Front Cover
        Front cover
    Abstract
        Page i
    Acknowledgements
        Page i
    Table of Contents
        Page ii
    List of Tables
        Page iii
    Main
        Page 1
        Page 2
        Page 3
        Page 4
        Page 5
        Page 6
        Page 7
        Page 8
    Reference
        Page 9
    Addenda
        Page 10
        Page 11
        Page 12
        Page 13
        Page 14
        Page 15
        Page 16
        Page 17
        Page 18
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        Page 28

/00-

^X. 93-3
Ronald P. Muraro
John W. Hebb


Economic Information
Report El 93-3


Budgeting Costs and Returns

for Indian River Citrus

Production, 1992-93


Food and Resource Economics Department
Agricultural Experiment Stations
Cooperative Extension Service
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
10 0 sity of Florida, Gainesville 32611
F637fe
31-
EI
93-3 ., i''"ERSITY C FL'.-A ; "


MAR 15 1994


MARSTON SCIENCE
LIBRARY


July 1993


_ ~
















ABSTRACT


Estimated costs and returns of growing seedless grapefruit in the Indian River area of
Florida are presented for the nineteenth consecutive year. The format presented may be used by
individual growers to budget costs and returns, utilizing individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Indian River, budgeting, costs and returns, seedless grapefruit.

NOTE: Indian River production area refers to the citrus producing counties on Florida's east
coast such as Brevard, Indian River, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie counties.

The budget cost items have been revised to reflect current grove practices being used
by growers--e.g., chemical mowing, different spray materials, higher rates of
fertilization, microsprinkler irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Therefore, the revised
costs shown may be higher than reported in previous years.

Also, to reflect increasing yields of maturing grapefruit groves in the Indian River
production region, the estimated yields for the example grove situation (Table 2) was
increased 8.3% over previous years.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom-managed operation for the
production of fresh market grapefruit. Therefore, all equipment costs are based on
the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge added
to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are
representative for a mature Indian River white seedless grove, the grove care costs for
a specific grove site may differ depending upon the grove practices performed. For
example, a Temik application would add $138.32 per acre; extensive tree loss due to
blight or tristeza could substantially increase the tree replacement and care costs;
travel and set-up costs may vary due to size of citrus grove and distance from grove
equipment barn and could add as much as $23.61 per acre; etc.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production managers of the Indian
River citrus production area who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.
















ABSTRACT


Estimated costs and returns of growing seedless grapefruit in the Indian River area of
Florida are presented for the nineteenth consecutive year. The format presented may be used by
individual growers to budget costs and returns, utilizing individual data on specific groves.

Key words: citrus, Indian River, budgeting, costs and returns, seedless grapefruit.

NOTE: Indian River production area refers to the citrus producing counties on Florida's east
coast such as Brevard, Indian River, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie counties.

The budget cost items have been revised to reflect current grove practices being used
by growers--e.g., chemical mowing, different spray materials, higher rates of
fertilization, microsprinkler irrigation, more reset trees, etc. Therefore, the revised
costs shown may be higher than reported in previous years.

Also, to reflect increasing yields of maturing grapefruit groves in the Indian River
production region, the estimated yields for the example grove situation (Table 2) was
increased 8.3% over previous years.

The budget costs in this report represent a custom-managed operation for the
production of fresh market grapefruit. Therefore, all equipment costs are based on
the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge added
to the material cost.

Although the estimated annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are
representative for a mature Indian River white seedless grove, the grove care costs for
a specific grove site may differ depending upon the grove practices performed. For
example, a Temik application would add $138.32 per acre; extensive tree loss due to
blight or tristeza could substantially increase the tree replacement and care costs;
travel and set-up costs may vary due to size of citrus grove and distance from grove
equipment barn and could add as much as $23.61 per acre; etc.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


Appreciation is extended to Mrs. Jane Wilson for typing the final draft of this manuscript.

Appreciation is also extended to the citrus growers and production managers of the Indian
River citrus production area who provided suggestions for the revision of this manuscript.
















TABLE OF CONTENTS


Pare

ABSTRACT ............................................................ i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................. i

LIST OF TABLES ....................................................... iii

INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 1

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION ......................................... 1

COSTS AND INPUTS ..................................................... 1

THE GROVE SITUATION ................................................ 2

BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS .......................................... 4

HISTORICAL COST TRENDS ............................................. 6

REFERENCES ........................................................... 9

ADDENDA ............................................................. 10


NOTE: The ADDENDA includes a Listing of Grove Care Programs for
Indian River Citrus Production for Both Round Oranges and
Grapefruit; 1993 custom rate summary report; cost of establishing a
citrus grove; etc. Page 10 is a list of the tables included in the
ADDENDA.
















LIST OF TABLES


Table Page

1 Schedule of production practices and budget items for an Indian River
Florida grapefruit grove, 1992-93 .................................... 3

2 Calculation of normal production per acre, 1992-93 ...................... 4

3 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, white seedless
grapefruit grove producing for the fresh market, Indian River area, 1992-93 .... 5

4 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and
returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh
fruit market in the Indian River area, 1988-89--1992-93 ................... 7

5 Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns
(adjusted to 1993 dollars) for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing
citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1988-89-1992-93 ....... 8









BUDGETING COSTS AND RETURNS FOR INDIAN RIVER
CITRUS PRODUCTION, 1992-93


Ronald P. Muraro and John W. Hebb


INTRODUCTION


Budget analysis provides the basis for many grower decisions. Budget analysis can be used
to calculate potential profits from an operation, to determine cash requirements for an operation,
and to determine break-even prices. This report presents a budget constructed from current data
and serves as a format for growers to analyze costs and returns from their individual records.


METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION


The data presented here were developed by surveying custom operators, input suppliers,
growers, and colleagues at both the Agricultural Research and Education Center in Ft. Pierce and
the Citrus Research and Education Center in Lake Alfred. The survey is conducted annually in
February and March.


COSTS AND INPUTS


Costs for various production inputs are those collected from citrus growers as well as the
average of the data obtained from annual custom rate, chemical, and fertilizer surveys. Growers'
costs are shown in the ADDENDA, Table 1-A through 8-A. The custom rate costs are shown in
Table 9-A and the various chemical and fertilizer costs are shown in Table 10-A and 11-A in the
ADDENDA. The budget costs represent a custom-managed operation. Therefore, all equipment
costs are based upon the average custom-rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision
charge is added to the material cost.
Although brand names are used in many of the tables in the ADDENDA, this does not
imply endorsement by the University of Florida. It is merely an attempt to depict typical
production practices.


RONALD P. MURARO is Associate Professor of Food and Resource Economics and
Extension Farm Management Economist stationed at the Citrus Research and Education Center,
Lake Alfred. JOHN W. HEBB is Extension Agent, Citrus in St. Lucie County, Ft. Pierce.










All tables have a column reserved for the individual growers to insert data from a particular
grove. This will allow a comparison of the grower's costs with those presented.



