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Metadata Research and
Application in Tiie Management of Digital Collections Mark Sullivan University of Florida Libraries Digital Library of the Caribbean Introduction • What is metadata? • Standards • Standards Comparison What is metadata? What is metadata? What is metadata? UF UNIVERSITY of FLORIDA Mark V. Sullivan Programmer, Systems Department George A. Smathers Libraries 200 Smathers Library 352-273-2900 P.O. Box 11 7007 352-846-3702 Fax Gamcsvilic. FL 326] 1-7007 marsulla ut1ib.ufl.edu Library and Museum Metadata Museum Metadata Greek Vase 470 - 460 BC 35 centimeters Odysseus and Eumaios the Swineherd from Homer's story of the Odyssey Museum Metadata Format: Greek Vase Date: 470 - 460 BC Height: 35 centimeters Title: [Greek Vase of Odysseus and Eumaios the Swineherd] Notes: from Homer's story of the Odyssey Library and Museum Metadata Library and Museum Metadata Title: L' Isle St. Domingue Altérnate Title: Atlas portatif Universal.. Physical Desc: I Map.: col ; 17 x 22 cm on sheet 23 x 32 cm. French Robert de Vaugondy, Gilíes , 1688-1766 1749 Paris 1749 Maps ~ Early works to 1800 Maps ~ Early works to 1800 single map ( marcgt) Maps (¡csh ) Early works to 1800 (¡csh ) Spatial Coverage: Haiti, Dominican Republic Note: Outline color. Language: Creator: Date: Place of Rubí: Subjects: Genre: West Indies (¡csh ) Hispaniola (¡csh) Library and Museum Metadata Reflexiones sobre temas educativos Library and Museum Metadata Title: Physical Desc: Language: Creator: Publisher: Date: Subject: Avanzamos o retrocedemos?: reflexiones sobre temas educativos I65p. Spanish Radhames Mejia Santo Domingo : PUCMM/CIEDHUMANO 2010 Educación - República Dominicana - Ensayos, conferencias, etc. Abstract: Este libro recoge una serie de arta-culos sobre temas educativos publicados en los aos 2006 y 2007 en el periódico El Caribe. En su mayorÁ-a son reflexiones alrededor de asuntos de la agenda educativa nacional que iban apareciendo o, que de manera estructural, caracterizan a la educación dominicana. Identifier: RD 370.97293 M516a /sbn-9789945415339 Library Metadata £cDrLOAlc ^liaory^ «coactoivtr Ics^ ati^l 144 Ichiishi, TatHUTD* VI 23 Oaúiú ih«Dry lor econvoic analysle / 1933 Taíbufo IchliBhl* — Kow York ; &cad«ulc Presst 1953* xt 16 4 p. t ill. ; 24 cjfi* —: . ;; (Ecanamic: th«oryf Acoaouatricsf eind ^1:'.^ matlieiiatical ec^o]aa[Illc:4l ) ;;-..-^ Biblioirraphy: p. I51-te6. ¿í x ^r'M-! -■' IncLudea lnctejc«B* .. , .-^ .-/^ "„■. ■■■■^^■.;■:■: ISBN ü-12-J70iaO-& :.../■ ■■.■*.-^^=í^=:í-.; %-ÍÍÍ;¿¿ÍV. .: -.r^-vv^p^í^^; ;-1:.^1^"'^>:r:^" "■:■■.■ t* CiAúie theory* 2* EquJ^Ubrlun tEcononíi^^ J I* Titla II. Serias '■■^^- ''■.■/:.í¿ ■^-^í.': UnStpaGl9 DEC 34 3é27S97 HltOAnt B2-11554 Library Metadata - MARO FMT BK LDR 00897pam^2200313'^aH500 008 820706s1983'^^nyua^^^^^b^^^001|0^eng^ 010 |a ^82011554^ 020 |a 0123701805 035 |a (OCoLC:;08627997 035 9 |a.ACB4513|bUF 040 |aDLC|cDLC|dFUG 049 |a FLGA 050 Ü |aHB144|b .128 1983 082 0 |a330/.01/5193|2 19 100 10 |a Ichiishi, Tatsuro. 245 10 ja Game theory for economic anaiysis / je Tatsuro Ichiishi. 260 0 |a New York: |b Academic Press, |c 1983. 300 |ax, 164p.: |b ill.; |c24cm. 490 0 |a Economictheory, econometrics, and mathematical economics 504 ja Bibliography: p. 151-156. 500 ja Includes indexes. 599 ja nigh 650 0 |a Game theory. 650 ü |a Equilibrium (Economics; Metadata Standards Why Metadata Standards? standards "The nice thing about standards is there are so many to choose from." - Andrew Tannenbaum ( 1988 ) Types of Metadata Standards • Bibliographic Description • IVletadata "Wrappers" and Transport • Collection Descriptions • Other Standards • Authority Standards • Proprietary Standards • etc.. Types of l\/]etadata Standards • Bibliographic Description • Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport • Collection Descriptions • Other standards • Authority Standards • Proprietary Standards • etc.. Bibliographic Description Standards • MARC • Dublin Core • MODS • VRA Core Bibliographic Description Standards: MARC • MARC • Originally developed in 1960s by Library of Congress • Most embraced metadata standard in libraries • MARC 21 • Combination of USMARC and CAN/MARC • Metadata standard for 21^* century • MarcXML • Same MARC format, except encoded in XML Bibliographic Description Standards: MARC • MARC • Positives: • Can encode a very granular amount of data • Very well adopted and works well with machine readers • Negatives • Not very human-readable • High learning curve • Mixes data with display (as commonly