.87
Total fixed cost 533.33
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,825.19b 3.04'
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick and haul 1,080.00 1.80
Pack 1,110.00 1.85
Containers 456.00 0.76
Selling 150.00 0.25
Total harvest and marketing cost 2,796.00 4.66
TOTAL COST 4,621.19 7.70
. Cost aUrUiW Gto seri emp a a resnum ll Idble. d pmudlm pratile l TMws
b Catds e f iea bu prepare s, pImr mukl mad ftmipa

Table 18. Cucumbers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
southwest Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per bushel
Yield (bushels) 6.00 7.75 9.50 11.25 13.00
400 -1,289.00 -589.00 111.00 811.00 1,511.00
500 -1,155.00 -280.00 595.00 1,470.00 2,345.00
600 -1,021.00 29.00 1,079.00 2,129.00 3,179.00
700 -887.00 338.00 1,563.00 2,788.00 4,013.00
800 -753.00 647.00 2,047.00 3,447.00 4,847.00

Eggplant Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acres Bushel
Yield (33 lb. bushels) 1,700

OPERATING COSTS
Transplants
Fertihzer and lime
Fumigant
Fungicide
Herbicide
Insecticide
Miticide
Surfactant
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Replacement stakes
Place and drive stakes
String
Tie plants
Plastic mulch
Ditch maintenance
Scouting
Laser level
Remove string and stakes
Plastic disposal
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead
Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick, pack and haul
Containers
Selling
Total harvest and marketing cost
TOTAL COST
a 7.2 Law bId fe

200.00
716.75
176.00
25.62
30.50
465.63
145.85
20.42
695.10
319.57
146.45
112.50
110.35
48.00
162.62
378.33
100.00
22.00
50.00
126.32
80.59
4,132.62

600.00
147.86
442.43
1,190.29
5,322.91

1,989.00
1,275.00
850.00
4,114.00
9,436.91

Dollars -

3.13

1.17
0.75
0.50
2.42
5.55

Table 20. Eggplant Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Palm
Beach County area, 1990-91.
Dollars ver bushel
Yield (bushels) 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00

1,500 -2,953.00 -1,453.00 47.00 1,547.00 3,047.00
1,600 -2,795.00 -1,195.00 405.00 2,005.00 3,605.00
1,700 -2,637.00 -937.00 763.00 2,463.00 4,163.00
1,800 -2,479.00 -679.00 1,121.00 2,921.00 4,721.00
1,900 -2,321.00 -421.00 1,479.00 3,379.00 5,279.00

Table 19.

Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Bushel

Yield (25 lb. bushels) 1,000

OPERATING COSTS
Transplants
Fertilizer and lime
Fumigant
Fungicide
Herbicide
Insecticide
Miticide
Surfactant
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Ditch maintenance
Level land
Plastic mulch
Place and drive stakes
Plastic string
Replacement stakes
Tie plants
Hand weed
Remove string and stakes
Plastic disposal
Scouting
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead

Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest, pack and haul
Containers
Selling
Total harvest and marketing cost

- Dollars -
700.00
329.00
176.00
103.04
63.06
247.44
145.85
164.71
603.31
325.96
141.99
100.00
50.00
378.33
61.71
37.50
72.00
26.14
24.68
126.32
80.59
30.00
3,987.64

600.00
131.16
427.74
1,158.89
5,146.53

1,600.00
880.00
500.00
2,980.00

5.15

1.60b
0.88
0.50
2.98

TOTAL COST 8,126.53 8.13
a 7,U Dhar kbi f.
b mt rWWdic tImacld k.
Table 22. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.
Dollars oer bushel
Yield (bushels) 6.00 6.75 7.50 8.25 9.00
600 -3,335.00 -2,885.00 -2,435.00 -1,985.00 -1,535.00
800 -2,731.00 -2,131.00 -1,531.00 -931.00 -331.00
1 000 -2,127.00 -1,377.00 -627.00 123.00 873.00
1:200 -1,523.00 -623.00 277.00 1,177.00 2,077.00
1,400 -919.00 131.00 1,181.00 1,231.00 3,281.00

Table 21.

Table 23. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre" Bushel

Yield (25 lb. bushels) 1,000

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 700.00
Fertilizer and lime 360.10
Fumigant 190.00
Fungicide 100.65
Herbicide 25.01
Insecticide 412.69
Surfactant 17.15
Labor 589.21
Machinery 579.86
Interest 124.56
Miscellaneous
Level land 145.00
Plastic mulch 270.00
Remove and dispose of plastic 156.82
Scouting 30.00
Total operating cost 3,701.05
FIXED COST
Land rent 333.00
Machinery 253.17
Overhead 389.03
Total fixed cost 975.21
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 4,676.26 4.68
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest, pack and haul 2,790.00 2.79
Containers 760.00 0.76
Selling 430.00 0.43
Total harvest and marketing cost 3,980.00 3.98
TOTAL COST 8,656.26 8.66
a 7, uT bed I W

Table 24. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
southwest Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per bushel

Yield (bushels) 6.00 7.50 9.00 10.50 12.00
600 -3,464.00 -2,564.00 -1,664.00 -764.00 136.00
800 -3:060.00 -1,860.00 -660.00 540.00 1,740.00
1,000 -2,656.00 -1,156.00 344.00 1,844.00 3,344.00
1,200 -2,252.00 -452.00 1,348.00 3,148.00 4,948.00
1,400 -1,848.00 252.00 2,352.00 4,452.00 6,552.00

Lettuce: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Crate

Yield (50 lb. crate) 575

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 44.49
Fertilizer 193.50
Fungicide 195.74
Herbicide 52.17
Insecticide 338.89
Labor 179.14
Machinery 150.97
Interest 39.11
Miscellaneous
Land level 45.00
Hand weed 200.00
Contract fertilizer application 10.00
Block 60.00
Aerial spraying 33.00
Total operating cost 1,542.00
FIXED COST
Land rent 200.00
Machinery 85.55
Overhead 167.16
Total fixed cost 452.71
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,994.70 3.47
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest, pack and haul 644.00 1.12
Containers 575.00 1.00
Selling 143.75 0.25
Total harvest and marketing cost 1,362.75 2.37
TOTAL COST 3,357.45 5.84

Table 26. Lettuce: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Everglades area, 1990-91.
Dollars Der crate
Yield (crates) 7.50 8.50 9.50 10.50 11.50
550 827.00 1,377.00 1,927.00 2,477.00 3,027.00
575 955.00 1,530.00 2,105.00 2680.00 3,255.00
600 1,083.00 1,683.00 2,283.00 2,883.00 3,483.00
625 1,211.00 1,836.00 2,461.00 3,086.00 3,711.00
650 1,340.00 1,990.00 2,640.00 3,290.00 3,940.00

Table 25.

Table 27. Chip Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 225

OPERATING COSTS
Seed
Fertilizer and lime
Fumigant
Fungicide
Herbicide
Insecticide
Nematicide
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Aerial spraying
Cover crop seed
Crop insurance
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead
Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Dig and haul
Grading
Total harvest and marketing cost
TOTAL COST

- Dollars -

308.62
154.48
92.00
131.32
15.71
70.24
31.50
107.39
175.13
60.40
12.10
5.28
21.00
1,185.28

100.00
79.85
130.47

310.32
1,495.60

191.25
90.00
281.25
1,776.85

6.65

0.85
0.40
1.25
7.90

Table 28. Chip Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Hastings area, 1990-91.
Dollars per cwt

Yield (cwts.) 6.00 6.75 7.50 8.25 9.00

175 -664.00 -533.00 -402.00 -271.00 -139.00
200 -546.00 -396.00 -246.00 -96.00 54.00
225 -427.00 -258.00 -89.00 79.00 248.00
250 -308.00 -121.00 67.00 254.00 442.00
275 -189.00 17.00 223.00 429.00 636.00

Table 29. Table Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Cwts.

