Geology of the upper Cretaceous clastic section northern peninsular Florida ( FGS: Information circular 60 )

STATE OF FLORIDA
STATE BOARD OF CONSERVATION

DIVISION OF GEOLOGY
Robert O. Vernon, Director

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

GEOLOGY OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS
CLASTIC SECTION
NORTHERN PENINSULAR FLORIDA

By
Clarence Babcock

TALLAHASSEE
1969

V\i (o 0

Completed manuscript received
November 4, 1968
Printed by the Division of Geology
Florida Board of Conservation
Tallahassee

PREFACE
The lower sediments of the Upper Cretaceous section of northern peninsular
Floridacoisist predominantly of sands and shales. These sediments are present
over most of southern Georgia and peninsular Florida. The sands have good
porosities and probably would form good oil reservoirs; the shales are dark and
appear to have high organic content that could have made them sources of
petroleum. The penetration by wells in the area is considered to be insufficient
to condemn the land area as a petroleum prospect, and the adjacent ocean
bottoms hold even greater promise.
The report presents a number of geologic cross sections and maps upon which
broad interpretations of correlations, stratigraphy and regional structures are
based. The Upper Cretaceous plastic section of the Atkinson Formation is shown
to pinch-out upon the underlying Lower Cretaceous sediments elevated along
the Peninsular arch. Younger, less permeable sediments overlap the Upper
Cretaceous plastics.
A basal sand in the Austin interval, which the Applins (1967, p. 19) referred
to as the "chalky sandstone facies in the lower part of the unit of Austin age," is
described and named the LaCrosse Sandstone.

-F
ir

---

.d

C

CONTENTS

Preface . . . ...
Introduction .............
Purposes of report and method of study
Acknowledgements ........
Upper Cretaceous (Gulf) Series ......
La Crosse Sandstone ........
Stratigraphy . . .
Description . .
Lithology . .
Thickness and extent
Overlying rock .
Underlying rock .

Page
. . . iii
. . . . . 1
. . . . . 1
. . . . ... 1
. . . . . 1
. . . . . 1

Age . . . . . . 5
Source rock ...................... .. 7
Discussion ........................... 7
Structure . . . . . . . .7
Atkinson Formation ...........................7
Stratigraphy . . . . . . .7
Previous work . . . .. .. ... .. 7
Florida . . . . . . 11
Georgia ............................. 12
Usageinthisreport ...................... 12
Criteria for recognizing the top of the Atkinson Formation 13
Criteria for recognizing the top of the basal sand unit,
Atkinson Formation ................... 13
Criteria for recognizing the sediment underlying the
Atkinson Formation .................. .20
The Lower Cretaceous section .. . . 20
An oolitic limestone facies of Upper Cretaceous Age . 20
Paleozoic rocks ................... 22
Structure . . . . . . 22
Bibliography . . . . . . . 27
Appendices . . . . . . . .
I. Data on Florida and Georgia wells in the report area . .... .. . 31
II. Bureau of Geology well and locality designation system . ... 41

ILLUSTRATIONS

F

figure

Page

1 Outline of the report area ........................ 2
2 Electric-lithologic log representing the type section for the La Crosse Sandstone,
Tidewater, No. 1 Parker well (Sec. 33-T7S-R19E, Alachua County) . 3
3 Isopach of the La Crosse Sandstone . . . . .. 6
4 Stratigraphic-structural cross section (A-A) of Upper Cretaceous strata, Dixie
County to Suwannee County .... . . . Facing p. 6
5 Stratigraphic-structural cross section (B-B) of Upper Cretaceous strata, southern
Suwannee County and Columbia County . . .... Facing p. 6
6 Stratigraphic-structural cross section (C-C) of Upper Cretaceous strata, northern
Suwannee County and Columbia County . . . .Facing p. 6
7 Up-gradient limits of the mapped units of the Atkinson Formation, and of Lower
Cretaceous beds .. ..... .. ... ...... .... .. .. 8

ILLUSTRATIONS, continued

Figure Page
8 Corelations of the Atkinson Formation, and of the La Crosse Sandstone, northern
peninsular Florida . . . 9
9 Structure map on top of the La Crosse Sandstone . . . 10
10 Electric-lithologic section, Sun, No. 1 Tillis well, Suwannee County . .. 14
11 Electric-lithologic section, Gulf, No. 1 Brooks-Scanlon, Block 33 well,
Taylor County .. ................... ........ 15
12 Electric-lithologic section, Coastal, No. 1 Ragland well, Levy County .... .16
13 Electric-lithologic section, Sun, No. 1 Camp well, Marion County ...... 17
14 Cored sections, basal sand unit of the Atkinson Formation . ... 18
15 Isopach of the basal sand unit of the Atkinson Formation . ... 19
16 First fithology indicative of the Lower Cretaceous section . ... 21
17 Structure map on top of the Atkinson Formation . . . .. 23
18 Structure map on top of the basal sand unit of the Atkinson Formation .. 24
19 Structure map on top of the Lower Cretaceous section . .... 25
20 Structure map on top of Paleozoic rocks . . . .... 26

GEOLOGY OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS
CLASTIC SECTION
NORTHERN PENINSULAR FLORIDA
Clarence Babcock
INTRODUCTION
The report area, figure 1, encompasses 29 counties and approximately 20,000
square miles in northern peninsular Florida, and about 15,000 square miles in
southern Georgia. Georgia is included to show the relationship of the geology in
adjoining area to that of northern Florida.
There is relatively little relief in the area, and the maximum elevation is only
about 175 feet. The area is traversed by many streams. It is bounded on the west
by the Gulf of Mexico, the western boundary of Jefferson County, and generally
longitude 84 degrees west; on the east by the Atlantic Ocean; and on the north
by the approximate northern limit of the shallow-water marine facies of the
Atkinson Formation (the Applins, 1947, map No. 5). To the south the study
area extends to the southern boundaries of Pasco, Sumter, Lake, and Orange
counties; thus the main part of the Peninsular arch is included within the
geologic setting.
PURPOSES OF REPORT AND METHOD OF STUDY
The primary purposes of this report are: 1) to describe a new formation for
which the name the LaCrosse Sandstone is suggested, 2) to map, and briefly
describe for the report area, the lithologic units of the Atkinson Formation, and
the uppermost beds of the underlying Lower Cretaceous section.
In this study, lithologic and other geologic data were obtained by examining
well cuttings, cores and electric logs from 78 selected wells. The locations and
data on these wells are shown on the figures of this report, and in appendix 1,
respectively.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The writer is indebted to personnel of the Bureau of Geology, Florida
Department of Natural Resources, for stimulating discussions, data, review of
the manuscript, proof of copy and preparation of illustrations.

UPPER CRETACEOUS (GULF) SERIES
LA CROSSE SANDSTONE
The sandstone unit for which the name the La Crosse Sandstone is suggested
was described by the Applins in 1967 in text (p. 19, including table 4), and by
an isopach map (plate 4 B). The Southeastern Geological Society cross sections
(1949) showed sand in the lower part of an undifferentiated section of Austin
Age, and logs in the open file of the Bureau of Geology contain descriptions of
this unit.

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

Figure 1. Outline of the report area.

The unit is formally named in the present report primarily because of its
significance in clarifying the correlation of the lower part of the Upper
Cretaceous section, and in some wells the unit has good reservoir characteristics.
The type well for this unit is the Tidewater, No. 1 Parker test, located in Sec.
33-T7S-R19E, Alachua County; figure 2 is an electric-lithologic log of this well.

STRATIGRAPHY
Description
Lithology
This description is from cores of the type well. A short section of the rocks
overlying and underlying the La Crosse Sandstone has been included in the
description.

(Approximate) known underground distribution
of shallow-water marine faces of upper
member of Atkinson formation (the Applins,
1947, Map No.5)

RGIA
ATLANTIC

GULF

MEXICO

| AREA OF REPORT

GEOLOGY OF THE UPPER CRETACEOUS
CLASTIC SECTION
NORTHERN PENINSULAR FLORIDA
Clarence Babcock
INTRODUCTION
The report area, figure 1, encompasses 29 counties and approximately 20,000
square miles in northern peninsular Florida, and about 15,000 square miles in
southern Georgia. Georgia is included to show the relationship of the geology in
adjoining area to that of northern Florida.
There is relatively little relief in the area, and the maximum elevation is only
about 175 feet. The area is traversed by many streams. It is bounded on the west
by the Gulf of Mexico, the western boundary of Jefferson County, and generally
longitude 84 degrees west; on the east by the Atlantic Ocean; and on the north
by the approximate northern limit of the shallow-water marine facies of the
Atkinson Formation (the Applins, 1947, map No. 5). To the south the study
area extends to the southern boundaries of Pasco, Sumter, Lake, and Orange
counties; thus the main part of the Peninsular arch is included within the
geologic setting.
PURPOSES OF REPORT AND METHOD OF STUDY
The primary purposes of this report are: 1) to describe a new formation for
which the name the LaCrosse Sandstone is suggested, 2) to map, and briefly
describe for the report area, the lithologic units of the Atkinson Formation, and
the uppermost beds of the underlying Lower Cretaceous section.
In this study, lithologic and other geologic data were obtained by examining
well cuttings, cores and electric logs from 78 selected wells. The locations and
data on these wells are shown on the figures of this report, and in appendix 1,
respectively.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The writer is indebted to personnel of the Bureau of Geology, Florida
Department of Natural Resources, for stimulating discussions, data, review of
the manuscript, proof of copy and preparation of illustrations.