implemented) Bibliographic Description Standards: DC • Dublin Core • Originally developed between 1994 and 1995 in Dublin Ohio by OCLC • Used widely on web pages to assist search engines • Simplified Dublin Core Title Creator Subject Description Publisher Contributor Date Type Format Identifier Source Language Relation Coverage Rights Bibliographic Description Standards: DC • Dublin Core • Qualified Dublin Core • Added three elements (Audience, Provenance, RightsHolder) • More importantly, added some basic refinements • Positives • Widely accepted and easy to read and encode • Negatives • Even with qualified dublin core, difficult to encode complex data • Lack of data refinement leads to loss of Ul options Bibliographic Description Standards: MODS • Metadata Object Description Scheme • Developed in 2002 by Library of Congress • Beginning to be the de facto standard for digital libraries (MODS/METS) • Positives • Can handle a (large) subset of MARC tags • Handles complex objects and can easily be extended • Negatives • Hard to do round trip portability from MARC ^ MODS ^ MARC Bibliographic Description Standards: VRA Core • Visual Resource Association • Developed in 1996 by Visual Resource Association • Used for describing visual/cultural materials • Includes all the standard tags • Date, Title, Description, Rights, Subject, etc.. • Also more unique tags • Cultural Context • Style • Technique Bibliographic Description Standards • MARC • Dublin Core • MODS • VRA Core Types of Metadata Standards • Bibliographic Description • Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport • Collection Descriptions • Other Standards • Authority Standards • Proprietary Standards • etc.. Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport • Contents • Files and Structural data • Administrative data • Choices • IVIETS • OAI-PIVIH • No wrapper necessary Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport: METS • Metadata Encoding & Transmission Standard • Standard by Library of Congress (2001) • Contains • Descriptions section(s) • Administrative section(s) • File section(s) • Structure map(s) • Accepts any XML schema Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport: OAI-PMH • Open Archives Initiative - Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (2000-2001) • Defines a protocol (over HTTP) • Main Verbs • Identify • ListMetadataFormats - usually dublin core (99%) • ListSets • ListRecords Types of Metadata Standards • Bibliographic Description • Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport • Collection Descriptions • Other Standards • Authority Standards • Proprietary Standards • etc.. Collection Metadata Standards • (METS) • EAD • Encoded Archival Description • Electronic Finding Guide/Aid • Main Sections • Descriptions • Container List - can link to digital objects • Examples: ^ Univ of Florida Types of Metadata Standards • Bibliographic Description • Metadata "Wrappers" and Transport • Collection Descriptions • Other Standards • Authority Standards • Proprietary Standards • etc.. still to come... • Authority Metadata Standards • NACO • MADS • EAC • Other standards • KML • DarwinCore • Z39.50/ZING • Standards are like weeds.... Proprietary and Custom Formats • Proprietary File Formats • Greenstone Document File (doc.xml) • Fedora Object File (FOXml) • Custom Schemas • SobekCM Schema ( UFDC and dLOC ) Back to the beginning? 7 .7 ^^blin Core? ^1^? ^M C Ore? M^^^*^ ^>4C: ^Aí^-C? Ead? METS? lo ^rap Evidence-based • Universities within Florida ( 10 schools ) • Digital Objects • MARC (linked to catalog ) • Dublin Core ( no wrapper, simple objects ) • METS wrapper (for complex items ) • MODS • EAD for Finding Aids / Quides • OAI-PMH Harvesting "One Standard to Rule Them All" "One Standard to Rule Them All" f METS Wrapper 'One Standard to Rule Them All" METS Wrapper f " DC ^ MODS V j Additional Custom Data "One Standard to Rule Them All" METS Wrapper Dublin Core J r ■\ Additional Custom Data V 'One Standard to Rule Them All" METS Wrapper Additional Custom Data Archival -^ Service Metadata Archival METS SobekCM Service r A Greenstone v^ Archival -^ Service Metadata Archival METS SobekCM Service r K Fedora or ContentDM A Standards Comparison What is XML? • XML = eXtensible Markup Language • Allows information and services to be encoded with meaningful structure and semantics that computers and humans can understand. • Established by the World Wide Web Consortium XML Syntax XML Declaration Elements in matching tags Nested tags XML Syntax ( continued ) Empty Tags Attributes