Yield (cwts.) 200

- Dollars --- -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 474.00
Fertilizer and lime 176.60
Fungicide 35.70
Herbicide 31.64
Insecticide 162.41
Labor 177.28
Machinery 167.78
Interest 50.83
Miscellaneous
Well maintenance 20.00
Cover crop seed 10.00
Contract seed hauling 24.15
Total operating cost 1,320.04
FIXED COST
Land rent 325.00
Machinery 91.16
Overhead 157.54
Total fixed cost 573.70
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,894.10 9.47
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Dig and haul 148.00 0.74
Grade 260.00 1.30
Selling 140.00 0.70
Sacks 176.00 0.88
Total harvest and marketing cost 724.00 3.62
TOTAL COST 2,618.10 13.09

Table 30. Table Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Dade County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per sack
Yield (cwts) 8.00 10.50 13.00 15.50 18.00

150 -1,237.00 -862.00 -487.00 -112.00 263.00
175 -1,128.00 -690.00 -253.00 185.00 622.00
200 -1,018.00 -518.00 -18.00 482.00 982.00
225 -909.00 -346.00 216.00 779.00 1,341.00
250 -799.00 -174.00 451.00 1,076.00 1,701.00

Table Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 200

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 250.32
Fertilizer and lime 154.59
Fumigant 92.00
Fungicide 123.52
Herbicide 32.70
Insecticide 70.24
Nematicide 31.50
Labor 107.39
Machinery 175.14
Interest 57.98
Miscellaneous
Aerial spraying 12.10
Cover crop seed 5.28
Crop insurance 21.00
Total operating cost 1,133.76
FIXED COST
Land rent 100.00
Machinery 79.87
Overhead 125.57
Total fixed cost 305.44
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,439.20 7.20
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Dig and haul 170.00 0.85
Grading 280.00 1.40
Sacks 152.00 0.76
Selling 120.00 0.60
Total harvest and marketing cost 722.00 3.61
TOTAL COST 2,161.20 10.81

Table 32. Table Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Hastings area, 1990-91.
Dollars per cwt

Yield ( cwts) 6.00 7.50 9.00 10.50 12.00

150 -1,081.00 -856.00 -631.00 -406.00 -181.00
175 -1,021.00 -758.00 -496.00 -233.00 29.00
200 -961.00 -661.00 -361.00 -61.00 239.00
225 -901.00 -564.00 -226.00 111.00 449.00
250 -842.00 -467.00 -92.00 283.00 658.00

Table 31.

Summer Squash: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Category Acre Averue shell

Yield (42 lb. bushels) 275

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 150.00
Fertilizer and lime 150.00
Fungicide 155.50
Insecticide 49.52
Labor 228.53
Machinery 202.22
Interest 48.85
Miscellaneous
Well maintenance 20.00
Total operating cost 1,004.62
FIXED COST
Land rent 165.00
Machinery 73.75
Overhead 111.64
Total fixed cost 350.38
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,355.00 4.93
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Pick and haul 500.50 1.82
Grade and load 275.00 1.00
Containers 343.75 1.25
Selling 137.50 0.50
Total harvest and marketing cost 1,256.75 4.57
TOTAL COST 2,611.75 9.50

Table 34. Summer Squash: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Dade County area, 1990-91.
Dollars ner bushel
Yield (bushels) 9.50 10.75 12.00 13.25 14.50
225 -246.00 35.00 317.00 598.00 879.00
250 -123.00 190.00 502.00 815.00 1 128.00
275 1.00 344.00 688.00 1,032.00 1,376.00
300 124.00 499.00 874.00 1,249.00 1,624.00
325 247.00 653.00 1,060.00 1,466.00 2,872.00

Table 33.

Strawberries: Estimated production costs in the Plant City area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Flat

Yield (12 lb. flats) 2,000

Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 1,650.50
Fertilizer and lime 360.50
Fumigant 184.00
Fungicide 823.75
Herbicide 106.68
Insecticide 744.41
Labor 198.41
Machinery 298.01
Interest 429.74
Miscellaneous
Plastic mulch 278.46
Remove plastic mulch 55.78
Cut runners Hoe and Weed 120.00
Transplant labor 220.00
Cover crop seed 35.00
Irrigation tube 327.18
Total operating cost 5,831.91
FIXED COST
Land rent 1,000.00
Machinery 172.65
Overhead 657.48
Total fixed cost 1,830.14
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 7,662.05 3.83
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest labor 2,700.00 1.35
Pack, load and haul 640.00 0.32
Supervision 200.00 0.10
Boxes and cups 1,800.00 0.90
Sell 1,200.00 0.60
Total harvest and marketing cost 6,540.00 3.27
TOTAL COST 14,202.05 7.10
* U14 UMuner bd (a

Table 36. Strawberries: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Plant City area, 1990-91.
Dollars per flat

Yield (flats) 6.00 7.75 9.50 11.25 13.00
1,400 -3,840.00 -2,090.00 1,060.00 3,510.00 5,960.00
1,600 -3,294.00 -1,294.00 2,306.00 5,106.00 7,906.00
1,800 -2,748.00 -498.00 3,552.00 6,702.00 9,852.00
2,000 -2,202.00 298.00 4,798.00 8,298.00 11,798.00
2,200 -1,656.00 1,094.00 6,044.00 9,894.00 13,744.00

Table 35.

Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre Carton

Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,300

- Dollars -- -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 201.70
Fertilizer 339.50
Bactericide 61.12
Fumigant 198.00
Fungicide 126.81
Herbicide 76.89
Insecticide 280.97
Surfactant 13.09
Labor 587.18
Machinery 306.38
Interest 155.63
Miscellaneous
Frost protection 100.00
Plastic mulch 291.00
Plastic string 81.00
Stake depreciation and maintenance 128.00
Plastic disposal 25.00
Tie plants 98.01
Well maintenance 20.00
Scouting 35.00
Total operating cost 3,125.27
FIXED COST
Land rent 325.00
Machinery 132.36
Overhead 320.28
Total fixed cost 777.64
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 3,902.92 3.00
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and haul 1,079.00 .83
Packing 2,275.00 1.75
Containers 871.00 0.67
Selling 195.00 0.15
Total harvest and marketing cost 4,420.00 3.40
TOTAL COST 8,322.92 6.40
a 7,21 lw ed t
Table 38. e SWte0in et returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade

Dollars per carton
Yield (cartons) 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00
1,100 -1,043.00 57.00 1,157.00 2,257.00 3,357.00
1,200 -783.00 417.00 1,617.00 2,817.00 4,017.00
1,300 -523.00 777.00 2,077.00 3,377.00, 4,677.00
1,400 -263.00 1,137.00 2,537.00 3,937.00 5,337.00
1,500 -3.00 1,497.00 2,997.00 4,497.00 5,997.00

Table 37.