UPPER CRETACEOUS (GULF) SERIES
LA CROSSE SANDSTONE
The sandstone unit for which the name the La Crosse Sandstone is suggested
was described by the Applins in 1967 in text (p. 19, including table 4), and by
an isopach map (plate 4 B). The Southeastern Geological Society cross sections
(1949) showed sand in the lower part of an undifferentiated section of Austin
Age, and logs in the open file of the Bureau of Geology contain descriptions of
this unit.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

LITHOLOGY
-~ SHALE g CHALK
: SANDSTONE, Fine MARL
L SANDSTONE,Medium

MM Very MICACEOUS
M MICACEOUS
SQUARTZITIC
REDDISH

LOCATION of SECTION

I SOFT
I I Moderately SOFT
| HARD

Figure 2. Electric-lithologic log representing the type section for the La Crosse Sandstone,
Tidewater, No. 1 Parker well (Sec. 33-T7S-R19E, Alachua County).

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

UPPER CRETACEOUS AUSTIN CHALK
2860 2870 Chalk, white, slightly sandy, soft.
2870 2877 Marl, light tan, slightly sandy, medium soft.
2877 2880 Chalk, white, soft.
2880 2890 Chalk, white, slightly sandy, soft.
UPPER CRETACEOUS LA CROSSE SANDSTONE
2890 2920 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, very calcareous, soft.
2920 2930 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
2930 2945 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, very calcareous, soft.
2945 2950 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
2950 2980 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, soft.
2980 2990 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
2990 3030 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, soft.
3030 3060 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
3060 3070 Sandstone, light tan, quartz, medium grained, medium hard.
3070 3095 Sandstone, clear, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
3095 3100 Shale, olive green, fissile, soft.
3100 3110 Sandstone, tan, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
3110 3120 Sandstone, tan, quartz, fine grained, soft.
3120 3130 Sandstone, white, quartz, fine grained, very calcareous, soft.
3130 3140 Sandstone, clear, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
3140 3150 Sandstone, white, quartz, fine grained, medium hard.
3150 3155 Sandstone, clear, quartz, medium grained, very hard.
3155 3160 Sandstone, tan, quartz, fine grained, soft.
3160 3163 Sandstone, brown, quartz, fine grained, micaceous, soft.
UPPER CRETACEOUS POSSIBLE ATKINSON FORMATION
3163 3170 Shale, gray, non-calcareous, medium soft, slightly sandy.
3170 3172 Shale, light gray, fissile, micaceous.
Sediments that are typical of the La Crosse Sandstone were penetrated by 14
wells. Also, a slightly less typical accumulation of the unit was recognized in two
wells located east and west, respectively, and downgradient of the main body of
the formation. These two tests are the Gulf, No. 1 Kie Vining well, in west
central Columbia County, and the National Turpentine, No. 1 Fee well, in the
southwestern corner of Baker County. In these wells the La Crosse Sandstone is
pale yellowish brown to very pale orange in color, and it is more calcareous, as
well as generally more uniformly fine-grained, than it was in the type well.
Finally, a sandstone that is of very pale orange color, and much less calcareous
than is the sandstone of the type well, was penetrated by the Sun, No. 1
Williams Brothers well in northern Gilchrist County and by the Sun, No. 1
Odom well in southeastern Suwannee County; this sand is assigned to the
LaCrosse Sandstone.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

Thickness and Extent
This unit, which the isopach map of figure 3 shows to have a maximum
thickness of 273 feet, occurs in the central part of northern Florida, where it is
concentrated high on the western flank of the Peninsular arch. The La Crosse
Sandstone thins in all directions away from the center of deposition, and it is
overlapped by younger sediments.
Overlying Rock

The rock overlying the La Crosse Sandstone is of Austin Age, and in the type
well it is chalk, as it is in most wells in the report area; but in some wells this
overlying rock is marl, sandy limestone, or very calcareous shale, as revealed by
the stratigraphic-structural cross sections of figures 4, 5, and 6.
Underlying Rock
In the type well the rock underlying the La Crosse Sandstone is light brown,
sandy shale which questionably belongs in the Atkinson Formation. In most
other wells the underlying rock has been assigned to the Atkinson Formation,
and it is typically a gray, calcareous, "poker-chip" shale, which is often
micaceous.
Two tests located near the axis of the Peninsular arch found the La Crosse
Sandstone underlain by Paleozoic rock. These wells are:
Depth (and
Description of sub-sea depth)
Well Paleozoic rocks in feet Reference
Nat'l. Turpentine Sandstone, white 3040 Bridge and
No. 1 Fee and locally red (-2885) Berdan, 1950

Sun Oil Co. Quartzitic sand- 2813 Applin, Paul L.
No. 1 Bishop stone and shale (-2639) 1951, p, 23
Age
The Applins (1967, p. 20) reported that a core of this unit from the National
Turpentine, No. 1 Fee Well, located in southwestern Baker County, contained
specimens of Pseudofrondicularia lanceola (Reuss) var. bidentata (Cushman)
which, they state, has not been reported from beds older than Austin Age. The
assignment of -the La Crosse Sandstone to an Austin Age is generally
substantiated by electric log and sample correlations which indicate that the unit
is the stratigraphic equivalent of a gray marl or chalk section of Austin Age. The
stratigraphic-structural cross section C-C (fig. 6), however, shows that the lower
part of the La Crosse Sandstone in the Gulf, No. 1 Kie Vining well is the
stratigraphic equivalent of sediments of the Atkinson Formation in the Sun, No.
1 Tillis well which are included in the Eagle Ford microfaunal zone by the
Southeastern Geological Society (1949, cross section D-D').

6 BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

-- ca --

L 1 -,- I I/MTOSCA_

g\ / RA

;* N.! I -
^ : cruo .,

I Q9 CARLTOUA "
'i S \ ; ^" ~
o.s r ; ? m4a_

A--^ .-AE .

OFLAG AE
p I DARIN

9= -USI-
> -- -7 : -- -- i~isy ^ -- j -- -^ '* t i_ \ __ -(\ -- \
_^_ ___~'^L-rE^^ | ^ ^^ ^ 3^..lo ^

'^^^^ S ^ I s It I sI I ^ ti Itlr ^^ sIL~~Iso
.~~ ^ .^Yn -y )1. I --^ -
-- V ^^-^g~^-^^.jIGL

it. I I I i

o10Ca I -)
ContCmt -ml 100 fa

4"4

i( T' -

143 AN T.

LAE
i ..L '

F1KI~4.7J1~TK

41 11 !I+27I1

A i I-tOI
r^ **c~o

- +.--L. .._
-7-'
J

/
--Sull"

LLLL2 1~IJ

Figure 3. Isopach of the La Crosse Sandstone.

!

. .

~--t-?--c-c~-c-

I 1I

I. J..AL .

I I I I,, !

>LJ

a

z
0

6L.

0
ul

r0u

SHALY
UNIT

SO. ULNJ

U
z

0!
U!

SUN
No.l-A Crapps
D.F. Eley. 41'

jI7

U

'ii

2
SUN
No.1 Crapps
D.F. Elev.70'

3
COASTAL
No.1 Sapp
D.F. Elev. 44'

SUN
No.1 Odom
D.F. Elev. 73'

- 18 Miles ----. -<--'---- 7 Miles --_---7 Miles 4--- Miles --

CIA

Sea level less 1900'

1

5
SUN
No.1 Russell
D.F Flev. 96'

0

0

I c

D. 4127

T.D. 4127

I

LA CROSSE
---:SANDSTONE

LOCATION of
T.D. 3507

I

CALCILUTITE METAMORPHIC SCORED
ICALCARENITEI Q QUARTZITIC SANDSTONE

I-- SHALE

[ CALCAREOUS | Z GLAUCONITIC

I'::':I:ISANDSTONE DOLOMITE | M MICACEOUS
S-CHALK MARL R REDDISH

T. D. 5104

-SOFT
-I-Moderotely SOFT
SIHARD

Figure 4. Stratigraphic-structural cross section (A-A') of Upper Cretaceous strata, Dixie County to Suwannee County.

LOCATION of CROSS SECTION
vr'- \ HAMILTON)
COLUMBIA
SSUWANNEE

LAFAYETTE ,

DIXIE
A GILCHRIST jALACHUA
DIXIE

@

i R;g gzi

i z t1- 4 -

---- -1- ----

I r=

==I

94

i -- i i-i" PI wvs

[

1 I

E- !6GR4E

r/4

. .

/

9-H
mg-

h1;4
bLT-L-r)

r

Pfj7 Tale-ozojs
Z-Md Lower
Crefoceous T.D. 3139

[

T. D. 3161

SUN
No.1 Bishop MICHAELS
O D.F. Elevation174' No.1 Ripley
u, O SUN SUN D.F. Elevationl57'
,z : 5 SU ; -7 Miles
No.1 Russell No.1 Johnson
-- D.F.Elevation 96' D.F.Elevation 87'
8 Miles

oL-

_T___SA DN EE50LTAY307
4, SEA LEVEL"--I
F f~s'- 7~~+~~ less 2150'
-,- "T. 8

-- ',.n oF44 / F':::;' AB-- CQB' .

ti -P-

T. D. 2827'

< t COLUMBIAO U

T. D.3138'

I --jSHALE
-: SANDSTONE

CHALK
MARL
S CALCILUTITE G IGLAUCONITIC
S CALCALCARENITE R REDDISH
I 'CALCAREOUS | 3 METAMORPHIC

SCORED

W -VerySOFT
|i JModeratelySOFT
|I HARD

LOCATION of AREA

Figure 5. Stratigraphic-structural cross section (B-B') of Upper Cretaceous strata, southern Suwannee County and Columbia County.

