Front Cover
        Front cover
    Abstract
        Page i
    Acknowledgements
        Page i
    Table of Contents
        Page ii
    List of Tables
        Page iii
    Main
        Page 1
        Page 2
        Page 3
        Page 4
        Page 5
        Page 6
        Page 7
        Page 8
        Page 9
        Page 10
    Reference
        Page 11
    Addenda
        Page 12
        Page 13
        Page 14
        Page 15
        Page 16
        Page 17
        Page 18
        Page 19
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/0-0

Ronald P. Muraro
John W. Hebb
Ed W. Stover


Economic Information
Report 98-5


Budgeting Costs and Returns
For Indian River Citrus
Production, 1997-98


/* UNIVERSITY OF
x FLORIDA
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Food and Resource Economics Department
Florida agricultural Experiment Station
Florida Cooperative Extension Service
Gainesville, FL 32611


August 1998
















ABSTRACT


Estimated costs and returns of growing seedless grapefruit in the Indian River area of Florida are
presented for the twentieth year. The format presented may be used by individual growers to budget costs
and returns, utilizing individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Indian River, budgeting, costs and returns, seedless grapefruit.

NOTE: The Indian River production area refers to the citrus producing counties on Florida's east coast
including Brevard, Indian River, Martin, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie counties.

The budgeted cost information presented herein is the most current available. The budget cost
items have been revised to reflect current grove practices being used by growers--e.g.,
chemical mowing, different spray materials and rates of fertilization, microsprinkler irrigation,
more reset trees, etc. Thus the 1997-98 budget costs reflect reduced fertilizer for fresh market
grapefruit and lower fertilizer and pesticide materials costs and increased per acre yield due
to higher per acre tree densities.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom-managed operation based on a "net grove
acre" excluding non-productive areas not in grove and those not harvested for fresh market
grapefruit. Therefore, all equipment costs are based on the average custom rate costs
and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are representative for a
mature (10+ years old) Indian River white grapefruit grove, the grove care costs for a specific
grove site may differ depending upon the tree age, tree density and the grove practices
performed; e.g., spot herbicide for grass/brush regrowth under tree could add an additional
$18.62 per acre; "skirting trees" or pruning the lower branches could add $14.13 per acre or
extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza could substantially increase the tree replacement
and care costs; spray applications to control citrus leafminer and nematicide applications of
Temik or Nemacur could increase the total cultural costs per acre above the average costs
shown in the comparative budgets. Also, travel and set-up costs may vary due to size of the
citrus grove and distance from grove equipment barn.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production managers of the Indian River
citrus production area who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.
















ABSTRACT


Estimated costs and returns of growing seedless grapefruit in the Indian River area of Florida are
presented for the twentieth year. The format presented may be used by individual growers to budget costs
and returns, utilizing individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Indian River, budgeting, costs and returns, seedless grapefruit.

NOTE: The Indian River production area refers to the citrus producing counties on Florida's east coast
including Brevard, Indian River, Martin, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie counties.

The budgeted cost information presented herein is the most current available. The budget cost
items have been revised to reflect current grove practices being used by growers--e.g.,
chemical mowing, different spray materials and rates of fertilization, microsprinkler irrigation,
more reset trees, etc. Thus the 1997-98 budget costs reflect reduced fertilizer for fresh market
grapefruit and lower fertilizer and pesticide materials costs and increased per acre yield due
to higher per acre tree densities.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom-managed operation based on a "net grove
acre" excluding non-productive areas not in grove and those not harvested for fresh market
grapefruit. Therefore, all equipment costs are based on the average custom rate costs
and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are representative for a
mature (10+ years old) Indian River white grapefruit grove, the grove care costs for a specific
grove site may differ depending upon the tree age, tree density and the grove practices
performed; e.g., spot herbicide for grass/brush regrowth under tree could add an additional
$18.62 per acre; "skirting trees" or pruning the lower branches could add $14.13 per acre or
extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza could substantially increase the tree replacement
and care costs; spray applications to control citrus leafminer and nematicide applications of
Temik or Nemacur could increase the total cultural costs per acre above the average costs
shown in the comparative budgets. Also, travel and set-up costs may vary due to size of the
citrus grove and distance from grove equipment barn.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production managers of the Indian River
citrus production area who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.
















TABLE OF CONTENTS


Pane

ABSTRACT ............ ...................... ..... ........................... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................... ... ........... i

LIST OF TABLES ............................. .................. .. .......... i

INTRODUCTION ...... ........................................ ........... 1

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION .............................................. 1

COSTS AND INPUTS ......................................................... 1

THE GROVE SITUATION ........................... ..... ..... ............ 2

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS .................................... ......... 4

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS .................................... .......... 5

REFERENCES ................. ................................... ..... ..... 11

ADDENDA ....................... .. .... .. .. .......... .......... 12


NOTE: The ADDENDA include a Listing of Grove Care Options for Indian River
Citrus Production for Both Round Oranges and Grapefruit; 1998 custom
rate summary report; cost of establishing a citrus grove; etc. Page 12 is a
list of the tables included in the ADDENDA.
















LIST OF TABLES


Table Page

1 Schedule of production practices and budget items for an Indian River Florida
grapefruit grove, 1997-98 ............................................... 3

2 Calculation of normal production per acre, 1997-98 ........................... 4

3 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit
grove producing for the fresh market, Indian River area, 1997-98 ................ 6

4 Estimated total delivered-in cost for Indian River White grapefruit grown for the
processed juice market under three cultural cost programs, 1997-98 .............. 7

5 Estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh market Indian River White grapefruit, 1997-98 ..... 8

6 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for
a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh fruit market in
the Indian River area, 1993-94--1997-98 .. ........ ........... ............ 9

7 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns
(adjusted to 1998 dollars) for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing
citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1993-94--1997-98 ........... 10









BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS FOR INDIAN RIVER
CITRUS PRODUCTION, 1997-98


Ronald P. Muraro, John W. Hebb and Ed W. Stover


INTRODUCTION


Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. Budget analysis can be used to
calculate potential profits from an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation, and to
determine break-even prices. This report presents a budget constructed from current data and serves as a
format for growers to analyze costs and returns from their individual records.


METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION


The data presented here were developed by surveying custom operators, input suppliers, growers, and
colleagues at both the Indian River Research and Education Center in Ft. Pierce and the Citrus Research
and Education Center in Lake Alfred and County Extension Citrus Agents in the Indian River production
region. The survey is conducted annually in February and March.


COSTS AND INPUTS


Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus growers as well as the average of
the data obtained from annual custom rate, chemical, and fertilizer surveys. Growers' costs are shown in
the ADDENDA, Table 1-A through 7-A. The custom rate costs are shown in Table 8-A and the various
chemical and fertilizer costs are shown in Table 9-A and 10-A in the ADDENDA. The budget costs
represent a custom-managed operation based on a "net grove acre" excluding non-productive areas.
Therefore, all equipment costs are based upon the average custom-rate costs and a 10 percent
handling and supervision charge is added to the material cost.







RONALD P. MURARO is a Professor of Food and Resource Economics and Extension Farm
Management Economist stationed at the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred. JOHN W.
HEBB is Extension Agent, Citrus in St. Lucie County, Ft. Pierce. ED W. STOVER is Extension
Horticulturist at the Indian River Research and Education Center, Ft. Pierce.









Although brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA, this does not imply
endorsement by the University of Florida. It is merely an attempt to depict typical production practices.
All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to insert data from a particular grove.
This will allow a comparison of the grower's costs with those presented.



THE GROVE SITUATION


Production practices for an Indian River grapefruit grove are shown in Table 1 with times during the
year when they would likely be performed. There are two benefits to developing such a table for an
individual grove. First, it shows what work is needed and when, so that operations can be planned well in
advance. Second, it can be helpful if an annual cash flow analysis is developed to plan financing. The
individual grower may benefit from developing a plan for a particular grove.
Specific production practices vary from grove to grove making it difficult to define a "typical" grove.
Many combinations of practices and various tree variety combinations produce acceptable yields and
returns. Although the example represents a white seedless grapefruit grove, the cost and return data are
designed to be applicable to most grove situations. A grower, realtor, or land appraiser can substitute
individual grove costs and expected returns into the budget format and develop a budget for a particular
grove. A "your cost" column is appropriately provided for this purpose in subsequent tables.
In the following budget, above average management and cultural practices are assumed. Beyond this
general assumption, the following specifics are assumed.




1. A mature (10+ years old), low volume-irrigated grove;
2. Variety is white seedless on sour orange rootstock;
3. Tree loss is 3.5 percent annually;
4. Trees are pulled and replaced when production falls below
50 percent of expected yield;
5. Production is for fresh market;
6. Tree density is 85 trees per acre; and
7. Custom-caretaker is providing grove management.




