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| Front Cover | |
| Title Page | |
| Letter of transmittal | |
| Table of Contents | |
| List of Tables | |
| Introduction | |
| Geology | |
| References | |
| Back Cover |
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Front Cover
Front Cover 1 Front Cover 2 Title Page Page i Page ii Letter of transmittal Page iii Page iv Table of Contents Page v Page vi List of Tables Page vii Introduction Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Geology Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 References Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Back Cover Back Cover 1 Back Cover 2 |
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STATE OF FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Tom Gardner, Executive Director DIVISION OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Jeremy A. Craft, Director FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Walter Schmidt, State Geologist BULLETIN NO. 60 GEOLOGY OF WAKULLA COUNTY, FLORIDA BY Frank Rupert and Steve Spencer Published for the FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Tallahassee QE 1988 99 .A3 n. 60 c. 2 \ STATE OF FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Tom Gardner, Executive Director DIVISION OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Jeremy A. Craft, Director FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Walter Schmidt, Sfafe Geologist BULLETIN NO. 60 GEOLOGY OF WAKULLA COUNTY, FLORIDA BY Frank Rupert and Steve Spencer Published for the FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Tallahassee 1988 DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES BOB MARTINEZ Governor Jim Smith Secretary of State Bill Gunter Treasurer Betty Castor Commissioner of Education Bob Butterworth Attorney General Gerald Lewis Comptroller Doyle Conner Commissioner of Agriculture Tom Gardner Executive Director LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Bureau of Geology August 1988 Governor Bob Martinez, Chairman Florida Department of Natural Resources Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Dear Governor Martinez: The Florida Geological Survey, Division of Resource Management, Department of Natural Resources, is publishing as its Bulletin No. 60, Geology of Wakulla County, Florida, prepared by Frank Rupert and Steve Spencer. This report fulfills a need for information on the stratigraphy of Wakulla County, which is fundamental to ground-water resource investigations and land use planning. Information on mineral resources is also presented, along with data helpful to other agencies, planners, and the citizens of Florida. Respectfully yours, Walter Schmidt, Ph.D. State Geologist and Chief Florida Geological Survey Printed for the Florida Geological Survey Tallahassee 1988 ISSN 0271-7832 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction....................................................................... 1 Purpose.........................................................................1 Location and Extent...............................................................1 Previous Investigations............................................................1 Maps...........................................................................4 Well and Locality Numbering System................................................4 Metric Conversion Factors.........................................................4 Geology.......................................................................... 4 Geomorphology..................................................................4 Marine Terraces................................................................7 Woodville Karst Plain............ ..............................................7 Lake Munson Hills...........................................................10 Wakulla Sand Hills...........................................................10 River Valley Lowlands........................................................10 St. Marks River............................................................10 Wakulla River.............................................................11 Coastal Marsh Belt..........................................................11 Apalachicola Coastal Lowlands.................................................11 Ochlockonee River Valley Lowlands............................................11 Sopchoppy River and Lost Creek...............................................12 Sinks........................................................................ 12 Springs......................................................................12 Indian Springs..............................................................12 .. Kini Spring.................................................................12 Newport Spring.............................................................12 Panacea Mineral Springs................................................'.....13 River Sink Spring............................................................13 Wakulla Springs.............................................................13 Spring Creek Springs.........................................................19 Stratigraphy.................................................................... 