- '.I -, i,: -

z
Lt-

Ln Cx

LL I
vz n

0

z

LS~O
f_ LLI

z
41
zC

S -*-'-

-COMANCHE

K

-"
Y-

J

FIELDS and RANDALL SUN GULF SUN
No.1 Crawley No. Tillis No.1 Kie Vining No.1 Bishop
)D.F. Elevation 118' D.F. Elevation162' D.F.Elevationll7' D.F. Elevation 174'
15 Miles- 2---- I Miles -----()--- II Miles----
P4--- ------------------------
SEA LEVELf #
less 2000'

I p
c P 0

P-711 ~~~~ f-~~I ~

--t p

r-i
cu;llI L. fN

Af

.IE

,- fCZ-.aincns af Welil Na modified
-er te Southeastern Geological
S tu 4949)

0'----

T.D.3840'

"EEE

Eogle Ford
microfouno

r-f -

Woodbine
microfouno
r tr ?r- T T;

1- 0

.0

D0E AUSTIN AGE
SANDSTONE EAGLE FORD
.AGE?

r-SHALE
S1LT
III SANDSTONE

~I~i

T.D. 3572'

-As determined by the
Southeastern Geological Society 119491

0

0N

o -

I

Lf)
C-i

T. D. 3470'
H CHALK G IGLAUCONITICI R IREDD
MARL I- o n|Slightly
MARL L IGLAUCONITIC
Jl-IICALCILUTITE L LIGNITIC
S CALCARENITEF MICACEOUS
-- |CALCAREOUSl P pOROSITY

I

I LOCATION of CROS 5E CI IN I
ISH SCORED

I ]VerySOFT LOCATION of AREA
I |PR" -Moderately SOFT
---| |HARD

Figure 6. Stratigraphic-structural cross section (C-C') of Upper Cretaceous strata, northern Suwannee County and Columbia County.

C .. .fcrr --

1

i

M-0

A-

1 H 1.4 1 1 1

ZZ:- LC T

---

f

T.D. 2728'
HAM ILTOR)
_- i O C COLUMBIA
SUWANNEE2 CL

LA CROSSE
SANDSTONE :V LAFAYETTE \

X GILCHRIST iALACHUA
SDIXIE 1

~--~---tz

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

Source Rock
The La Crosse Sandstone is an isolated unit. It may have been derived from
Paleozoic and perhaps Lower Cretaceous 'outcrops exposed during the time it
was deposited, as indicated by figures 3 and 7. Possibly, also, transport of
material from these older beds through a depositional interface (Krumbein and
Sloss, 195, p. 5) may have contributed to the accumulation of the La Crosse
Sandstone.

DISCUSSION
It will be noted in the correlation chart of figure 8 that the La Crosse
Sandstone is the stratigraphic equivalent of either the entire interval of the
Eutaw Formation, as depicted in the Alabama surface section, or the upper part
of that formation, as shown on the subsurface section for Mississippi and
Alabama. However, the La Crosse Sandstone is lithologically different from the
Eutaw Formation, the approximate southeastern limit of which is in
southwestern-Alabama (the Applins, 1947, map No. 1). Certainly the lithologic
character of the La Crosse Sandstone differs from that of the Eutaw Formation
in that this northern Florida unit is composed of uniformly fine quartz grains,
and it is predominantly light tan to very pale orange in color, calcareous, soft,
rarely fossiliferous, and almost entirely without shale associations in most wells.
The Eutaw Formation, on the other hand, is described by Monroe, Conant and
Eargle (1946, p. 207-210) as sandstone which is gray and reddish tan,
cross-bedded, highly glauconitic, carbonaceous, macrofossiliferous, and with
disseminated clay and clay laminae. Sharks teeth ate present in the Eutaw
Formation, especially in its upper (Tombigbee) member, and locally in a basal
member.
STRUCTURE
The top of the La Crosse Sandstone is contoured on figure 9.

UPPER CRETACEOUS (GULF) SERIES
ATKINSON FORMATION
STRATIGRAPHY
PREVIOUS WORK
A comparison of the members and faunal zones into which the Atkinson
Formation of northern Florida, southern Alabama, and southern Georgia has
been divided by different authors, and the relationship of the formation to
stratigraphically equivalent units in bordering areas, are presented in the
correlation chart of figure 8.

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

cIng

flc r k. '

--~i < I--P

1-1, /MCK i'SM

4V.W LN AAE
17 j. 1
LL on +ffihe s
i PIS eL j

WARE 4uS

6 46
72f

.2 11 4 5 in r?)23 2
~drzs Area

9 1.
L J WARL J Y/ L

A4 CLA
L 7/ SU10 I

4r~ 553 7 5 1
rLr~

goE '4s Jam

f 24

MUSE +2 2
/N1 22 -
u K
Tb. ** lans ofd

A~~b- F. dA 5
IS _M OEI
rbh o ( d b.9 ad = f O
'A _Mb_(A& 19

ANGE~ r
Ibrito .1L
i4_.L
7 ~uh~P~a ~ ~ ~ "galm

C4
EAMANDO
LauCm bw o&a.PS
adynocaild tbrh~mmump
\ .Pb~oll~S L-T9
PAICO __

Figure 7. Upgraent limits of the mapped units of the Atkinson Formation, and of
Lower Cretaceous beds.

i

ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI and ALABAMA SOUTHERN ALABAMA SOUTHEAST ALABAMA SOUTHEASTERN
(Surface Section) MISSISSIPPI GEOLOGICAL SOUTHERN GEORGIA SOUTH GEORGIA GULF REGION
ONROECONANTand EAGLE SOCIETY and and (Subsurface) NORTH FLORIDA
NORTHEATTEXAS E P-RETAEOS CRETACEOUS COMMITTEE NORTH FLORIDA FLORIDA (Subsurface) Esther R.Appn, 1955 (Suburface)
(Surface Section) STRGRAPHYof WESTERN and
uLABAMA,AA G.BULLETIN (Subsurface) (Subsurface) SOUTHEASTERN GEOLOGICAL UTHERN GEORGIAand PRESENT REPORT
SOCIETY NO NL DA
VOL.30, pp.187-212,1946 CHART,FEBRUARY,1946 The APPLINS,1947 1949 The 67
AUSTIN CHALK SELMA GROUP EVILLE UP- DOW
nd (LOWER PRT) MOOREVILLE Z DIP DIP
and (LOWER PART) z 1111 w
EQUIVALENT E W FORMATION UPPE EUT EUTAWFORMATION' a s
AN EUTAW ORMATION UPPEREUTAW NWCEN LA CROSSE SANDSTONE
FORMATIONS INW.CENTRALALA- m

MoSHAN S LOWER
FORMATION w EUTAW
S : a z
-00 0Z
I- -- a -.
G OORDO UPPER : 4
FORMATION TUSCALOOSA a! \ I a
EAGLE L 1 AN
U FORD ------------- --- I a .

U FORMATION S MIDDL E S S
MIDDLE j / \ h ,. ,
F A TUSCALOOSA Z c z0 ,
0 a 0 4 0
t o o( 0 o

FORMATION Y BEDS 5 g 4 I a
WOODBINE w M A
L V) I-

FORMATION I MARINE PFOACIE8 /" O BASAL SAND UNIT
COTTONnDALEd LOWER a W amotly coarser
FORMATION TUSCALOOSA ALA. ./LITTORAL alle, wth
FACIES a ilt strIngera)
LOWER CRETACEOUS "LOWER CRETACEOUS LOWER CRETACEOUS LOWER CRETACEOUS
LOWER CRETACEOUS PALEOZOIC ROCKS COMANCHEAN (Undlifferentlated) (Undifferentiated) (Undifferentiated) (Undifferentiated)
The APPLNS,-

Figure 8. Correlations of the Atkinson Formation, and of the La Crosse Sandstone, northern peninsular Florida.

I

0

I
0

10 BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

i v: i82
j '- 1 ,__

i rcm~en RANTLEY
nr- I '.0

LL" F~hj7, -ft
44

~IN A

rir

i""Fl
32 CLAY MC8TS
a- 16 i

~~ CLAY+8R'T1E
OI L 1 0 1 a. aJ `
83 44

'150

Z, 0 fLAOER

20 4

VOLUSIA3
I .T 'I--

255 37 9

*-.