As a result of tree losses and replacement, the tree ages will vary. The budget reflects the following
age distribution and yield for Indian River white seedless grapefruit:











Table 1.-Schedule of production practices and budget items for an Indian River Florida grapefruit grove, 1997-98'

Month

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec


Total revenue:


deposit


Final
oavment


Less: Pick & haul cost X

DOC advertisement tax X


Grove expenses:


Chemical


Chemical


Mow X X Mow Mow X

Labor, general grove work, pull vines X X

Herbicide (sprayed strip estimated as 1/2 grove acre equivalent) X X X

Spray: Post bloom/nutritional X X

Summer oil/greasy spot X

Fall miticide X

Supplemental miticide X

Fertilizer 42# N/A 42# N/A 42# N/A Dolomite

Hedging and topping Hedge

Brush removal/chop brush Chop brush

Tree removal X

Young tree care X X X X X

Microjet irrigation (times/week) 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1

Miscellaneous (clean ditches) X

Grove taxes including water management X

Interest expense X

Annual principal payment on mortgage X

'This is a suggested schedule of practices. Actual practices would not necessarily be done on the exact schedule shown here.








% of
grove Tree age and condition Boxes/tree
3.5% pulled and reset 0.0
3.5% 1 year old 0.0
3.5% 2 years old 0.0
3.5% 3 years old 1.0
3.5% 4 years old 1.7
38.5% 5-15 years old 5.5
3.5% producing 50% of expected yield 3.5
40.5% over 15 years 7.5


Calculation of normal production per acre is shown in Table 2. Note that the proportion-of-trees-by-
age column only adds to 89.5 percent since 10.5 percent of the trees are non-bearing.



Table 2.--Calculation of normal production per acre, 1997-98
Boxes Total
Age of Tree Trees /tree boxes
Total no. Proportion No. ea.
all ages a. age ae ---------- No.------
3 years 85 x 0.035 = 3.0 x 1.0 = 3.0
4 years 85 x 0.035 = 3.0 x 1.7 = 5.1
5-15 years 85 x 0.385 = 32.7 x 5.5 = 179.9
Prod. 50% of
exp. yield 85 x 0.035 = 3.0 x 3.5 = 10.5
Over 15 years 85 x 0.405 = 34.4 x 7.5 = 258.0
Total boxes = 456.5

'Proportion adds up to 0.895 (89.5 percent) as 10.5 percent of the trees were non-bearing (pulled and
reset, 1 and 2 year old trees; see page 4).

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS


The estimated budget costs and returns for the Indian River grove situation are shown in Table 3.
The budgeted costs represent one possible citrus production program and were selected from the costs
shown in the ADDENDA tables. The gross revenue estimates are based on the projected yields in Table
3 and estimated preliminary on-tree prices for the 1997-98 season. Historical on-tree prices for selected
Florida citrus varieties are shown in Table 14-A of the ADDENDA.








As shown in Table 3, the total revenue for fresh-market white seedless grapefruit is estimated to be
$895.72 per acre. Total specified costs are $974.17 and are comprised of grove care costs of $926.17, plus
management cost of $48.00. Return to land, trees, and ownership is a negative -$28.45 and represents net
loss above fixed costs. At 325 and 525 boxes per acre, respectively, the break-even price required to cover
grove care costs for seedless white grapefruit range from $2.85 to $1.76 per box on-tree and $1.35 to $1.11
per pounds solids delivered-in for eliminations.
Ad valorem taxes, and overhead and administrative costs (such as water drainage district taxes, crop
insurance, and other grower assessments) can add up to 12 percent of the total grove care costs. These costs
vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, variety of fruit, etc. and should be considered in
arriving at a net return to land, trees, and ownership (total return minus total costs). Harvest costs (pick,
roadside, and hauling costs) also add to the total fruit cost delivered to either a processing plant or fresh fruit
packinghouse. Also, average annual debt payment (principal and interest) may be as high as $460 per acre
($3,900 average debt per acre @ 10 percent interest amortized over 20 years) which would reduce total
available cash for grove expansion or other investment.
Estimated "delivered-in" costs are shown for fresh packed white grapefruit in Table 4. "Delivered-
in" costs include grove care costs (Table 3) plus harvesting, regulatory, and grower assessment costs. The
"delivered-in" cost is presented as a cost per acre, per box, per carton, and per pound solids. Three possible
budget cost scenarios are presented: 1) Typical/Historical Cultural Program; 2) Reduced Cost Cultural
Program; and 3) Low Cost Processed Cultural Program. The first scenario represents typical costs of grove
practices which have been performed for citrus grown for the fresh fruit market. Scenario 2 represents a
program using reduced inputs but with production directed at the fresh market. And 3 represents costs of
a cultural program directed toward reducing the expenditures for fruit grown primarily for the processed
market. Modified herbicide and/or spray and fertilizer programs account for the reduced costs. NOTE:
Before modifying a grove management program to reduce costs, an evaluation of the market program
(processed or fresh), yield, and specific cultural problems (nutrition, disease, etc.) for the specific grove site
should be made. Also, in Table 5, the total estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh packed white grapefruit is
shown. The F.O.B. costs are presented for "fresh fruit packout percentage rates" ranging from 50 percent
to 100 percent.

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS

Annual budgets of costs and returns for mature, fresh, white seedless grapefruit in the Indian River
area have been developed and published the past four years. Estimated cost and return histories for 1993-94
through 1996-97 along with 1997-98, and a five-year average are presented in Table 6. The affects of over
planting following recent freezes on Florida's annual grapefruit supply has resulted in a fluctuating on-tree
price per box. Despite general reduction in operating costs, annual net return to land and trees has
decreased over the five-year period. To allow comparisons in current values, these same costs and returns,
adjusted to 1998 dollars, are presented in Table 7.









Table 3.-Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing for the fresh market, Indian River area, 1997-98'

Item Description Amount Your cost
Dollars

I. Revenue 457 boxes @ $1.96b 895.72

II. Expenses'
Weed control
Mow middles 3 times per year 24.51
Chemical mow (Table 2-A, Option #9) 2 times per year 19.16
General grove work/sprouting (2 labor hours per acre) 22.22
Herbicide (Table 2-A, Options #1, #6 & #7) 143.34 209.23
Spray program (Table I-A, Options #1, #3, #7, #12 & #13) 309.62
Fertilizer (Table 3-A, Option #2) 104.41
Dolomite (Table 7-A, Option #1) 11.47
Pruning (maintenance)
Topping ($316.67/hr. + 10 A/hr.)+ 2yrs. 15.83
Remove brush fiom trees ($22.03/A +2 ys.) 11.02
Hedging (S235.00/hr. + 10 A/hr.)+ 1.5 yrs. 15.67
Removing/chop brush ($10.00/A + 1.5 yrs.) 6.67
Raise skirts of trees ($14.13/A + 2 yrs.) 7.07 56.26
Tree replacement and care (1 through 3 years)
Remove trees (Table 12-A) 3 trees per acre 13.59
Prepare sites, repair mound, and plant resets Including 3 trees per acre 31.47
Supplemental fertilizer, sprout, etc. (Trees 1-3 years) Including application 26.46 71.52
Microsprinkler irrigation (Table 7-A, Option #4) 130.38
Drainage ditch annual cost (Table 7-A, Option #5) 33.28 --
Total grove care expenses 926.17
III. Management $4.00 per acre per month' 48.00
IV. Total specified costs' 974.17
V. Return (oss) to land, trees, and ownership (78.45
VI. Break-even price for total grove care expenses
Boxes per acre Boxes per acre
325 375 425 475 525 325 375 425 475 525
$ On-tree price per box $ Delivered-in price per pound solids for eliminations
2.85 2.47 2.18 1.95 1.76 1.35 1.27 1.20 1.15 1.11

'Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are representative for a mature Indian River white seedless grapefruit grove the grove care costs for a specific ove site may differ depending upon the grove practices
perfonned; e.g. a Temik application would add $124.87 per acre; extensive tree loss due to blight or tisteza may double the tree replacement and care costs; travel and set-up costs may vay due to size of citrus grove and distance from pove
equipment barn; etc.; truck wateringof resets could add another $7 95 per acre (average 5 watering). Also. material cost for brown citrus aphid control could add $10 07 per spray application.
'On-tree price per box is preliminary, assumes average of all methods of sale (fresh and processed). Price assumes 70% of fruit harvested packed fresh.
'Assumes material custom applied; therefore, a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added to material cost.
'Other methods to estimate a management cost-e.g., 5% of gross sales or 10% of total grove car costs-are used in the industry. Other methods will give a different return to land and trees than reported here.
'Other cost items which are not included in the budget are advalorem taxes and interest on grove investment. In addition to these cost items, overhead and administrative costs, such as water drainage/district taxes, crop
insurance, and other grower assessments, can add up to 12 percent to the total grove care costs These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, and time of purchase or grove establishment
'Assumes 4.5 pounds solids per box, $2.23 pick and haul cost per box (includes spot picking and fruit drenching plus D O C. $030 advertising tax). $0 55 per box handling through packinghouse, and $045 per box delivery to processing
plant.