THE GROVE SITUATION


Production practices for an Indian River grapefruit grove are shown in Table 1 with times
during the year when they would likely be performed. There are two benefits to developing such
a table for an individual grove. First, it shows what work is needed and when, so that operations
can be planned well in advance. Second, it can be helpful if an annual cash flow analysis is
developed to plan financing. The individual grower may benefit from developing a plan for a
particular grove.
Specific production practices vary from grove to grove making it difficult to define a "typical"
grove. Many combinations of practices and various tree variety combinations produce acceptable
yields and returns. Although the example represents a white seedless grapefruit grove, the cost
and return data are designed to be applicable to most grove situations. A grower, realtor, or land
appraiser can substitute individual grove costs and expected returns into the budget format and
develop a budget for a particular grove. A "your cost" column is appropriately provided for this
purpose in subsequent tables.
In the following budget, above noted average management and cultural practices are
assumed. Beyond this general assumption, the following specifics are assumed.



1. A mature, microsprinkler-irrigated grove;
2. Variety is white seedless on sour orange rootstock;
3. Tree loss is 3.5 percent annually;
4. Trees are pulled and replaced when production falls below
50 percent of expected yield;
5. Production is for fresh market;
6. Tree density is 80 trees per acre; and
7. Custom-caretaker is providing grove management.



As a result of tree losses and replacement, the tree ages will vary. The budget reflects the
following age distribution and yield for Indian River white seedless grapefruit:









Table l.--Schedule of production practices and budget items for an Indian River Florida grapefruit grove, 1992-93'

Month

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec


Total revenue:


20%
deposit


Less: Pick & haul cost

DOC advertisement tax


Final
payment

X


X


Grove expenses:

Disc


Chop Chemical Chemical

Mow X X Mow Mow X

Labor, general grove work, pull vines X X

Herbicide (1/2 grove acre equivalent) X X X

Spray. Post bloom/nutritional X X

Summer oil/greasy spot X

Fall miticide X

Supplemental miticide X

Dust

Fertilizer 54# N/A 54# N/A 54# N/A Dolomite

Hedging and topping Hedge

Brush removal/chop brush Chop brush

Tree removal X

Young tree care X X X X X

Microjet irrigation (times/week) 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1

Miscellaneous (clean ditches) X

Grove taxes including water management X

Interest expense X


Annual principal payment on mortgage

This is a suggested schedule of practices. Actual practices would not necessarily be done on the exact schedule shown here.










Situation Boxes/tree
3.5% pulled and reset 0.0
3.5% 1 year old 0.0
35% 2 years old 0.0
3.5% 3 years old 1.0
3.5% 4 years old 1.7
38.5% 5-15 years old 5.0
3.5% producing 50% of expected yield 35
40.5% over 15 years 7.5


Calculation of normal production per acre is shown in Table 2. Note that the proportion-of-
trees-by-age column only adds to 89.5 percent since 105 percent of the trees are non-bearing.




Table 2.--Calculation of normal production per acre, 1992-93

Boxes Total
Age of Tree Trees /tree boxes

Total no. Proportion No. ea.
all ages ea. age" age ------ No. ----
3 years 80 x 0.035 = 2.8 x 1.0 = 2.80
4 years 80 x 0.035 = 2.8 x 1.7 = 4.76
5-15 years 80 x 0.385 = 30.8 x 5.0 = 154.00
Prod. 50% of
exp. yield 80 x 0.035 = 2.8 x 3.5 = 9.80
Over 15 years 80 x 0.405 = 32.4 x 7.5 = 243.00
Total boxes = 414.36

"Proportion adds up to 0.895 (895 percent) as 10.5 percent of the trees were non-bearing
(pulled and reset, 1 and 2 year old trees; see page 4).


BUDGET COSTS AND RETURNS


The estimated budget costs and returns for the Indian River grove situation are shown in Table
3. The budgeted costs represent one possible citrus production program and were selected from the
costs shown in the ADDENDA tables. The gross revenue estimates are based on the projected yields
in Table 3 and estimated preliminary on-tree prices for the 1992-93 season. Historical on-tree prices
for selected Florida citrus varieties are shown in Table 13-A of the ADDENDA.









Table 3.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove producing for the fresh market, Indian River area, 1992-93'

Item Description Amount Your cost

-------------- Dollars ..----------------

I. Revenue 414 boxes @ $4.00b 1,656.00

II. Expenses'

Weed control
Mow middles 3 times per year 24.99
Chemical mow (Table 2-A, Program #7) 2 times per year 24.26
General grove work/sprouting (2 labor hours per acre) 19.12
Herbicide (Table 2-A, Program #1 & #6) 153.01 221.38
Spray program (Table 1-A, Programs #1, #3, #7, #14 & #15) 293.01
Fertilizer (Table 3-A, Program #1) 124.77
Dolomite (Table 7-A, Program #1) 10.49
Pruning (maintenance)
Topping ($300.00/hr. + 8.0 A/hr.) + 3 yrs. 12.50
Remove brush from trees ($15.92/A + 3 yrs.) 5.31
Hedging ($225.00/hr. 8.0 A/hr.) + 2 yrs. 14.06
Removing/chop brush ($15.33/A + 2 yrs.) 7.67 39.54
Tree replacement and care (1 through 3 years)
Remove trees 3 trees per acre 15.19
Prepare sites, repair mound, and plant resets Including 3 trees per acre 34.58
Supplemental fertilizer, sprout, Ridomil/Aliette, etc. (Trees 1-3 years) Including application 26.07 75.84
Microsprinkler irrigation (Table 8-A, Program #3) 124.16
Drainage ditch annual cost (Table 8-A, Program #5) 27.80
Total grove care expenses 916.99

IlI. Management $4.00 per acre per monthd 48.00

IV. Total specified costs' 964.9

V. Return to land, trees, and ownership 691.01

VI. Break-even price for total grove care expenses

Boxes per acre Boxes per acre

325 375 425 475 525 325 375 425 475 525

$ On-tree price per box $ Delivered-in price per pound solids for eliminations'

2.82 2.45 2.16 1.93 1.75 1.17 1.08 1.02 0.97 0.93

*Although the estate annual per acre grove costs shown in Table 3 are representative for a mature India River white sedless grapefruit grove, the grove care costs for specific grove site may differ depending upon
the grove practices performed; e.g, a Tem application would add $138.32 per acre; water control and maintenance of ditches and canals could average $71.47 per acre; extensive tree loss due to blight or tristeza would
double the tree replacement and care costs; travel and set-up costs may vay due to size of citrus grove and distance from grove equipment barn etc. Also, truck watering of resets could add another $7.62 per acre (average
5 waterings).
'On-tree price per box Is prelkatnary; assumes average of all methods of sale (fresh and processed). Price assumes 75% of fruit harvested packed fresh.
'Assumes material custom applied; therefore, a 10 percent handling and supervision charge is added to material cost.
Other methods to estimate a management cost-e.g., 5% of gross sales or 10% of total grove care costs-are used in the Industry. Other selected methods will give a different return to land and trees than reported here.
*Other cost items which are not included in the budget are ad valorem taxes sad interest on grove investment In addition to these cost items, overhead and administrative costs, such as water drainage/district taxes, crop
insurance, and other grower assessments, can add up to 12 percent to the total grove care costs. These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age location, and tie of purchase or grove establishment.
'Assumes 45 pounds solids per box, $1.60 pick and haul cost per box, $0.45 per box handling through packinghouse, and $0.40 per box delivery to processing plant.