Figure 9. Structure map on top of the La Crosse Sandstone.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

Florida

Paul L. Applin and Esther R. Applin (1947) named the Atkinson Formation,
and showed it to be roughly the equivalent of the Tuscaloosa Group and McShan
Formation of Alabama. As proposed by the Applins in 1947, the Atkinson
Formation consisted of three members. The upper member,
"...(contains) three depositional facies...which in down-dip wells merge
vertically and laterally into each other. These are 1) a littoral or possibly
nonmarine unfossiliferous facies characterized by red shales, poorly sorted
sand, and some gravel; 2) A shallow-water marine faces composed chiefly of
sand with lesser amounts of greenish-gray shale and containing fragments of
molluscan shells; 3) a deeper water marine faces composed chiefly of
dark-green flaky shale with some fine-grained sandstone, and containing, in
addition to fragments of macrofossils, a microfauna which is closely similar to
that of the Eagle Ford shale of Texas."
The middle member,
"...was evidently deposited in a rather shallow-water marine environment and
contains a sparse but diagnostic microfauna of arenaceous foraminifera that is
related to the microfauna of the outcropping Woodbine formation of Texas.
Lithologically the member is composed chiefly of dark-gray to greenish-gray
flaky shale and dark brownish-gray to black splintery shale with some irregular
lenses of white speckled shale. The shale is usually micaceous biotitee and
muscovite), carbonaceous, silty and glauconitic."
The lower member,
"...is generally an unfossiliferous littoral or nonmarine deposit..that gradually
merges with an equivalent marine faces in which scattered lenses of shale
contain arenaceous species common in the microfauna of the overlying middle
Atkinson."

The Southeastern Geological Society (1949) published four cross sections
which included 16 northern Florida wells that were located in the area of the
present report, and in which the Atkinson Formation was divided into the Eagle
Ford and Woodbine microfaunal zones, rather than the three members
designated by the Applins in 1947. Some of these zonal determinations were
used in the present report.
Vernon (1951, fig. 16) followed the zonal divisions used by the Southeastern
Geological Society, but separated the two zones into shale and sand units; five
wells used in his report are included in this study.
Esther R. Applin (1955, p. 187), in order "To clarify the correlation of the
Atkinson Formation of the subsurface in the Southeastern gulf region with the
Eagle Ford and Woodbine formations of Texas," redefined the Atkinson
Formations "to consist of two members, an upper member of Eagle Ford age as
formerly used, and a lower member of Woodbine age consisting of the former
lower and middle members."

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

The Applins (1965, plate 10) published a cross section which shows for
several wells the depths from which diagnostic Woodbine fossils occurred in an
oolitic limestone facies which they describe, and which occurs in the lower part
of their lower member of the Atkinson Formation; they also show depths at
which a Washita fossil was found in rock which underlies the Upper Cretaceous
sequence. Four of the wells on this cross section are included in the present
report area. Other figures presented by the Applins in their 1965 report which
pertain to the present study area included 1) a structural cross section showing
the top of the Atkinson Formation, and of the Lower Cretaceous section, in
three wells (plate 9, cross section Y-Y), 2) a structural stratigraphic section
depicting the Applins' lower member of the Atkinson Formation, and the Lower
Cretaceous section, in two wells (plate 6, cross section V-V), and 3) a map
showing the approximate areal distribution of the lithofacies of the basal part of
the lower member of the Atkinson Formation (1965, fig. 45, p. 67).
Maher (1965, plates 2 and 8) published two cross sections that contained five
wells located in the area of this study.
The Applins (1967, plate 7) published two cross sections showing 13 wells
located in the area of the present report in which the Atkinson Formation was
divided into an upper and lower member as redefined by Esther R. Applin
(1955, p. 187). Also, the Applins' report (plate 3) presented maps showing the
areal distribution of the various lithofacies within their upper and lower
members, respectively, and the thicknesses of each of these members.
Georgia
Authors who have published on the stratigraphy of the southern Georgia area
included in this report are: the Applins (1944; 1947; 1967), the Mesozoic
Committee of the Southeastern Geological Society (1949), Hurst (1960),
Herrick (1961), Hull (1962), Herrick and Vorhis (1963), and Maher (1965).
USAGE IN THIS REPORT
In the area of study the Atkinson Formation is composed essentially of shale,
shaly sand, or shaly limestone in the upper part, and sand with minor shale
stringers in the lower portion. Thus, on the basis of predominant rock character,
the formation roughly divides into a shaly unit, and a basal sand unit, as shown
on the correlation chart of figure 8.
Assignment of the upper sediments of the Atkinson Formation to an Eagle
Ford Age, and the lower sediments to a Woodbine Age, was accomplished by the
Southeastern Geological Society (1949)in 16 Florida wells, by Vernon (1951) in
5 wells, and by the Applins (1965;1967) in 6 and 13 wells, respectively. The
upper shaly unit of the present report, which is mostly of Eagle Ford Age as
determined in the previous reports, includes an interval at its base of from 11 to
159 feet of sediments that were included in the Woodbine zone by the earlier

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

workers. For example, in the Sun, No. 1 Tillis well, as depicted in figures 6 and
10, the upper shaly unit and the basal sand unit of the present study are
separated at a depth of 3,260 feet, whereas the Southeastern Geological Society
places the upper boundary of the Woodbine microfaunal zone at 3,240 feet,
which is 20 feet into the upper shaly unit as used in the present report.
Separations of the Atkinson Formation into the shaly unit and the basal sand
unit in relatively difficult up-gradient areas is shown in figures 4, 5 and 6.
Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13 illustrate lithologic separations for four down-gradient
areas which are widely spaced, and within each of which local correlations are
fairly clear.
Criteria For Recognizing The Top of the
Atkinson Formation
For most of the report area the shaly lithology of the upper part (shaly unit)
of the Atkinson Formation is overlain by chalk, or marl, of Austin Age. The
contact between these distinctive lithologies is easy to recognize in cores or well
cuttings, or on electric logs.
--In up-gradient wells located high on the western flank of the Peninsular arch,
however, the La Crosse Sandstone (fig. 3) overlies the Atkinson Formation. The
La Crosse Sandstone is predominantly composed of quite uniform fine quartz
grains, and is light tan to very pale orange in color, calcareous, soft, rarely
fossiliferous, and almost entirely without shale associations in most wells. There
is a marked contrast, easily recognized in cores and well cuttings, between this
sandstone and the Atkinson Formation, which consists of shale and sand which
often is micaceous, glauconitic and phosphoritic, and in which the sandstones
commonly are of non-uniform grain size.

Criteria For Recognizing The Top of the
Basal Sand Unit, Atkinson Formation
As shown in figure 14, the lower part of the Atkinson Formation is a quartz
sandstone, fine to coarse grained, poorly sorted, soft and typically glauconitic,
phosphoritic and micaceous. Minor shale, silt and limestone stringers are present.
Figure 15 shows that the sand ranges from zero to 379 feet in thickness. The
eastern limit of this basal sand unit is in the southeastern part of the study area.
Beyond this line the stratigraphic equivalent of the unit consists of the shaly unit
of the Atkinson Formation; or (lower in the section) of the oolitic limestone
described by the Applins (1965, pl. 10). The contact between this unit and the
predominately shaly upper part of the Atkinson Formation is typically marked
by a sharp spontaneous potential excursion to the left on the electric log, and by
a corresponding increase in resistivity. Even in up-gradient areas in which the
contact between the upper shales and lower sands becomes somewhat
gradational, these electric log characteristics usually are apparent, though to a
less pronounced extent (figs. 4, 5, and 6).

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

The interval 3240-3323 is shown to contain
Woodbine microfouna by the Southeastern Geological
Society (1949, cross section D- D)

LITHOLOGY
'SHALE CHALK
S", SILT CALCILUTITE
SSANDSTONE,Fine CALCARENITE
j SANDSTONE,Medium CALCAREOUS
I SANDSTONE.Coanor

I G IGLAUCONITIC
a Slightly GLAUCONITIC SCORED
I I Slightly LIGNITIC SOFT
IM I MICACEOUS I I Moderately
I P Slightly PHOSPHORITIC HARD

Figure 10. Electric-lithologic section, Sun, No. 1 Tillis well, Suwannee County.

VT-

LOCATION of SETON

LITHOLOGY

I SHALE AMARL IGG Very GLAUCONITIC

:SILT gECALCILUTITE IfG- GLAUCONITIC

LI SANDSTONE. Fine P CALCARENITEI F I Slightly GLAUCONITIC -

E ISANDSTONE.Medium F77 DOLOMITE |MI MICACEOUS

E-IqCALCAREOUS m | Slightly MICACEOUS CORED

SSlightly PHOSPHORITIC I SOFT

R REDDISH I IMedium SOFT

Figure 11. Electric-lithologic section, Gulf, No. 1 Brooks-Scanlon,

Block 33 well, Taylor County.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

SP

>

4
i -

~^-r -

--

ur

-

u
u.
--m

gm
::CY:
::GU::
.bbY
m:
::GU:

i~d.
rbYI
GP
.GLI.

10:m

.:GU"
'''''
''"'

Gmp

--R

R

LIGHT TAN------ --
GRAY MISSILE -
OLIVr GREEN --
PLATY. FISSILE
LIGHT OWN -

OLIVE GREEN

BROWN
OIVUE GREEN -

TAN
OLIVE GREFAYN : -

GRAYISH BROW p 1 _

g ^ ^ L. -- --- -- -- --- --- -- ---
TAN
B G H T-GRO YN ~ .- _..""

LIGHT BRN ---

LIGHT CLAY
LIGHT GREEN

LIGHT BROWN \ _
CLEAR

W H RED >

COATING 55- -

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

Source Rock
The La Crosse Sandstone is an isolated unit. It may have been derived from
Paleozoic and perhaps Lower Cretaceous 'outcrops exposed during the time it
was deposited, as indicated by figures 3 and 7. Possibly, also, transport of
material from these older beds through a depositional interface (Krumbein and
Sloss, 195, p. 5) may have contributed to the accumulation of the La Crosse
Sandstone.