Table 4.--Estimated total delivered-in cost for Indian River White grapefruit grown for the fresh/processed market under three cultural cost programs,
1997-98

Represents a mature (10+ years old) Fresh Packed White Grapefruit Fresh Packed White Grapefruit Processed White Grapefruit
Indian River White Grapefruit Grove Typical/Historical Reduced Cost Low Cost
Cultural Program Cultural Program Cultural Program

$/Acre $/Box S/Carton $/Acre S/Box $/Carton S/Acre $/Box S/P.S.

Total Production/Cultural Costs $926.17 $2.027 $1.0133 $914.07 $2.000 $1.0001 $664.47 $1.454 $0.3231

Interest on Operating (Cultural) Costs 46.31 0.101 0.0507 45.70 0.100 0.0500 33.22 0.073 0.0162

Management Costs 48.00 0.105 0.0525 48.00 0.105 0.0525 48.00 0.105 0.0233

Taxes/Regulatory Costs:
Property Tax/Water Management Tax 44.80 0.098 0.0490 44.80 0.098 0.0490 44.80 0.098 0.0218
Water Drainage District Tax 60.00 0.131 0.0656 60.00 0.131 0.0656 60.00 0.131 0.0292
Fly Protocol Cost 25.00 0.055 0.0274 25.00 0.055 0.0274 -

Total Taxes/Regulatory Costs 129.80 0.284 0.1420 129.80 0.284 0.1420 104.80 0.229 0.0510

Total Direct Grower Costs $1,150.28 $2.517 $1.2585 $1,137.57 $2.489 $1.2446 $850.49 $1.861 $0.4136

Interest on Average Capital Investment Costs 389.85 0.853 0.4265 389.85 0.853 0.4265 389.85 0.853 $0.1896

Total Grower Costs $1,540.13 $3.370 $1.6850 $1,527.42 $3.342 $1.6711 $1,240.34 $2.714 $0.6031

Harvesting and Assessment Costs:
Pick/Spot Pick, Roadside and Haul 822.60 1.800 0.9000 822.60 1.800 0.9000 810.90 1.700 0.3778
Fruit Drenching (Fresh) 59.41 0.130 0.0650 59.41 0.130 0.0650 -
DOC Assessment 137.10 0.300 0.1500 137.10 0.300 0.1500 143.10 0.300 0.0667

Total Harvesting and Assessment Costs 1,019.11 2.230 1.1150 1,019.11 2.230 1.1150 954.00 2.000 0.4444

Total Delivered-In Cost $2,559.24 $5.600 $2.8000 $2,546.53 $5.572 $2.7861 $2.194.34 $4.714 $1.0476

Two cartons per box Refer to cultural program shown in Refer to cultural program shown on Refer to cultural program shown
P.S. = Pound Solids Table 3. Table 13-A. on Table 13-A.
Yield: 457 boxes/acre @ 4.5 P.S. per box
85 trees per acre Assumes 100% packout Assumes 100% packout Only summer oil spray with oil,
______ copper, and Agri-Mek.












Table 5.-Estimated F.O.B. cost for fresh market Indian River White grapefruit, 1997-98

Percent Packout 50.00% Percent Packout 60.00% Percent Packout 70.00%
Box Yield Per Acre 457 Box Yield Per Acre 457 Box Yield Per Acre 457
Per Per Per
Packed Packed Packed
Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton


Total Production/
Cultural Costs

Interest on Operating
(Cultural) Costs

Management

Taxes/Regulatory

Interest on Average
Capital Investment

Harvesting (Pick/Spot
Pick, Haul, DOC Tax,
Etc.)

Total Delivered-In Cost

Packing & Selling (Export)

Net Fresh Eliminations
Costs'

Total F.O.B. Costs


$926.17 $4.053 $2.0266


46.31

48.00

129.80


0.203

0.210

0.568


0.1013

0.1050

0.2840


389.85 1.706 0.8531


1.019.11

$2,559.24

1,713.75


43.42

$4 316.40


4.460

$11.200

7.500


0.190

$18.890


2.2300

$5.6001

3.7500


0.0950

$9.4451


$926.17 53.378 $1.6889


46.31

48.00

129.80


0.169 0.0844

0.175 0.0875

0.473 0.2367


389.85 1.422 0.7109


1,019.11

$2,559.24

2,056.50


34.73

$4.650.47


3.717 1.8583

$9.333 $4.6667

7.500 3.7500


0.127 0.0633

$16.960 $8.4801


$926.17 $2.895 $1.4476


46.31

48.00

129.80


0.145

0.150

0.406


0.0724

0.0750

0.2029


389.85 1.219 0.6093


1019.11

$2,559.24

2,399.25


26.05

$4984.54


3.186

$8.000

7.500


0.081

$15.582


1.5929

$4.0001

3.7500


0.0407

$7.7908


Percent Packout 80.00% Percent Packout 90.00% Percent Packout 100.00%
Box Yield Per Acre 457 Box Yield Per Acre 457 Box Yield Per Acre 457
Per Per Per
Packed Packed Packed
Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton Per Acre Box Per Carton

Total Production/
Cultural Costs $ 926.17 $2.533 $1.2666 S 926.17 S2.252 $1.1259 $ 926.17 $2.027 $1.0133

Interest on Operating
(Cultural) Costs 46.31 0.127 0.0633 46.31 0.113 0.0563 46.31 0.101 0.0507

Management 48.00 0.131 0.0656 48.00 0.117 0.0584 48.00 0.105 0.0525

Taxes/Regulatory 129.80 0.355 0.1775 129.80 0.316 0.1578 129.80 0.284 0.1420

Interest on Average
Capital Investment 389.85 1.066 0.5332 389.85 0.948 0.4739 389.85 0.853 0.4265

Harvesting (Pick/Spot
Pick, Haul, DOC Tax,
Etc.) 1019.11 2.788 1.3938 1,019.11 2.478 1.2389 1019.11 2.230 1.1150

Total Delivered-In Cost $2,559.24 $7.000 S3.5001 $2,559.24 $6.222 $3.1112 $2,559.24 $5.600 $2.8000

Packing & Selling (Export) 2,742.00 7.500 3.7500 3,084.75 7.500 3.7500 3,427.50 7.500 3.7500

Net Fresh Eliminations
Costs' 17.37 0.047 0.0237 8.68 0.021 0.0106 0.00 0.000 0.0000

Total F.O.B. Costs $5318.60 $14.548 $7.2738 S5.652.67 $13.743 $6.8717 S5.986.74 $13.100 $6.5500

'"Net Eliminations Cost" equals the average yield of 4.50 pound solids per box times SO.18 per pound solids less packinghouse elimination charge and
cannery hauling charge of $1.00 per box.


I












Table 6.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove
producing citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1993-94--1997-98


On-tree Gross Total grove Total specified Net return to land,
Year price/box' Yield revenue care expenses costs trees, and ownership
------------------------------------------ Dollars -------------------------------------
1993-94 $3.85 446 1,717.10 972.91 1,020.91 696.19

1994-95 $2.93 446 1,306.78 990.30 1,038.30 268.48

1995-96 $2.90 446 1,293.40 1,003.85 1,051.85 241.55

1996-97 $1.38 457c 630.66 935.12 983.12 (352.46)

1997-98 $1.96b 457c 895.72 926.17 974.17 (78.45)

5-yr. avg. $2.60 450 1,170.00 965.67 1,013.67 156.33

'On-tree prices for all sales methods as reported by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.
bPreliminary estimate by authors at time of printing and is not a published price.
"Higher per acre yield is due to increased average tree density of white grapefruit groves in the Indian River production region.
dA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not included.


1111111111M












Table 7.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns (adjusted to 1998 dollars) for a mature, white
seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1993-94--1997-98

Adjusted
Inflation on-tree Gross Total specified Net return to land,
Year factor index" price/box Yield revenue costs trees, and ownership
---------------------------- Dollars -------------------------

1993-94 106.6 $4.10 446 1,828.60 1,088.29 740.31

1994-95 103.0 $3.02 446 1,346.92 1,069.45 277.47

1995-96 100.5 $2.91 446 1,297.86 1,057.11 240.75

1996-97 100.6 $1.39 457 635.23 989.02 (353.79)

1997-98 100.0 $1.96 457 895.72 974.17 (78.45)

5-yr. avg. -- $2.68 450 1,206.00 1,035.61 170.39

'Producer price index for each year adjusted to 1998 prices (1998 = 100), with 1998 consumer price index estimated to be 128.3. Producer
price index for other years are: 1994 = 120.4; 1995 = 124.7; 1996 = 127.7; and 1997 = 127.6.

bA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not included.
(Refer to Table 6.)