As shown in Table 3, the total revenue for fresh-market white seedless grapefruit is estimated
to be $1,656.00 per acre. Total specified costs are $964.99 and are comprised of grove care costs of
$916.99, plus management cost of $48.00. Return to land, trees, and ownership is $691.01 and
represents net return above fixed costs. The break-even price required to cover grove care costs for
seedless white grapefruit range from $2.82 to $1.75 per box on-tree and $1.17 to $0.93 per pounds
solids delivered-in for eliminations at 325 and 525 boxes per acre, respectively.
Ad valorem taxes, and overhead and administrative costs (such as water drainage district taxes,
crop insurance, and other grower assessments) can add up to 12 percent of the total grove care costs.
These costs vary from grove to grove depending on age, location, and time of purchase or
establishment. However, as a guideline, ad valorem taxes in the Indian River citrus area average $40
to $50 per acre. These costs should be considered in arriving at a net return to land, trees, and
ownership (total return minus total costs). Also, average annual debt payment (principal and
interest) may be as high as $530 per acre ($4,500 average debt per acre @ 10 percent interest
amortized over 20 years) which would reduce total available cash for grove expansion or other
investment.


HISTORICAL COST TRENDS


Annual budgets of costs and returns for mature, fresh, white seedless grapefruit in the Indian
River area have been developed and published the past four years. Estimated cost and return
histories for 1988-89 through 1991-92 along with 1992-93, and a five-year average are presented in
Table 4. The affects of recent freezes on Florida's annual grapefruit supply has resulted in a
fluctuating on-tree price per box. However, even with increasing operating costs, annual net return
to land and trees has increased over the five-year period. To allow comparisons in current values,
these same costs and returns, adjusted to 1993 dollars, are presented in Table 5.











Table 4.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns for a mature, white seedless grapefruit grove
producing citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1988-89--1992-93


On-tree Gross Total grove Total specified Net return to land,
Year price/box" Yield revenue care expenses costs trees, and ownership
-----------------------------------------Dollars ---------------------------

1988-89 $4.95 415 2,054.25 816.05 864.05 1,189.60


1989-90 5.65 373c 2,107.45 873.38 921.38 1,186.07

1990-91 4.92 415 2,041.80 882.66 930.66 1,111.14

1991-92 7.65 415 3,174.75 905.31 953.31 2,221.44

1992-93 4.00b 415 1,656.00 916.99 964.99 691.01

5-yr. avg. 5.43 406 2,204.58 878.88 926.88 1,277.70


*On-tree prices for all sales methods as reported by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.
bPreliminary estimate by authors at time of printing and is not a published price.

"Normal expected yield was reduced 10% due to December 1989 freeze.
dA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not
included.












Table 5.--Estimated annual per acre costs and returns and 5-year average costs and returns (adjusted to 1993 dollars) for a mature,
white seedless grapefruit grove producing citrus for fresh fruit market in the Indian River area, 1988-89--1992-93


;


Inflation On-tree Gross Total specified Net return to land,
Year factor index" price/box Yield revenue costs trees, and ownership
--------.------------- Dollars ---------------------

1988-89 105.4 $5.22 414 2,166.30 910.71 1,255.59


1989-90 101.7 5.75 373 2,144.75 932.04 1,207.71


1990-91 101.5 4.99 414 2,065.86 944.62 1,121.24


1991-92 100.9 7.72 414 3,196.08 961.89 2,234.19


1992-93 100.0 4.00 414 1,656.00 964.99 691.01


5-yr. avg. -- 5.54 406 2,249.24 943.96 1,305.28


"Producer price index for each year adjusted to 1993 prices (1993 = 100), with 1993 consumer price index estimated to be 118.3.
Producer price index for other years are: 1989 = 112.2; 1990 = 116.3; 1991 = 116.5 and 1992 = 117.2.
bA management cost of $4.00 per acre per month is included. Fixed costs such as taxes, debt service, and crop insurance are not
included. (Refer to Table 4.)


e









REFERENCES


1. Florida Citrus Spray Guide 1993. Univ. of Fla. Coop. Ext. Svc. SP 43. Gainesville: Jan. 1993.

2. Koo, R. C. J., editor. Recommended Fertilizers and Nutritional Sprays for Citrus. Univ. of
Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 536D. Gainesville: March 1984.

3. Muraro, Ronald P. "A Listing of Estimated Comparative Indian River Citrus Production Costs
Per Acre for 1992-1993." Lake Alfred Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC) Report.
Lake Alfred, FL: May 1993.

4. "Cost for Establishing, Planting, and Maintaining a Citrus Grove through Four Years
of Age, South Florida Flatwoods Area." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: Nov.
1989.

5. "A Listing of 1993 Custom Rates Reported by Twenty Indian River and South Florida
Citrus Caretakers." Lake Alfred CREC Report. Lake Alfred, FL: May 1993.

6. Savage, Zach. Citrus Yields Per Tree Age. Univ. of Fla. Agr. Ext. Ser. 60-8. Gainesville:
1960.






10



ADDENDA: Listing of Grove Care Programs for Indian River Citrus Production for Both
Round Oranges and Grapefruit'

Page

Table 1-A. Spray programs .............................................. 11

Post bloom spray ...................................... ...... 11
Summer spray ................................................. 12
Fall spray ....................................... ......... 13

Table 2-A. Herbicide ..................................................... 14

Table 3-A. Dry fertilizer .................................................. 16

Table 4-A. Liquid fertilizer (Double boom application) ........................... 17

Table 5-A. Fertigation ................................................. 18

Table 6-A. Nematicides ................................................... 18

Table 7-A. Soil amendment ............................................ 19

Table 8-A. Irrigation--annual cost per acre ....................................... 19

Drip ....................................... .............. 19
Microsprinkler ................................................ 19
Drainage ditch annual costs ....................................... 19

Table 9-A. A listing of 1993 custom rates reported by twenty Indian River and South Florida
citrus caretakers ............................................... 20

Table 10-A. 1993 summary of average chemical price estimates ...................... 22

Table 11-A. 1993 summary of average fertilizer price estimates ...................... 24

Table 12-A. Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four
years of age, South Florida flatwoods area ............................ 26

Table 13-A. Historic prices for selected citrus varieties ............................ 27

Table 14-A. Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity ........ 28


Cu = Copper Mn = Manganese
Fe = Iron Zn = Zinc
Mg = Magnesium


'The costs in the ADDENDA represent a custom managed operation. Therefore, all equipment
costs are based upon the average custom rate costs and a 10 percent handling and supervision charge
is added to the material cost.