19 Paleozoic Erathem.............................................................19 Mesozoic Erathem.............................................................23 Cenozoic Erathem.............................................................23 Tertiary System.............................................................23 Paleocene Series..........................................................23 Upper Paleocene Wilcox Group Undifferentiated.......................................................23 Eocene Series.............................................................24 Lower Eocene Wilcox Group Undifferentiated................................24 Middle Eocene..........................................................24 Avon Park Formation...................................................24 Upper Eocene...........................................................25 Ocala Group..........................................................25 Oligocene Series..........................................................26 Lower Oligocene........................................................26 Suwannee Limestone..................................................26 Miocene Series............................................................28 Lower Miocene..........................................................28 St. Marks Formation...................................................28 Hawthorn Group Torreya Formation.....................................30 Middle Miocene.........................................................30 Bruce Creek Limestone.................................................30 Intracoastal Formation.................................................30 Pliocene Series...........................................................33 Upper Pliocene..........................................................33 Jackson Bluff Formation................................................33 Pleistocene and Holocene Series............................................33 Structure.....................................................................33 The Peninsular Arch.........................................................33 The Apalachicola Embayment.................................................34 The Chattahoochee Anticline..................................................35 The Gulf Trough.............................................................35 The Ocala Platform..........................................................35 Groundwater..................................................................35 The Floridan aquifer system...................................................36 Potentiometric Surface.......................................................36 Mineral Resources........ ....................................................36 Clay.......................................................................36 Limestone..................................................................38 Sand ...................................................................... 38 Phosphate..................................................................39 Peat.......................................................................40 Heavy Minerals..............................................................40 Petroleum..................................................................40 References.......................................................................41 FIGURES Figure Page 1 Map showing location of study area........................................2 2 Index to topographic map coverage of Wakulla County........................3 3 Well and locality numbering system........................................5 4 Marine terraces of Wakulla County.........................................8 5 Geomorphic map of Wakulla County........................................9 6 Wakulla Mastodon recovery, Wakulla Springs, 1930 .......................... 14 7 The Wakulla Mastodon skeleton..........................................15 8 Cross section of the Wakulla Cave (Olsen, 1958)............................. 16 9 Block diagram of the Wakulla Springs conduit system........................17 10 East-West diagrammatic stratigraphic section in Wakulla County..............20 11 Geologic cross section location map......................................21 12 Geologic cross section A-A'..............................................22 13 Geologic cross section B-B'..............................................23 14 Geologic cross section C-C..............................................24 15 Geologic cross section D-D'..............................................25 16 Geologic cross section E-E'..............................................26 17 Structure contour map of the top of the Suwannee Limestone..................27 18 Structure contour map of the top of the St. Marks Formation...................29 19 Columnar section, W-16053, National Forest No. 1 Core.......................31 20 Columnar section, W-16020, Mackery No. 1 Core.............................32 21 Principal subsurface structures of north Florida.............................34 22 Potentiometric surface map of the Floridan aquifer system in Wakulla County .... 37 TABLES Table Page 1 Wells cited in this study...................................................6 2 Sieve analyses of sand samples...........................................39 figwilHI auitWCE LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 3 1262 05552 5975 BUREAU OF GEOLOGY FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Walter Schmidt, Chief Peter M. Dobbins, Admin. Asst. Alison Lewis, Librarian Jessie Hawkins, Custodian Sandie Ray, Secretary GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS SECTION Thomas M. Scott, Senior Geologist/Administrator Jon Arthur, Geologist Jim Jones, Draftsman Paulette Bond, Geologist Ted Kiper, Draftsman Ken Campbell, Geologist Jacqueline M. Lloyd, Geologist Cindy Collier, Secretary John Morrill, Core Driller Joel Duncan, Research Asst. Albert Phillips, Asst. Driller Richard Howard, Laboratory Tech. Frank Rupert, Geologist Richard Johnson, Geologist Frank Rush, OPS Lab. Tech. OFFICE OF MINERAL RESOURCE INVESTIGATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY SECTION J. William Yon, Senior Geologist/Administrator David Allison, Research Asst. Ron Hoenstine, Geologist Melissa Doyle, OPS Draftsman Ed Lane, Geologist Roger Durham, Research Asst. Steve Spencer, Geologist Mike Weinberg, Research Asst. OIL AND GAS SECTION Brenda Brackin, Secretary Robert Caughey, Prof. Eng. Joan Gruber, Secretary Scott Hoskins, Geologist L. David Curry, Administrator George Heuler, Research Asst. I Barbara McKamey, Secretary Pete Parker, Geologist Joan Ragland, Geologist Charles Tootle, Engineer A31262055525975A DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY This public document was promulgated at a total cost of $3,261.15 or a per copy cost of $4.35 for the purpose of disseminating geologic data. |
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