Table 39. Fall Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre" Carton

Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,100

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 270.00
Fertihzer and lime 334.08
Fumigant 322.00
Fungicide 315.96
Herbicide 44.91
Insecticide 273.85
Labor 843.51
Machinery 479.55
Interest 113.19
Miscellaneous
Plastic mulch 255.00
Plastic string 110.00
Replacement stakes 112.50
Scouting 35.00
Total operating cost 3,627.35
FIXED COST
Land rent 205.00
Machinery 300.03
Overhead 375.62
Total fixed cost 880.65
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 4,507.99 4.10
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and haul 792.00 0.72
Packing 1,760.00 1.60
Containers 737.00 0.67
Selling 165.00 0.15
Total harvest and marketing cost 3,454.00 3.14
TOTAL COST 7,961.99 7.24

a 7.20 Hnar bd ter

Table 40. Fall Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Manatee/ Ruskin area, 1990-91.
Dollars oer carton

Yield (cartons) 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00
900 -1,034.00 -584.00 -134.00 316.00 766.00
1,000 -648.00 -148.00 352.00 852.00 1,352.00
1,100 -262.00 288.00 838.00 1,388.00 1,938.00
1,200 124.00 724.00 1,324.00 1,924.00 2,524.00
1,300 510.00 1,160.00 1,810.00 2,460.00 3,110.00

Table 41. Spring Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.
Average per
Category Acre" Carton

Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,400

- Dollars ----

OPERATING COSTS
Transplants
Fertilizer and lime
Fumigant
Fungicide
Herbicide
Insecticide
Surfactant
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Paint
Plastic mulch
Plastic string
Replacement stakes
Scouting
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead
Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and haul
Packing
Containers
Selling
Total harvest and marketing cost
TOTAL COST

270.00
334.08
322.00
206.84
32.24
303.25
117.80
793.94
423.43
167.41
50.00
255.00
110.00
112.50
35.00
3,533.48

205.00
252.21
357.32

814.53
4,348.01

910.00
2,240.00
938.00
210.00
4,298.00
8,646.01

3.11

0.65
1.60
0.67
0.15
3.07
6.18

a 7,2 hlar bd thra

Table 42. Spring Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in
the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.
Dollars per carton

Yield (cartons) 4.75 5.25 5.75 6.25 6.75

1,200 -2,332.00 -1,732.00 -1,132.00 -532.00 68.00
1,300 -2,164.00 -1,514.00 -864.00 -214.00 436.00
1,400 -1,996.00 -1,296.00 -596.00 104.00 804.00
1,500 -1,828.00 -1,078.00 -328.00 422.00 1,172.00
1,600 -1,660.00 -860.00 -60.00 740.00 1,540.00

Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91.

Average per
Category Acre' Carton

Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,600

OPERATING COSTS
Transplants
Fertilizer and lime
Fungicide
Herbicide
Insecticide
Surfactant
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Plastic mulch
Plastic string
Replacement stakes
Trickle tube
Trickle tube maintenance
Scouting
Tie plants
Prune plants
Set and drive stakes
Crop insurance
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead
Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and haul
Packing
Containers
Selling
Total harvest and marketing cost
TOTAL COST

- Dollars -

225.00
201.25
284.99
42.12
274.54
54.44
554.75
316.77
163.07
327.24
140.00
120.00
290.40
7.00
38.00
130.68
32.67
98.01
230.00
3,530.93

200.00
142.46
346.76
689.23
4,220.15

1,488.00
2,960.00
1,072.00
240.00
5,760.00
9,980.15

2.64

0.93
1.85
0.67
0.15
3.60
6.24

a 7,2ie h *r abd fre
Table 44. Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the north
Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per carton
Yield (cartons) 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00
1,400 -2,260.00 -1,560.00 -860.00 -160.00 540.00
1,500 -2,120.00 -1,370.00 -620.00 130.00 880.00
1,600 -1,980.00 -1,180.00 -380.00 420.00 1,220.00
1,700 -1,840.00 -990.00 -140.00 710.00 1,560.00
1,800 -1,700.00 -800.00 100.00 1,000.00 1,900.00

Table 43.

Table 45. Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.
Average per
Category Acre' Carton

Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,400
- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Transplants 330.00
Fertihzer and lime 290.50
Fumigant 190.00
Fungicide 230.51
Herbicide 19.85
Insecticide 264.67
Labor 528.25
Machinery 520.65
Interest 168.01
Miscellaneous
Level land 145.00
Plastic mulch 270.00
Cross ditch 27.20
Trickle tube 254.10
Plastic string 107.00
Replacement stakes 112.50
Remove string and stakes 123.42
Remove and dispose of plastic 156.82
Tie plants 145.20
Prune plants 78.41
Set and drive stakes 81.31
Scouting 39.00
Total operating cost 4,082.40
FIXED COST
Land rent 333.00
Machinery 200.70
Overhead 498.85
Total fixed cost 1,032.55
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 5,114.95 3.65
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and haul 1,302.00 0.93
Packing 2,590.00 1.85
Containers 938.00 0.67
Selling 210.00 0.15
Total harvest and marketing cost 5,040.00 3.60
TOTAL COST 10,154.95 7.25
a 7,W20 Umr bhs fee
Table 46. Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
southwest Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per carton
Yield (cartons) 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00
1,000 -2,715.00 -1,715.00 -715.00 285.00 1,285.00
1,200 -2,235.00 -1,035.00 165.00 1,365.00 2,565.00
1,400 -1,995.00 -695.00 605.00 1,905.00 3,205.00
1,600 -1,755.00 -355.00 1,045.00 2,445.00 3,845.00
1,800 -1,515.00 -15.00 1,485.00 2,985.00 4,485.00

Table 47. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Alachua/Levy County area, 1990-91.

Average oer
Category Acre Cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 300

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 25.18
Fertilizer and lime 117.50
Fungicide 85.57
Labor 70.38
Machinery 153.28
Interest 25.98
Miscellaneous
Aerial spraying 21.00
Bee rental 4.00
Total operating cost 502.89
FIXED COST
Land rent 50.00
Machinery 57.42
Overhead 58.43
Total fixed cost 165.85
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 668.74 2.23
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and pack 375.00 1.25
Packing material 9.00 0.03
Selling 300.00 1.00
Research assessment 6.00 0.02
Total harvest and marketing cost 690.00 2.30
TOTAL COST 1,358.74 4.53

Table 48. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Alachua/ Levy County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per cwt.
Yield (cwts.) 4.00 4.75 5.50 6.25 7.00
250 -244.00 -56.00 131.00 319.00 506.00
275 -201.00 5.00 211.00 418.00 624.00
300 -159.00 66.00 291.00 516.00 741.00
325 -116.00 128.00 371.00 615.00 859.00
350 -74.00 189.00 451.00 714.00 976.00

Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.

AveraRge per
Category Acre Cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 320

Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 24.44
Fertilizer and lime 341.00
Fungicide 30.33
Insecticide 58.25
Labor 266.46
Machinery 256.18
Interest 55.45
Miscellaneous
Scouting 25.00
Bee rental 3.60
Total operating cost 1,060.71
FIXED COST
Land rent 205.00
Machinery 102.51
Overhead 122.69
Total fixed cost 430.20
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,490.91' 4.66'
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and pack 480.00 1.50
Packing material 9.60 0.03
Selling 320.00 1.00
Research Assessment 6.40 0.02
Total harvest and marketing cost 816.00 2.55
TOTAL COST 2,306.91 7.21

a Oat mi remI diMlnts preJmW piralm.

Table 50. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
Manatee/ Ruskin area, 1990-91.
Dollars per cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00

280 -805.00 -525.00 -245.00 35.00 315.00
300 -756.00 -456.00 -156.00 144.00 444.00
320 -707.00 -387.00 -67.00 253.00 573.00
340 -658.00 -318.00 22.00 362.00 702.00
360 -609.00 -249.00 111.00 471.00 831.00

Table 49.

Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91.