Table 1-A.--Spray programs


POST BLOOM SPRAY


Spray Program #1


Spray Program #2


Spray Program #3


Spray Program #4


Materials/Ingredients

Ethion 4EC
Cu
Zn
Mn
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Cu
Zn, Mn, Nitrates
Kelthane MF

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Morestan 25WP
Cu
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Dicofol 4EC
Zn, Mn, Fe Nitrates
Cu
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application

Total per Application


Amount
/Acre

6pts
15 lbs
5 lbs
10 lbs
1 pt

250 gals


Cost/Acre

$25.74
21.78
4.18
3.63
2.11

25.17

$82.61


Amount
/Acre

15 lbs
1 pt
2.5 pts

125 gals


Amount
/Acre

2.5 lbs
10 lbs
1 pt
250 gals


Amount
/Acre

5 pts
1 pt
15 lbs
1 pt

250 gals


Your
Cost/Acre












Your
Cost/Acre










Your
Cost/Acre










Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$21.78
1.18
15.68

19.44

$58.08


Cost/Acre

$33.06
14.52
2.11

25.17

$74.86


Cost/Acre

$30.80
1.18
21.78
2.11

25.17

$81.04


-- -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---


-- -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- -- --- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -


---- --- --- --- -- --- --- -- - -- -- - --- --- -- -- - -- -- -











Table 1-A.--Spray programs (cont'd.)

POST BLOOM SPRAY (cont'd.)


Spray Program #5


Spray Program #6


SUMMER SPRAY


Spray Program #7


Spray Program #8


Spray Program #9

(Scale insects)


Materials/Ingredients

Vendex WP

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Vendex 4L

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Oil 97+%
Cu
Ethion 4EC

Ground Application
Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Oil 97+%
Agri-Mek

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Lorsban 4EC
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application

Total per Application


Amount
/Acre

1.25 lbs

250 gals


Amount
/Acre

2pts

250 gals


Amount
/Acre

5 gals
7 lbs
6pts
500 gals


Amount
/Acre

5 gals
10 ozs

500 gals


Amount
/Acre

7pts
1 pt
500 gals


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$26.61
25.17

$51.78


Cost/Acre

$42.53

25.17

$67.70


Cost/Acre

$12.05
10.16
25.74
37.75

$85.70


Cost/Acre

$12.05
47.74
37.75

$97.54


Cost/Acre

$41.97
2.11
37.75

$81.83


- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


__1__1__1______1_____-------------------


-- -- - ---- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -









Table 1-A.--Spray programs (cont'd.)

FALL SPRAY


Spray Program #10


Spray Program #11


Spray Program #12


Spray Program #13


Materials/Ingredients
Kelthane MF
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Vendex 50WP
Sulfur

Ground Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Dicofol 4EC
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Aerial Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients
Vendex 4L

Aerial Application

Total per Application


Amount
/Acre
6pts
1 pt
250 gals


Amount
/Acre

2 lbs
25 lbs

250 gals


Amount
/Acre

6pts
1 pt
15 GPA


Amount
/Acre
2pts

15 GPA


Cost/Acre

$37.62
2.11

25.17

$64.90


Your
Cost/Acre









Your
Cost/Acre









Your
Cost/Acre









Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$42.57
4.28

25.17

$72.02


Cost/Acre

$36.96
2.11

550

$44.57


Cost/Acre
$42.53

5.50

$48.03


_____________111_________ _____ ___I


-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- -- --- - ---- -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -










Table 1-A.--Spray programs (cont'd.)

FALL SPRAY (cont'd.)


Spray Program #14


Spray Program #15


Materials/Ingredients

Sulfur (Dust)
Aerial Application

Total per Application


Materials/Ingredients

Vendex 4L

Aerial Application

Total per Application


Table 2-A.--Herbicide


Herbicide Program #1

(Strip/band)


Herbicide Program #2

(Strip/band)


Materials

Krovar II
Gramoxone
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(2 times)

Total for 2 Applications


Materials

Solicam 80DF
Simazine 90DF
Roundup

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre

12 lbs
6 pts
1 pt

80 gals


Amount/
Treated Acre

8 lbs
4 lbs
2 pts

40 gals


'With respect to herbicide materials, Amount Per Grove Acre does not equal Amount Per Treated
Acre shown on the label as only a strip or band is being treated. In this report, it is assumed that only
50% or one-half of a grove acre is being treated.


Amount
/Acre

60 lbs

15 GPA


Amount
/Acre

1.25 pts
15 GPA


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$10.26
750

$17.76


Cost/Acre

$26.58
5.50

$32.08


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$66.66
15.91
2.11

23.58


$108.26


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$59.02
7.26
5.48

11.79


$83.55


----- ------ ------- ----- --- ------- -__


---- --- -- -- -- -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- --- -- --- -- -- --- -- - -- - -- -- -- -- - -- -- -


-- -- - -- --- -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -








Table 2-A.--Herbicide (cont'd.)


Herbicide Program #3
(Strip/band)


Herbicide Program #4

(Strip/band)


Materials
Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Materials

Krovar II
Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(3 times)
Total for 3 Applications


Amount/
Treated Acre
4 qts
2pts
40 gals


Amount/
Treated Acre

12 lbs
6 qts
3 pts

120 gals


Herbicide Program #5

(Strip/band)


Herbicide Program #6

(Strip/band)


Materials

Roundup
Princep (Caliber 90)
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application


Materials

Direx 4L
Solicam
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)

Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre

2 qts
4 lbs
2 qts
50 gals


Amount/
Treated Acre

3 qts
3 lbs
2pts

50 gals


Herbicide Program #7

(Chemical mow)


Materials

Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)

Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre

1 pt
0.5 pt


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$21.91
2.11

11.79


$35.81


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$66.66
32.87
3.17

3537


$138.07


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$10.96
7.26
4.22
11.79


$34.23


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre'

$ 8.68
22.17
2.11

11.79


$44.75


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$ 2.74
1.06
833


$12.13


_________________________ I __ ______


-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- -- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- - -- -- -


-----------------------------------------











Table 2-A.--Herbicide (cont'd.)


Herbicide Program #8

(Chemical mow)


Herbicide Program #9

(Spot treatment)


Materials

Roundup
Adjuvant (Surfactant)
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Materials

Poast
Crop Oil
Ground Application
(1 time)
Total for 1 Application


Amount/
Treated Acre

1.5 pts
0.5 pt


Amount/
Treated Acre

2 pts
1 pt


Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer


Program #1

(162 lbs N/Acre)


Program #2

(180 lbs N/Acre)


Program #3

(204 lbs N/Acre)


Analysis/Material
Applied

12-2-12-2.4 MgO

Application
Total for 3 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied

12-2-12-2.4 MgO

Application

Total for 3 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied

17-4-17-2.4 MgO
Application
Total for 2 Applications


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre*

$ 4.11
1.06

8.33


$13.50


Your Cost/
Grove Acre


Cost/
Grove Acre"

$15.31
032

5.00


$20.63


Amount
/Acre

1350 lbs

3 times


Amount
/Acre

1500 lbs

3 times


Amount
/Acre

1200 lbs

3 times


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$103.95
20.82

$124.77


Cost/Acre

$115.00

20.82

$136.32


Cost/Acre

$108.24

20.82

$129.06


-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


__1______1_________1____________________


_________1_____1___________________I____


-- -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


-- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -






17


Table 3-A.--Dry fertilizer (cont'd.)