11

REFERENCES


1. Knapp, J. L. (Ed.). 1998 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc. SP
43. Gainesville: Jan. 1998. 76 pp.

2. Muraro, Ronald P. "A Listing of Estimated Comparative Indian River Citrus Production Costs Per
Acre for 1997-98." Lake Alfred Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC) Report. Lake
Alfred, FL: June 1998.

3. "Cost for Establishing, Planting, and Maintaining a Citrus Grove through Four Years of
Age, South Florida Flatwoods Area." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: Nov. 1989.

4. "Estimated Cost of Planting and Maintaining a Reset Citrus Tree through Three Years of
Age." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: Nov. 1996.

5. "A Listing of 1998 Custom Rates Reported by Twenty-three Indian River and South Florida
Citrus Caretakers." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: June 1998.

6. Savage, Zach. Citrus Yields Per Tree Age. Univ. of Fla. Agr. Ext. Ser. 60-8. Gainesville: 1960.

7. Tucker, D. P. H., A. K. Alva, L. K. Jackson, and T. A. Wheaton (Eds.). Nutrition of Florida Citrus
Trees. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc. SP 169. Gainesville: 1995. 61 pp.






12

ADDENDA: Listing of Grove Care Options for Indian River Citrus Production for Both Round
Oranges and Grapefruit"
Page
Table 1-A. Spray options .................................................. 13
Post bloom spray ................................................. 13
Summer spray ................................................... 14
Fall spray ................................................... 15

Table 2-A. Herbicide options ................................................ 16

Table 3-A. Dry fertilizer options .............................................. 18

Table 4-A. Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application) ............................ 19

Table 5-A. Nematicides options ............................................... 20

Table 6-A. Soil amendment options ............... ........................... 20

Table 7-A. Irrigation--annual cost per acre .................. .................. 21
Drip ....................... ............. ................ 21
Microsprinkler ..................................... ......... 21
Drainage ditch annual costs ......................................... 21

Table 8-A. A listing of 1998 custom rates reported by twenty-three Indian River and South
Florida citrus caretakers ................ .. ....................... 22

Table 9-A. 1998 summary of average chemical price estimates ....................... 24

Table 10-A. 1998 summary of average fertilizer price estimates ....................... 26

Table 11-A. Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four
years of age, South Florida flatwoods area .................. ........... 28

Table 12-A. Estimated cost of planting and maintaining a reset citrus tree through three
years of age, 1996 ............................................... 29

Table 13-A. A listing of estimated comparative Indian River citrus production costs per
acre, 1997-98 ..................................................... 30

Table 14-A. Historic prices for selected citrus varieties ............................. 31

Table 15-A. Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity ......... 32


Abbreviations for important chemicals are:
Cu = Copper Mg = Magnesium N = Nitrogen
Fe = Iron Mn = Manganese Zn = Zinc

"The costs in the ADDENDA represent a custom managed operation. Therefore, all equipment costs
are based upon the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added
to the material cost.









Table 1-A.-Spray options
POST BLOOM SPRAY


Spray Option #1


Spray Option #2


Spray Option #3


Spray Option #4


Materials/Ingredients

Cu (50% metallic)
Zn
Mn
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Cu (50% metallic)
Zn, Mn, Nitrates
Carzol 92 SP

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Ethion
Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Dicofol 4EC
Cu (50% metallic)
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application


Amount
/Acre

15 lbs
5 lbs
10 lbs
250 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$21.60
4.00
3.60
26.07


$55.27


Amount
/Acre
15 lbs
I pt
1 lb

125 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$21.60
1.41
35.09

22.10


$80.20


Amount
/Acre

5pts
10 lbs
3 gals
500 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$22.50
14.40
6.57
33.32


$76.79


Amount
/Acre
6pts
15 lbs

250 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$33.60
21.60


26.07


$81.27


__


--------------------- ------ ----- -- ----- -


- --------_ __


----------_ _ ~ __ __ _I_









Table l-A.-Spray options (cont'd.)
POST BLOOM SPRAY (cont'd.)


Spray Option #5


SUMMER SPRAY
Spray Option #6


Spray Option #7


Spray Option #8


Spray Option #9
(Scale insects)


Materials/Ingredients
Vendex WP
Aerial Application
Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Oil 97+%
Cu (50% metallic)
Ethion 4EC
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%
Agri-Mek
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Cu (50% metallic)
Oil 97+%
Agri-Mek
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Lorsban 4EC
Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application


Amount
/Acre
2 lbs
15 GPA


Amount
/Acre
5 gals
7 lbs
6pts
500 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$33.14
6.70
$39.84


Cost/Acre
$10.95
10.88
27.00
33.52


$82.35


Amount
/Acre
7 lbs
5 gals
10 ozs
500 gals


Amount
/Acre
7 lbs
10 gals
5 ozs
500 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$10.08
10.95
46.10
33.52

$100.65


Cost/Acre
$10.08
21.90
23.05
33.52


$88.55


Amount
/Acre
5 pts
500 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$30.60
33.52


$64.12


- --------_ _ ____ _l


- -- --- -- -- --- --- --- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- --- --- -- --









Table 1-A.-Spray options (cont'd.)

FALL SPRAY


Spray Option #10


Spray Option #11


Materials/Ingredients
Vendex 50WP
Thiolux 80 DF (sulfur)

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)
Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Dicofol 4EC

Aerial Application

Total per Application


Spray Option #12


Materials/Ingredients

Vendex WP

Ground Application
(engine driven airblast)

Total per Application


Amount
/Acre
2 lbs
15 lbs

250 gals


Amount
/Acre

6pts

15 GPA


Amount
/Acre

2 lbs

250 gals


Spray Option #13


Materials/Ingredients

Thiolux 80 DF (sulfur)
Aerial Application
Total per Application


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$33.14
10.80

26.07


$70.01


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$33.60

6.70

$40.30


Cost/Acre

$33.34

26.07


$59.41


Amount
/Acre

15 Ibs
15 GPA


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$10.80
6.70
$17.50


_I____ _


- ----------- ---- --------- --_


- ---------__----- --- ---------


I------------------------------_----_I










Table 2-A.-Herbicide options


Herbicide Option #1
(Strip/band)


Herbicide Option #2

(Strip/band)


Materials
Solicam 80DF
Karmex WP
Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Materials

Surflan A80 DF
Simazine 4L
Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre
3 lbs
4 lbs
2qts


Amount/
Treated Acre

2qts
4qts
2 qts


Herbicide Option #3
(Strip/band)


Herbicide Option #4

(Strip/band)


Materials
Karmex WP
Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Materials

Solicam 80DF
Simazine 4L
Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre
4 lbs
2qts


Amount/
Treated Acre
4 lbs
4qts
2qts


"With respect to herbicide materials, Amount Per Grove Acre does not equal Amount Per Treated Acre
shown on the label as only a strip or band is being treated. In this report, it is assumed that only 50% or
one-half of a grove acre is being treated.


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"
$22.55
9.06
13.56
11.43


$56.60


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre'
$16.08
7.52
13.56
11.43


$48.59


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre'
$ 9.06
13.56
11.43


$34.05


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$30.06
7.52
13.56
11.43


$62.57


____~


- -- --- -- --- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- --


------ ------ ---- ------ -- --- ----- -- -- ---- ----- -----










Table 2-A.-Herbicide options (cont'd.)


Herbicide Option #5

(Strip/band)


Herbicide Option #6

(Strip/band)


Materials

Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Materials

Krovar I
Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre

4qts


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$13.56
11.43


$24.99


Amount/
Treated Acre

5 lbs
2qts


Cost/
Grove Acre'

$29.38
13.56
11.43


$54.37


Herbicide Option #7

(Strip/band)


Materials

Roundup Ultra
Princep (Caliber 90)
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre

2qts
4 lbs


Herbicide Option #8

(Strip/band)


Herbicide Option #9

(Chemical mow)


Materials
Direx 4L
Solicam
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Materials

Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre
3qts
3 lbs
2pts


Cost/
Grove Acre"
$8.16
22.55
2.04
11.43


$44.18


Amount/
Treated Acre

1 pt


Cost/
Grove Acre'

$ 3.39
6.19


$ 9.58


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre'

$13.56
7.38
11.43


$32.37


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


I __


- ----- ----_ ~ ___ __ _


- --- --- ----- ---- ----- - - ----- ----- ----- ----


____________ I I~_~_~










Table 2-A.-Herbicide options (cont'd.)