Average her
Category Acre Cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 325

- Dollars -
OPERATING COSTS
Seed 65.06
Fertilizer and lime 120.25
Fungicide 60.95
Nematicide 7.68
Labor 99.75
Machinery 202.10
Interest 41.70
Miscellaneous
Plastic mulch 127.16
Frost protection 62.68
Well 50.00
Total operating cost 837.33
FIXED COST
Land rent 50.00
Machinery 86.70
Overhead 93.23
Total fixed cost 229.93
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,067.26 3.28
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and pack 406.25 1.25
Packing materials 9.75 0.03
Selling 325.00 1.00
Research assessment 6.50 0.02
Total harvest and marketing cost 747.50 2.30
TOTAL COST 1,814.76 5.58

Table 52. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
north Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 4.00 4.75 5.50 6.25 7.00
275 -642.00 -455.00 -267.00 -80.00 108.00
300 -600.00 -394.00 -187.00 19.00 225.00
325 -557.00 -332.00 -107.00 118.00 343.00
350 -515.00 -271.00 -27.00 216.00 460.00
375 -472.00 -210.00 53.00 315.00 578.00

Table 51.

Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Average Pter
Category Acre Cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 340

OPERATING COSTS
Transplants
Fertihzer and lime
Fungicide
Insecticide
Herbicide
Labor
Machinery
Interest
Miscellaneous
Ditch maintenance
Plastic removal and disposal
Remove string and stakes
Bees
Total operating cost
FIXED COST
Land rent
Machinery
Overhead
Total fixed cost
TOTAL PREHARVEST COST
HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS
Harvest and pack
Research assessment
Selling
Total harvest and marketing cost
TOTAL COST

---- Dollars -

105.00
120.00
148.50
109.85
19.85
475.67
272.95
73.14
17.00
156.82
123.42'
30.00
1,652.19

333.00
110.15
188.99
632.14
2,284.33'

656.20
6.80
340.00
1,003.00
3,287.33

6.72'

1.93
0.02
1.00
2.95
9.67

* C" martlbuWtl mmm eo ma as a d rnuB of pmIl Pduem pidlre fsm Toei-m.
h C"un mde ndu Ald acd rbeL. prermin rPul id. faml maL

Table 54. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the
southwest Florida area, 1990-91.
Dollars per cwt.

Yield (cwts.) 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00
300 -769.00 -469.00 -169.00 131.00 431.00
320 -668.00 -348.00 -28.00 292.00 612.00
340 -567.00 -227.00 113.00 453.00 793.00
360 -466.00 -106.00 254.00 614.00 974.00
380 -365.00 15.00 395.00 775.00 1,155.00

Table 53.

32

Appendix

Cultural Labor Costs by Activity and Machinery Costs by Operation

34

Table A-I. Bush Beans: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Seed and fertilize 0.50 3.00
Water control 25.60 153.60
Total cultural labor 26.10 156.60
Total tractor labor 4.15 33.20
Supervision 80.42
TOTAL LABOR COST 270.22

Table A-2. Bush Beans: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per acre

Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 0.75 2.79 4.83 7.62
100 hp 1.00 5.45 9.22 14.67
160 hp 1.58 15.00 24.24 39.25
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. heavy disc 1.33 3.91 2.39 6.30
14 ft. bottom plow 0.25 0.88 1.36 2.24
4 row fertilizer appl. 0.67 10.17 6.99 17.16
4 row planter 0.33 1.77 3.26 5.04
Boom sprayer 0.75 5.48 4.04 9.52
4 row cultivator 0.67 0.83 0.74 1.57
MISCELLANEOUS
117 hp truck mounted pump 12.80 20.19 104.61 124.80
Farm truck 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 78.80 228.38 307.17

Table A-3. Cabbage: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
General labor 9.00 56.97
Total cultural labor 9.00 56.97
Total tractor labor 5.80 47.04
TOTAL LABOR COST 104.01

Table A-4. Cabbage: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 2.23 8.30 14.36 22.66
125 hp 2.41 17.54 28.68 46.22
140 hp 1.02 7.77 13.25 21.02
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. harrow 0.60 1.51 0.46 1.97
V-ditcher 1.60 1.48 1.14 2.62
8 row chopper 0.42 1.85 0.62 2.47
Lister 0.10 0.57 0.28 0.85
8 row bedder 0.47 1.54 0.47 2.01
8 row cross ditcher 0.17 1.09 0.18 1.27
Boom Sprayer 0.06 0.22 0.16 0.38
Side mower 1.33 2.23 1.75 3.98
Bulk spreader 0.41 0.71 0.63 1.34
4 row transplanter 0.50 0.94 1.73 2.67
MISCELLANEOUS
10 hp electric pump 24.10 3.40 25.94 29.34
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 61.48 156.34 217.82

Table A-5. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Planting labor 16.75 85.42
Water control 6.00 30.60
Total cultural labor 22.75 116.02
Total tractor labor 4.64 41.56
Supervision 110.46
TOTAL LABOR COST 268.04

Table A-6. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 2.33 8.67 15.01 23.68
180hp 1.46 15.81 25.44 41.26
IMPLEMENTS
20 ft. disc 0.43 1.44 0.44 1.89
Moldboard plow 0.17 0.61 0.47 1.09
20 ft. leveler 0.20 0.48 0.26 0.74
Rolling cultivator 0.25 0.55 0.27 0.82
Boom sprayer 1.00 7.89 5.82 13.71
8 row herbicide sprayer 1.00 5.31 3.92 9.23
12 row transplanter 0.67 9.01 16.57 25.57
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 1.00 1.21 6.87 8.09
Farm truck 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 63.32 141.76 205.08

Table A-7. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Planting labor 16.75 92.13
Water control 2.68 14.74
Total cultural labor 19.43 106.86
Total tractor labor 5.18 47.84
Supervision 146.94
TOTAL LABOR COST 301.64

Table A-8. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 3.55 13.21 22.87 36.07
225 hp 1.05 16.41 22.57 38.98
IMPLEMENTS
16 ft. disc 0.08 0.25 0.08 0.33
20 ft. disc 0.20 0.71 0.22 0.92
Moldboard plow 0.10 0.36 0.28 0.64
Cross ditcher 0.05 0.54 0.09 0.63
Rolling cultivator 0.25 0.55 0.27 0.82
Boom sprayer 2.25 16.44 12.13 28.57
8 row herbicide sprayer 1.00 5.31 3.92 9.23
12 row transplanter 0.67 9.01 16.57 25.57
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 1.17 1.43 8.11 9.54
200 hp diesel pump 0.67 1.63 9.21 10.84
Farm trucks 16.57 85.64 102.20
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .82.40 181.95 264.35

Table A-9. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Planting labor 0.33 1.68
General farm labor 13.50 68.85
Total cultural labor 13.83 70.53
Total tractor labor 2.58 21.24
Supervision 54.15
TOTAL LABOR COST 145.92

Table A-10. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the central Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 0.85 3.16 5.47 8.64
180 hp 0.99 10.65 17.14 27.79
IMPLEMENTS
20 ft. disc 0.60 2.02 0.62 2.63
Moldboard plow 0.22 0.79 0.61 1.41
20 ft. leveler 0.17 0.41 0.22 0.63
Rolling cultivator 0.43 0.94 0.47 1.41
Granular hopper 0.43 0.24 0.11 0.35
8 row herbicide sprayer 0.20 1.06 0.78 1.85
Pneumatic corn planter 0.22 5.55 10.54 16.10
MISCELLANEOUS
175 hp diesel pump 1.50 3.18 18.04 21.23
Farm truck 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 40.35 120.68 161.03