Analysis/Material
Program #4 Applied

(225 lbs N/Acre) 15-2-15-2.4 MgO

Application
Total for 3 Applications


Program #5

(240 lbs N/Acre)


Program #6

(272 lbs N/Acre)


Table 4-A.--Liquid fertilizer


Program #1

(180 lbs N/Acre)


Program #2

(180 lbs N/Acre)


Program #3

(180 lbs N/Acre)


Analysis/Material
Applied

16-2-16-3 MgO

Application
Total for 3 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied

17-0-17-3 MgO

Application
Total for 3 Applications


(Double boom application)
Analysis/Material
Applied
12-0-12

Double Boom Application

Total for 3 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied
12-4-12

Double Boom Application
Total for 3 Applications


Analysis/Material
Applied
12-0-12
Krovar II (Treated Acre)
Double Boom Application

Total for 3 Applications


Amount
/Acre
1500 Ibs
3 times


Amount
/Acre

1500 lbs

3 times


Amount
/Acre

1600 lbs
3 times


Amount
/Acre
1500 Ibs

3 times


Amount
/Acre
1500 lbs
3 times


Amount
/Acre

1500 lbs
12 lbs

3 times


Cost/Acre

$123.78

20.82
$144.60


Your
Cost/Acre








Your
Cost/Acre








Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre








Your
Cost/Acre








Your
Cost/Acre


Cost/Acre

$128.70

20.82
$149.52


Cost/Acre

$142.56

20.82
$163.38


Cost/Acre

$ 90.75
30.00

$120.75


Cost/Acre
$100.65

30.00
$130.65


Cost/Acre

$ 90.75
66.66

30.00
$187.41


-----------------_____ ____l_


-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -


------ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -


_----------------------------------------


-----------------------------------______ _______ I_ _










Table 5-A.--Fertigation


Program #1

(Supplemental)


Program #2

(Supplement







Program #3
(Exclusive)


al)


Table 6-A.--Nematicides


Program #1








Program #2








Program #3


Analysis/Material
Applied
10-0-10

Application
Total per Application


Analysis/Material
Applied
8-4-8
Application
Total per Application


Amount
/Acre
400 lbs


Amount
/Acre
750 lbs


Cost/Acre
$21.12
4.44
$25.56


Cost/Acre
$42.90
5.60
$48.50


Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre Cost/Acre
8-0-8 2000 lbs $ 97.48
Application 15.65
Total per Application $113.13


Analysis/Material
Applied
Temik 15G
Application
Total per Application


Amount
/Acre
33 lbs
1 time


Cost/Acre
$126.32
12.00
$138.32


Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre Cost/Acre
Nemacur 15G 67 lbs $226.26
Application 1 time 12.00
Total per Application $238.26


Analysis/Material
Applied
Nemacur 15G
Application
Total per Application


Amount
/Acre
50 Ibs
1 time


Cost/Acre
$168.85
12.00
$180.85


Your
Cost/Acre







Your
Cost/Acre







Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre







Your
Cost/Acre







Your
Cost/Acre


---------------------11'--------------"








Table 7-A.--Soil amendment


Program #1
(Every 3 yea









Program #2
(Every year)


rs)


Analysis/Material
Applied

Dolomite (Delivered)

Application

Total for 1 Application

(Average 1/3 Ton Applied/Yr)


Amount
/Acre
1 ton

1 time


Cost/Acre
$24.97

6.50

$31.47
$10.49


Analysis/Material Amount
Applied /Acre Cost/Acre

Dolomite (Delivered) 1000 lbs $12.49

Application 1 time 6.50

Total per Application $18.99
..........................................----------------------------------------


Table 8-A.--Irrigation--annual cost per acre


DRIP


Operating


Maintenance of System
Total Cost


Program #1

$ 61.77
(Electric)
39.47

$101.24


Your
Cost/Acre


Program #2

$37.45
(Diesel)
45.82

$83.27


----------------------------------------


MICROSPRINKLER


Operating


Maintenance of System

Total Cost


Program #3

$ 77.22
(Electric)

46.94

$124.16


DRAINAGE DITCH ANNUAL COSTS


Ditches/Canals Maintenance ($31.39/acre + 3 years)
Weed Control in Ditches/Canals
Water Control: In/Out of Ditches and Canals
Total


Your
Cost/Acre









Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Program #4
$46.80
(Diesel)

54.47

$101.27


Your
Cost/Acre


Your
Cost/Acre


Program #5

$10.46
9.67
7.67
$27.80


----------------------------------------











Table 9-A.--A listing of 1993 custom rates reported by twenty Indian River and South Florida citrus caretakers

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' Comments

CULTIVATION AND EQUIPMENT:


Hand Hoe/Hand Labor
Rotovate
Disc 7-8'
Disc 10'
Mow: Off-set or Side Mower
5-8'
9-10'
15-16'
V-Mower
Sickle Mower
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Single Boom)
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Single Boom)
Herbicide' (Strip/Band-Double Boom)
Herbicide (Chemical Mow)
Temik/Nemaacr'
Plow
Backhoe
Vine Puller
Pickup Truck with Driver
Pickup Truck without Driver
Flatbed/Transport Truck with Driver
Tractor with Driver
Power Saw with Operator
Power Saw without Operator
Middle Buster
Mound Builder
Grader Blade
Water Truck with Driver


SPRAYING:'

Hand Sprayer
Air Curtain Sprayer


Hour $ 8.50- $12.00
Hour 22.00- 36.00
Hour 22.00- 32.00
Hour 25.00- 35.00
Hour 25.00- 33.00
Hour 25.00- 30.00
Hour 26.00- 33.00
Hour 26.00- 35.00
Hour 30.00- 32.00
Hour 29.00- 36.50
Hour 28.00- 36.00
Acre 9.25- 14.00
Acre 10.00- 12.00
Acre 7.00- 10.00
Acre -
Hour 20.00- 26.25
Hour 35.00- 44.00
Hour
Hour 20.00- 28.50
Hour
Hour 28.50- 30.00
Hour 20.00- 29.00
Hour 14.75- 18.50
Hour 5.50- 8.50
Hour 24.00- 32.00
Hour 26.50- 33.00
Hour 24.00- 32.00
Hour 22.00- 30.00



Hour $40.00- $45.00
Acre


$10.60 Plus transportation
29.42
27.45 Average $8.75/acre
28.15
30.00
2753 Average $8.50acre
29.83 Average $9.17/acre
3134 Average $833/acre
31.00 Average $9.50acre
31.40
30.71 Plus materials
11.79 Plus materials
11.17 Plus materials; Average $36.83/hour
8.33 Plus materials
12.00 Plus materials
24.08
38.82
26.00
23.95 Average miles traveled per year. Pick-up truck 21,571 miles
17.50 Transport truck 10,000 miles
29.25 One reporting $1.00/mile
23.50
16.08
7.25
27.29 With tractor and driver
29.00 With tractor and driver
27.13 Tractor/blade and driver
2638