Herbicide Option #10

(Chemical mow)


Herbicide Option # 11

(Spot treatment for
grass/brush regrowth
under trees)


Materials

Roundup Ultra
Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application


Materials

Roundup Ultra

Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application


Amount/ Cost/
Treated Acre Grove Acre"

1.5 pts $5.09
6.19


$11.28


Amount/ Cost/
Treated Acre Grove Acre"
2qts $13.56

5.06


$18.62


Table 3-A.-Dry fertilizer options
Analysis/Material
Option #1 Applied

(100 lbs N/Acre) 12-2-12-2.4 MgO
Application

Total for 3 Applications


Option #2
(125 lbs N/Acre)


Option #3
(162 lbs N/Acre)


Analysis/Material
Applied

12-2-12-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied

12-2-12-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Amount
/Acre

835 lbs

3 times


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$ 66.80
21.21

$88.01


Amount
/Acre

1040 lbs

3 times


Amount
/Acre

1350 lbs
3 times


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$ 83.20
21.21

$104.41


Cost/Acre
$108.00
21.21

$129.21


----------------- - -------- --- ------- ----_I_


- --------- -- __ _______ _


_ _____________I_________L______C_____I___


--- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- - -- --- -- -









Table 3-A.-Dry fertilizer options (cont'd.)
Analysis/Material
Option #4 Applied
(180 lbs N/Acre) 15-2-15-2.4 MgO
Application
Total for 3 Applications


Option #5
(204 Ibs N/Acre)


Option #6

(225 lbs N/Acre)


Analysis/Material
Applied
17-4-17-2.4 MgO
Application
Total for 2 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied

15-2-15-2.4 MgO
Application
Total for 3 Applications


Table 4-A.--Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application)
Analysis/Material
Option #1 Applied
(180 Ibs N/Acre) 10-0-10
Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications


Amount
/Acre

1200 lbs
3 times


Amount
/Acre
1500 lbs
3 times


Amount
/Acre
1800 lbs
3 times


Option #2

(180 lbs N/Acre)


Option #3
(180 lbs N/Acre)


Analysis/Material
Applied

10-2-10
Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications


Amount
/Acre
1800 lbs
3 times


Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre

10-0-10 1800 lbs
Solicam 80DF 3 lbs*
Karmex WP 4 lbs*
Double Boom Application 3 times
Total for 3 Applications

*Treated acre (one herbicide application)


Amount
/Acre

1200 lbs
3 times


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$108.00
21.21
$129.21


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$118.80
21.21
$140.01


Cost/Acre

$135.00
21.21
$156.21


Cost/Acre

$118.80
34.29
$153.09


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$126.00
34.29
$160.29


Cost/Acre
$118.80
22.55
9.06
34.29
$184.70


____


- -----------____ __ ___ ______ __ _


- ---- ----- - ----- ---------


______ ___I___________________________ ___









Table 5-A.-Nematicides options
Analysis/Material
Option #1 Applied
Temik 15G

Application

Total per Application


Analysis/Material
Applied

Nemacur 15G

Application

Total per Application


Table 6-A.--Soil amendment options


Option #1
(Every 3 years)


Option #2
(Every year)


Analysis/Material
Applied
Dolomite (Delivered)

Application

Total for 1 Application

(Average 1/3 Ton Applied/Yr)


Analysis/Material
Applied

Dolomite (Delivered)

Application

Total per Application


Option #2


Amount
/Acre

33 lbs
I time


Amount
/Acre

50 lbs

1 time


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$111.54

13.33

$124.87


Cost/Acre

$208.50
13.33

$221.83


Amount
/Acre

1 ton

1 time


Amount
/Acre

1000 lbs
I time


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre
$27.16
7.25

$34.41

$11.47


Cost/Acre
$13.58

7.25

$20.83


- -------------- ---- -- ---- ------- -----_ _


------------ --___ _1_ __ 1_ __









Table 7-A.-Irrigation-annual cost per acre


DRIP


Operating


Maintenance of System
Total Cash Expenses

Fixed Depreciation Expense

Total Cash and Fixed Expenses


MICROSPRINKLER



Operating


Maintenance of System
Total Cash Expenses

Fixed Depreciation Expense

Total Cash and Fixed Expenses


Option #1

(Electric)
$34.77
34.20

$ 68.97

42.35

$111.32


Option #3
(Electric)
$ 39.52
38.11

$ 75.63

52.94

$130.57


DRAINAGE DITCH ANNUAL COSTS


Ditches/Canals Maintenance ($37.93/acre + 3 years)
Weed Control in Ditches/Canals
Water Control: In/Out of Ditches and Canals
Total


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Option #2
(Diesel)
$31.26
35.43
$ 66.69

45.25

$111.94


Option #4
(Diesel)
$ 33.26

40.56

$ 73.82

56.56

$130.38


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Option #5

$12.64
11.45
9.19
$33.28


_______ __ ____ I__________- ---------- _I_


__I_____ __ ____ ___- --------- _I











Table 8-A.-A listing of 1998 custom rates reported by twenty-three Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' Comments


Hand Labor
Mechanic Labor
Tractor/Equipment Operator (Driver)
Rotovate
Disc 7-8'
Disc 10'
Mow: Off-set or Side Mower
5-8'
9-10'
15-16'
V-Mower
Sickle Mower
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Single Boom)
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Single Boom)
Herbicide" (Strip/Band-Double Boom)
Herbicide' (Chemical Mow)
Temik/Nemacur
Plow
Backboe
Vine Puller
Middle Buster
Mound Builder
Grader Blade
Bush Hog
Water Truck with Driver
Pickup Truck with Driver
Flatbed/Transport Truck with Driver
Tractor with Driver
ATV with Driver


Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Acre
Acre
Acre
Acre
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour


$8.50- $13.75
25.00- 40.00
12.50- 18.00
27.50- 40.00
25.00- 35.00
26.00- 35.00

27.00- 32.00
25.00- 35.00
32.00- 41.00
30.00- 38.00
31.00- 33.00
25.00- 35.25
9.50- 15.00
9.50- 12.50
4.50- 8.25
12.00- 15.00
25.00- 35.00
39.00- 50.00

26.00- 35.00
27.00- 35.00
25.00- 32.00
30.00- 40.00
25.00- 35.00
20.00- 35.00
35.00- 55.00
25.00- 35.00
16.00- 25.00


$11.11 Plus transportation and equipment
31.77 Labor and service truck
14.86
32.60
29.94 Average $10.00/acre
30.38
35.00 Average $8.50/acre
29.38 Average $9.25/acre
29.95 Average $9.50/acre
32.82 Average $8.17/acre
34.00 Average $8.25/acre
32.25
29.96 Plus materials
12.19 Plus materials
11.43 Plus materials
6.19 Plus materials
13.33 Plus materials
30.13
43.42
25.83
30.81 With tractor and driver
31.15 With tractor and driver
28.32 Tractor/blade and driver
34.60 Average $10.00/acre
30.54
24.80 Average miles traveled per year: Pick-up truck 23,850 miles
41.67 Avg. $1.25/mile; $100 per move Transport truck 20,000 miles
28.97
18.49 J.D. Gator @ $10.00/hour equipment only


Hand Sprayer Hour $ $ $42.50 Includes tractor, handgun sprayer and 2 workers
Curtec @ 3 MPH: $28/acre; Curtec @ 3.5 MPH: $26/acre; Curtec Sprayer: $18.75/acre @ 25 GPA; Spectrum Electrostatic Sprayer: $20.00/acre 25 GPA
AIR BLAST SPRAYER
Engine Driven PTO Powered


Acre 32.00- 35.00
Acre 24.00- 30.00
Acre 20.00- 25.00
Acre -

ENGINE/PTO DRI

Tank 32.00- 43.00
Tank 45.00- 64.00
Tank 60.00- 74.00
Tank 72.00- 82.00


33.52 28.00- 34.00 32.25 PTO with "tree see" $36/acre
26.07 21.50- 27.00 24.15 PTO with "tree see" $26/acre
22.10 18.00- 22.00 19.57 PTO with "tree see" $21/acre
17.50- 19.00 18.22

SPRAYERS

37.65 500 gallon tank
55.75 500 gallon tank
67.19 500 gallon tank
77.80 500 gallon tank


Fixed Wing: $4.35/acre @ 5 gallons per acre Bell Helicopter: $5.00/acre @ 5 GPA
Fixed Wing: $5.63/acre @ 10 gallons per acre Bell Helicopter: $10.00/acre 0 10 GPA
Fixed Wing: $6.70/acre @ 15 gallons per acre Huie Helicopter: $17.00/acre @ 15 GPA
Fixed Wing: $8.73/acre @ 20 gallons per acre Huie Helicopter: $20.00/acre @ 20 GPA


Ground Application
Aerial Application


$ $-


$ 7.25
8.00


Inject Liquid Fertilizer
Liquid Boom Application:
Single Boom
Double Boom
Dry (Bulk)
Lime or Dolomite
Fertilize Young Trees:' Hand Spread
Fert. Spreader


Hour $ $ $38.50 One reporting $50/setting

Acre 7.00
Acre 11.00- 12.50 11.69
Acre 6.00- 9.50 7.07 Average $18.25/ton; average $33.17/hour
Acre 5.50- 8.25 7.25 Average $8.25/ton
Hour 8.50- 13.75 11.11 Plus transportation; one reporting 1OC/tree
Hour 25.00- 36.00 29.56 And materials; average $6.85/acre
One reporting travel to/from grove site at one hour per day of pickup truck rate.