Table A-11. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Plant 0.60 3.60
Water control 25.60 153.60
Total cultural labor 26.20 157.20
Total tractor labor 4.61 36.90
Supervision 94.74
TOTAL LABOR COST 288.84

Table A-12. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
85 hp 2.36 10.69 18.48 29.17
125 hp 0.67 4.88 7.97 12.85
180 hp 0.66 7.10 11.42 18.52
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. heavy disc 0.50 1.47 0.90 2.37
25 ft. disc 0.16 1.24 0.76 1.99
14 ft. bottom plow 0.50 1.76 2.72 4.49
4 row bedder w/hoppers 0.17 0.68 0.41 1.09
Boom sprayer 1.52 11.10 8.20 19.30
4 row cultivator 0.55 1.20 1.20 2.40
4 row corn planter/fert. 0.29 1.56 2.87 4.43
MISCELLANEOUS
117 hp mounted pump 12.80 20.19 104.61 124.80
Farm truck 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .74.20 226.21 300.41

Table A-13. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Planting labor 0.30 1.65
Fertilization 2.50 13.75
Water control 2.25 12.37
Total cultural labor 5.05 27.78
Total tractor labor 6.16 43.14
Supervision 68.95
TOTAL LABOR COST 139.87

Table A-14. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
60 hp 3.95 13.20 22.18 35.38
80 hp 0.18 0.77 1.33 2.10
225 hp 0.33 5.11 7.03 12.14
Highboy 0.29 0.19 0.69 0.88
IMPLEMENTS
20 ft. disc 0.20 0.67 0.21 0.88
12 ft. chisel plow 0.13 0.44 0.24 0.68
Cross ditcher 0.05 0.32 0.05 0.37
Rolling cultivator 0.50 1.09 0.54 1.64
Granular hopper 3.20 1.79 0.79 2.58
8 ft. mower 0.29 0.49 0.38 0.87
8 row herbicide sprayer 0.20 1.06 0.78 1.85
Pneumatic corn planter 0.18 4.54 8.62 13.17
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 2.26 2.73 15.47 18.20
175 hp diesel pump 1.50 3.18 18.04 21.23
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .47.91 143.04 190.95

Table A-15. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Cultivate and fertilize 1.88 11.28
Cross ditch 1.23 7.38
Miscellaneous general labor 14.39 86.34
Total cultural labor 17.50 105.00
Total tractor labor 7.73 60.64
Supervision 102.76
TOTAL LABOR COST 268.40

Table A-16. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 0.33 1.27 2.19 3.46
80 hp 0.40 1.81 3.13 4.94
100 hp 3.88 21.34 36.15 57.49
180 hp 1.25 13.45 21.64 35.08
IMPLEMENTS
Rolling cultivator 0.33 0.74 0.37 1.11
12 ft. disc 0.75 1.89 0.58 2.47
20 ft. disc 0.50 1.68 0.51 2.19
Pneumatic corn planter 0.31 7.83 14.85 22.68
Band fert. distributor 0.40 3.53 4.61 8.13
Boom sprayer 3.57 26.08 19.25 45.33
MISCELLANEOUS
30 hp electric pump 35.00 14.84 113.05 127.88
100 hp diesel pump 8.00 9.71 54.99 64.69
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 116.48 337.99 454.48

Table A-17. Cucumbers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Plant 3.33 19.98
Water control 2.33 13.98
Fertilize 2.00 12.00
Water in plants 2.73 16.38
Total cultural labor 10.39 62.34
Total tractor labor 3.28 34.39
Supervision 105.61
TOTAL LABOR COST 202.34

Table A-18. Cucumbers: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 0.33 0.77 1.26 2.03
70 hp 2.29 8.52 14.75 23.27
IMPLEMENTS
1 row mower 0.33 0.55 0.43 0.99
3 row herbicide sprayer 0.67 2.63 1.94 4.57
Boom sprayer 1.63 11.91 8.79 20.70

MISCELLANEOUS
20 hp diesel pump 30.00 7.28 41.24 48.52
60 hp diesel pump 7.50 5.46 30.93 36.39
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 49.45 166.02 215.48

Table A-19. Eggplant Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Fertilize 3.20 19.20
Bed, fumigate and press bed 1.60 9.60
Lay plastic 1.60 9.60
Make cross ditches 10.00 60.00
Set plants 20.00 120.00
Water control 6.00 36.00
Total cultural labor 42.40 254.40
Total tractor labor 16.69 131.00
Supervision 309.70
TOTAL LABOR COST 695.10

Table A-20. Eggplant: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 0.90 2.11 3.44 5.55
70 hp 9.00 33.49 57.97 91.46
100 hp 3.45 18.98 32.15 51.12
IMPLEMENTS
1 row mower 0.40 0.67 0.52 1.20
12 ft. disc 1.65 4.16 1.27 5.43
1 row bedder 0.80 1.51 0.46 1.97
1 row bed presser 0.80 0.50 0.11 0.61
1 row fertilizer distributor 0.80 5.58 7.28 12.86
1 row plastic machine 0.80 2.60 1.92 4.52
1 row fumigator 0.80 1.59 1.61 3.20
1 row hole puncher 0.40 0.27 0.16 0.42
2 row herbicide sprayer 2.40 4.78 3.53 8.31
Boom Sprayer 5.40 39.45 29.12 68.57
1 row burner 0.50 1.68 1.27 2.95
Broadcast spreader 0.20 0.34 0.30 0.64
MISCELLANEOUS
30 hp electric pump 13.97 5.92 45.12 51.04
100 hp diesel pump 8.51 10.33 58.49 68.82
117 hp truck mounted pump 1.00 1.58 8.17 9.75
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 147.86 319.57 467.43

Table A-21. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Fertilize 3.20 19.20
Bed and fumigate 1.60 9.60
Lay plastic 1.60 9.60
Cross ditch 10.00 60.00
Plant 11.50 69.00
Water control 3.50 21.00
Total cultural labor 31.40 188.40
Total tractor labor 13.71 115.49
Supervision 299.42
TOTAL LABOR COST 603.31

Table A-22. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area,
1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 0.80 1.88 3.05 4.93
70 hp 3.77 14.03 24.28 38.31
100 hp 7.20 39.60 67.09 106.69
IMPLEMENTS
1 row mower 0.40 0.67 0.52 1.19
12 ft. disc 1.65 4.16 1.27 5.43
1 row bedder 0.80 1.51 0.46 1.97
1 row bed presser 0.80 0.50 0.11 0.61
1 row plastic machine 0.80 2.60 1.92 4.52
1 row cross ditcher 0.50 1.43 0.23 1.66
2 row transplanter 2.00 2.02 3.71 5.73
Boom Sprayer 2.75 20.09 14.83 34.92
2 row herbicide sprayer 0.60 1.20 0.88 2.08
Stake wagon 0.80 0.85 0.22 1.07
Broadcast spreader 0.67 1.13 1.01 2.14
2 row fertilizer distributor 0.80 5.58 7.28 12.86
MISCELLANEOUS
30 hp electric pump 21.13 8.96 68.25 77.21
100 hp diesel pump 9.10 11.04 62.55 73.59
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 131.16 325.96 457.12

Table A-23. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Prepare beds and cross ditch 0.92 5.52
Lay plastic 1.18 7.08
Transplant 9.50 57.00
Replant 2.00 12.00
Water control 4.50 27.00
Total cultural labor 18.10 108.60
Total tractor labor 19.84 208.29
Supervision 272.32
TOTAL LABOR COST 589.21