DISCUSSION
It will be noted in the correlation chart of figure 8 that the La Crosse
Sandstone is the stratigraphic equivalent of either the entire interval of the
Eutaw Formation, as depicted in the Alabama surface section, or the upper part
of that formation, as shown on the subsurface section for Mississippi and
Alabama. However, the La Crosse Sandstone is lithologically different from the
Eutaw Formation, the approximate southeastern limit of which is in
southwestern-Alabama (the Applins, 1947, map No. 1). Certainly the lithologic
character of the La Crosse Sandstone differs from that of the Eutaw Formation
in that this northern Florida unit is composed of uniformly fine quartz grains,
and it is predominantly light tan to very pale orange in color, calcareous, soft,
rarely fossiliferous, and almost entirely without shale associations in most wells.
The Eutaw Formation, on the other hand, is described by Monroe, Conant and
Eargle (1946, p. 207-210) as sandstone which is gray and reddish tan,
cross-bedded, highly glauconitic, carbonaceous, macrofossiliferous, and with
disseminated clay and clay laminae. Sharks teeth ate present in the Eutaw
Formation, especially in its upper (Tombigbee) member, and locally in a basal
member.
STRUCTURE
The top of the La Crosse Sandstone is contoured on figure 9.

UPPER CRETACEOUS (GULF) SERIES
ATKINSON FORMATION
STRATIGRAPHY
PREVIOUS WORK
A comparison of the members and faunal zones into which the Atkinson
Formation of northern Florida, southern Alabama, and southern Georgia has
been divided by different authors, and the relationship of the formation to
stratigraphically equivalent units in bordering areas, are presented in the
correlation chart of figure 8.

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

UTHOLOGY
J SHALE 1i CALCILUTITE I IGLAUCONITIC
aSILT P;9 CALCARENITE -I MICACEOUS
Lll SANDSTONE, Fine CALCAREOUS P PHOSPHORITIC
i ISANDSTONE.Medium R REDDISH
i- SANDSIONE.Coanae CORED
So CONGLOMERATE

I 1 SOFT
I Moderately SOP
I HARD

Figne 12. EIt ctuilithologic section, Coastal. No.1 Raglan welt Lev Countv-

LITHOLOGY:
SHALE
SILT
: SANDSTONE,Fine
SANDSTONE,Medium
SANDSTONE, Coarse

ETI CHALK
FACALCILUTITE
E CALCARENITE
- CALCAREOUS
SCONGLOM-
ERATE

GG Very GLAUCONITIC
SGLAUCONITIC SCORED
I = Slightly GLAUCONITIC SISOFT
SIP lightly PHOSPHORITIC MI Moderately SOFT
I= QUARTZITIC I HARD

Figure 13. Electric-lithologic section, Sun, No. 1 Camp well, Marion County.,

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

-" A
uo

SM4

t~tJ-*,&AJt~L.
,, 14 r ;'14.V

r' I- -
)Y" \ r~ L 2
14,P.-
i s~i p hlet. I it"r
J;- .~Ale

( r,, C r- cr~l Mks

---~ ,4 *

LITHOLOGY

_____ Shot$

1 Sondstonti'madiumirointe
11 S odtooec.aloo" grained
0=0 Conglomerate

E53 Liesitota
=-Zo iwr oas
=r- Clo~uca"Ific
=M Ilicageous
= P I~ophosphoiti
EJ Slightly RgliovaoRtiC
I= Slightly RUcatoull
P 3 Oihihllphoshoritic

nhE 8 TptaniRduit, Atkinony. F',
Cm:d iIrrOli
r intervrl not tored
110 W Amo boal ond.LOW AlkledWl
FOrmation
HARDNESS ofCOREDLTHOLOSY
r--7 soft
Medium oll

VERTICAL SCALE
FOR COLUMNS

F
E D
E
T

LO

Figure 14. Cored sections, basal sand unit of the Atkinson Formation.

k I- ILMILL. I LR&LLq

--i.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

0

EXPLANATION

Well Name

Ab.-Abl nt
ThItckneu(in 1feet), b. .d unit
(l) Thick.tln (n feel), Atklinln Frutlltill

Conlour inteml 50 fel
Note:
| Tntllt cisltri n Illlt uf thel baul und
unit Alkinlon I:otmalion.

94
_-4- ..

Figure 15. Isopach of the basal sand unit of the Atkinson Formation.

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

Criteia For Recogiing The Sediments Underlying The Atkinson Fromation
Over most of the report area the Atkinson Formation is underlain by Lower
Cretaceous sediments, but in a few wells the underlying sediments are either
rock of Upper Cretaceous Age, or Paleozoic rock. These underlying lithologies
will be discussed as a guide to determination of the bottom of the Atkinson
Formation.
a) The Lower Cretaceous Section
The top of this section usually must be determined from sample examination
alone, since it cannot be recognized on the electric log, and since it is rarely
cored- For these reasons it commonly is difficult to pick the top of this section
with exactness. Recognition of the Lower Cretaceous section is facilitated by
figure 16, which shows for selected wells the first lithology indicative of these
beds.
In the northern part of the Florida report area, and where most of the well
control of this study is located, the upper sediments of the Lower Cretaceous
section which underlie the Atkinson Formation consist of plastic rocks which are
slightly calcareous to non-calcareous. These sediments include pastel colored
sandstones; red, white and pastel colored siltstones or shales; clear and pastel
colored quartz pebbles; and light purple quartzite.
In the southern part of the report area light colored limestones or dolomites
are present at the top of the Lower Cretaceous section. However, here these
sediments do not immediately underlie the Atkinson Formation of the present
study, but rather are separated from it by the intervening oolitic limestone faces
of Upper Cretaceous Age, as discussed in the next paragraph.
b) An Oolitic Limestone Facies of Upper Cretaceous Age
Four wells in the southern part of the report area contain a sequence of white
and light gray oolitic limestone of Upper Cretaceous Age, having a maximum
thickness of 125 feet, as described by the Applins (1965, plate 10). This
sequence underlies the predominantly plastic Atkinson Formation as used in the
present report. These wells are:
Thickness Of The
Well County Oolitic Limestone Facies
Grace Drilling Co. Volusia 125 feet
No. 1 Retail Lbr.
Company.

Sun Oil Co. Volusia 45 feet
No. I Powell

Ohio Oil Co. Hernando 20 feet
No.1 Hernasco

Oil Development Co. Lake 10 feet
No. 2 Gulf Exploration
Company.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

LITHOLOGY SYMBOLS
SSmall pe:blescoarse groined
in size,clear
Sandstone, red,white or
pastel colored
Q uartzite, light purple
Siltstone,red,white or
Spastel colored
A Shale,color as above

Z= /Dolomite, pink
Limelstone,tan

EXPLANATION
46 Well number
4 Datum of top of Lower
-4044 Cretaceoul beds

Figure 16. First lithology indicative of the Lower Cretaceous section.

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

c) Paleozoic Rocks
Near the crest of the Peninsular arch, the Atkinson Formation is underlain by
quartzitic sandstones and shales of Paleozoic Age, as reported by Paul L. Applin
(1951, table 3) in the following wells:
Depth (and sub-sea depth)
to quartzitic sandstones and shales
Well County of Paleozoic Age

Tidewater Alachua 3135 feet
No. I Cato (-3023)

Tidewater Alachua 3170 feet
No 1 Parker (-3002)

Tidewater Alachua 3217 feet
No- I Phifer (-3085)

Tidewater Bradford 3140 feet
No. 1 Wiggins (-2999)
STRUCTURE
The structural top of the Atkinson Formation, and of the basal sand unit of-
that formation, are presented in figures 17 and 18. These maps are similar in
configuration to the structure of the top of the Lower Cretaceous section as
shown on figure 19, which incorporates the results and interpretations of many
other workers, including Jordon (1952, fig. 8) and Herrick and Vorhis (1963,
figs. 16,17 and 18).
Figure 20 is reproduced from Paul L Applin (1951, table 3) and shows that
the Paleozoic structure of the Peninsular arch is reflected in the up-gradient
limits, and general configuration, of Lower Cretaceous rocks as mapped in figure
19.
Offshore from the report area, mainland contours of the Lower Cretaceous
map are integrated with the results of seismic refraction surveys. Opposite the
east coast these contours are taken from a map by Sheridan, Drake, Nafe and
Hennion (1966, fig. 10, p. 1985) drawn on top of the Lower Cretaceous section.
The contours opposite the Georgia east coast were suggested by a map of the
prCretaceous basement by Antoine and Henry (1965, fig. 12, p. 608).
The Lower Cretaceous contours offshore from Dixie County in the Gulf of
Mexico were suggested by maps drawn on top of the Upper Cretaceous section
by Antoine and Harding (1963, figs. 6 and 7) on the basis of seismic refraction
studies. The Antoine and Harding maps reflect an isopach of Cenozoic sediments
prepared by Toulmin (1955, fig. 1, p. 1166).

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

"-_

EXPLANATION
37
4- Wenl Nh~

+
-382 BElNtion below level

Conto inter 200 fee

Ab.-Ahr.t

Figure 17. Structure map on top of the Atkinson Formation.