(OVER)


500 GPA
250 GPA
125 GPA
100 GPA


Aerial
Aerial
Aerial
Aerial












Table 8-A.-A listing of 1998 custom rates reported by twenty-three Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers (cont'd.)

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' Comments

IRRIGATION:


Water Furrow Mower
Water Furrow Disc
Water Furrow Cleaner
Water Furrow Shaper (Laser Control)
Rotary Ditcher or Auger
Microsprinkler/Drip Irrigation Maintenance
Microsprinkler

REMOVING TREES:

Front End Loader
Tree Shearing (Cutting Tree at Ground Level)
D3-C Wide Track

PRUNING:

General Pruning (RehablFreeze Damage)
Saw with Operator
Hedging:
Single Side (Tractor Pulled)
Single Side (Tractor Mounted)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Self-Propelled Double Boom Hedger
Self-Propelled Double Boom Hedger & Topper
Topping:
Tractor Pulled
Tractor Pulled
Tractor Mounted
Double Sided Topper
Double Boom (Self Propelled)
Limb Lifter/Tree Skirt Trimmer
Limb Lifter/Tree Skirt Trimmer
Removing Brush:
Haul Brush out of Grove
Mow/Chop Brush

OTHER CUSTOM RATES:

Install Tree Wraps
Plant Trees (Solid Set)
Plant Trees (Resets)
Travel/Setup Charge
Grove Management Charge/Month:
Supervising Grove Care Operations
Handling Fruit Marketing
Supervising/Handling Chemicals/Fertilizer

Consulting

Total Reported Acreage Provided Grove
Service to:


Hour $42.50- $45.00 $43.44
Hour 25.00- 36.00 30.13
Hour 27.50- 35.00 31.50
Hour 65.00- 70.00 66.67
Hour 28.00- 35.00 30.50
Acre/Month 1.50- 4.25 2.92 Check & repair system; parts extra
$20/setting; $34/hour (truck and driver) Start/stop and supervision



Hour $40.00- $50.00 $46.59 Avg. range 5-20 trees per hour; bulldozer avg. $56.00/hr
Hour 48.00- 52.00 49.92 Avg. range 5-12 trees per hour; one reporting $3/tree
Hour 55.00



Tree $ $ $3.50
Hour 16.00- 20.25 18.45

Hour 115.00 6 to 10 acres/hour
Hour 55.00- 70.00 60.83 4 to 8 acreshour
Hour 205.00- 250.00 235.00 8 to 20 acres/hour depending on wood size; $12/acre
Hour 335.00 12 to 30 acres/hour--bd top only; 8 to 20 acres-bed top
Hour 250.00 Light cut \and furrow; depending on wood size

Hour 100.00 2-5 ac/hr depending on wood size; $30/acre "Gable Cut'
Hour 300.00 350.00 316.67 d4o 10 acres/hour roof top; 10 to 20 acres flattop cut from
Hour 175.00 \bd tops
Hour 250.00 Avg. 8-15 acres depending on wood size type of cut; S22/acre
Hour 550.00 4 to 10 acres/hour roof top; 15 to 30 acres flatlorLcut from
Acre 12.00- 17.00 14.38 3 to 5 acres/r \e tops
Hour 40.00- 60.00 53.33


Hour 45.00- 55.00 46.47 Front-end loader
Hour 29.75- 35.00 33.21 Average $10.00/acre



$0.07 $0.25 depending on type of wrap and number of trees
Tree $ 0.70- $ 1.50 $ 1.02 Varies as to density
Tree 1.25- 2.75 2.05 Varies as to the number of resets
Hour 26.40


Acre 3.00- 6.00 4.15 In addition to caretaking charges
$0.15-$0.20/box; $0.05/pound solids One reporting $5/acre/month for supervising and marketing
7% to 15% of materials cost; averaged 12%

$100 per hour for Horticultural Evaluation and/or Financial Analysis/prospectus.


405- 8,000 2,259 Total acres reporting: 36,145


Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, Lake Alfred CREC, June 1998.


'Plus materials. Caretakers reporting rates include labor, tractor and sprayer; supply truck included by most caretakers.

'Calculated by dividing the total number of caretakers reporting a grove practice rate into the sum reported. Unless otherwise stated, labor included with all charges.









Table 9-A.--1998 summary of average chemical price estimates
Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (1997-98)


Aliette 80WP
Benlate
Basic Copper Sulfate (53%)
Copper (50%) (Kocide 101)
Copper (40%) (Kocide 606)
Carbamate 76WP
Copper (Champ)
Nu-Cop 50DF
Oil 435 or 455
Ridomil 5G
Ridomil (Gold)


Insecticides/Nematicides:


Admire
Agri-Mek (0.15EC)
Bacillus thurinienses
Carzol 92 SP
Comite 6.55 EC
Cygon 4 EC
Dicofol 4 EC
Ethion
Guthion 2L
Guthion 50WP
Kelthane MF
Logic Bait
Lorsban 4EC
Lorsban 15G
Malathion 5 E
Metasystox-R
Micromite 25WP
Microthiol 80DF
Nemacur 15G
Nexter 75WP
Sevin 80S
Sevin XLR
Sulphur 6F
Sulphur Dust
Temik 15G
Thiolux 80 DF
Vendex 50W


lb.
lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.
lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.


gal.
gal.
gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.
lb.
gal.
lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.
gal.
ton
lb.
lb.
lb.


9.52
15.91
1.31
1.91
12.54
3.80
1.76
1.84
1.99
4.59
614.36


528.70
603.68
9.25
31.90
77.68
8.85
40.70
32.70
30.83
8.09
36.79
7.16
44.45
1.90
24.08
61.82
31.26
0.67
3.79
7.38
4.26
24.97
3.65
305.00
3.07
0.65
15.06








Table 9-A.--1998 summary of average chemical price estimates (cont'd.)


Item

Herbicides:


Unit


DeVine
Devrinol 50WP
Direx 4L
Direx 80 DF
Eptam 7-E
Fusilade DX
Goal
Gramoxone (Paraquat)
Hyvar X
Karmex
Krovar I
Princep (Caliber 90)
Princep 4L
Prowl
Rodeo (30 gal drum)
Roundup (30 gal drum)
Roundup Ultra
Simazine 90 DF
Simazine 4L
Solicam 80 DF
Surflan AS
Torpedo 1E
Touchdown
Treflan


pt.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
lb.
lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.
lb.
gal.
lb.
gal.
gal.
gal.
gal.


Growth Regulators:
Pro-Gibb 3.91%
Tre-Hold


20 oz.
gal.


Other Spray Materials:
Borates (15%)
Manganese (32%)
Zinc (78%)
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Nutritional Spray Mix:
Goemar BM 86
Goemar MZ 63
Sequestrene 138 FE
Peter's 20-20-20 Foliar (25 lb bag)
Dyna Gold MZF


lb.
lb.
lb.
gal.

gal.
gal.
lb.
lb.
gal.


Your Price
(1997-98)


39.02
74.29


0.74
0.33
0.73
14.82

28.50
30.50
10.45
0.44
7.38


SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, June 1998.


Average
Price

73.25
7.83
19.76
3.98
31.34
126.77
86.72
36.38
16.35
4.12
10.68
3.35
14.65
27.63
102.33
43.94
49.30
2.85
13.67
13.66
58.45
52.38
71.07
32.90








Table 10-A.--1998 summary of average fertilizer price estimates

Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (1997-98)


FERTILIZER (FOB Price @ Plant)
Slow Release (Young Tree)*
Osmocote: 18-4-12
Meister: 17-6-12
Sulfur Coated/Polymer Coated Urea (42% N)
Dry Mix (Bulk)
17-0-17-3,
17-4-17-2.4m
16-0-16
16-0-16-4,
16-2-16-3,
15-2-12-2.4
12-2-12-2.4,
8-8-8 w/minors**
8-4-8 w/minors**
8-2-8 w/minors**
6-6-6 w/minors**
Liquid Mix (Bulk)
8-2-8
8-4-8
9-3-9
9-4-9
10-0-10
10-2-10
12-0-6
12-3-6


1,372.67
1,562.00
357.00


182.14
179.92
159.26
174.43
174.89
163.39
145.11
138.28
132.54
127.75
125.70


120.28
121.88
125.38
129.60
120.15
128.54
132.37
138.80


*Slow Release Elements are indicated in parenthesis.
**With organic nitrogen, the price averaged 25% higher.