Table A-24. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area,
1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 0.35 0.82 1.34 2.16
85 hp 11.21 50.78 87.76 138.54
125 hp 2.13 15.51 25.35 40.85
150 hp 0.81 6.43 11.25 17.69
210 hp 1.36 18.59 28.42 47.01
IMPLEMENTS
18 ft disc 0.50 1.61 0.49 2.10
Row marker 0.10 0.13 0.03 0.17
Field cultivator 0.31 0.66 0.33 0.99
V-ditcher 0.60 2.02 1.56 3.57
Ditch plow 0.36 0.33 0.26 0.59
3 row superbedder 0.40 5.71 1.75 7.46
3 row fumigator 0.31 1.39 1.40 2.79
3 row plastic machine 0.31 3.76 2.24 6.00
3 row transplanter 1.52 1.53 2.82 4.35
3 row herbicide sprayer 0.25 1.00 0.74 1.74
Boom sprayer 10.90 79.63 58.78 138.41
MISCELLANEOUS
20 hp diesel pump 120.00 29.12 164.97 194.08
60 hp diesel pump 30.00 21.84 123.72 145.56
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .253.17 579.86 833.03

Table A-25. Lettuce: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Planting labor 3.00 16.50
Water control 3.49 19.19
Total cultural labor 6.49 35.70
Total tractor labor 3.44 26.43
Supervision 117.01
TOTAL LABOR COST 179.14

Table A-26. Lettuce: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
25 hp 0.30 0.25 0.60 0.85
40 hp 0.05 0.12 0.19 0.31
60 hp 0.25 0.84 1.40 2.24
225 hp 0.79 11.61 15.97 27.58
D-4 Catapiller 1.67 21.61 20.11 41.73
IMPLEMENTS
24 ft. disc 0.54 2.52 0.77 3.29
12 ft. chisel plow 0.05 0.17 0.09 0.26
Moldboard plow 0.10 0.36 0.28 0.64
12 ft. mole drain 0.10 0.15 0.00 0.15
Cross ditcher 0.05 0.32 0.05 0.37
Side mower 0.10 0.42 0.33 0.75
Boom sprayer 0.25 1.83 1.35 3.17
8 row herbicide sprayer 0.20 1.06 0.78 1.84
Lettuce planter 1.67 26.06 8.86 34.91
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 2.25 2.73 15.47 18.20
175 hp diesel pump 1.50 3.18 18.04 21.23
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .85.55 150.97 236.52

Table A-27. Chip Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
General labor 5.41 34.25
Total cultural labor 5.41 34.25
Total tractor labor 9.09 73.14
TOTAL LABOR COST 107.39

Table A-28. Chip Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
55 hp 0.13 0.34 0.63 0.97
70 hp 5.84 21.73 37.62 59.35
125 hp 1.18 8.59 14.04 22.63
140 hp 0.79 6.02 10.27 16.28
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. harrow 0.37 0.78 0.24 1.02
V-ditcher 2.40 2.22 1.71 3.93
8 row chopper 0.47 2.07 0.69 2.76
Lister 0.10 0.57 0.28 0.86
8 row bedder 0.55 4.37 1.33 5.70
8 row cross ditcher 0.21 2.26 0.37 2.63
4 row potato planter 0.14 1.69 3.12 4.81
Boom sprayer 0.36 2.63 1.94 4.57
Elevator 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.07
Potato cutter 0.23 3.68 0.47 4.15
Side mower 2.67 4.49 3.50 7.99
Bulk spreader 0.50 0.84 0.75 1.59
3 row fumigator 0.17 0.76 0.77 1.53
MISCELLANEOUS
10 hp electric pump 24.10 3.40 25.94 29.34
Bulk truck 1.06 4.74 5.80
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 79.85 175.13 254.98

Table A-29. Table Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Seed cutting labor 1.50 9.00
Water control 2.00 12.00
Hoe 0.15 0.90
Planting labor 2.00 12.00
Total cultural labor 5.65 33.90
Total tractor labor 4.14 33.10
Supervision 110.28
TOTAL LABOR COST 177.28

Table A-30. Table Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per acre

Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
85 hp 0.53 2.40 4.15 6.55
125 hp 0.67 4.88 7.97 12.85
160 hp 1.86 17.66 28.54 46.20
IMPLEMENTS
10 ft. weed chopper 0.17 0.57 0.38 0.95
16 ft. disc 0.88 2.77 1.69 4.47
14 ft. bottom plow 0.31 1.09 1.69 2.78
4 row bedder w/hoppers 0.17 0.68 0.41 1.09
4 row herbicide sprayer 0.18 0.99 0.55 1.54
Boom Sprayer 0.90 6.57 4.85 11.43
4 row cultivator 0.67 1.46 1.46 2.92
4 row potato planter 0.50 6.05 11.13 17.18
Potato cutter 1.50 23.97 4.18 28.15
Elevator 0.33 1.98 0.46 2.43
MISCELLANEOUS
117 hp mounted pump 3.00 4.73 24.52 29.25
Bulk truck 3.02 9.11 12.13
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 91.16 167.78 258.93

Table A-31. Table Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
General labor 5.41 34.25
Total cultural labor 5.41 34.25
Total tractor labor 9.09 73.14
TOTAL LABOR COST 107.39

Table A-32. Table Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
55 hp 0.13 0.34 0.63 0.97
70 hp 5.84 21.73 37.62 59.35
125 hp 1.18 8.59 14.04 22.63
140 hp 0.79 6.02 10.27 16.28
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. harrow 0.37 0.78 0.24 1.02
V-ditcher 2.40 2.22 1.71 3.93
8 row chopper 0.47 2.07 0.69 2.76
Lister 0.10 0.57 0.28 0.86
8 row bedder 0.55 4.37 1.33 5.70
8 row cross ditcher 0.21 2.26 0.37 2.63
4 row potato planter 0.14 1.69 3.12 4.81
Boom sprayer 0.36 2.63 1.94 4.57
Elevator 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.07
Potato cutter 0.23 3.68 0.47 4.15
Span piler 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03
Side mower 2.67 4.49 3.50 7.99
Bulk spreader 0.50 0.84 0.75 1.59
3 row fumigator 0.17 0.76 0.77 1.53
MISCELLANEOUS
10 hp electric pump 24.10 3.40 25.94 29.34
Bulk truck 1.06 4.74 5.80
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 79.87 175.14 255.01

Table A-33. Summer Squash: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Seed and fertilize
Water control
Total cultural labor
Total tractor labor
Supervision
TOTAL LABOR COST

0.33
19.20
19.53
4.15

1.98
115.20
117.18
33.20
78.15
228.53

Table A-34. Summer Squash: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.
Dollars per acre

Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 0.75 2.79 4.83 7.62
100 hp 1.00 5.45 9.22 14.67
160 hp 1.58 15.00 24.24 39.25
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. heavy disc 1.33 3.91 2.39 6.30
14 ft. bottom plow 0.25 0.88 1.36 2.24
4 row fertilizer appl. 0.67 10.17 6.99 17.16
4 row planter 0.33 1.77 3.26 5.04
Boom sprayer 0.75 5.48 4.04 9.52
4 row cultivator 0.67 0.83 0.74 1.57
MISCELLANEOUS
117 hp truck mounted pump 9.60 15.14 78.46 93.60
Farm truck 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 73.75 202.22 275.97

Table A-35. Strawberries: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Plant City area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Lay plastic 7.20 39.60
Total cultural labor 7.20 39.60
Total tractor labor 22.69 158.81
TOTAL LABOR COST 198.41