24 BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

A/

IrrI

N 00

*ARE PIERCE
li~r nc r~lr CINTO1H H

r-M! -I -3L~
Iourr CM-3
6~ 43
ri~

4P4E CCA4J O
50 C

E~33.3

T-

,Tz, ~00 00OZ4 E I~-
i ~~___ Ah

3 3339? -i
6- JLUVAILr

ifio I'm. I
34 -
3 a./~~,. I~~~,,,
UPD

to 6S.

aa

113 -P
138

;-T NIfII.

Airs, Abo.0I j SEMNOLF
jNo

r 14

I pi

Figure 18. Structure map on top of the basal sand unit of the Atkinson Formation.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60 25

Figure 19. Structure map on top of the Lower Cretaceous section.

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

Figur 20. Structure map on top of Paleozoic rocks.

as
+
+

&XI4.uiA"Tn

-tvd U X0-lmt

tC "r w hIt M)

I___ T
i~lC

Ir.

o

o

*fm .WM---Uf-C(tar PIL An

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

American Geophysical Union
1964 (and the U. S. Geological Survey) Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the
United States: (G. P. Woollard, Chairman). Scale 1:2,500,000

Antoine, John W.
1965 (and Harding, James L.) Structure of the Continental Shelf, northeastern
Gulf ofMexico: Reference 63-13T Texas A and M Univ.

1965 (and Henry, Vernon J., Jr.) Seismic refraction study of shallow part of
continental shelf off Georgia: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 49,
no. 5, p. 601-609, 12 fig., 1 table.

Applin, Esther R. (see Applin, Paul L.)
1955 A biofacies of Woodbine age in southeastern Gulf Coast region: U. S. Geol.
Survey Prof. Paper 264-1, 11 p., 1 fig.

Applin, Paul L.
1944 (and Applin, Esther R.) Regional subsurface stratigraphy and structure of
Florida and southern Georgia: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 28,
Sno. 12, p. 1673-1753, 1 table, 32 fig., 5 pl.

1947 (and Applin, Esther R.) Regional subsurface stratigraphy, structure, and
S correlation of Middle Cretaceous rocks in Alabama, Georgia and north
Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Oil and Gas Preliminary Chart 26 (in 3 sheets).

1951 Preliminary report on buried pre-Mesozoic rocks in Florida and adjacent
states: U. S. Geol. Survey Circ. 91, p. 1-28, 5 fig., 5 tables.

1965 (and Applin, Esther R.) The Comanche Series and associated rocks in the
subsurface in central and south Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Professional
Paper 447, 84 p., 11 pl., 53 fig., 2 tables.

1967 (and Applin, Esther R.) The Gulf Series in the subsurface in northern Florida
and southern Georgia: U. S. Geol. Survey Professional Paper 524-G, 34 p., 8
pL, 4 fig., 6 tables.

Berdan, Jean M. (see Bridge, Josiah)

Bridge, Josiah
1952 (and Berdan, Jean M.) Preliminary correlations of the Paleozoic rocks from
test wells in Florida and adjacent parts of Georgia and Alabama (included in
a guidebook for the field trip of the 44th annual meeting of the Assoc. Am.
State Geologists): Florida Geol. Survey, p. 29-38, 1 table, 1 fig.

Bonini, W. E. (see Woollard, G. P.)

Chen, Chih Shan
1965 The regional lithostratigraphic analysis of Paleocene and Eocene rocks of
Florida: Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 45, 105 p., 44 fig., 1 table.

Conant, Louis C. (see Monroe, Watson H.)

28 BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

Conant, Louis C. (see Monroe, Watson H.)

Drake, C. L (see Sheridan, R. E.)

Eargle, D. Hoye (see Monroe, Watson H.)

Ewing, John
1966 (and Ewing, Maurice, and Leyden, Robert) Seismic profiler survey of Blake
Plateau: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., V. 50, no. 9, p. 1948-1971,
17 fig., 2 tables.

Ewing, Maurice (see Ewing, John)

Harding, James L (see Antoine, John W.)

Hennion, J. (see Sheridan, R. E.)

Henry, Vernon J., Jr. (see Antoine, John W.)

Herrick, Stephen M.
1961 Wel logs of the coastal plain of Georgia: Georgia State Div. of Conservation,
Dept. of Mines, Mining and Geology Bull. 70, p. 1-462.

1963 (and Vorhis, Robert C.) Subsurface geology of the Georgia coastal plain:
Georgia State Div. of Conservation, Dept. of Mines, Mining and Geology
Information Circular 25, 12 tables, 28 fig., 78 p.

Hull, Joseph P. D., Jr.
1962 Cretaceous Suwannee Strait, Georgia and Florida: Am. Assoc. Petroleum
Bull, v. 46, no. 1, p. 118-122.

Hurst, Vernan J.
1960 Off tests in Georgia: Georgia State Div. of Conservation, Dept. of Mines,
Mining and Geology Information Circular 19, 4 fig., 14 p.

Jordan, Louise
1952 Preliminary notes on the Mesozoic rocks in Florida: A summary of the
geology of Florida and a guidebook to the Cenozoic exposures of a portion
of the State (included in a guidebook for the field trip of the 44th annual
meeting of the Assoc. American State Geologists): Florida Geol. Survey, p.
39-45, 2 fig.

Kmrmbeim, W. C.
1953 (and Sloss, L L.) Stratigraphy and sedimentation: W. H. Freeman and
Company, San Francisco, California.

Leyden, Robert (see Ewing, John)

Maher, John C.
1965 Correlations of subsurface Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks along the Atlantic
Coast: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists, p. 1-18, 9 pL, 1 fig., 1 table.

Meyer, R. P. (see Woollard, G. P.)

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

Monroe, Watson H.
1946 (and Conant, Louis C., and Eargle, D. Hoye) Pre-Selma Upper Cretaceous
stratigraphy of western Alabama: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v.
30, no. 2, p. 187-212, 30 figs.

Nafe, J. E. (see Sheridan, R. E.)

Puri, Harbans S.
1964 (and Vernon, Robert 0.) Summary of the geology of Florida and a
guidebook to the classic exposures: Florida Geol. Survey Special Publication
5, 4 tables, 37 fig., 11 plates, 312 p.

Schuchert, Charles
1955 Atlas of Paleographic maps of North America: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.,
New York.

Sheridan, R. E.
1966 (and Drake, C. L., Nafe, J. E., and Hennion, J.) Seismic refraction study of
continental margin east of Florida: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull.,
V. 50, no. 9, p. 1972-1991, 13 fig., 1 table.

Sloss, L. L. (see Krumbein, W. C.)

Southeastern Geological Society Mesozoic Committee
1949 Mesozoic cross sections A-A', B-B', CC., DDD, and E-E, prepared by the
Mesozoic Committee of the Southeastern Geological Society.

Toulmin, Lyman D.
1952 Volume of Cenozoic sediments in Florida and Georgia: Geol. Soc. American
Bull., v. 63, p. 1165-1176, 1 pl., 8 fig., 1 table.

Vernon Robert O. (see Purl, Harbans S.)
1951 Geology of Citrus and Levy counties, Florida: Fla. Geol. Survey Bull. 33,
256 p.

Vorhis, Robert C. (see Herrick, Stephen M.)

U. S. Geological Survey (see American Geophysical Union)

Woollard, G. P.
1957 (and Bonini, W. E., and Meyer, R. P.) A seismic refraction study of the
sub-surface geology of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and continental shelf
between Virginia and Florida: Tech. Report, contract no. N 7 onr 28512,
Geophysics Section, Dept. of Geology, Univ. of Wisconsin.

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60 31

APPENDIX I

APPENDIX L DATA ON FLORIDA AND GEORGIA WELLS IN THE REPORT AREA.

Division
of Geo, WeU
No. API No. Operator No. Foe Name

FLORIDA WELLS PROVIDING SUBSURFACE CONTROL USED IN THIS REPORT

W.36341 09-001-10004
(WA- 11S-19E-16 cc)
W-1465 09-00-10001
(WAa-8S 18E.23-dc)
W-1486 09-001-10003
(WAa-7SI9&F33 ad)
W-1472 09-001-10002
(WAa-9S21E.24 cb)

W-1500 09-003-10002
(WBk-1N-20E-21 ab)

W-2187 09-003-10003
(WBk-4S19E-7 aa)

W-1466 09-007-10001
(WBf-6S-20E-1 bd)

W-7534 09-017-10003
(WCI-17S18E-12 dc)
W-7534 09-017-10001
(WCi-9S-17E-8 ba)
er.

ALACHUA COUNTY
The Texas Co.

Tidewater Assoc. Oil

Tidewater Assoc. Oil

Tidewater Assoc. Oil

BAKER COUNTY
Hunt Oil Co.

Nat'! Turpentine and
Pulpwood Corp.

BRADFORD COUNTY
Tidewater Assoc. Oil

CITRUS COUNTY
Socony Mobil Oil Co.

Socony Mobil Oil Co.

1 Creighton

1 Cato

1 Parker

1 Phifer

1 Fee

1 Fee

1 Wiggins

1 Camp
Phos. Co.
1 Garby

Total
Depth
(ftet)

3,527

3,150

3,220

3,228

3,349

3,043

3,167

4,491

5,564

Elevation
(foet)

77 DF

112 DF

168 DF

132 DF

155 DF

141 DF

115 DF

13 DF

2Ths system, which designates the well location, is described in Appendix IL

No. on the
maps of
this report

8

9

1Acuiition numb

Division
of Geo.
No.