$42.50 Includes tractor, handgun sprayer and 2 workers
17.50 2-MPH Dicky John


AIR BLAST SPRAYER

Engine Driven PTO Powered


Acre 32.00- 42.00
Acre 21.00- 30.00
Acre 18.50- 20.00
Acre 17.25- 19.00


37.75 35.00- 47.50 39.83
25.17 22.00- 34.00 25.13 Average $20/acre-250 GPA @ 2 MPH
19.44 18.00- 20.00 19.15 Average $18/acre-125 GPA @ 2 MPH
17.50 1650- 18.50 17.59


Helicopter: $ 4.00/acre @ 5 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: $4.75/acre Helicopter: $5.67/acre @ 10 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: $550/acre Helicopter: $850/acre @ 15 gallons per acre
Fixed Wing: $638/acre Helicopter: $9.00/acre @ 20 gallons per acre


DUSTING:'

Aerial Application

FERTILIZING:'


Acre $ -- $ -- 7.50


Inject Liquid Fertilizer into Irrigation System
Liquid Boom Application:
Double Boom
Dry (Bulk)
Dry (Bulk)
Lime or Dolomite
Lime or Dolomite
Fertilize Young Trees' Hand Spread
Fert. Spreader


Hour $ $ -- $ 27.20 Includes tractor, driver and fertilizer tank


Acre
Acre 6.25- 8.00
Ton 17.00- 18.15
Acre 6.00- 7.00
Ton 5.50- 8.00
Hour 850- 12.00
Hour 25.00- 36.00


1150
6.94 Average $2533/hour
1738
650
6.88
10.60 Plus transportation; one reporting 10w/tree
28.97 Plus materials; $7.13/acre


One reporting travel to/from grove site at one hour per day of pickup truck rate.


(OVER)


500 GPA
250 GPA
125 GPA
100 GPA

Aerial
Aerial
Aerial
Aerial









Table 9-A.--A listing of 1993 custom rates reported by twenty Indian River and South Florida dtrus caretakers (cont'd.)

Range of Rate Average
Grove Practice Unit Reported Rate' Comments

IRRIGATION:


Water Furrow Disc
Water Furrow Cleaner
Water Furrow Shaper
Rotary Ditcher or Auger
Water Slinger
Water Trencher
Ring Young Trees: Mechanical
Hand Labor
4 Wheeler for Micosprinkler with Driver
Microsprinkler Maintenance

REMOVING TREES:

Front End Loader
Tree Shearing (Cutting Tree at Ground
Level)

PRUNING:

General Pruning (Per Man)
Saw with Operator
Hedging
Single Side (Tractor Pulled)
Double Side (Tractor Pulled)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Double Side (Self Propelled)
Topping:
Tractor Pulled
Single Boom (Self Propelled)

Double Sided Topper
Double Boom (Self Propelled)
Limb Liftcr/Tlee Skirt Trimmer
Removing Brush:
Hail brush out of Grove
Mow Brush

COLD PROTECTION (YOUNG TREES):

Hand Labor
Tree Wraps

OTHER CUSTOM RATES:

Plant Trees (Solid Set)
Plant Trees (Resets)
Mechanic Labor
Mechanic Labor
Grove Management Charge/Month




Consulting

Other Charge Reported

Total Reported Acreage Provided Grove
Service to:


Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Hour
Acre/Month


$ 25.50- $36.00 $3020
29.00- 32.00 30.50
46.00- 65.00 55.25
22.0- 32.00 28.00
25.00- 32.00 28.50
25.00 32.00 29.00
25.00- 26.50 25.75
8.50- 12.00 10.60 Plus transportation
1650- 22.50 19.53 Average 3 wheeler $1433/hour
3.00- 3.50 3.25 Check & repair system; parts extra


Hour $ 40.00- S50.00 S 4557 Avg. range 5-20 trees per hour; bulldoer avg. $51.75/hour

Hour 45.00- 50.00 47.00 Avg. range 5-30 trees per hour



Hour S 850- $ 12.00 S 10.60 Plus transportation and pruning equipment
Hour 16.00- 18.00 17.00

Hour 50.00- 70.00 60.00 4 to 8 acres/hour; equipment only
Hour 85.00- 95.00 91.67 4 to 15 acres/hour
Hour 225.00 8 to 20 acres/hour depending on wood size
Hour 305.00 15 to 25 acres/hour-double row bedsj 8 to 12 acres-single
\row beds; depending on wood size
Hour 85.00- 95.00 91.67 1 to 4 acres/hour depending on wood size
Hour 300.00 4 to 10 acres/hour depending on wood size; 10 to 20 acres
Uttop cut from bed tops
Hour 225.00 Avg. 5 to 25 acres depending on wood size type of cut
Hour 495.00 2 to 10 acres/hour depending on wood size; 15 to 30 acres
Hour 46.00- 55.00 50.33 3 to 12 acres/hour \lattop cat from bed tops

Hour 40.00- 45.00 4333 Front-end loader
Hour 25.00- 33.00 29.33


Each
Each
Hour
Hour
Acre


$ 850- $ 12.00 S 10.60 Plus transportation and materials; 7-15S/tree
1.05



$ 0.61- S 1.25 S 0.93 Varies as to density
1.90- 2.30 2.04 Varies as to the number of resets
18.00- 25.00 22.67
26.00- 40.00 32.00 Labor and service truck
2.50- 6.00 4.56 In addition to caretaking charges; supervising grove care
\operations; varies by grove size


Average 15Lbox for handling and marketing

Hour 75.00- 100.00 8750 One reporting $30/hour or S1/acre for pest monitoring

10%-15% supervision charge for all materials and outside contracting


Acre


600- 4,000 2,133 Total acres reporting: 25,590


Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, Lake Alfred CREC, May 1993.


'Pus materials. Caretakers reporting rates include labor, tractor and sprayer; supply truck included by most caretakers.

'Calculated by dividing the total number of caretakers reporting a grove practice rate into the sum reported. Unless otherwise stated, labor included with all charges.









Table 10-A.--1993 summary of average chemical price estimates


Average
Item Unit Price


Fungicides:


Aliette 80WP
Benlate
Carbamate
Basic Copper Sulfate (53%)
Copper Hydroxide (50%)
Copper (50%) (Kocide 101)
Copper (40%) (Kocide 606)
Copper (40%) (Champ)
Oil 435
Oil 455
Ridomil 2E
Ridomil 5G


12.93
16.34
3.55
1.32
1.97
1.92
12.63
12.23
2.19
2.14
141.73
4.11


555.67
28.31
72.00
28.85
44.78
31.20
27.41
4.88
45.61
6.98
43.60
1.79
15.74
43.26
0.92
12.02
65.59
3.07
4.04
3.68
310.00
43.27
3.48
6.63
19.35
154.63


Insecticides/Nematicides:
Agri-Mek (0.15EC)
Carzol 92 SP
Comite 6.55 EC
Cygon 4 EC
Dicofol 4 EC
Ethion
Guthion 2L
Guthion 35WP
Kelthane MF
Logic Bait
Lorsban 4EC
Lorsban 15G
Malathion
Metasystox-R
Methyl Bromide 98/2
Morestan 25WP
Nemacur 3EC
Nemacur 15G
Sevin 80S
Sulphur 6F
Sulphur Dust
Supracide 2 EC
Temik 15G
Vapam
Vendex 50W
Vendex 4L








Table 10-A.--1993 summary of average chemical price estimates (cont'd.)