Table A-36. Strawberries: Summary of machine use and costs in the Plant City area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
35 hp 10.37 14.43 30.35 44.77
75 hp 4.78 19.18 33.06 52.24
110 hp 3.00 19.70 31.72 51.43
IMPLEMENTS
12 ft. disc 2.00 5.04 1.54 6.58
Roterra 0.67 7.76 2.58 10.34
Broadcast spreader 0.31 0.52 0.47 0.99
Row marker 0.14 0.19 0.05 0.24
Boom sprayer 9.40 68.67 50.69 119.36
2 row bed presser 1.00 0.84 0.18 1.02
2 row herb sprayer 1.33 2.63 1.94 4.57
1 row fumigator 1.00 1.99 2.01 4.00
1 row hole puncher 0.33 0.44 0.26 0.70
Band fertilizer distributor 0.67 3.99 5.21 9.20
1 row plastic layer 1.00 3.25 2.40 5.65
MISCELLANEOUS
10 hp electric pump 9.38 1.32 10.09 11.41
100 hp diesel pump 8.55 10.37 58.77 69.14
Farm Trucks 5.00 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 172.65 298.01 470.66

Table A-37. Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Lay plastic/fumigate 0.50 3.00
Prepare plug mix 0.13 0.78
Plant 0.30 1.80
Thin plants 3.00 18.00
Prune plants 3.00 18.00
Fertilize 0.90 5.40
Water control 28.80 172.80
Drive stakes 8.25 49.50
Pull stakes 1.20 7.20
Total cultural labor 46.08 276.48
Total tractor labor 10.81 86.50
Supervision 224.20
TOTAL LABOR COST 587.18

Table A-38. Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre

Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 0.73 1.71 2.79 4.50
70 hp 3.79 14.06 24.35 38.41
100 hp 1.20 8.80 14.91 23.71
160 hp 2.22 20.99 33.91 54.90
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. heavy disc 0.83 2.44 1.49 3.93
14 ft. bottom plow 0.25 0.88 1.36 2.24
3 row middle buster 0.33 0.97 0.59 1.56
3 row bedder/presser 0.40 1.60 0.98 2.57
3 row fumigator 0.40 1.79 1.81 3.60
3 row fert. distributor 1.00 8.73 11.40 20.13
3 row plastic machine 0.40 3.25 2.40 5.65
3 row Tomato planter 0.29 2.73 5.02 7.75
6 row herbicide sprayer 0.50 3.16 1.77 4.93
Boom sprayer 2.00 14.61 10.78 25.40
6 row stake driver 0.80 7.53 3.63 11.16
3 row stake puller 0.40 2.82 12.97 15.79
Stake wagon 0.40 0.43 0.11 0.54
Fertilizer tender 0.33 2.05 0.53 2.58
MISCELLANEOUS
Mixer 0.13 0.51 0.20 0.71
117 hp mounted pump 13.33 20.98 108.70 129.67
1 ton truck 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .132.36 306.38 438.75

Table A-39. Fall Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Set plants 3.00 18.00
Replant 1.00 6.00
Set stakes 8.80 52.80
Drive stakes 4.00 24.00
Tie plants 14.00 84.00
Prune plants 4.50 27.00
Water control 2.50 15.00
Remove plastic/stakes 18.00 108.00
Total cultural labor 55.80 334.80
Total tractor labor 33.44 245.77
Supervision 262.94
TOTAL LABOR COST 843.51

Table A-40. Fall Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 4.17 15.52 26.86 42.38
100 hp 14.53 79.92 135.38 215.30
125 hp 2.93 21.33 34.87 56.20
180 hp 3.52 37.87 60.93 98.80
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. disc 1.82 5.35 1.64 6.99
14 ft. leveler 1.00 3.73 0.81 4.53
Row marker 0.29 0.39 0.10 0.49
Ditch plow 0.36 0.33 0.26 0.59
V-ditcher 1.33 4.47 3.45 7.92
3 row bedder/fert. distrib. 0.33 1.04 0.32 1.36
1 row bed presser 0.36 0.23 0.05 0.28
1 row fumigator 0.80 1.59 1.61 3.20
1 row fert. distributor 0.80 5.58 7.28 12.86
Fertilizer tender 1.60 9.94 2.59 12.53
1 row plastic machine 0.80 2.60 1.92 4.52
1 row hole puncher 0.29 0.19 0.11 0.30
1 row plant setter 1.52 3.06 5.64 8.70
Herbicide sprayer 2.00 7.97 5.88 13.85
6 row stake driver 1.52 14.30 6.90 21.20
3 row stake puller 0.50 3.52 5.41 8.93
3 row burner 0.14 0.52 0.39 0.91
Stake wagon 1.52 1.62 0.42 2.04
Boom sprayer 7.40 54.06 39.90 93.96
Broadcast spreader 0.13 0.22 0.20 0.41
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 10.18 12.35 69.97 82.32
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST .300.03 479.55 779.58

Table A-41. Spring Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Set plants 3.00 18.00
Replant 1.00 6.00
Set stakes 8.80 52.80
Drive stakes 4.00 24.00
Tie plants 14.00 84.00
Prune plants 4.50 27.00
Water control 2.50 15.00
Remove plastic/stakes 18.00 108.00
Total cultural labor 55.80 334.80
Total tractor labor 28.44 209.02
Supervision 250.12
TOTAL LABOR COST 793.94

Table A-42. Spring Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area,
1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp
100 hp
125 hp
180 hp
IMPLEMENTS
13 ft. disc
14 ft. leveler
Row marker
Ditch plow
V-ditcher
3 row bedder/fert. distrib.
1 row bed presser
1 row fumigator
1 row fert. distributor
Fertilizer tender
1 row plastic machine
1 row hole puncher
1 row plant setter
Herbicide sprayer
6 row stake driver
3 row stake puller
3 row burner
Stake wagon
Boom sprayer
Broadcast spreader
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump
Farm trucks
TOTAL MACHINERY COST

4.04
10.66
2.93
3.52

1.82
1.00
0.29
0.36
1.33
0.33
0.36
0.80
0.80
1.60
0.80
0.29
1.52
1.33
1.52
0.50
0.14
1.52
4.20
0.13

10.18

15.03
58.63
21.33
37.87

5.35
3.73
0.39
0.33
4.47
1.04
0.23
1.59
5.58
9.94
2.60
0.19
3.06
5.30
14.30
3.52
0.52
1.62
30.68
0.22

12.35
12.33

26.02
99.33
34.87
60.93

1.64
0.81
0.10
0.26
3.45
0.32
0.05
1.61
7.28
2.59
1.92
0.11
5.64
3.91
6.90
5.41
0.39
0.42
22.65
0.20

69.97
66.68

252.21 423.43

41.05
157.96
56.20
98.80

6.99
4.53
0.49
0.59
7.92
1.36
0.28
3.20
12.86
12.53
4.52
0.30
8.70
9.21
21.20
8.93
0.91
2.04
53.33
0.41

82.32
79.00
675.64

Table A-43. Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Soil prep/bedding 4.50 23.62
Lay plastic 3.20 16.80
Transplant and reset 5.50 28.88
Water control 25.00 131.25
Total cultural labor 38.20 200.55
Total tractor labor 14.86 111.47
Supervision 242.73
TOTAL LABOR COST 554.75