Remarks XML Example • Example for a book with a title and OCLC number • This defines a book, but does not adhere to any standard or schema XML Schemas • Creates a vocabulary to use • Constrains the structure of XML data • Defines a namespace xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/digital/metadata/dc.xsd" > Metadata Example L:iii-iLiiTi ■■ I I III . II ir Metadata Example: Dublin Core lower wrapper. text illustrations. British Children's Lit (NEH PA-50860-00). Title Encoding Comparison Jessamines Children Book MARC 245 14 |a The Jessamines jh [electrónic resource] jb a story of a country house / jo by Grace Stebbing. Title Encoding Comparison Jessamines Children Book MarcXML Title Encoding Comparison Jessamines Children Book MODS by Grace Stebbing. Title Encoding Comparison Jessamines Children Book Dublin Core The Jessamines: a story of a country house by Grace Stebbing. Title Encoding Comparison Jessamines Children Book Dublin Core The Jessamines: a story of a country house by Grace Stebbing. 245 1 |a The Jessamines : a story of a country house jh [electrónic resource] Title Encoding Comparison • MARC Comparison • From MODS 245 14 |a The Jessamines jh [electrónic resource] jb a story of a country house / je by Grace Stebbing. • From Dublin Core 245 1 |a The Jessamines : a story of a country house jh [electrónic resource] Author Encoding Comparison It's his way. and other stories MARC 700 ja Elliott, E. S. jq (Emily Steele), |d 1836-1897. |4aut |4¡ll Author Encoding Comparison It's his way. and other stories MODS Author Encoding Comparison It's his way, and other stories Dublin Core Elliott, E. S. ( Emily Steele ), 1836-1897 Author Encoding Comparison It's his way, and other stories Dublin Core Elliott, E. S. ( Emily Steele ), 1836-1897 700 ja Elliott, E. S. (Emily Steele), 1836-1897 Author Encoding Comparison • MARC Comparison • From MODS 700 ja Elliott, E. S. |q (Emily Steele), |d 1836-1897. |4 aut |4 ¡II From Dublin Core 700 ja Elliott, E. S. (Emily Steele), 1836-1897 Subject Encoding Comparison 5 Little Pigs MODS < mods: temporal >1890 Subject Encoding Comparison 5 Little Pigs MARC 650 O ja Children jx Conduct of life |v Juvenile fiction. 655 O ja Children's stories |y1890. Subject Encoding Comparison 5 Little Pigs Dublin Core Children ~ Conduct of life ~ Juvenile fiction Children's stories ~ 1890 Subject Encoding Comparison 5 Little Pigs Dublin Core Children ~ Conduct of life ~ Juvenile fiction Children's stories ~ 1890 650 4 ja Children -- Conduct of life -- Juvenile fiction 650 4 ja Children's stories --1890 Subject Encoding Comparison • MARC Comparison • From MODS 650 0 ja Children jx Conduct of life jv Juvenile fiction. 655 0 ja Children's stories jy 1890. • From Dublin Core 650 4 ja Children -- Conduct of life -- Juvenile fiction 650 4 ja Children's stories --1890 Subject Encoding Com • In practice • Faceted Searching • Citation Searching )arison Lessons / Standards Conclusions • Try not to tie your metadata to your system • Archival vs. Service • Don't be afraid of extending for your own needs, but continué to follow the standards • Don't cripple your metadata / Prepare for the most information you would want • METS / MODS V. simple Dublin Core |
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| MILLISECOND | CLASS.METHOD | MESSAGE |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | sobekcm_page_globals.constructor | |
| 0 | sobekcm_page_globals.constructor | Application State validated or built |
| 0 | sobekcm_database.verify_item_lookup_object | |
| 0 | sobekcm_page_globals.constructor | Navigation Object created from URI query string |
| 0 | sobekcm_database.verify_item_lookup_object | |
| 0 | sobekcm_page_globals.display_item | Retrieving item or group information |
| 0 | sobekcm_page_globals.get_entire_collection_hierarchy | Retrieving hierarchy information |
| 0 | sobekcm_assistant.get_entire_collection_hierarchy | |
| 0 | cached_data_manager.retrieve_item_aggregation | |
| 0 | cached_data_manager.retrieve_item_aggregation | Found item aggregation on local cache |
| 0 | item_aggregation_builder.get_item_aggregation | Found 'all' item aggregation in cache |
| 0 | system.web.ui.page.page_load (ufdc.page_load) | |
| 0 | sobekcm_page_globals.constructor.on_page_load | |
| 0 | html_echo_mainwriter.add_style_references | Adding style references to HTML |
| 0 | html_echo_mainwriter.add_text_to_page | Reading the text from the file and echoing back to the output stream |
| 36 | html_echo_mainwriter.add_text_to_page | Finished reading and writing the file |