API No.

W-7538 09-017-10002
(WCI-17S-16E-25 ba)

W-1590 09-019-10001
(WCy-6S25E4 be)

W-2164 09023-10006
(WCo-4S-15.2)
W-1789 09-023-10001
(WCo-1N-17E-22 da)
W-7108 09-023-10009
(WCo4S18 E15 bd)
W-1981 09-023-10005
(WCO4S-17F.10 cb)
W-1915 09-023-10003
(WCo-4S-16-27 cb)
W-1923 09-023-10004
(WCo-SS17E-11 ac)
W-1832 09-023-10002
(WCo-2S-16E-24 bb)
W-7163 09-023-10008
(WCo-4S-17E-23 bb)

W-636 09-029-00001
(WDX-1 S-12E-7)
W-114 09-029-10001
(WDx-11S.11E aa)

No. on the
maps of
this report

APPENDIX L Contimed

Operator

Socony Mobil Co.

CLAY COUNTY
Humble Oil & Ref. Co.

COLUMBIA COUNTY
Gulf On Corp.

Humble Oil & Ref. Co.

Michael

Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oil Co.

Son On Co.

Sun Oil Co.

Thayer-Davis

DIXIE COUNTY
Fla. Oil Development

Stanolind Oil & Gas Co.

Fee Name

1 Harbond

1 Foremost
Properties

Kie Vining

Cone

Ripley

Bishop

Johnson

Lloyd

Sapp

Ripley

Putnam Lumber

Perpetual Forest

eln
No.

Total
Depth
(feet)

4,794

5,862

3,470

4,444

4,078

2,828

3,051

2,929

3,311

5,055

4,780

7,510

26 DF

33 DF

Elevation
(feet)

22 DF

115 DF

117 DF

141 DF

156 DF

174 DF

87 DF 0

129 DF 0

138 DF

173 DF

APPENDIX Contired

Division
of Geo.
No,

API No.

W.1863 09-029-10003
(WDx8S-10E-36 ab)
W.1405 09-029-10002
(WDx.8S-14&8E c)

W.1473 09-035.10002
(WFg.llS-28.8 de)

W-1003 09-041-10001
(WGr-9S-1 SE1S)
W-1819 09-041-10002
(WGr-8S-1 SE-12)

W-994 09-053-10001
(WHr-23S-18E-19 a)

W-1 854 09-065-10001
(W;-.2S-3&1 bc)
W-19 09-065-00002
(WJf-2N-SE-17)

W-1866 09-067-10003
(WLf-6S14E-18 de)
W-2000 09-067-10004
(WLf-SS-10E-36 aa)

Well
No.

Operator

Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oi Co.

Fee Name

1-A Crapps

I Langston

FLAGLER COUNTY
Humble OUi & Ref. Co.

GILCHRIST COUNTY
Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oil Co.

Campbell

Adams

I Williams

HERNANDO COUNTY
The Ohio Oil Co.

JEFFERSON COUNTY
Coastal Petroleum Co.

Southern States Oil Corp.

LAFAYETTE COUNTY
Coastal Petroleum Co.

Gulf Oil Corp.

Hernasco

I Larsh

I Miller & Gossard

1 Sapp

1 Brooks-Scanlon
Block 49

No. on the
maps of
this report

Total
Depth
(feet)

5,104

3,671

4,632

3,753

Elevation
(feet)

41 DF

33 DF

31 DF to

93 DF
0
77 DF

47 DF
<

S1 DF

220 DF

44 DF

DF

8,477

7,913

3,838

3,507

4,512

APPENDIX L Contimed

No. on the Division
maps of of Geo.
this report No. API No.

32 W-1696 09-067-10002
(WLf-4S-11E20 bb)
33 W-968 09-067-10001
(WLt-6S-12E-25 cb)

34 W-27S 09-069-00001
(WLk-24S-25E-17 dd)

35 W-1537 09-075-10003
(WL-I15S-13E-16 c)
36 W-166 09-075-00004
(WLY-1SS-13E-6 da)
37 W-2012 09-075-10005
(WLv-16S-17E-19 bb)
38 W-3342 09-075-10008
(WLv-13S-16E-31 ad)
39 W-1007 09-075-10001
(WLv-14S-17E-31 ac)

W-2357 09-079-00001
(WMd-IS-11E16 ba)
W-1 596 09-079-00002
(WMd- S-10Er6 cd)
W-1597 09-079-00003
(WMd-2S.1E-18 cc)
W-1598 09-079-00004
(WMd-2S-lI -S bb)

Operator

Humble 011 & Ref. Co.

Sn Oil Co.

LAKE COUNTY
All Florida Land Co.

LEVY COUNTY
Coastal Petroleum Co.

Hil and Lentjes

Humble Oil & Ref. Co.

Sphynx Syndicate

Sun Oil Co.

MADISON COUNTY
Hunt Oil Co.

Hunt Oil Co.

Hunt Oil Co.

Hunt Oil Co.

well
No. Fee Name

1 Henderson

1 Crapps

Total
Depth
(feet)

4,235

4,133

2 Gulf Exploration Co.6,129

Ragland

Cedar Key

Robinson

Prudential

Goethe

Gibson

Gibson

Gibson

Gibson

5,850

4,010

4,609

3,857

3,997

3,380

5,385

3,667

4,096

Elevation
(feet)

52 DF

70 DF

120 DF

0
14 DF g

25 DF

56 DF

26 DF

34 DF P
9

86 DF

107 DF

89 DF

73 DF

APPENDIX I. Continued

Division
of Geo.
No,

API No,

W.901 09-083-00001
(WMr-13S-20E25 ab)
W.I 8 09-083-00003
(WMr-6S-20E.10 ad)
W-1482 09-083-10001
(WMr-16S-23E16 cb)
W-1904 09-083-10002
(WMr-14S-22E-24 bd)

W-336 09-089-00001
(WNa-4N-24E-19 ad)

W-3673 09-095-10001
(WOr-23S.31E-21 cd)

W-1514 09-107-10001
(WPu-9S25E-19 aa)
W-1838 09-107-10002
(WPu-11S-26E-37)

W-2255 09-121-10005
(WSw-2S-13E-6 cc)
W-2784 09-121-10007
(WSw-3S-13E25 cb)

Operator

MARION COUNTY
Cosden

Ocala Oil Corp,

Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oil Co.

NASSAU COUNTY
St. Marys River Oil Corp.

ORANGE COUNTY
Warren Petroleum Corp.

PUTNAM COUNTY
Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oil Co.

SUWANNEE COUNTY
Fields and Randall
Drilling Co.
Humble Oil and Ref. Co.

Well
No.

Fee Name

I Lawson

York

1 Camp

Parker

1 Hilliard

1 Terry

1-A Roberts

I Westbury

Crawley

Taylor

No, on the
maps of
this report

Total
Depth
(feet)

4,334

6,180

4,637

3,845

4,824

6,589

3,328

3,892

3,840

3,684

206 DF

32 DF

118 DF

110 DF

Elevation
(feet)

165 DF

77 DF

74 DF

79 DF

0
110 DF
t0

100 DF 0
<

APPENDIX L Contimed

Division
of Geo.
No.

API No.

No. on the
maps of
this report

54

55

56

57

Operator

McCord

Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oil Co.

Sun Oil Co.

W-1827 09-121-10003
(WSw-3S12E-28 aa)
W-1450 09-121-10001
(WSw-SS-15E-31 bb)
W-1924 09-121-10004
(WSwSS-15E-S bb)
W- 548 09-121-10002
(WSw2S-15E-28 dc)

W-2106 09-123-10003
(WTy-4S-9-18 dd)
W-2161 09-123-10004
(WTy-6S-9E17 bd)
W-2099 09-123-10002
(WTy-8S-9E-9)
W-1877 09-123-10001
(WTy-5S-6E-12 bb)
W-6505 09-123-10006
(WTy-4S-4E-11 ad)

W-1746A 09-127-10002
(WVo-15S30E-2 ab)
W-1118 09-127-10001
(WVo-17S-31E-1 cc)

Well
No.

1-B

1I

1

1

Fee Name

Starling

Odom

Russell

Tlis

1 Brooks-Scanlon
block 33
1 Brook-Scanlon
block 37
1 Brooks-Scanlon
block 42
1 Hodges

-A Buckeye Cellulose

Total
Depth
(feet)

3,80

3,161

3,139

3,572

5,243

4,877

5,517

6,254

4,150

1 Retail Lumber Co. 5,425

1 Powel Land Co. 5,958

TAYLOR COUNTY
Gulf Oil Corp.

Gulf Oil Corp.

Gulf Oil Corp.

Humble Oil and Ref. Co.

Mattaliano

VOLUSIA COUNTY
Grace Drilling Co.

Sun Oil Co.