Table A-44. Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 6.35 14.90 24.25 39.14
70 hp 2.13 7.93 13.72 21.64
125 hp 3.41 24.82 40.58 65.40
IMPLEMENTS
16 ft. disc 1.34 4.22 1.29 5.51
14 ft leveler 0.27 1.01 0.22 1.22
1 row bedder/presser 1.00 2.52 0.77 3.29
1 row plastic machine 0.80 2.60 1.92 4.52
1 row plant setter 1.33 2.68 4.93 7.61
3 row herbicide sprayer 0.52 2.07 1.53 3.60
Boom sprayer 5.50 40.18 29.66 69.84
6 row stake driver 0.33 3.10 1.50 4.60
Stake wagon 0.33 0.35 0.09 0.44
Moldboard plow 0.80 2.89 2.23 5.12
MISCELLANEOUS
40 hp diesel pump 33.30 16.16 91.56 107.72
30 hp electric pump 11.10 4.71 35.85 40.56
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 142.46 316.77 459.23

Table A-45. Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Lay plastic 2.40 14.40
Transplant and reset 9.60 57.60
Water control 4.50 27.00
Total cultural labor 16.50 99.00
Total tractor labor 14.22 138.25
Supervision 291.00
TOTAL LABOR COST 528.25

Table A-46. Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
70 hp 4.58 17.04 29.50 46.54
100 hp 0.41 2.26 3.82 6.08
125 hp 3.11 22.57 36.89 59.46
180 hp 1.59 13.77 22.16 35.93
210 hp 1.69 23.10 35.31 58.42
IMPLEMENTS
18 ft. disc 1.28 4.03 1.23 5.26
Row marker 0.10 0.13 0.03 0.16
V-ditcher 0.92 3.13 2.41 5.54
Ditch plow 0.36 0.33 0.26 0.59
3 row bedder 0.40 5.71 1.75 7.46
3 row fumigator 0.31 1.39 1.40 2.79
3 row plastic machine 0.44 3.57 2.64 6.21
3 row transplanter 1.33 1.34 2.47 3.81
6 row herbicide sprayer 0.67 2.63 1.94 4.57
Boom sprayer 3.25 23.74 17.53 41.27
6 row stake driver 1.33 11.96 5.77 17.72
Stake wagon 0.67 0.71 0.19 0.90
MISCELLANEOUS
20 hp diesel pump 120.00 29.12 164.97 194.08
60 hp diesel pump 30.00 21.84 123.72 145.56
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST -200.70 520.65 721.35

Table A-47. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Alachua/Levy County area,
1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
General labor 10.34 51.70
Total cultural labor 10.34 51.70
Total tractor labor 3.11 18.68
TOTAL LABOR COST 70.38

Table A-48. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Alachua/Levy County area,
1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
60 hp 0.89 2.97 5.00 7.97
125 hp 1.60 11.65 19.04 30.69
IMPLEMENTS
12 ft. disc 0.60 1.51 0.46 1.97
Sub-soil shank 0.40 0.67 0.37 1.04
1 row middle buster 0.20 0.59 0.18 0.77
1 row bedder 0.20 0.38 0.12 0.50
1 row fert. distributor 0.20 1.39 1.82 3.21
Broadcast spreader 0.20 0.34 0.30 0.64
Bottom plow 0.40 1.34 1.04 2.38
1 row planter 0.29 1.56 2.87 4.43
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 3.00 3.64 20.62 24.26
Hose reel/gun/trailer 3.00 19.04 34.79 53.83
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 57.42 153.28 210.70

Table A-49. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Hoe 2.00 12.00
Replant 4.00 24.00
Miscellaneous labor 12.72 76.32
Total cultural labor 18.72 112.32
Total tractor labor 9.29 68.26
Supervision 85.88
TOTAL LABOR COST 266.46

Table A-50. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 0.80 1.88 3.05 4.93
85 hp 2.40 10.87 18.79 29.66
100 hp 2.78 15.24 25.81 41.05
320 hp 0.67 13.56 19.48 33.04
IMPLEMENTS
6 ft. weed chopper 0.67 1.11 0.87 1.98
12 ft. disc 1.60 4.03 1.23 5.26
14 ft. leveler 0.20 0.75 0.16 0.91
V-ditcher 0.20 0.18 0.14 0.33
1 row bedder 0.33 0.62 0.19 0.81
1 row fert. distributor 0.80 5.58 7.28 12.86
Fertilizer tender 0.80 4.97 1.29 6.27
1 row planter 0.44 2.37 4.35 6.72
Boom sprayer 1.60 11.69 8.63 20.32
MISCELLANEOUS
100 hp diesel pump 14.29 17.34 98.22 115.56
Farm Trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 102.51 256.18 358.69

Table A-51. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
General farm labor 8.60 45.15
Total cultural labor 8.60 45.15
Total tractor labor 9.10 54.60
TOTAL LABOR COST 99.75

Table A-52. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the north Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars Der acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
85 hp 1.92 9.28 13.34 22.62
125 hp 1.95 15.13 20.80 35.94
IMPLEMENTS
16 ft. disc 0.95 10.66 3.71 14.38
Sub-soil shank 0.40 1.02 0.24 1.26
1 Row bedder 0.20 0.23 0.14 0.37
1 Row fert. distributor 0.17 1.49 1.28 2.77
1 row plastic machine 0.40 1.56 1.00 2.56
Boom Sprayer 0.50 5.41 2.93 8.34
Bottom plow 0.40 1.38 0.80 2.18
Chisel plow 0.57 1.97 1.14 3.11
1 row planter 0.29 3.46 1.41 4.87
Hose reel/gun/trailer 3.00 27.68 7.33 35.01
MISCELLANEOUS
25 hp electric pump 3.00 3.45 1.85 5.30
150 hp diesel pump 3.00 16.15 30.17 46.32
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 98.87 86.16 185.03

Table A-53. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre

CULTURAL LABOR
Plant 3.33 19.98
Water-in plants 2.73 16.38
Fertilize 2.74 16.44
Turn vines 30.00 180.00
Water control 2.33 13.98
Total cultural labor 41.13 246.78
Total tractor labor 9.20 96.60
Supervision 132.29
TOTAL LABOR COST 475.67

Table A-54. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the southwest Florida area, 1990-91.

Dollars per acre
Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total

TRACTORS
40 hp 2.70 6.33 10.31 16.64
70 hp 4.66 17.34 30.02 47.36
IMPLEMENTS
Boom sprayer 6.70 48.95 36.13 85.08
3 row herbicide sprayer 0.66 2.63 1.94 4.57
MISCELLANEOUS
20 hp diesel pump 46.52 11.29 63.95 75.24
100 hp diesel pump 15.50 11.28 63.92 75.21
Farm trucks 12.33 66.68 79.00
TOTAL MACHINERY COST 110.15 272.95 383.09

MILLISECOND	CLASS.METHOD	MESSAGE
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor	Application State validated or built
0	sobekcm_database.verify_item_lookup_object
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor	Navigation Object created from URI query string
0	sobekcm_database.verify_item_lookup_object
0	sobekcm_page_globals.display_item	Retrieving item or group information
0	sobekcm_page_globals.get_entire_collection_hierarchy	Retrieving hierarchy information
0	sobekcm_assistant.get_entire_collection_hierarchy
0	cached_data_manager.retrieve_item_aggregation
0	cached_data_manager.retrieve_item_aggregation	Found item aggregation on local cache
0	item_aggregation_builder.get_item_aggregation	Found 'all' item aggregation in cache
0	system.web.ui.page.page_load (ufdc.page_load)
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor.on_page_load
0	html_echo_mainwriter.add_style_references	Adding style references to HTML
0	html_echo_mainwriter.add_text_to_page	Reading the text from the file and echoing back to the output stream
49	html_echo_mainwriter.add_text_to_page	Finished reading and writing the file

	Front Cover
	Abstract
	Acknowledgement
	Table of Contents
	Map: principal vegetable producing...
	Key to terms used in tables
	Main
	Tables
	Appendix