Average
Item Unit Price


Herbicides: DeVine pt. 72.00
Diquat gal. 75.66
Direx 4L gal. 21.01
Dual gal. 68.50
Eptam gal. 27.88
Fusilade 2000 1E gal. 64.15
Goal gal. 73.60
Gramoxone (Paraquat) gal. 38.53
Hyvar L gal. 53.53
Hyvar X lb. 13.15
Karmex lb. 4.34
Krovar I lb. 8.45
Krovar II lb. 10.10
Poast gal. 111.35
Princep (Caliber 90) lb. 3.30
Princep 4L gal. 15.11
Prowl gal. 30.50
Rodeo gal. 93.02
Roundup gal. 39.84
Simazine 90 DF lb. 3.30
Simazine 4L gal. 14.00
Solicam lb. 13.43
Sonar AS gal. 17.65
Surflan AS gal. 63.34
Touchdown gal. 59.24
Treflan gal. 32.81
Growth Regulators:
Citrus Fix gal. 510.22
Fruit Fix gal. 166.67
Pro-Gibb 3.91% 20 oz. 27.14
TreeHold gal. 72.03
Other Spray Materials:
Borates (15%) lb. 0.65
Manganese (32%) lb. 0.33
Zinc (78%) lb. 0.76
Adjuvant (Surfactant) gal. 15.33
Nutritional Spray Mix
Ferri Plus 138 lb. 7.62
Goemar gal. 29.91
MZF gal. 7.24
NutraLeaf (20-20-20) lb. 0.58
Sequestrene 138 lb. 10.10



SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, May 1993.










Table 11-A.--1993 summary of average fertilizer price estimates


Average
Item Unit Price


FERTILIZER (FOB Price @ Plant)
Slow Release (Young Tree)*
IBDU: 8-4-8 (N)
10-3-7 (N)
Osmocote: 17-6-9 (NPK)
ESCOTE: 19-6-12 (NPK)
Multicote: 10-4-10 (N 65%, K 54%)
Dry Mix (Bulk)
17-0-17-3M o
17-4-17-2.4,go
16-0-16
16-0-16-4Mg
16-2-16-3Mg,
15-2-12-2.4Mo
12-2-12-2.4MO
8-8-8 w/minors**
8-4-8 w/minors**
8-2-8 w/minors**
6-6-6 w/minors**
Liquid Mix (Bulk)
8-2-8
8-4-8
9-3-9
9-4-9
10-0-10
10-2-10
12-0-6
12-3-6


257.00
376.00
1,916.67
1,524.00
426.00


162.08
164.34
135.21
159.36
156.22
150.04
140.36
114.40
112.22
107.01
103.39


85.26
93.21
90.35
94.11
84.96
92.47
85.32
96.56


*Slow Release Elements are indicated in parenthesis.

**With organic nitrogen, the price averaged 45% higher.








Table 11-A.--1993 summary of average fertilizer price estimates (cont'd.)

Average
Item Unit Price

Other Fertilizer Materials (Bulk)
Ammonium Nitrate (21% N Liquid) ton 104.09
Ammonium Nitrate (33.5% N Dry) ton 162.83
Ammonium Sulfate (21% N) ton 110.25
Calcium Nitrate (19% N) ton 192.16
Dolomite (at mine--49% CaCO3, ton 11.39
36% MgCO3)
Gypsum (20%-28% Ca) ton 11.14
Muriate of Potash (42% K) ton 139.44
Nitrate of Soda/Potash ton 240.00
Potassium Nitrate (14% N) ton 353.48
Super Phosphate (8% P) ton 148.70
Triple Superphosphate( 19% P) ton 155.53
Average Delivery Cost ton 11.31


SOURCE: Ronald P. Muraro, Extension Farm Management Economist, University of
Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, Florida, May 1993.






26

Table 12-A.--Cost for establishing, planting and maintaining a citrus grove through four years of age, South Florida Flatwoods area
Cost Per Acre

Range Average

$ $
Land Cost:' Improved Pasture Land 1,700-2,500 2,050
Raw Land and Semi-improved Pasture 1,150-1,800 1,450
Land Preparation: Pasture and Light Palmettos 125- 275 195
(Clearing) Raw Land (heavy pines, palmettos) 350- 600 465
Leveling: With Laser 200- 350 275
Without Laser 100- 250 160
Bedding: 2-rows (short rows -- 1350+ feet) 100- 195 130
Soil Amendments: Dolomite 1 ton 35
Super Phosphate, 400 lbs. 30
Canals, Ditches and Dikes 150- 260 195
Reservoirs and Roads 130- 180 155
Throw-out Pumps for Water Movement 45- 60 55
Culverts 65- 135 85
Middle Drop Drainage Pipes 45- 95 105
Drainage Tile 140- 160 150
Cover Crop 9- 16 12
Irrigation System: Microsprinkler -- with Well2 850-1,500 1,000
-- without Well 525-1,200 700
Drip -- with Well2 775-1,050 875
-- without Well 400- 825 560
Water Permits, Environmental Studies, and Engineering: Cost 40- 90 70
Time in Months 5- 12 8
Percent Land Utilization: Planted to Citrus 55%- 85% 71%
Ditches and Canals 5%- 10% 8%
Water Retention 10%- 30% 15%
Roads and Service Areas 3%- 15% 6%
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
South Florida

Year

1 2 3 4

Solidset Planted Trees ---------- Cost Per Tree ------- -

Microsprinkler Irrigation and Ditch Maintenance $0.40 $0.50 $0.65 $0.85
Fertilize Tree 0.25 0.40 0.55 056
Supplemental Fertilization thru Irrigation 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.29
Spray 0.30 0.40 0.47 0.50
Insulated Tree Wrap (annual maintenance) 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.00
Sprouting (labor) 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00
Cultivation/Mowing 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
Herbicide 054 0.54 0.54 0.54
Ridomil/Aliette 035 035 0.00 0.00
Miscellaneous 0.43 0.49 0.42 0.48
Total Cost Per Year $331 $3.77 $3.62 $3.66

Reset Trees (annual additional grove care costs) $2.13 $2.47 $1.84
Cost of Planting Trees' Solidset = $5.00 Reset = $630
'Land cost will vary from one county to another as well as from one parcel to another.

'Irrigation costs include distribution system, power unit and well (where indicated.) The higher cost ranges reported also included a cost for
fertigation equipment.

'The per tree costs shown are applicable for tree densities of 145 to 165 trees per acre. The per tree costs should be decreased for higher density
plantings and increased for lower density plantings; e.g., at 200 trees per acre decrease costs by 15%; at 115 trees per acre increase costs by 15%.