Table 10-A.--1998 summary of average fertilizer price estimates (cont'd.)


Average Your Price
Item Unit Price (1997-98)

Other Fertilizer Materials (Bulk)
Ammonium Nitrate (21% N Liquid) ton 136.12
Ammonium Nitrate (33.5% N Dry) ton 190.88
Ammonium Sulfate (21% N) ton 111.71
Calcium Nitrate (19% Ca, 15.5% N) ton 183.70
Dolomite (at mine--49% CaCO3, 36% MgCO3) ton 12.65
High Cal Lime ton 6.50
Muriate of Potash (60% K20) ton 154.00
Potassium Nitrate (14% N; 46% K20) ton 363.91
Sul-Po-Mag (SPM--21.9% K20) ton 172.00
Super Phosphate (20% P205) ton 143.27
Triple Superphosphate (48% P205) ton 202.69
Average Delivery Cost ton 12.04


SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, June 1998.








Table ll-A.-Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four years of age, South Florida flatwoods area
Cost Per Acre
Range Average
$ $
Land Cost:' Improved Pasture Land 1,700-2,500 2,050
Raw Land and Semi-improved Pasture 1,150-1,800 1,450
Land Preparation: Pasture and Light Palmettos 125- 275 195
(Clearing) Raw Land (heavy pines, palmettos) 350- 600 465
Leveling: With Laser 200- 350 275
Without Laser 100- 250 160
Bedding: 2-rows (short rows 1,350+ feet) 100- 195 130
Soil Amendments: Dolomite 1 ton 35
Super Phosphate, 400 lbs. 30
Canals, Ditches and Dikes 150- 260 195
Reservoirs and Roads 130- 180 155
Throw-out Pumps for Water Movement 45- 60 55
Culverts 65- 135 85
Middle Drop Drainage Pipes 45- 95 105
Drainage Tile 140- 160 150
Cover Crop 9- 16 12
Irrigation System: Microsprinkler with Well' 850-1,500 1,000
-- without Well 525-1,200 700
Drip with Well' 775-1,050 875
without Well 400- 825 560
Water Permits, Environmental Studies, and Engineering: Cost 40- 90 70
Time in Months 5- 12 8
Percent Land Utilization: Planted to Citrus 55%- 85% 71%
Ditches and Canals 5%- 10% 8%
Water Retention 10%- 30% 15%
Roads and Service Areas 3%- 15% 6%
.------------------- -^^^ ^! ------------------------- -----!.------------------6----
South Florida
Year
1 2 3 4

Solidset Planted Trees' -------------- Cost Per Tree ----------------

Microsprinkler Irrigation and Ditch Maintenance $0.40 $0.50 $0.65 $0.85
Fertilize Tree 0.25 0.40 0.55 0.56
Supplemental Fertilization thru Irrigation 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.29
Spray 0.30 0.40 0.47 0.50
Insulated Tree Wrap (annual maintenance) 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.00
Sprouting (labor) 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00
Cultivation/Mowing 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Herbicide 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54
Ridomil/Aliette 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.00
Miscellaneous 0.43 0.49 0.42 0.48
Total Cost Per Year $3.31 $3.77 $3.62 $3.66

Reset Trees (annual additional grove care costs) $2.13 $2.47 $1.84

Cost of Planting Trees' Solidset = $5.00 Reset = $6.30

'Land cost will vary from one county to another as well as from one parcel to another.

'Irrigation costs include distribution system, power unit and well (where indicated.) The higher cost ranges reported also included a cost for fertigation
equipment.

The per tree costs shown are applicable for tree densities of 145 to 165 trees per acre. The per tree costs should be decreased for higher density plantings and
increased for lower density plantings; e.g., at 200 trees per acre decrease costs by 15%; at 115 trees per acre increase costs by 15%.

'Tree cost (bare root) = $3.25; stake, plant, and water tree = $1.25 (solidset) and $2.55 (resets); and uninsulated tree wrap = $0.50.


Sougre: Ronald P. Muraro, Farm Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL, November 1989.








Table 12-A.--Estimated cost of planting and maintaining a reset citrus tree through three years of age,
1996

Number of Resets/Replacement Trees Per Acre
1-2 3-5 6-10 11-25 26+
---------------- Cost Per Tree ---------------

Year #1: $ $ $ $ $
Tree Removal 5.21 4.53 3.62 2.93 2.34
Tree Cost (Container Tree) 4.00 4.00 3.75 3.75 3.75
Site Preparation' 5.12 4.44 3.76 3.48 2.73
Plant Tree and First Watering 2.37 .205 13 i1 126
Total Planting Cost 11.49 10.49 9.24 8.84 7.74
Supplemental Fertilization 4 Times
(Application & Materials) 1.26 1.10 1.01 0.92 0.84
Supplemental Spraying (Application & Materials) 0.45 0.39 0.36 0.33 0.30
Spot Herbicide (Application & Materials) 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.13
Tree Wrap (Corrugated) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Sprouting/Pruning 0.38 0.38 0.35 0.35 0.32
Miscellaneous 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13
Supervision & Overhead 026 024 .23 022 020
Total Tree Care Cost Year #1 3.72 3.44 3.25 3.10 2.92
Total Cost Year #1 20.42 18.46 16.11 14.87 13.00
Year #2:
Supplemental Fertilization 3 Times
(Application & Materials) 1.70 1.51 1.32 1.12 1.02
Supplemental Spraying (Application & Materials) 0.52 0.46 0.40 0.34 0.31
Spot Herbicide (Application & Materials) 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.13
Sprouting/Pruning 0.45 0.45 0.38 0.38 0.34
Miscellaneous 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.09
Supervision & Overhead 23 0.20 08 0.16 0.14
Total Cost Year #2 3.24 2.93 2.55 2.24 2.03
Year #3:
Supplemental Fertilization 3 Times
(Application & Materials) 2.31 2.06 1.77 1.51 1.28
Miscellaneous 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.06
Supervision & Overhead .LJ 0.6 .14 12 010
Total Cost Year #3 2.61 2.32 2.00 1.71 1.44
Total Three-Year Cumulative Costs 26.27 2371 20.66 18.82 16.47

'Site preparation for bedded citrus grove; cost of root removal, rotovating/leveling tree planting site.
Fumigate planting site would cost approximately $2.50 per tree.
SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Farm Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL, November 1996.







Table 13-A.-A listing of estimated comparative Indian River citrus production costs per acre for 1997-98'
Low Cost Reduced Cost Typical/Historical
Costs represent a mature (10+ years old) Processed Fresh/Processed Fresh Fruit
Indian River Grapefruit Grove. Cultural Program Cultural Program Cultural Program


PRODUCTION/CULTURAL COSTS:
Weed Management/Control:
Mechanical Mow Middles (3 times per year)
Chemical Mow Middles (2 times per year)
General Grove Work (2 labor hours per acre)
Herbicide (1/2 tree acre treated):
Application (3 applications)
Material
Total Herbicide Cost
Spray:


$34.29
84.82





33.52
55.03


$ 24.51
19.16
22.22



119.11


88.55


21.21


88.01

11.47


15.83

11.02
15.67


Post Bloom: Application (250 GPA)
Material
Total Post Bloom Cost
Summer Oil: Application (500 GPA)
Material
Total Summer Oil Cost
Supplemental Fall Miticide:
Aerial Application
Material (Wettable Sulfur)
Total Supplemental Fall Miticide Cost
Fertilizer (Bulk): 3 Applications
Material (12-2-12-2.4 MgO @ 100 lbs N
per acre and 125 Ibs N per acre)
Total Fertilizer Cost
Dolomite (one ton applied every 3 years)
Material/Application
Pruning: Topping ($31.67/A + 2 yrs)
Remove Brush from Trees after Topping
($22.03/A 2 yrs)
Hedging ($23.50/A 1.5 yrs)
Chop/Mow Brush after Hedging
($10.00/A 1.5 yrs)
Raise Skirts of Trees ($14.13/A + 2 yrs)
Total Pruning Cost
Tree Replacement 1 thru 3 years of age: (3 trees/acre)
Remove Trees: Pull, Stack & Burn 3 Trees with
Front-end Loader
Prepare Site and Plant Tree (includes 3 reset trees)
Supplemental Fertilizer, Tree Wraps Maintenance,
Sprout, etc. (Trees 1-3 years)
Total Tree Replacement Cost
Irrigation: Microsprinkler System
Clean Ditches (Weed Control)
Ditch and Canal Maintenance
Water Control (Pump water in/out of Ditches
and Canals)
Total Irrigation Cost
IRRIGATED PROCESSED FRUIT PRODUCTION COSTS
Supplemental Post Bloom Spray:
Application (500 GPA)
Material
Total Supplemental Post Bloom Spray
Fall Miticide Spray: Application (250 GPA)
Material
Total Fall Miticide Spray
IRRIGATED FRESH FRUIT PRODUCTION COSTS