Elevation
(feet)

90 DF

73 DF

96 DF

162 DF

96 DF

67 DF

41 DF

36 DF

14 DF

44 DF

48 DF

APPENDIX I. Continued
No, on the Division Total
maps of of Geo Well Depth Elevation
this report No, API No, Operator No, Fee Name (feet) (feet)

FLORIDA WELLS OMITTED FROM ORIGINAL LISTING

LAFAYETTE COUNTY(logs not released for publication as of August 15, 1967)
93 W-7440 09.067.10005 Jett-Phillips 1 Buckeye Cellulose et al

OFFSHORE CITRUS COUNTY (permit not drilled as of August 15, 1967)
94 W- Mobil 1 St. Lease 224-A
(WCi-offshore) Form A

OFFSHORE LEVY COUNTY (permit not drilled as of August 15, 1967)
95 W- Mobll 1 St. Lease 224-A
(WLv-offshore) Form B

GEORGIA WELLS PROVIDING SUBSURFACE CONTROL USED IN THIS REPORT
ATKINSON COUNTY
65 W-887 Sun Oil Co. 1 Doster and Ladson 4,282 222

BROOKS COUNTY
66 W-1888 Hughes 1-B Rogers 3,850 133

CAMDEN COUNTY
67 W-1732 The California Co. 1 Bule 4,969 65

CHARLTON COUNTY
68 South Penn Oil Co. 1 Mizell 4,579 35

CLINCH COUNTY
69 W-1757 Sun Oil Co. 1 Barlow 4,232 177

No. on the
maps of
this report

WAYNE COUNTY
78 Humble Oil and Ref. Co.

API No.

Division
of Geo.
No.

W-1814

W-1603

W-1600

W-2109

APPENDIX L Continued

Operator

COLQUITT COUNTY
Arrington

ECHOLS COUNTY
Hunt Oil Co.

Hunt Oil Co.

Hunt Oil Co.

GLYNN COUNTY
Humble Oil and Ref. Co.
La Rue

LIBERTY COUNTY
La Rue

MITCHELL COUNTY
Stanolind Oil and Gas Co.

1 Superior
Pine Products
3 Superior
Pine Products
4 Superior
Pine Products

2 Union Bag
1 Massey

1 Jelks-Rodgers 4,264

1 Pullen

1 Union Bag

OTHER GEORGIA WELLS IN THE MAP AREA
APPLYING COUNTY
Felsenthal-Weatherford 1

Wel
No.

Fee Name

1 Adams

Total
Depth
(feet)

4,910

3,850

4,000

3,913

4,642
4,615

Elevation
(feet)

270 ?

181

144

155
0
z

26

338
0

7,490

4,551

79 WGI-474

Bradley

4,098 231 ?

API No.

No, on the
maps of
this report

GLYNN COUNTY
89 Humble Oil and Ref. Co.

PIERCE COUNTY
Hinton-Clark
Pan Am. Pet. Corp.

WAYNE COUNTY
Calco

Well
No,

Fee Name

Division
of GOo,
No.

APPENDIX L Contimed

Operator

BRANTLEY COUNTY
Humble Oil and Ref. Co,

CLINCH COUNTY
Ballard

Brady-Belcher at aI
Hunt Oil Co.
Hunt Oil Co.

COFFEE COUNTY
Carpenter Oi Co.

CRISP COUNTY
Kerr-McGee Oil

ECHOLS COUNTY
Humble Oil and Ref. Co.
Hunt Oil Co.

Total
Depth
(feet)

4,512

4,232

4,588
4,088
3,410

4,151

5,010

1 Bennett & Langsdale4,182
2 Superior 4,066
Pine Products

1 McDonald

1 Adams-McCaskldl
1 Adams-McCaskill

Elevation
(feet)

213

110 ?
148
171

364

179

142 T

4,740 23

4,355' 75 ?
4,315 75 T

Brunswick Peninsula4,625

1 Hellemn

1-A Timber
Products Co.
1 Griffi
1 Musgrove
2 Muagrove

1 Knight

1 Pate

W-3982

WGI-541
W-1638

87
88

W-2110
W-1599

*

73

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60

APPENDIX II

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY WELL AND LOCALITY DESIGNATION SYSTEM
The locality and wel numbering system is based on the location of the
locality or well, and uses the rectangular system of section, township, and range
for identification. The number consists of five parts. These are: 1) a prefix of
three letters designating L for locality or W for well and county abbreviation, 2)
the quarter/quarter location within the section, 3) the section, 4) the township,
and 5) the range.
The basic rectangle is the township which is 6 miles square. It is consecutively
measured by tiers both north and south of the Florida base line-an east-west
line that passes through Tallahassee. This basic rectangle is also consecutively
measured both east and west of the principal meridian-a north-south line that
passes through Tallahassee. In recording the township and range numbers, the T
is left off the township numbers, and the R is left off the range numbers. Each
township is divided equally into 36 square miles called sections, and are
numbered I through 36 as shown on the attached diagram.
The sections are divided into quarters with the quarters labeled "a" through
"d" as shown on diagram. In turn, each of these quarters is divided into quarters
with these quarter/quarter squares labeled "a" through "d" in the same manner.
The "a" through "d" designation of quarters may be carried to any extent
deemed useful.
The location of the well WLn-2N-2E-21 db shown on the diagram would be in
the center of the southeast quarter of the northeast quarter of section 21,
township 2 north, range 2 east.
When there is more than one well or locality in a square 40-acre tract
(quarter/quarter section) they are identified by either an additional quarter
designation or by a sixth arbitrary accession number at the end of the range unit.
The abbreviations used for counties are:
Alachua Aa Escambia Es
Baker Bk Flagler Fg
Bay By Franklin Fk
Bradford Bf Gadsden Ga
Brevard By Gilchrist Gr
Broward Bw Glades GI
Calhoun Cn Gulf Gf
Charlotte Ch Hamilton Hm
Citrus Ci Hardee Hd
Clay Cy Hendry Hy
Collier Cr Hernando Hr
Columbia Co Highlands Hi
Dade Dd Hillsborough HI
DeSoto Ds Holmes Ho
Dixie Dx Indian River Ir
Dural Du Jackson Jk

INFORMATION CIRCULAR NO. 60 43

Jefferson Jf Pasco Ps
Lafayette Lf Pinellas Pi
Lake Lk Polk Po
Lee Le Putnam Pu
Leon Ln St. Johns Sj
Levy Lv St. Lucie SI
Liberty Lb Santa Rosa Sr
Madison Md Sarasota Sa
Manatee Mn Seminole Se
Marion Mr Sumter Sm
Martin Mt Suwannee Sw
Monroe Mo Taylor Ty
Nassau Na Union Un
Okaloosa Oa Volusia Vo
Okeechobee Oe Wakulla Wk
Orange Or Walton WI
Osceola Os Washington Ws
Palm Beach Pb

BUREAU OF GEOLOGY

R 3 E
6 5 4 3 2 1

7 8 9 10 11 12

18 17 16 15 14 13

19 20 21 22 23 24

30 29 28 27 26 25

31 32 33 34 35 36

a ib
a -..-- ------
c d

c d

Division of a section into
quarters of approx. 160
acres and division of a
quarter section into
quarters of approx. 40
acres.

SECTIONIZED TOWNSHIP

NOTE:
A well in Leon County,Township 2 North,
Range 2 East, Section 21, located in the
center of the southeast quarter of the
northeast quarter would be designated
thus:

WLn-2N-2E-21 db

f

FLRD GEOLOSk ( IC SUfRiW

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
[year of publication as printed] Florida Geological Survey [source text]

The Florida Geological Survey holds all rights to the source text of
this electronic resource on behalf of the State of Florida. The
Florida Geological Survey shall be considered the copyright holder
for the text of this publication.

Under the Statutes of the State of Florida (FS 257.05; 257.105, and
377.075), the Florida Geologic Survey (Tallahassee, FL), publisher of
the Florida Geologic Survey, as a division of state government,
makes its documents public (i.e., published) and extends to the
state's official agencies and libraries, including the University of
Florida's Smathers Libraries, rights of reproduction.

The Florida Geological Survey has made its publications available to
the University of Florida, on behalf of the State University System of
Florida, for the purpose of digitization and Internet distribution.

The Florida Geological Survey reserves all rights to its publications.
All uses, excluding those made under "fair use" provisions of U.S.
copyright legislation (U.S. Code, Title 17, Section 107), are
restricted. Contact the Florida Geological Survey for additional
information and permissions.

	Title Page
	Preface
	Table of Contents
	Introduction, Purposes, Acknow...
	Upper Cretaceous (Gulf) Series:...
	Selected bibliography
	Appendix I
	Appendix II

MILLISECOND	CLASS.METHOD	MESSAGE
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor	Application State validated or built
0	sobekcm_database.verify_item_lookup_object
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor	Navigation Object created from URI query string
0	sobekcm_database.verify_item_lookup_object
0	sobekcm_page_globals.display_item	Retrieving item or group information
0	sobekcm_page_globals.get_entire_collection_hierarchy	Retrieving hierarchy information
0	sobekcm_assistant.get_entire_collection_hierarchy
0	cached_data_manager.retrieve_item_aggregation
0	cached_data_manager.retrieve_item_aggregation	Found item aggregation on local cache
0	item_aggregation_builder.get_item_aggregation	Found 'all' item aggregation in cache
0	system.web.ui.page.page_load (ufdc.page_load)
0	sobekcm_page_globals.constructor.on_page_load
0	html_echo_mainwriter.add_style_references	Adding style references to HTML
0	html_echo_mainwriter.add_text_to_page	Reading the text from the file and echoing back to the output stream
47	html_echo_mainwriter.add_text_to_page	Finished reading and writing the file