*Tree cost (bare root) = $3.25; stake, plant, and water tree = $1.25 (solidset) and $2.55 (resets); and uninsulated tree wrap = $0.50.


Source: Ronald P. Muraro, Farm Management Economist, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL, November 1989.









Table 13-A.--Historic prices' for selected citrus varieties

Variety

Early" and Late Seedless grapefruit"
mid'-season season Temple
Crop year oranges oranges oranges Tangerines Tangelos (white) (pink)


1961-62
1962-63
1963-64
1964-65
1965-66
1966-67
1967-68
1968-69
1969-70
1970-71
1971-72
1972-73
1973-74
1974-75
1975-76
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92f


$1.93
2.17
4.43
2.57
1.44
0.81
1.86
1.56
1.15
1.10
1.98
1.43
1.38
1.46
1.69
1.89
3.90
4.44
3.59
3.67
4.27
4.88
5.09
730
3.92
4.56
6.72
6.63
6.01
5.38
539


$1.81
3.50
4.45
2.28
1.79
1.08
2.28
1.83
1.13
1.91
2.11
1.71
1.59
1.82
1.88
2.63
4.40
4.95
3.89
4.63
4.29
5.41
6.72
6.88
3.97
6.02
8.73
8.41
6.53
6.58
7.01


$2.17
3.09
4.45
2.77
1.80
0.88
2.79
222
1.47
1.91
1.95
1.95
1.64
1.68
1.79
2.16
3.92
4.89
2.89
4.21
4.01
3.99
534
5.59
3.01
3.60
5.69
5.46
5.64
6.11
7.06


$2.04
3.02
3.18
2.68
2.14
1.06
429
2.55
2.23
1.88
2.97
237
2.82
3.05
3.02
329
4.79
4.99
4.25
5.45
6.23
7.57
5.93
15.91
12.69
10.92
12.99
12.64
15.28
17.40
23.51


$336
4.66
4.83
4.00
2.85
1.64
322
2.47
1.13
1.04
1.69
139
1.25
1.45
1.42
1.42
329
3.90
2.87
3.92
3.58
4.37
4.28
7.08
4.06.
3.72
558
631
5.10
6.11
7.06


$0.68
129
2.24
1.51
139
0.73
2.05
0.98
1.72
1.89
2.27
2.06
1.58
1.55
129
1.49
1.47
221
3.12
3.46
1.92
151
2.08
3.02
3.56
4.45
535
433
521
4.59
6.63


$0.86
1.81
2.54
1.82
1.64
0.94
2.48
1.15
1.92
2.15
2.69
2.53
2.12
259
223
2.04
2.09
3.13
3.80
422
2.80
3.20
4.05
4.84
4.98
5.80
5.93
4.71
630
6.85
6.74


'On-tree average price per box (1-3/5 bushel box equivalent) for all methods of sale minus pick and haul
charges.


"Navel and Hamlin
Tarson Brown and Pineapple
dValencia


*Marsh (white) or pink
'Preliminary


Source: Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.













Table 14-A.--Debt which can be supported per $1,000.00 annual payment capacity


Loan Interest rate paid on the loan
term
(years) 8.0% 8.5% 9.0% 9.5% 10.0% 10.5% 11.0% 11.5% 12.0% 12.5% 13.0% 13.5% 14.0% 14.5% 15.0%
1 926 922 917 913 909 905 901 897 893 889 885 881 877 873 870
2 1,783 1,771 1,759 1,747 1,754 1,724 1,713 1,701 1,690 1,679 1,668 1,657 1,647 1,636 1,626
3 2,577 2,554 2,531 2,509 2,487 2,465 2,444 2,423 2,402 2,381 2,361 2,341 2,322 2,302 2,283
4 3,312 3,276 3,240 3,204 3,170 3,136 3,102 3,070 3,037 3,006 2,974 2,944 2,914 2,884 2,855
5 3,993 3,941 3,890 3,840 3,791 3,743 3,696 3,650 3,605 3,561 3,517 3,475 3,433 3,392 3,352
6 4,623 4,554 4,486 4,420 4,355 4,292 4,230 4,170 4,111 4,054 3,998 3,942 3,889 3,836 3,784
7 5,206 5,119 5,033 4,950 4,868 4,789 4,712 4,640 4,564 4,492 4,423 4355 4,288 4,224 4,160
8 5,747 5,639 5,535 5,433 5,335 5,239 5,146 5,056 4,968 4,882 4,799 4,718 4,639 4,562 4,487
9 6,247 6,119 5,995 5,875 5,759 5,646 5,537 5,431 5,328 5,228 5,132 5,038 4,946 4,858 4,772
10 6,710 6,561 6,418 6,279 6,145 6,015 5,889 5,768 5,650 5,536 5,426 5319 5,216 5,116 5,019
11 7,139 6,969 6,805 6,647 6,495 6,348 6,207 6,070 5,938 5,810 5,687 5,568 5,453 5,341 5,234
12 7,536 7,345 7,161 6,984 6,814 6,650 6,492 6,341 6,194 6,054 5,918 5,787 5,660 5,538 5,421
13 7,904 7,691 7,487 7,291 7,103 6,923 6,750 6,583 6,424 6,270 6,122 5,979 5,842 5,710 5,583
14 8,244 8,010 7,786 7,572 7,367 7,170 6,982 6,801 6,628 6,462 6,302 6,149 6,002 5,861 5,724
15 8,559 8,304 8,061 7,828 7,606 7,394 7,191 6,997' 6,811 6,633 6,462 6,299 6,142 5,992 5,847
16 8,851 8,576 8,313 8,062 7,824 7,596 7,379 7,172 6,974 6,785 6,604 6,431 6,265 6,106 5,954
17 9,122 8,825 8,543 8,276 8,022 7,779 7,549 7,329 7,119 6,920 6,729 6,547 6,373 6,207 6,048
18 9,372 9,056 8,756 8,471 8,201 7,945 7,702 7,470 7,250 7,040 6,840 6,649 6,467 6,294 6,128
19 9,603 9,268 8,950 8,650 8,365 8,095 7,839 7,596 7,366 7,146 6,938 6,739 6,551 6,370 6,198
20 9,818 9,463 9,129 8,812 8,514 8,231 7,963 7,710' 7,469 7,241 7,025 6,819 6,623 6,437 6,259
25 10,675 10,234 9,823 9,438 9,077 8,739 8,422 8,123 7,843 7,579 7,330 7,095 6,873 6,663 6,464
30 11,258 10,747 10,274 9,835 9,427 9,047 8,868 8,364 8,055 7,766 7,496 7,242 7,003 6,778 6,566
35 11,655 11,088 10,567 10,087 9,644 9,234 8,855 8,503 8,175 7,870 7,586 7,320 7,070 6,836 6,617
40 11,925 11,315 10,757 10,247 9,779 9,348 8,951 8,587 8,244 7,928 7,634 7361 7,105 6,866 6,642


'Example. Assumes a $10,000 after tax income at 11.5% interest rate and a 15-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $69,970
($6,997 x 10). At 11.5% interest rate and a 20-year term mortgage, the total debt which can be supported is $77,100 ($7,710 x 10).