13.59
31.47


71.52


130.38
11.45
12.64


L9.1


163.66
$OAA


$34.29
109.05


26.07
29.20

33.52
55.03


6.70

11.80
21.21


$24.51
19.16
22.22



143.34



55.27


88.55



17.50


104.41

11.47


15.83

11.02
15.67

6.67
7.07



13.59
31.47

26.46

130.38
11.45
12.64

9-.1



33.32
43.4

26.07
33.34


56.26


71.52


163.66




76.79


59.41
$914.07


$24.51
19.16
22.22


$34.29
109.05


26.07
29.20

33.52
67.13


6.70
10.80

21.21

83.20


143.34



55.27


100.65


17.50


104.41

11.47


15.83

11.02
15.67


6.67
7.07


56.26


13.59
31.47


71.52


130.38
11.45
12.64

9.19



33.32
43.47

26.07
33.34


163.66





76.79


59.41
$926.17


The listed estimated comparative costs are for the example grove situation described in the Economic Information Report Series entitled: 'Budgeting Costs
and Returns for Indian River Citrus Production" and may not represent your particular grove situation in Indian River.
SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, University of Florida-IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL.


r I I


56.26








Table 14-A.-Historic prices' for selected citrus varieties
Variety
Early and Seedless grapefruit'
mid'-season Late season Temple All
Crop year oranges oranges oranges Tangerines Tangelos (white) (colored)


1961-62
1962-63
1963-64
1964-65
1965-66
1966-67
1967-68
1968-69
1969-70
1970-71
1971-72
1972-73
1973-74
1974-75
1975-76
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91

1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97'


$1.93
2.17
4.43
2.57
1.44
0.81
1.86
1.56
1.15
1.10
1.98
1.43
1.38
1.46
1.69
1.89
3.90
4.44
3.59
3.67
4.27
4.88
5.09
7.30
3.92
4.56
6.72
6.63
6.01
5.38
5.44
3.23
3.76
3.25
3.91
3.61


$1.81
3.50
4.45
2.28
1.79
1.08
2.28
1.83
1.13
1.91
2.11
1.71
1.59
1.82
1.88
2.63
4.40
4.95
3.89
4.63
4.29
5.41
6.72
6.88
3.97
6.02
8.73
8.41
6.53
6.58

6.65
3.88
4.61
4.41
5.81
4.26


$2.17
3.09
4.45
2.77
1.80
0.88
2.79
2.22
1.47
1.91
1.95
1.95
1.64
1.68
1.79
2.16
3.92
4.89
2.89
4.21
4.01
3.99
5.34
5.59
3.01
3.60
5.69
5.46
5.64
6.31
6.51
2.99
2.73
3.47
4.42
3.06


$2.04
3.02
3.18
2.68
2.14
1.06
4.29
2.55
2.23
1.88
2.97
2.37
2.82
3.05
3.02
3.29
4.79
4.99
4.25
5.45
6.23
7.57
5.93
15.91
12.69
10.92
12.99
12.64
15.28
17.10

18.00
13.75
9.83
11.98
12.72
7.92


$3.36
4.66
4.83
4.00
2.85
1.64
3.22
2.47
1.13
1.04
1.69
1.39
1.25
1.45
1.42
1.42
3.29
3.90
2.87
3.92
3.58
4.37
4.28
7.08
4.06
3.72
5.58
6.31
5.10
6.11

7.16
3.31
2.38
2.64
4.01
2.54


$0.68
1.29
2.24
1.51
1.39
0.73
2.05
0.98
1.72
1.89
2.27
2.06
1.58
1.55
1.29
1.49
1.47
2.21
3.12
3.46
1.92
1.51
2.08
3.02
3.56
4.45
5.35
4.33
5.21
4.59

6.46
2.22
3.23
2.58
2.39
0.99


$0.86
1.81
2.54
1.82
1.64
0.94
2.48
1.15
1.92
2.15
2.69
2.53
2.12
2.59
2.23
2.04
2.09
3.13
3.80
4.22
2.80
3.20
4.05
4.84
4.98
5.80
5.93
4.71
6.30
6.85

6.87
3.11
3.38
1.66
1.95
1.43


"On-tree average price per box (1-3/5 bushel box equivalent) for all methods of sale minus pick and haul
charges.


bNavel and Hamlin

Parson Brown and Pineapple


"Valencia


'Preliminary


'Marsh (white) or pink


Source: Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.












Table 15-A.-Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity


Loan Interest rate paid on the loan
term
(years) 8.0% 8.5% 9.0% 9.5% 10.0% 10.5% 11.0% 11.5% 12.0% 12.5% 13.0% 13.5% 14.0% 14.5% 15.0%

1 926 922 917 913 909 905 901 897 893 889 885 881 877 873 870
2 1,783 1,771 1,759 1,747 1,754 1,724 1,713 1,701 1,690 1,679 1,668 1,657 1,647 1,636 1,626
3 2,577 2,554 2,531 2,509 2,487 2,465 2,444 2,423 2,402 2,381 2,361 2,341 2,322 2,302 2,283
4 3,312 3,276 3,240 3,204 3,170 3,136 3,102 3,070 3,037 3,006 2,974 2,944 2,914 2,884 2,855
5 3,993 3,941 3,890 3,840 3,791 3,743 3,696 3,650 3,605 3,561 3,517 3,475 3,433 3,392 3,352
6 4,623 4,554 4,486 4,420 4,355 4,292 4,230 4,170 4,111 4,054 3,998 3,942 3,889 3,836 3,784
7 5,206 5,119 5,033 4,950 4,868 4,789 4,712 4,640 4,564 4,492 4,423 4,355 4,288 4,224 4,160
8 5,747 5,639 5,535 5,433 5,335 5,239 5,146 5,056 4,968 4,882 4,799 4,718 4,639 4,562 4,487
9 6,247 6,119 5,995 5,875 5,759 5,646 5,537 5,431 5,328 5,228 5,132 5,038 4,946 4,858 4,772
10 6,710 6,561 6,418 6,279 6,145 6,015 5,889 5,768 5,650 5,536 5,426 5,319 5,216 5,116 5,019
11 7,139 6,969 6,805 6,647 6,495 6,348 6,207 6,070 5,938 5,810 5,687 5,568 5,453 5,341 5,234
12 7,536 7,345 7,161 6,984 6,814 6,650 6,492 6,341 6,194 6,054 5,918 5,787 5,660 5,538 5,421
13 7,904 7,691 7,487 7,291 7,103 6,923 6,750 6,583 6,424 6,270 6,122 5,979 5,842 5,710 5,583
14 8,244 8,010 7,786 7,572 7,367 7,170 6,982 6,801 6,628 6,462 6,302 6,149 6,002 5,861 5,724
15 8,559 8,304 8,061 7,828 7,606 7,394 7,191 6.997 6,811 6,633 6,462 6,299 6,142 5,992 5,847
16 8,851 8,576 8,313 8,062 7,824 7,596 7,379 7,172 6,974 6,785 6,604 6,431 6,265 6,106 5,954
17 9,122 8,825 8,543 8,276 8,022 7,779 7,549 7,329 7,119 6,920 6,729 6,547 6,373 6,207 6,048
18 9,372 9,056 8,756 8,471 8,201 7,945 7,702 7,470 7,250 7,040 6,840 6,649 6,467 6,294 6,128
19 9,603 9,268 8,950 8,650 8,365 8,095 7,839 7,596 7,366 7,146 6,938 6,739 6,551 6,370 6,198
20 9,818 9,463 9,129 8,812 8,514 8,231 7,963 7721Q 7,469 7,241 7,025 6,819 6,623 6,437 6,259
25 10,675 10,234 9,823 9,438 9,077 8,739 8,422 8,123 7,843 7,579 7,330 7,095 6,873 6,663 6,464
30 11,258 10,747 10,274 9,835 9,427 9,047 8,868 8,364 8,055 7,766 7,496 7,242 7,003 6,778 6,566
35 11,655 11,088 10,567 10,087 9,644 9,234 8,855 8,503 8,175 7,870 7,586 7,320 7,070 6,836 6,617
40 11,925 11,315 10,757 10,247 9,779 9,348 8,951 8,587 8,244 7,928 7,634 7,361 7,105 6,866 6,642


"Example. Assumes a $10,000 after tax income at 11.5% interest rate and a 15-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $69,970
($6,997 x 10). At 11.5% interest rate and a 20-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $77,100 ($7,710 x 10).